NO133285B - - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a tempering system with pipe

hoses laid in a building element layer belonging to a room, e.g.

in the floor, in a wall or in the ceiling of a space with mutual distance and which form curved sections similar to e.g. the windings in a spiral, which pipe hoses via connecting pipelines and valves respectively are connected to a supply and a return collection container for a water circuit connected in turn to a tempering source and whose supply and return branches preferably in each case over their entire length run alongside each other in immediate mutual contact and thus in immediate mutual heat exchange.

Such a tempering system, e.g. as described

on pages 216 and 217 of the journal "Sanitare Technik" 1961,

No. 5, makes it possible to heat certain surface areas of a

heated wall and especially of a heated floor different from other surface areas, e.g. in that the different surface areas are separated and can be adjusted independently of each other due to their flow. If, however, flat areas were to

lie e.g. in the vicinity of a large window front, which requires a significantly different tempering compared to the other surface areas, it may be inappropriate to operate the entire system as

warm" - respectively in the summer as cold - as is required for a larger window front which is exposed to cold in the winter or to strong solar radiation in the summer. In particular, it must be observed that a floor temperature only feels physiologically comfortable when it remains within relatively narrow limits and upwards e.g.

does not exceed a limit temperature of 28°C. Apart from the fact that in winter it may be irrational to operate the entire heating system at a higher temperature due to the necessary stronger heating

of the area by a window front, in order for this higher temperature to be available in the area by the window front, while all the other pipe hoses must be throttled down to a correspondingly smaller water flow, a corresponding regulation device is also necessary so that the mentioned limit temperature is not possibly exceeded in the other heating areas.

The invention is based on the task of improving the initially mentioned tempering system in such a way that it is also possible, while maintaining a normal, physiologically comfortable tempering from the central tempering point in the system, to achieve significantly different temperings in the area of individual pipes.

According to the invention, the task set is solved by

that there is at least an additional heating and/or cooling device for the water in a connecting pipeline that goes out from a feed collection tank.

Such an additional heating or cooling device belonging to only a specific pipe makes it possible in a simple and rational way to take account of the special requirements, e.g. in an area by a large window front or a large entrance opening in a house.

It is particularly advantageous if, in the connecting pipeline, a heating and a cooling device are respectively connected in parallel with each other over a valve respectively. According to the above, it is furthermore appropriate that the pipe hose connected to the connection pipeline provided with the heating and/or cooling device is laid in the vicinity of a window surface or the like in the room to be tempered.

It is e.g. from DT-OS 1,902,688 it is already known to lay the supply and return line for a pipe hose in the tempering system concerned here, respectively over its entire length in immediate mutual contact and thus in immediate mutual heat exchange next to each other. Such an installation is particularly advantageous in in connection with a tempering system designed according to the present invention, because the particularly even tempering of the building element layer achieved with such an installation provides an extended guarantee that thermal cracks in the building element layer are avoided even with extreme tempering. Moreover, such an installation of the two pipe strands in a pipe hose enables a more intense cooling of the room air that is in contact with the building element layer/ at a certain humidity without the risk of condensation of water vapor on the building element layer,

than was previously possible for pipes with supply and return branches mounted at a distance from each other.

The invention will be described in more detail in the following with reference to the drawings which show a pure example, as fig. 1 shows a tempering system in schematic representation for tempering two building element layers (one building element layer is for better observation of details shown in a perspective side view), fig. 2 schematically shows a section similar to fig. 1 different design options for the further tempering of a pipe hose, fig. 3 is a schematic representation in accordance with fig. 2 of a further device which is suitable for alternative further heating or cooling of a pipe hose, and fig. 4

is a Mollier i-X diagram for moist air, where typical outdoor air conditions that must be observed during cooling are highlighted.

According to fig. 1 it is in a building element layer 2 in a

floor laid pipe hoses 1 and 11, whose delivery branches are drawn with broken lines and whose return branches are drawn with solid lines. The building element layer 2 consists of a layer of cement or artificial resin mass, in which the pipe hoses 1 and 11 are embedded on all sides on a construction steel mat 2'. Between the building element layer 2 and the fixed building subsoil consisting of a concrete layer 3, there is an intermediate layer 2'' for heat insulation, moisture barrier and sound insulation against footsteps. The pipes 1 and 11 are connected by means of connection pipelines 1' and 11' to a delivery collection container 1<11>' and via connection pipelines 1'' and II'<1> connected to a return collection container 1<1>V. A delivery line la and a return line lb connect the two collection containers with a boiler 4.

In the case shown, the boiler is provided with a closed expansion vessel 4' and a safety valve 4<11>. A water pump 5, as well as a three-way mixing valve 6, which is connected via a shunt line 6' to the return line lb, is connected to the delivery line la. Furthermore, a cooling tower 8 is also arranged above a line 8' and

a valve 8IV is connected to the delivery line la and over a joint

ning'' and a shut-off valve 8''' is connected to the return line lb and serves to put the entire system in position for summer operation with cooling of the floor. The special advantage of a cooling tower lies in the fact that it can be dimensioned precisely according to the size of the maximum cooling load and with the help of this a cooling water delivery temperature of 21°C can be achieved at an outside air condition of 32°C and 40% relative air humidity. Such a cooling tower comes into particular consideration where there are large cooling loads in large office premises, hotels or the like.

In that in the upper part of fig. 1 perspectively produced building element layer 2, the pipe hose 1 extends in a wave shape over a larger area and the pipe hose 11 in the form of a spiral within a smaller area, for which, however, greater transmission loss is assumed.

An electric heating cartridge is connected to the connecting pipeline 11' which can be switched off via one switch 24' for a thermostat 24'' as soon as the supply temperature in the connecting pipeline 11' exceeds a certain temperature. A room thermostat 24 ' ' ' is connected in series with the thermostat 24'<1> which

ter the switch 24' as soon as the room temperature drops due to increased transmission losses in the area of the pipe hose 11 and as a result the heating requirement increases.

In the lower left part of fig. 1, the room 25 shown as a floor plan has a large window surface 25', in this case two pipe hoses 1 and 11 are both laid respectively in the form of a spiral and via connection pipelines the forward collection container 1<1>'' and the return collection container 1IV are connected. a heating cartridge 24 is connected in the connecting pipeline 11' to the pipe hose 11 in the same way as in the corresponding connecting pipe 11' to the upper pipe hose 11, which here, however, is connected in parallel with a heat exchanger 9' above a valve 27, which belongs to the circuit for a ball machine 9. This ball machine mainly consists of the evaporating active heat exchanger 9<1>, a compressor 9'', a condenser 9'<1>' and a pressure reduction valve 9IV. In the evaporator, heat is extracted from the supply water in the connecting pipeline 11' by means of a refrigerant which thereby evaporates. This refrigerant vapor is sucked in by the compressor 9'', compressed to a correspondingly high temperature and cooled by an air flow in the condenser 9<11>' provided with a large external heat exchanger surface, from where it comes via the pressure reduction valve 9IV again to the heat exchanger 9' as refrigerant condensate. Here, too, the heating cartridge 24 is switched on by means of a room thermostat 24'' over a switch 24' which is located in the immediate vicinity of the pipe hose 11 and switched off by means of a thermostat 24'' connected in the same series when achieving the permissible delivery temperature. In contrast, the effort of the cooling machine 9 is regulated both by the room thermostat 24'<11> and by a hygrostat 26. If e.g. on hot summer days, the room thermostat 24''<1>, which is set to a specific temperature, requires the removal of heat that radiates in through the window surface 25', the valve 27 is opened and then the compressor 9<1>' is started, as well as an airing of the condenser 9 '<11>. As soon as the moisture in the vicinity of the building element layer that surrounds the tube 11 indicates a threatening proximity of the dew point limit on the hygrostat 26, this stops the compressor 9'<1> and closes the valve 27, so that a condensation of the water vapor present in the air on the building element jiket 2 in each case is avoided.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, in the connecting pipeline 11', four different systems for cooling the feed water are shown, which can be used separately or combined as desired. The first cooling system consists of a tube 7, preferably made of plastic, laid in the ground

the 7', and which over the supply line 7'<*> and the return line 7<111>, as well as over the valves 10., 10' is in connection with the connection pipeline 1'. If the supply water is to be cooled with the help of this cooling system, a valve 10'' located in this line between the two valves 10 and 10' is closed, while the aforementioned two valves are opened. Then the pump 5 pushes the supply water through the valve 10 and the supply line 7'<1> into the pipe 7, where it cools, from there through the return line 7'<11> and the return valve 10' again into the connecting pipe 11' and then into the tube 11 which is laid in the construction element joint 2. After passing through this, the now heated cooling water arrives in the manner shown in fig. 1, into the return collection container 1IV and over the return line lb, as well as the shunt line 6' to the pump 5, where the circuit begins again. The special advantage of this facility is that none is required

additional operating costs, e.g. for operation of a ventilator

tor and the pipe hose itself 7 to the extent that it consists of plastic is corrosion-resistant and does not require any maintenance.

The second cooling system consists of a cooling tower 8a, which

in the same way as the cooling tower 8 in the first example, over a delivery line 8', a return line 8'', as well as over valves 8''' and 8IV now is in connection with the connecting pipeline 11". A further pump 5' as in in this case is inserted into the connecting pipeline 11' after the cooling tower 8, pulls over the line 8'<1> the cooling water from the cooling tower 8 and presses it in the already described way through the pipe hose 11, from which on

the way shown in fig. 1, is pressed back over the return flow collection container 1IV to the return flow line lb and the shunt line 6'.

The third option for cooling the water in the connecting pipeline 11' is a groundwater circuit 20 which mainly consists of a container 20' which is supplied with well water, and a pipe bundle 20'' inserted in the container, through which the supply water is pressed after closing a valve 22 and opening a mixing valve 22'. In addition, a submersible pump 2 3 sucks the amount of ground water that is necessary for the cooling, from the ground water sump in the subsoil 7', and presses this amount through the delivery line 23' into the container 20', from where the water through the return line 23'' again comes down into the ground water sump. In this way, the height of the ground water table remains maintained, it being understood that the feed pipe 23' and the return pipe 23'' have a corresponding distance from each other to avoid circulations. The advantage of this design is that both the tube bundle 20'' which is arranged in the easily accessible container 20', and the container 20' itself can be easily cleaned and with the help of the mixing valve 22' a mixture can be made.

A fourth possibility for cooling the water in the connection pipeline 11' and which is shown in fig. 2 at the top, is a heat pump circuit which was also already shown in fig. 1 and was described in connection with this figure, why this description should not be repeated. In fig. 3, however, shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of the latter cooling system. In this system, the capacitor 9''' in fig. 2 replaced by a pipe hose 9 which is laid in the ground or is flushed with well or river water. Furthermore, a four-way valve 15 is arranged between the heat exchanger 9<1> and the compressor 9<11> and between the pipe hose 9V and the heat exchanger 9' two pressure reduction valves 13 and 14 are connected, of which one (14) or the other (13 ) can work as a pressure reduction valve using the valves 13', 13'', as well as 14', 14'<1> as desired. During summer operation, the refrigerant circuit works as a refrigeration machine and is flowed through in the direction indicated by solid arrows, with the heat exchanger 9' working as an evaporator, and the tube 9 V working as a condenser. In winter, the tube 9V works as an evaporator and the heat exchanger 9' as a condenser. In this case, heat is drawn through the tube 9^

from the soil mass and the heat-carrying working steam raised to a high temperature level by means of the compressor 9'', and the heat is transferred via the heat exchanger 9' to the feed water present in the connecting pipeline 11', with which e.g. during the transition period it is not yet necessary to start the heating boiler 4 and the entire heating system. As the surface temperature of that in fig. 1 shown floor to avoid building element cracks, as well as to maintain the best degree of comfort must not exceed a temperature of 27 to 28°C, and therefore also the water temperature in the pipe hose 11 can be correspondingly low, such a facility meets all claim. Conversely, the same also applies to the cooling during so-called summer operation.

The special and generally valid advantages, i.e. also for a device according to fig. 1, with the above-mentioned cooling systems as can be seen from fig. 4. The curve a drawn in the Mollier diagram shown indicates the outdoor air conditions that occur at our latitudes in summer. In point A you get e.g. with fresh air ventilation with an air of 32°C and 40% relative humidity a dew point temperature of approx. 16.8°C. It follows again that the surface temperature for building element layer 2 in fig. 1 must not reach this temperature, as otherwise the water vapor present in the air begins to condense out and the floor would become damp. Now, however, it has been shown in a surprising way with the above-mentioned pipes that the delivery temperature of the water can even lie below the dew point of the room air, because the counterflow principle present in the pipe 1 means that if the dew point temperature is not too much below the dew point temperature, the immediate ambient temperature of the pipe 1 is nevertheless above the dew point temperature and more specifically also in the case where the relevant rooms are provided with direct ventilation from the outside.

In the case of rooms, on the other hand, which are already equipped with a dehumidification system that works with circulation mode, with such pipes, everything depends on the condition of the room air, e.g. at 25°C and 50 to 60% relative humidity allowed with a cooling water supply temperature of 12.5°C to 15.5°C and even slightly below, without the floor surface cooling the room reaching the critical dew point temperature for the respective state of the room air (see curve b on fig. 4) .

A further general advantage of the cooling with

of these pipes is that the comfortable room temperature in this case is higher than for a room that is cooled with normal air conditioning. However, this again means that this cooling system without a dehumidification device is able to provide a comfortable room temperature, as even at maximum cooling load the critical surface temperature for the building element layer 2 becomes

if at all, only accomplished on a very .few days during the year.

Thus, it has e.g. proved that at a feed temp

for the water at 20°C and at a surface temperature on the building element layer 2 of approx. 23 to 24°C, a comfortable room temperature of 27 to 28°C could be achieved there.

Claims (3)

1. Tempering system with pipe hoses' laid in the joint of a building element belonging to a room, e.g. in the floor, in a wall or in the ceiling of a space with mutual distance, and which form curved sections similar to e.g. the windings in a spiral, which pipe- hoses over connection pipelines and valves respectively are connected to a supply and a return collection container for a water circuit connected in turn to a tempering source and whose supply and return branches preferably run next to each other over their entire length in immediate mutual contact and thus in immediate immediate heat exchange, characterized in that at least in a connecting pipeline (li<1>) which goes out from a delivery collection container (l''<1>), an additional heating and /or cooling device (24, 9) for the water. 2- Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a heating and a cooling device (24, and 9) are respectively connected in the connecting pipeline (li<1>) in parallel with each other above a valve (27). 3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pipe hose (11) connected to the connecting pipe (11') provided with the heating and/or cooling device is laid in the vicinity of a window surface (25') or similar in the room which must be tempered.