NO132698B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO132698B
NO132698B NO997/71A NO99771A NO132698B NO 132698 B NO132698 B NO 132698B NO 997/71 A NO997/71 A NO 997/71A NO 99771 A NO99771 A NO 99771A NO 132698 B NO132698 B NO 132698B
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Norway
Prior art keywords
air
pellets
shaft
chamber
heated
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NO997/71A
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Norwegian (no)
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NO132698C (en
Inventor
W C Mayer
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Johnson & Johnson
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Publication of NO132698B publication Critical patent/NO132698B/no
Publication of NO132698C publication Critical patent/NO132698C/no

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B29/005Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to another layer of paper or cardboard layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/08Impregnating
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/04Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
    • D21H25/06Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating of impregnated or coated paper
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30Multi-ply
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30Multi-ply
    • D21H27/40Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/26All layers being made of paper or paperboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/028Paper layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046Synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2432/00Cleaning articles, e.g. mops, wipes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00Clothing
    • B32B2437/04Caps, helmets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2601/00Upholstery
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/06Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/18Reinforcing agents
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/32Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with an excess of material, e.g. from a reservoir or in a manner necessitating removal of applied excess material from the paper
    • D21H23/42Paper being at least partly surrounded by the material on both sides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/52Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with a device carrying the material
    • D21H23/56Rolls
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1712Indefinite or running length work
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/3188Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31895Paper or wood
    • Y10T428/31906Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

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  • Paper (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

Fremgangsmåte og apparat for herdning av malmpellets. Method and apparatus for hardening the ore pellets.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte og en ovn for herdning av fuktige malmpellets, og hvor det brukes en ovn av motstrømstypen med vertikal sjakt for varmebehandling eller herdning av små fuktige pellets av jernmalmkonsen-tratene som skal herdes. The present invention relates to a method and a furnace for hardening moist ore pellets, and where a furnace of the counterflow type with a vertical shaft is used for heat treatment or hardening of small moist pellets of the iron ore concentrates to be hardened.

Ved drift av ovner av den ovenfor an-gitte art blir ovnen kontinuerlig chargert med pellets ved toppen av sjakten og dissa pellets beveger seg langsomt som en søyle av separate pellets inntil de til slutt tøm-mes ved bunnen. I denne tid opphetes først pellets litt under deres smeltetemperatur i en sone i nærheten av toppen av sjakten ved hjelp av hete gasser fra tilstøtende forbrenningskammere, og deretter avkjø-les de ved hjelp av luft som blåses inn i nærheten av sjaktens bunn. During the operation of furnaces of the above type, the furnace is continuously charged with pellets at the top of the shaft and these pellets move slowly as a column of separate pellets until they are finally emptied at the bottom. During this time, the pellets are first heated slightly below their melting temperature in a zone near the top of the chute by means of hot gases from adjacent combustion chambers, and then cooled by means of air blown in near the bottom of the chute.

Jernmalmpellets, som er et typisk ek-sempel, må opphetes til meget høye tem-peraturer i nærheten av 1260° C for å kunna godt herdes, men når de tømmes, bør de for å kunne håndteres, ha en så lav temperatur som mulig. The iron ore pellets, which are a typical example, must be heated to very high temperatures in the vicinity of 1260° C in order to be able to harden well, but when they are emptied, they should, in order to be handled, have as low a temperature as possible.

For å øke varmeeffektiviteten forvarmes luft under sin oppoverbevegelse gjennom pelletene og en del av denne luft le-des direkte inn i forbrenningskamrene. Det er imidlertid funnet at denne metode re-sulterer i at støv blir ført sammen med luft og ved en temperatur over ca. 980° C blir dette støv smeltet i de øvre områder av forbrenningskamrene og kan eventuelt hindre passering av luft. In order to increase the heating efficiency, air is preheated during its upward movement through the pellets and part of this air is led directly into the combustion chambers. However, it has been found that this method results in dust being carried along with air and at a temperature above approx. At 980° C, this dust is melted in the upper areas of the combustion chambers and may possibly prevent the passage of air.

Når man blåste inn ren luft utenfra direkte inn, i forbrenningskamrene, og When you blew in clean air from outside directly into the combustion chambers, and

ingen luft ble blåst inn i bunnen av ovn- no air was blown into the bottom of the oven-

sjakten, ble denne av støv forårsakets ulempe eliminert og forbrenningskamrene kunne drives ved 1200—1315° C og den maksimale temperatur av pellets ved toppen av sjakten kunne heves til en tilfreds-stillende høyde. Imidlertid fantes da ikke tilstrekkelig luft ved bunnen av sjakten for effektivt å kjøle pelletene og de tømte shaft, this disadvantage caused by dust was eliminated and the combustion chambers could be operated at 1200-1315° C and the maximum temperature of pellets at the top of the shaft could be raised to a satisfactory height. However, there was then insufficient air at the bottom of the chute to effectively cool the pellets and the empties

pellets hadde en temperatur på ca. 950° C. Dette var en temperatur som var for høy pellets had a temperature of approx. 950° C. This was a temperature that was too high

for å tillate trygg håndtering og resulterte i stort varmetap. to allow safe handling and resulted in large heat loss.

Fra norsk patent nr. 85.896 er kjent å tilføre forbrenningskammeret kun ren, men ikke oppvarmet luft, idet kjøleluft også tilføres ved bunnen av ovnen. Ifølge dette patent tas da pelletene ut ved bunnen av ovnen — kjølekammeret — med en temperatur på 176° C, og gassen som forlot ovnen ved toppen av pelletsøylen, hadde en temperatur på 122° C. From Norwegian patent no. 85,896, it is known to supply the combustion chamber with only clean, but not heated, air, as cooling air is also supplied at the bottom of the furnace. According to this patent, the pellets are taken out at the bottom of the oven — the cooling chamber — at a temperature of 176° C, and the gas that left the oven at the top of the pellet column had a temperature of 122° C.

Ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse kjøles de varme pellets fra ovnen i ett eller flere separate kammere ved hjelp av en luftstrøm som fører med seg varmen fra pelletene til rekuperatorer hvor den opp-hetede luft forvarmer ren luft for forbrenningskammere. According to the present invention, the hot pellets from the oven are cooled in one or more separate chambers by means of an air flow which carries the heat from the pellets to recuperators where the heated air preheats clean air for combustion chambers.

I overensstemmelse med den foran anfør-te går fremgangsmåten ut på herdning av fuktige malmpellets hvor det opprettholdes en kontinuerlig strøm av pellets ned gjennom en sjaktovn og hvor gasser med relativt høy temperatur føres gjennom nevnt3 pellets og kjøleluft føres gjennom de opphetete pellets under det område i sjaktovnen gjennom hvilket gassene med høy temperatur føres, og hvor de nedad strøm-niende pellets føres direkte fra sjaktovnen til et separat kammer og kjøleluften føres gjennom de opphetete pellets i det separate kammer og opphetet luft fra det separate kammer føres ut mens en vesentlig del av nevnte opphetete luft hindres i å passere direkte fra det separate kammer til sjaktovnen, og det særegne ved fremgangsmåten er at den nevnte opphetete luft renses og den varme som fåes fra nevnte rensete luft som føres ut, utnyttes indirekte for å forvarme i alt vesentlig støv-fri annen luft og den på denne måte forvarmete støvfrie annen luft innføres et i og for seg kjent brennstoff-forbrenningskammer som kilde for de høytemperatur-gasser som føres gjennom sjaktovnen. In accordance with the foregoing, the method consists of curing moist ore pellets, where a continuous flow of pellets down through a shaft furnace is maintained and where gases with a relatively high temperature are passed through the aforementioned pellets and cooling air is passed through the heated pellets below the area in the shaft furnace through which the high-temperature gases are passed, and where the downward-flowing pellets are passed directly from the shaft furnace into a separate chamber and the cooling air is passed through the heated pellets in the separate chamber and heated air from the separate chamber is passed out while a substantial part of said heated air is prevented from passing directly from the separate chamber to the shaft furnace, and the distinctive feature of the method is that said heated air is cleaned and the heat obtained from said cleaned air that is carried out is used indirectly to preheat essentially all dust- free other air and the dust-free other air preheated in this way is introduced a fuel known per se f-combustion chamber as a source for the high-temperature gases that are passed through the shaft furnace.

Andre trekk ved oppfinnelsen vil frem-gå av den etterfølgende beskrivelse av fremgangsmåtens utførelse i forbindelse med det særlig fordelaktige apparat for utførelse av fremgangsmåten. Fig. 1 viser tildels skjematisk det full-stendige ovnssystem ifølge oppfinnelsen. Fig. 2 er et vertikalt transversalt snitt gjennom ovnen, forbrenningskammeret og kjølere for pellets, idet støvsamlere og varmeutvekslere er vist i oppriss. Fig. 3 er et vertikalt transversalsnitt etter linjen 3—3 på fig. 2, og viser ovnssjakten og en av kjølerne for pellets an-bragt under sjakten, og Other features of the invention will be apparent from the subsequent description of the execution of the method in connection with the particularly advantageous apparatus for carrying out the method. Fig. 1 partly schematically shows the complete oven system according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section through the furnace, combustion chamber and coolers for pellets, the dust collectors and heat exchangers being shown in elevation. Fig. 3 is a vertical transversal section along the line 3-3 in fig. 2, and shows the furnace shaft and one of the coolers for pellets placed under the shaft, and

fig. 4 er et horisontalt transversalsnitt etter linjen 4—4 av fig. 2 gjennom ovnssjakten og begge forbrenningskammere. fig. 4 is a horizontal transversal section along the line 4-4 of fig. 2 through the furnace shaft and both combustion chambers.

Sjaktovnen 1 omfatter et rammeverk 2 av strukturdeler som understøtter en me-tallkappe 3 omsluttende og beskyttende ildfaste sten 4 dannende en sjakt med rek-tangulært tverrsnitt hvis indre vegger er i det vesentlige vertikale i toppsonen 5 i omtrent to tredjedeler av deres høyde og heller innover med ca. 12° til 15° fra vertikalen i bunnsonen 6 i retning av en sen-tralt anordnet spisset lav stenvegg 7. Denne vegg 7 deler pelletchargen 8 opp i to nesten like deler som faller ned i to pa-rallelle vertikale chargeringstrakter 9 anordnet under veggen. The shaft furnace 1 comprises a framework 2 of structural parts supporting a metal jacket 3 enclosing and protecting refractory stone 4 forming a shaft with a rectangular cross-section whose inner walls are essentially vertical in the top zone 5 for approximately two-thirds of their height and rather inwards with approx. 12° to 15° from the vertical in the bottom zone 6 in the direction of a centrally arranged pointed low stone wall 7. This wall 7 divides the pellet charge 8 into two almost equal parts which fall into two parallel vertical charging funnels 9 arranged below the wall.

En rekke av i horisontal avstand an-bragte atskillelsesplater 10 bestående fortrinnsvis av hule støpestykker gjennom hvilke sirkulerer et kjølemiddel, f. eks. luft, rager inn i massen av de hete pellets i ovnens øvre sone 5. Disse atskillelsesplater 10 danner åpninger mellom de fallende pellets nær ovnens sider og tilveiebringer en fri strømning av luft for hurtigere tør-king av pellets. A series of horizontally spaced separation plates 10 consisting preferably of hollow castings through which a coolant circulates, e.g. air, protrudes into the mass of the hot pellets in the upper zone 5 of the oven. These separation plates 10 form openings between the falling pellets near the sides of the oven and provide a free flow of air for faster drying of the pellets.

Eventuelle større klumper av sam- Any larger clumps of con-

menballete pellets i bunnsonen 6 av ovnen vil deles opp av de tannete omrørere 11 montert i selvregulerende thrustlagere 12 understøttet på ovnens rammeverk, og vil ytterligere oppdeles av de tannete knuse-segmenter 13 anordnet på vippeaksler 14 montert i lågere 15. Disse aksler 11 og 14 strekker seg horisontalt gjennom bunnsonen 6 av ovnen i parallell avstand med den sentrale vegg 7, og er fortrinnsvis hule for å tillate at luft passerer gjennom dem og er slik anordnet at de, tildels kan ro-teres ved hjelp av resiprokerende sveiv-armer 16 drevet av konvensjonelle meka-niske eller hydrauliske sylindrer (ikke vist) Butballed pellets in the bottom zone 6 of the furnace will be split up by the toothed stirrers 11 mounted in self-regulating thrust bearings 12 supported on the furnace framework, and will be further split up by the toothed crushing segments 13 arranged on rocker shafts 14 mounted in bearings 15. These shafts 11 and 14 extend horizontally through the bottom zone 6 of the furnace at a parallel distance from the central wall 7, and are preferably hollow to allow air to pass through them and are so arranged that they can be partially rotated by means of reciprocating crank arms 16 driven of conventional mechanical or hydraulic cylinders (not shown)

i passende tidsrom for å kunne opprett-holde en jevn fallhastighet av pellets. in a suitable period of time to be able to maintain a steady fall rate of pellets.

Vippeakslene 11 og 14 og de tilsluttende organer er videre beskyttet mot varmen ved hjelp av luft fra et blåseorgan (ikke vist), hvilken luft innføres gjennom pa-rallelle horisontale rør 17 skjermet av om-vendte V-formete dekkorganer 18. Denne del av luften vandrer deretter oppover gjennom ovnssjakten hvor den opptar varme fra de fallende hete pellets og tilslutt leverer 40—60 pst. av den varme som er nødvendig for å herde og tørke de øvre lag av de innkommende fuktige pellets. The rocker shafts 11 and 14 and the connecting members are further protected from the heat by means of air from a blowing member (not shown), which air is introduced through parallel horizontal pipes 17 shielded by inverted V-shaped cover members 18. This part of the air then travels upwards through the furnace shaft where it absorbs heat from the falling hot pellets and finally supplies 40-60 per cent of the heat required to harden and dry the upper layers of the incoming moist pellets.

Symmetrisk anbrakt ved motsatte en-der ar ovnssj akten 1 nær den øvre sone 5 av sjakten er to vesentlige sylindriske forbrenningskammere 19, hvert av hvilke har en ytre metallmantel 20 og en foring av ildfaste sten 21. Hvert av disse forbrenningskammere 19 er forsynt med et innløp 22 for innføring av luft som er blitt for-varmet ved hjelp av senere beskrevne mid-ler, en brenner 23 for flytende eller gass-formet brensel og en ledning 24 som fører forbrenningsgassende fra kammerne gjennom åpninger 24' til den øvre sone 5 av ovnen. Symmetrically placed at opposite ends of the furnace shaft 1 near the upper zone 5 of the shaft are two substantially cylindrical combustion chambers 19, each of which has an outer metal jacket 20 and a lining of refractory stone 21. Each of these combustion chambers 19 is provided with a inlet 22 for the introduction of air which has been pre-heated by means of means described later, a burner 23 for liquid or gaseous fuel and a line 24 which leads combustion gases from the chambers through openings 24' to the upper zone 5 of the oven.

Under hver fordelingstrakt 9 strekker seg vertikalt en innsnevret ledning 25 som står i forbindelse med en separat kjøler 26 for pellets og denne kjøler er fortrinnsvis ubevegelig opphengt fra understøttel-sesstrukturen 2 av ovnen. Denne kjøler 28 for pellets består , av en sylindrisk metallmantel 27 med et innløp 28 for pellets i midten av topplaten 29 og et tilstøtende luftutløpsuttak 30. Den mellomliggende del av mantelen 27 er utforet med ildfaste sten 31 understøttet på vinkeljern 32 med ring-formet kontur og fast sveiset innenfor mantelen. På disse vinkeljern 32 er innenfor hver kjølermantel 27 opphengt en øvre kjølertrakt 33 og under den er i avstand anordnet en lavere kjølertrakt 34 opphengt på bunnen av mantelen 27. Som vist på fig. 2 og 3 heller den øvre kjølertrakt 33 20° fra vertikalen, og den nedre kjøler-takt 34 25° fra vertikalen, men hellingen av traktene er ikke kritisk. Et luftinnløps-rør 35 forbundet med et kraftig blåseorgan (ikke vist) slipper inn trykkluft i rommet mellom kjølertraktene 33 og 34 og så oppover gjennom pellets. De avkjølte pellets tømmes til slutt gjennom bunnrøret 36. Below each distribution funnel 9 extends vertically a narrowed line 25 which is in connection with a separate cooler 26 for pellets and this cooler is preferably immovably suspended from the support structure 2 of the oven. This cooler 28 for pellets consists of a cylindrical metal mantle 27 with an inlet 28 for pellets in the middle of the top plate 29 and an adjacent air outlet outlet 30. The intermediate part of the mantle 27 is lined with refractory stone 31 supported on angle iron 32 with a ring-shaped contour and firmly welded within the casing. On these angle irons 32, an upper cooling funnel 33 is suspended within each cooling mantle 27 and below it, a lower cooling funnel 34 is arranged at a distance, suspended on the bottom of the mantle 27. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the upper cooler funnel 33 inclines 20° from the vertical, and the lower cooler stroke 34 25° from the vertical, but the inclination of the funnels is not critical. An air inlet pipe 35 connected to a powerful blower (not shown) lets compressed air into the space between the cooling funnels 33 and 34 and then upwards through the pellets. The cooled pellets are finally emptied through the bottom tube 36.

Uttaket 30 for den forvarmete støv-holdige luft fra hver pelletkjøler 26 er forbundet med innløpsåpningen 37 for et samleorgan 38 for tørt støv, og støvpartik-lene fra pellets samles her opp, setter seg av ved bunnen av den store ytre konus 39 og fjernes gjennom et tappehull 40. Den rensete forvarmete luft passerer gjennom uttaket 41 og kanalen 42 gjennom innløpet 43 i det øvre kammer 44 av en vertikal rør-formet varmeutveksler 45. Denne varmeutveksler 45 omfatter en sylindrisk mantel 46 forsynt med en rekke av parallellfor-skjøvete horisontale ledeplater 47 og øvre og nedre rørplater 48 og 49 som under-støtter en rekke av vertikale rør 50. Den varme luft fra støvsamleren 38 passerer gjennom rørene i det nedre kammer 51 og går ut gjennom utløpskanalen 52. Ren luft fra omgivelsen slipper inn i mantelen 46 gjennom den nedre åpning 53, vandrer i buktet bane rundt rørene 50 og passerer fra utløpet 54 gjennom kanalen 55 i inn-løpet 22 av forbrenningskammeret 19. The outlet 30 for the preheated dust-containing air from each pellet cooler 26 is connected to the inlet opening 37 for a collection device 38 for dry dust, and the dust particles from pellets are collected here, settle at the bottom of the large outer cone 39 and are removed through a drain hole 40. The purified preheated air passes through the outlet 41 and the channel 42 through the inlet 43 in the upper chamber 44 of a vertical tube-shaped heat exchanger 45. This heat exchanger 45 comprises a cylindrical jacket 46 provided with a series of parallel-displaced horizontal guide plates 47 and upper and lower tube plates 48 and 49 which under-support a series of vertical tubes 50. The hot air from the dust collector 38 passes through the tubes in the lower chamber 51 and exits through the outlet channel 52. Clean air from the environment escapes into the mantle 46 through the lower opening 53, travels in a curved path around the pipes 50 and passes from the outlet 54 through the channel 55 in the inlet 22 of the combustion chamber 19.

Ved å bruke pelletkjølere 26 kan man 'ienke temperaturen av de hete pellets som, når de kommer fra ovnen, har en temperatur på ca. 530—600° C, til omtrent 93 —120° C, mens luften som er blåst inn i kjølere øker temperaturen fra atmosfære-temperaturen til ca. 480—537° C. Dette vil forvarme forbrenningsluften i varmeutvekslere 45 til omtrent 425° C med tilsvar-ende stor økning av effektiviteten av forbrenningskammere 19. Støvsamlere 38 fjer-ner størsteparten av pelletstøv fra for-varmingsluften før den når varmeutvekslere 45 og intet støv kan komme inn i forbrenningskammere 19. By using pellet coolers 26, the temperature of the hot pellets which, when they come from the oven, have a temperature of approx. 530-600° C, to approximately 93-120° C, while the air blown into the coolers increases the temperature from the atmospheric temperature to approx. 480—537° C. This will preheat the combustion air in heat exchangers 45 to approximately 425° C with a correspondingly large increase in the efficiency of combustion chambers 19. Dust collectors 38 remove the majority of pellet dust from the preheating air before it reaches heat exchangers 45 and no dust can enter combustion chambers 19.

Forbedringen av ovnens varmeeffekti-vitet kan sees av sammenligningsdata for driftstemperatur og brenselforbruket har de ovenfor nevnte tre typer av ovner, som vist i den følgende tabell: The improvement in the stove's heat efficiency can be seen from comparative data for operating temperature and fuel consumption of the above-mentioned three types of stoves, as shown in the following table:

Claims (2)

1. Fremgangsmåte for herdning av fuktige malmpellets hvor det opprettholdes en kontinuerlig strøm av pellets ned gjennom en sjaktovn og hvor gasser med relativt høy temperatur føres gjennom nevnte pellets og kjøleluft føres gjennom de opphetete pellets under det område i sjaktovnen gjennom hvilket gassene med høy temperatur føres, og hvor de nedad strømmende pellets føres direkte fra sjaktovnen til et separat kammer og kjøleluften føres gjennom de opphetete pellets i det separate kammer og opphetet luft fra det separate kammer føres ut mens en vesentlig del av nevnte opphetete luft hindres i å passere direkte fra det separate kammer til sjaktovnen, karakterisert ved at nevnte opphetete luft renses og den varme som fåes fra nevnte rensete luft som føres ut, utnyttes indirekte for å forvarme i alt vesentlig støvfrie andre gasser og de på denne måte forvarmete støv-frie andre gasser innføres i et i og for seg kjent brennstoff-forbrenningskammer som kilde for de høytemperaturgasser som føres gjennom sjaktovnen.1. Method for curing moist ore pellets where a continuous flow of pellets down through a shaft furnace is maintained and where relatively high temperature gases are passed through said pellets and cooling air is passed through the heated pellets below the area of the shaft furnace through which the high temperature gases are passed , and where the downward flowing pellets are led directly from the shaft furnace to a separate chamber and the cooling air is led through the heated pellets in the separate chamber and heated air from the separate chambers are led out while a significant part of said heated air is prevented from passing directly from the separate chamber to the shaft furnace, characterized in that said heated air is cleaned and the heat obtained from said cleaned air which is led out is used indirectly to preheat in all substantially dust-free other gases and the dust-free other gases preheated in this way are introduced into a fuel combustion chamber known per se as a source for the high-temperature gases which are passed through the shaft furnace. 2. Pellet-behandlingsapparat for utfø- relse av fremgangsmåten i påstand 1, om-fattende en ovnssj akt hvis indre vegger er i alt vesentlig vertikale ved toppen og skråner innover ved bunnen og med forbrenningskammere som står i forbindelse med sjakten, og et kjølekammer for pellets hvilket er anbrakt under sjakten og som kommuniserer med denne ved hjelp av en innsnevret passasje, karakterisert ved indirekte varmeutvekslings-innretninger (45) for å overføre varme fra den oppvarmete luft som kommer fra kjølekammeret (26) således at luften til forbrenningskammeret (19) forvarmes, og en støvfjerner (38) for å fjerne støv fra luften som føres ut fra kjølekammeret (26) før luften føres til varmeutvekslingsinnret-ningen (45).2. Pellet processing device for carrying out embodiment of the method in claim 1, comprising a furnace shaft whose inner walls are substantially vertical at the top and slope inwards at the bottom and with combustion chambers that are in communication with the shaft, and a cooling chamber for pellets which is placed below the shaft and which communicates with this by means of a narrowed passage, characterized by indirect heat exchange devices (45) to transfer heat from the heated air coming from the cooling chamber (26) so that the air to the combustion chamber (19) is preheated, and a dust remover (38) to remove dust from the air which is led out from the cooling chamber (26) before the air is led to the heat exchange device (45).
NO99771A 1969-05-27 1971-03-16 NO132698C (en)

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AU55644/69A AU5564469A (en) 1969-05-27 1969-05-27 Dry creped tissue laminate
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AT512469A AT298227B (en) 1969-05-27 1969-05-29 Process for the manufacture of a paper product suitable as a substitute for woven and non-woven textiles
US2294270A 1970-03-26 1970-03-26
US23541372A 1972-03-16 1972-03-16

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US4292360A (en) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Pressure sensitive adhesive tape
US7294230B2 (en) * 2004-12-20 2007-11-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Flexible multi-ply tissue products
ES2264372B1 (en) * 2005-03-10 2007-12-01 Fabrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre - Real Casa De La Moneda SAFETY STRIP, SECURITY PAPER THAT INCLUDES SUCH STRIP AND SECURITY DOCUMENT AND TICKET THAT INCORPORATE SUCH PAPER.
CN105887557A (en) * 2014-12-24 2016-08-24 天津元鸿科技有限公司 Novel environmental protection impregnated paper
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US2043351A (en) * 1935-06-01 1936-06-09 Int Cellucotton Products Method of making a tissue paper product
US2143911A (en) * 1935-10-17 1939-01-17 Paper Patents Co Method of making a cellulosic product
US3020178A (en) * 1957-09-06 1962-02-06 Rohm & Haas Paper impregnating compositions, impregnated papers and the process of impregnating paper
US3047445A (en) * 1958-06-02 1962-07-31 Kimberly Clark Co Cellulosic wiping material
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GB1016486A (en) * 1963-06-28 1966-01-12 Crown Zellerbach Corp Process for making an extensible dry-creped sheet material
US3300368A (en) * 1964-12-11 1967-01-24 Crown Zellerbach Corp Creped sheet materials and the process of producing the same
US3377224A (en) * 1966-03-11 1968-04-09 Kimberly Clark Co Method of embossing differentially creped tissue paper
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US3772124A (en) 1973-11-13
CA951629A (en) 1974-07-23

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