NO130299B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO130299B NO130299B NO00217/71A NO21771A NO130299B NO 130299 B NO130299 B NO 130299B NO 00217/71 A NO00217/71 A NO 00217/71A NO 21771 A NO21771 A NO 21771A NO 130299 B NO130299 B NO 130299B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- motor
- radical
- carbon
- fatty acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 fatty acid salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006079 antiknock agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- XRRROBQIQXHHHV-KTKRTIGZSA-N 2-[2-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCC1=NCCN1CCO XRRROBQIQXHHHV-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
Description
Motorbensin. Motor gasoline.
Under kalde, fuktige betingelser opp-står det isvanskeligheter i forgasserne i forbrenningsmotorer, og denne tendens sy-nes å være mest markert når det anvendes bensirier som har forholdsvis stor flyktighet, dvs. den type bensiner som kreves for å gi lett start og gir god motoroppvarmning under kalde betingelser. For å møte disse krav skal bensinen fortrinnsvis være en slik hvorav minst 50 volumprosent destillerer over ved 100° C. Under cold, damp conditions, ice problems arise in the carburettors in internal combustion engines, and this tendency seems to be most marked when gasoline series are used that have a relatively high volatility, i.e. the type of gasoline that is required to give an easy start and give good engine heating in cold conditions. To meet these requirements, the petrol should preferably be one of which at least 50% by volume distills above at 100°C.
Det er blitt gjort forslag til å redusere Proposals have been made to reduce
disse isvanskeligheter ved tilsetning av forskjellige stoffer til bensinen. Særlig er isopropanol og heksylenglykol blitt funnet å være tilfredsstillende anti-is-tilsetninger, these difficulties when adding different substances to the petrol. In particular, isopropanol and hexylene glycol have been found to be satisfactory anti-ice additives,
men for å være effektive må uheldigvis disse tilsetninger tilsettes i mengder som ofte er uøkonomiske og, videre, da de er vannoppttøselige, har de en tendens til å fjernes hvis brenselet bringes i kontakt med vann som ofte er til stede i lagrings-tanker eller -fat. but unfortunately to be effective these additives must be added in quantities which are often uneconomical and, further, being water-soluble, they tend to be removed if the fuel is brought into contact with water which is often present in storage tanks or - barrel.
Det er nå blitt funnet en bensinsam-mensetning som, i stor utstrekning, over-™ vinner de ovennevnte vanskeligheter. A gasoline composition has now been found which, to a large extent, overcomes the above-mentioned difficulties.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholder en motorbensin, hvorav minst 40 volumprosent, særlig 45 volumprosent, og spesielt 50 volumprosent destillerer over ved 100° C, en liten mengde tilsetning som består av en substituert imidazolin med formelen According to the invention, a motor gasoline, of which at least 40% by volume, especially 45% by volume, and especially 50% by volume distills over at 100° C, contains a small amount of additive consisting of a substituted imidazoline with the formula
hvor R er et kuillvannstoffradikal som består av eller inneholder en kullvannstoff-kjede som har minst 10 kullstoff atomer, og X er vannstoff eller et kullvannstoff med lav molekylarvekt eller et oksygenert kullvannstoff radikal. where R is a carbon hydrogen radical consisting of or containing a carbon hydrogen chain having at least 10 carbon atoms, and X is hydrogen or a low molecular weight carbon hydrogen or an oxygenated carbon hydrogen radical.
Tilsetningene kan naturligvis bestå av en blanding av molekyler av formel I hvori R og X har forskjellige verdier. Fordelaktig kan R være kulvannstoffresiduet av en fettsyre RCOOH som har 11—25 kullstoffatomer, og mest hensiktsmessig residuet av oleinsyre, stearinsyre eller kokosnøtt-fettsyre (de fettsyrer som fåes fra kokos-nøttolje). Fortrinnsvis er X et oksygenert kullvannstoffradikal som ikke har mere enn fem kullstoffatomer, spesielt -CH2CH2The additives can naturally consist of a mixture of molecules of formula I in which R and X have different values. Advantageously, R can be the hydrocarbon residue of a fatty acid RCOOH having 11-25 carbon atoms, and most suitably the residue of oleic acid, stearic acid or coconut fatty acid (the fatty acids obtained from coconut oil). Preferably, X is an oxygenated carbon hydrogen radical having no more than five carbon atoms, in particular -CH2CH2
OH. OH.
Ifølge en modifikasjon av oppfinnelsen kan bensinen i stedet for eller i tillegg til en forbindelse av formel I, inneholde en liten mengde av et fettsyresalt av en slik forbindelse, f. eks. et oleinsyre-, stearinsyre-eller kokosnøtt-fettsyresalt. Forbind-eiser med formel I er, når de er forbundet med fettsyrer, effektive korrosjonshindrere i brennstoffer. According to a modification of the invention, instead of or in addition to a compound of formula I, the petrol may contain a small amount of a fatty acid salt of such a compound, e.g. an oleic, stearic or coconut fatty acid salt. Compound ices of formula I are, when combined with fatty acids, effective corrosion inhibitors in fuels.
Det er kjent at det er fordelaktig å It is known that it is beneficial to
sette små mengder av visse substituerte imidazolindikarbonater til bensin for det formål å redusere bensinens tendens til å adding small amounts of certain substituted imidazole dicarbonates to gasoline for the purpose of reducing the gasoline's tendency to
danne avsetninger når den er i bruk. Det er imidlertid ikke kjent å tilsette imidazo- form deposits when in use. However, it is not known to add imidazo-
liner til bensin som har høy flyktighet, dvs. liners for gasoline that has a high volatility, i.e.
hvorav minst 50 volumprosent destillerer over ved 100° C for å hindre forgasserising. of which at least 50 percent by volume distills over at 100° C to prevent gasification.
Det er også kjent at visse slike substituerte imidazoliner er korrosjonshindrende. It is also known that certain such substituted imidazolines are corrosion inhibitors.
Den totale mengde av tilsetningen skal The total quantity of the additive shall
i ethvert tilfelle være fortrinnsvis fra 0,0005 in any case preferably be from 0.0005
til 0,05 volumprosent spesielt 0,0005 til 0,02 volumprosent. to 0.05% by volume, especially 0.0005 to 0.02% by volume.
Tilsetningene er blandbare med andre The additives are mixable with others
vanlige bensintilsetninger, slik som anti-bankemidler, anti-oksydasjonsmidler, smø- common petrol additives, such as anti-knock agents, anti-oxidation agents, lubricants
remidler for øvre sylinder eller tennkon-trolltilsetninger. upper cylinder remediants or ignition control additives.
Det ble utført et antall prøver for å bestemme isingstiden for en bensin, og den samme bensin inneholdt forskjellige anti-ise-tilsetninger, slik som angitt. Bensinen var en typisk britisk førsteklasses motor- A number of tests were conducted to determine the icing time of a gasoline, and the same gasoline contained various anti-icing additives, as indicated. The petrol was a typical British premium engine-
bensin (54 volumprosent destillert over ved 100° C). Lufttilførselen til motoren ble trukket gjennom et istårn som var omtrent 180 cm høyt og 30 cm i diameter og istiden er definert som den tid det tar for motor- petrol (54% by volume distilled over at 100° C). The air supply to the engine was drawn through an ice tower which was approximately 180 cm high and 30 cm in diameter and the ice time is defined as the time it takes for the engine
ens hastighet å falle fra en begynnelse på one's speed of falling from a beginning at
2700 omdreininger pr. minutt til 2000 omdreininger pr. minutt. 2700 revolutions per minute to 2000 revolutions per minute.
De anvendte tilsetninger var som føl- The additives used were as follows
ger: gives:
A. Isopropanol. A. Isopropanol.
B. Heksylenglykol. B. Hexylene glycol.
C. 1 - (2-hydroksyetyl) -2-oleylimidazolin- C. 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-oleylimidazoline-
2, dvs. forbindelse med formel I, hvori R er kullvannstoffresiduet av oleinsyre, 2, i.e. compound of formula I, in which R is the carbon hydrogen residue of oleic acid,
dvs. CH:,(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7-, og X er i.e. CH:,(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7-, and X is
-CH2CH2OH. -CH 2 CH 2 OH.
D. Oleinsyresaltet av C. (Dette ble frem- D. The oleic acid salt of C. (This was pre-
stilt ved å blande tilsetning C med en lik mengde oleinsyre). prepared by mixing additive C with an equal amount of oleic acid).
Resultatene av prøvene er angitt i følg- The results of the tests are indicated as follows-
ende tabell. Isingstiden som er oppgitt er i hvert tilfelle gjennomsnittet av tre forsøk. end table. The icing time stated is in each case the average of three trials.
En bensinblanding som har en isings- A gasoline mixture that has an icing
tid på mer enn 60 minutter i ovenstående prøve er kjent som å gi tilfredsstillende resultater i teknisk bruk og det vil sees at blandingen ifølge foreliggende oppfin- time of more than 60 minutes in the above test is known to give satisfactory results in technical use and it will be seen that the mixture according to the present invention
nelse (blandingene som inneholder tilset- nelse (the mixtures containing addi-
ningene C og D) var særlig tilfredsstillende endog når de inneholdt bare små mengder tilsetning. nings C and D) were particularly satisfactory even when they contained only small amounts of additive.
For å bestemme virkningen av vann på bensinblandingene ifølge foreliggende opp- To determine the effect of water on the gasoline mixtures according to the present op-
finnelse, ble følgende prøve utført. invention, the following test was carried out.
En prøve av motorbensin inneholdende A sample of motor gasoline containing
0,0025 % tilsetning C ble omrørt i 15 minut- 0.0025% addition C was stirred for 15 min-
ter i en metalltrommel med 5 volumprosent vann. Trommelen ble deretter hensatt i 72 ter in a metal drum with 5% water by volume. The drum was then set aside in 72
timer, hvoretter det ble tatt ut en del av bensinlaget. Dennes isingstid ble bestemt på hours, after which part of the petrol layer was withdrawn. Its ice age was determined on
samme måte som ovenfor, og det ble fun- same way as above, and it was fun-
net at denne tid var fremdeles mer enn 60 minutter. Dette resultat antyder at net that this time was still more than 60 minutes. This result suggests that
brennstoffblandinger ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse ikke vil få noen vesentlig re- fuel mixtures according to the present invention will not have any significant re-
duksjon i sin effektivitet under teknisk lagring i metalllfat i nærvær av vann. duction in its effectiveness during technical storage in metal barrels in the presence of water.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT1982770 | 1970-01-27 | ||
IT1992170 | 1970-01-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO130299B true NO130299B (en) | 1974-08-12 |
Family
ID=26327322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO00217/71A NO130299B (en) | 1970-01-27 | 1971-01-21 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3684018A (en) |
BE (1) | BE762012A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2103385A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2077046A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1311602A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7100798A (en) |
NO (1) | NO130299B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4932494A (en) * | 1972-07-24 | 1974-03-25 | ||
US4446923A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1984-05-08 | Walter Kidde & Co., Inc. | Removal of explosive or combustible gas or vapors from tanks and other enclosed spaces |
US4402364A (en) * | 1981-12-17 | 1983-09-06 | Max Klein | Fire extinguishing method |
WO1994009852A1 (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 1994-05-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Viscoelastic surfactant based foam fluids |
US5258137A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1993-11-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Viscoelastic surfactant based foam fluids |
US5080177A (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1992-01-14 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Fire extinguishing methods utilizing 1-bromo-1,1,2,2-tetra-fluoroethane |
US5945025A (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 1999-08-31 | Cunningham; James A. | Fire extinguishing composition and method for fire extinguishing |
US20070085060A1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-19 | Dario Santoro | Method of making a fire extinguishing chemical |
JP2010513026A (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2010-04-30 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | Flow coating method using edge guide fluid |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2653130A (en) * | 1951-05-17 | 1953-09-22 | Du Pont | Fire extinguishing composition of cbrf or cfbrcfbr containing cf as a propellant |
US3186943A (en) * | 1961-12-11 | 1965-06-01 | Safety Dev Corp | Foam method for atmosphere control |
US3258423A (en) * | 1963-09-04 | 1966-06-28 | Richard L Tuve | Method of extinguishing liquid hydrocarbon fires |
GB1132636A (en) * | 1965-09-22 | 1968-11-06 | Montedison Spa | Improvements in or relating to flame-extinguishing compositions |
US3422011A (en) * | 1966-05-03 | 1969-01-14 | Kidde & Co Walter | Foam producing material |
AT281611B (en) * | 1968-04-29 | 1970-05-25 | Minimax Ag In Urach Und Henkel | Improved foam producing concentrate for fire extinguishing purposes |
US3562156A (en) * | 1969-06-12 | 1971-02-09 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Fire extinguishing composition comprising a fluoroaliphatic surfactant and a fluorine-free surfactant |
-
1971
- 1971-01-21 NO NO00217/71A patent/NO130299B/no unknown
- 1971-01-21 NL NL7100798A patent/NL7100798A/xx unknown
- 1971-01-25 BE BE762012A patent/BE762012A/en unknown
- 1971-01-25 US US109620A patent/US3684018A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-01-26 DE DE19712103385 patent/DE2103385A1/en active Pending
- 1971-01-27 FR FR7102693A patent/FR2077046A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-04-19 GB GB2029471A patent/GB1311602A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2103385A1 (en) | 1971-07-29 |
BE762012A (en) | 1971-07-26 |
NL7100798A (en) | 1971-07-29 |
FR2077046A5 (en) | 1971-10-15 |
GB1311602A (en) | 1973-03-28 |
US3684018A (en) | 1972-08-15 |
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