NO129400B - - Google Patents
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- NO129400B NO129400B NO03414/71A NO341471A NO129400B NO 129400 B NO129400 B NO 129400B NO 03414/71 A NO03414/71 A NO 03414/71A NO 341471 A NO341471 A NO 341471A NO 129400 B NO129400 B NO 129400B
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- Prior art keywords
- product
- precipitate
- amount
- added
- color
- Prior art date
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001759 cerium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/206—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion
- C01F17/224—Oxides or hydroxides of lanthanides
- C01F17/235—Cerium oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte for forbedring av 'hvitheten hos ceriumoksyd. Method for improving the whiteness of cerium oxide.
Formålet med nærværende oppfinnelse er å fremskaffe en fremgangsmåte for forbedring av hvitheten til ceriumoksyd. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the whiteness of cerium oxide.
Det er kjent at fargen til jevnt ren 99,9 %) ceriumoksyd varierer fra grbnngul til gråhvit avhengig av fremstillingsbe-, tingelsene. Denne variasjon kan skyldes det faktum at CeO^ og 06203/ hvorav den sistnevnte er olivengrbnn, danner lignende krystallgittere med dét resultat at fargen.til ceriumoksydet varierer avhengig av forholdet mellom oksygen og cerium i krystall-gitteret. It is known that the color of uniformly pure 99.9%) cerium oxide varies from greenish-yellow to gray-white depending on the manufacturing conditions. This variation may be due to the fact that CeO^ and O6203/, the latter of which is olive green, form similar crystal lattices with the result that the color of the cerium oxide varies depending on the ratio between oxygen and cerium in the crystal lattice.
Ceriumoksyd anvendes vanligvis i keramisk industri og ved fremstilling av optikk-glass, og i disse prosesser er det meget viktig at ceriumoksydet er så hvitt som mulig. Cerium oxide is usually used in the ceramic industry and in the manufacture of optical glass, and in these processes it is very important that the cerium oxide is as white as possible.
Danne oppfinnelse fremskaffer en prosess som i betydelig grad forbedrer hvitheten til rent ceriumoksyd. Dette oppnås ved å blande små mengder av forskjellige additiver med våt cerium- This invention provides a process which significantly improves the whiteness of pure cerium oxide. This is achieved by mixing small amounts of various additives with wet cerium-
3+ 3+
oksalat, som er utfelt fra Ce -losning med oksalsyre og deretter vasket. Etter dette kalsineres blandingen til CeC^ oxalate, which is precipitated from Ce solution with oxalic acid and then washed. After this, the mixture is calcined to CeC^
ved 900°C. Additivene kan vaskes bort fra det kalsinerte produktet, og i så tilfelle forbedres hvitheten ytterligere. at 900°C. The additives can be washed away from the calcined product, in which case the whiteness is further improved.
Man har lagt merke til at bare en nøytralisering forbedrer hvitheten, men de beste resultater oppnås ved å kombinere effektene som oppnås ved noytralisering og additiver. It has been noted that neutralization alone improves whiteness, but the best results are obtained by combining the effects of neutralization and additives.
Aluminiumnitrat alene eller sammen med natriumborat eller natriumsilikat, natriumsulikat alene, eller magnesiumoksyd alene kan anvendes som additiver. Den nodvendige mangden additiver er 0,1 - 0, 5 % av mengden CeC^. Aluminum nitrate alone or together with sodium borate or sodium silicate, sodium silicate alone, or magnesium oxide alone can be used as additives. The required amount of additives is 0.1 - 0.5% of the amount of CeC^.
Noytraliseringen til pH 7 kan utfores med et eller annet alka-lisk materiale, såsom alkalihydroksyd, eller alkalioksalat, acetat, formiat eller noe annet salt av en organisk syre. Man må imidlertid stille det krav til nbytralisasjonsmaterialet at det ikke danner en forbindelse med CeC^ eller at det etter-later fargede forurensninger i oksydet, og at det kan vaskes bort med vann etter kalsineringen, Kaliumhydroksyd har vist seg som det mest hensiktsmessige nbytralisasjonsmaterialet. The neutralization to pH 7 can be carried out with some other alkaline material, such as alkali hydroxide, or alkali oxalate, acetate, formate or some other salt of an organic acid. However, one must make the requirement for the nbytralization material that it does not form a compound with CeC^ or that it leaves colored impurities in the oxide, and that it can be washed away with water after calcination. Potassium hydroxide has proven to be the most suitable nbytralization material.
Fblgende eksempler skal illustrere fremgangsmåten: The following examples shall illustrate the procedure:
Fremstilling av ceriumoksalat: Preparation of cerium oxalate:
Til tre liter Ce(NO^)^-lbsning, som inneholder 100 g cerium pr. liter og så lite andre lantanoner at de ikke kunne påvises ved hjelp av rbntgen-fluorescens-analyser, ble det tilsatt en slik mengde krystallinsk oksalsyre og 25%-ig NH^ at i hovedsak all cerium ble utfelt som et oksalat. pH i bunnfallet var 0,9. Det erholdte oksalat-presipitatet ble separert ved hjelp av filtrer-ing, vasket 3 ganger ved skylling i 600 ml vann, og deretter sugd så tort som mulig ved hjelp av et vakuumfilter. Det erholdte bunnfallet inneholdt 50% H20 og resten ceriumoksalat, hvorved Ce02-innholdet var 25%. Utbyttet var 1440 g. Presipitatet ble oppdelt i tolv like deler og behandlet i fblgende nedenstående eksempler. For three liters of Ce(NO^)^-lbsning, which contains 100 g of cerium per liter and so little other lanthanones that they could not be detected by means of x-ray fluorescence analyses, such an amount of crystalline oxalic acid and 25% NH^ was added that essentially all the cerium was precipitated as an oxalate. The pH in the precipitate was 0.9. The oxalate precipitate obtained was separated by means of filtration, washed 3 times by rinsing in 600 ml of water, and then sucked as dry as possible by means of a vacuum filter. The precipitate obtained contained 50% H20 and the rest cerium oxalate, whereby the Ce02 content was 25%. The yield was 1440 g. The precipitate was divided into twelve equal parts and treated in the following examples below.
EKSEMPEL 1 EXAMPLE 1
Presipitatet ble kalsinert som sådant til ceriumoksyd ved opp-varming i 45 minutter ved 900°C. Etter kjoling ble produktets refleksjon målt ved hjelp av en "Elropho" hvithetsmåler ved å anvende et Y-filter. Refleksjonen var 58,5 % når refleksjons-verdien til MgO som ble anvendt som en standard, var 100%. Ifblge visuell bedbmming var produktet gult. The precipitate was calcined as such to cerium oxide by heating for 45 minutes at 900°C. After dressing, the product's reflectance was measured using an "Elropho" whiteness meter using a Y filter. The reflection was 58.5% when the reflection value of MgO used as a standard was 100%. According to visual assessment, the product was yellow.
EKSEMPEL 2 EXAMPLE 2
Kaliumhydroksyd ble tilsatt til presipitatet inntil dets pH Potassium hydroxide was added to the precipitate until its pH
var 7, og en mengde Al203 ble tilsatt i form av aluminiumnitrat ekvivalent med 0,1 % Ce02. Videre fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. Refleksjonen var 78,1 %. was 7, and an amount of Al 2 O 3 was added in the form of aluminum nitrate equivalent to 0.1% CeO 2 . Further procedure as in example 1. The reflection was 78.1%.
Det kalsinerte produktet ble vasket med varmt vann hvorved refleksjonen bkte til 81,2 %. Produktets farge var nesten hvit. The calcined product was washed with hot water whereby the reflectance increased to 81.2%. The color of the product was almost white.
EKSEMPEL 3 EXAMPLE 3
Kaliumhydroksyd ble tilsatt til presipitatet til dets pH var Potassium hydroxide was added to the precipitate until its pH was
7, og en mengde A1203 ble tilsatt i form"av aluminiumnitrat ekvivalent med 0,5 % Ce02. Videre fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. Refleksjonen var 77,8 %. Produktets farge var nesten hvit. 7, and an amount of Al2O3 was added in the form of aluminum nitrate equivalent to 0.5% CeO2. Further procedure as in Example 1. The reflection was 77.8%. The color of the product was almost white.
EKSEMPEL 4 EXAMPLE 4
En mengde Al203 i form av aluminiumnitrat ekvivalent med 0,1 % Ce02/ og en mengde natriumborat ekvivalent med 0,5 % Ce02 hie tilsatt til presipitatet. Videre fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. Refleksjonen var 72,6 %. Produktet var gult. An amount of Al 2 O 3 in the form of aluminum nitrate equivalent to 0.1% CeO 2 / and an amount of sodium borate equivalent to 0.5% CeO 2 hie added to the precipitate. Further procedure as in example 1. The reflection was 72.6%. The product was yellow.
EKSEMPEL 5 EXAMPLE 5
En mengde Al203 i form av aluminiumnitrat ekvivalent med 0,5 % Ce02, og en mengde natriumborat ekvivalent med 0,5 % Ceo2 ble tilsatt til presipitatet. Videre fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. An amount of Al 2 O 3 in the form of aluminum nitrate equivalent to 0.5% CeO 2 and an amount of sodium borate equivalent to 0.5% Ceo 2 was added to the precipitate. Further procedure as in example 1.
Refleksjonen var 68,9 %. Produktets farge var gul. The reflection was 68.9%. The product's color was yellow.
EKSEMPEL 6 EXAMPLE 6
En mengde natriumsilikat ekvivalent med 0,1 % Ce02 ble tilsatt til presipitatet, og presipitatet ble nøytralisert til pH 7. Videre fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. Refleksjonen var 78,9 %. Produktets farge var gulaktig. An amount of sodium silicate equivalent to 0.1% Ce02 was added to the precipitate, and the precipitate was neutralized to pH 7. Further procedure as in example 1. The reflection was 78.9%. The color of the product was yellowish.
EKSEMPEL 7 EXAMPLE 7
Som eksempel 6, men tilsetningen av natriumsilikat var 0,5 % As Example 6, but the addition of sodium silicate was 0.5%
av mengden Ce02- Refleksjonen var 77,4 %. Produktets farge var gulaktig. of the amount of Ce02- The reflection was 77.4%. The color of the product was yellowish.
EKSEMPEL 8 EXAMPLE 8
En mengde A^O^ i form av aluminiumnitrat ekvivalent med 0,1 % Ce02 og en mengde natriumsilikat ekvivalent med 0,5 % ce02 ble tilsatt presipitatet, og presipitatet ble nbytralisert til pH 7. Videre fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. Refleksjonen var 79,0 %. Produktets farge var gulaktig. An amount of A^O^ in the form of aluminum nitrate equivalent to 0.1% Ce02 and an amount of sodium silicate equivalent to 0.5% ce02 was added to the precipitate, and the precipitate was neutralized to pH 7. Further procedure as in example 1. The reflection was 79 .0%. The color of the product was yellowish.
EKSEMPEL 9 EXAMPLE 9
Som eksempel 8, men A^O^-tilsetningen var ekvivalent med 0,5 % av mengden Ce02« Refleksjonen var 82,4 %. Produktets farge var nesten hvit. Etter kalsinering ble produktet vasket med varmt vann og tbrket. Refleksjonen bkte til 83,6 %. Produkt-fargen var hvit. As Example 8, but the A 2 O 2 addition was equivalent to 0.5% of the amount of CeO 2 . The reflectance was 82.4%. The color of the product was almost white. After calcination, the product was washed with hot water and dried. The reflection increased to 83.6%. The product color was white.
EKSEMPEL 10 EXAMPLE 10
Presipitatet ble nbytralisert til pH 7, og kalsinert 45 minutter ved 900°C. Produktets refleksjon var 73,6 %. En vasking med varmt vann etter kalsineringen bkte refleksjonen til det torre produktet til 75,3 %. The precipitate was neutralized to pH 7, and calcined for 45 minutes at 900°C. The product's reflectance was 73.6%. A hot water wash after calcination reduced the reflectance of the dry product to 75.3%.
EKSEMPEL 11 EXAMPLE 11
En mengde MgO ekvivalent med 0,1 % Ce02 ■b^e tilsatt til presipitatet, og presipitatet ble nbytralisert til pH 7. Videre . fremgangsmåte som i eksempel 1. Refleksjonen var 76,9 %. Produktets farge var lys gul. An amount of MgO equivalent to 0.1% CeO 2 was added to the precipitate, and the precipitate was neutralized to pH 7. Furthermore. procedure as in example 1. The reflection was 76.9%. The color of the product was light yellow.
EKSEMPEL 12 EXAMPLE 12
Som i eksempel 11, men MgO-tilsetningen var ekvivalent med 0,5 % Ce02« Refleksjonen var 73,1 %. Produktets farge var gul. As in Example 11, but the MgO addition was equivalent to 0.5% CeO 2 . The reflectance was 73.1%. The product's color was yellow.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI702529A FI46249C (en) | 1970-09-15 | 1970-09-15 | Process for improving the whiteness of ceria |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO129400B true NO129400B (en) | 1974-04-08 |
Family
ID=8507237
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO03414/71A NO129400B (en) | 1970-09-15 | 1971-09-14 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2145820C3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI46249C (en) |
GB (1) | GB1338919A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7112704A (en) |
NO (1) | NO129400B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2472601A1 (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-07-03 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CERIUM POLISHING COMPOSITIONS |
FR2545830B1 (en) * | 1983-05-13 | 1986-01-03 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | NOVEL CERIUM-BASED POLISHING COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
FR2661674B1 (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1994-04-08 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DOUBLE RARE EARTH OXALATES, AND AMMONIUM AND THEIR USES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RARE EARTH OXIDES, DOUBLE OXALATES AND OXIDES OBTAINED. |
-
1970
- 1970-09-15 FI FI702529A patent/FI46249C/en active
-
1971
- 1971-09-14 GB GB4284171A patent/GB1338919A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-14 NO NO03414/71A patent/NO129400B/no unknown
- 1971-09-14 DE DE2145820A patent/DE2145820C3/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-15 NL NL7112704A patent/NL7112704A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI46249C (en) | 1973-02-12 |
DE2145820C3 (en) | 1975-04-17 |
GB1338919A (en) | 1973-11-28 |
NL7112704A (en) | 1972-03-17 |
DE2145820B2 (en) | 1974-08-15 |
FI46249B (en) | 1972-10-31 |
DE2145820A1 (en) | 1972-03-16 |
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