NO127359B - - Google Patents

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NO127359B
NO127359B NO04205/68A NO420568A NO127359B NO 127359 B NO127359 B NO 127359B NO 04205/68 A NO04205/68 A NO 04205/68A NO 420568 A NO420568 A NO 420568A NO 127359 B NO127359 B NO 127359B
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hydrochloride
biguanide
filtered
mixture
insulin
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NO04205/68A
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George Molyneux
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George Molyneux
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/943Building elements specially adapted therefor elongated
    • E04B1/944Building elements specially adapted therefor elongated covered with fire-proofing material

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Description

Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av et biguanid og salter derav. Process for the preparation of a biguanide and its salts.

Oppfinnelsen angår fremstilling av et biguanid og salter derav, som har den evne å kunne senke sukkerinnholdet i blod. The invention relates to the production of a biguanide and salts thereof, which have the ability to lower the sugar content in blood.

I mange år har den beste måte å be-handle hyperglykemi i forbindelse med diabetes mellitus bestått i å anvende inji-serbart insulin. Denne metode har vært meget tilfredsstillende og har forlenget livet og helsen hos hundretusen av diabe-tikere. Men bruken av insulin ved injek-sjon har visse ulemper. Da diabetikertil-standen er kronisk, krever den konstante, og som regel daglige insulininjeksjoner. Det har vært vanlig å la pasienten selv foreta sine injeksjoner, hvilket medfører fare for at han anvender uriktige doser og at injeksjoner ikke foregår septisk. Det insulin som nå kan skaffes blir dårligere ved henstand, og hvis den ikke holdes riktig avkjølet, mister den sin kraft med ti-den. En ytterligere fare som er forbundet med bruk av insulin er den, at for å få insulin som er lenge aktiv, anvendes det ofte suspensjoner av aktivt insulin (NPH-insulin), og uriktig gjensuspendering av disse insuliner medfører at det gis større eller mindre enn de foreskrevne doser, målt som volumetrisk dosis av et varier-bart suspendert insulin. For many years, the best way to treat hyperglycaemia in connection with diabetes mellitus has been to use injectable insulin. This method has been very satisfactory and has prolonged the life and health of hundreds of thousands of diabetics. But the use of insulin by injection has certain disadvantages. As the diabetic condition is chronic, it requires constant, and usually daily, insulin injections. It has been common to let the patient make his own injections, which entails the risk that he uses incorrect doses and that injections do not take place septically. The insulin that can now be obtained deteriorates with delay, and if it is not kept properly cooled, it loses its power over time. A further danger associated with the use of insulin is that, in order to obtain insulin that is active for a long time, suspensions of active insulin (NPH insulin) are often used, and incorrect resuspension of these insulins means that more or less than the prescribed doses, measured as a volumetric dose of a variable suspended insulin.

Med bruken av insulin er det også forbundet den faktor at den daglige fy-siske og emosjonelle påkjenning for å kunne leve videre, krever ekstra mengder av insulin. Dette betinger at legen eller pasienten må foreta beregninger eller ekstra injeksjoner. Andre faktorer som er forbundet med bruk av insulin består i at den medfører vanskeligheter med hensyn til pasientens økonomi, psykologiske og mentale tilstand, hvilket vanskeliggjør riktig terapi når insulininjeksjoner anvendes. Insulinterapi ved hjelp av injeksjoner medfører også store lemper for individer som ikke bor hjemme, og som møter det problem å skulle foreta aseptiske injeksjoner med et stoff som krever konstant avkj øling. With the use of insulin there is also the factor that the daily physical and emotional stress in order to live on requires extra amounts of insulin. This means that the doctor or the patient must make calculations or extra injections. Other factors associated with the use of insulin consist in the fact that it causes difficulties with regard to the patient's finances, psychological and mental state, which makes correct therapy difficult when insulin injections are used. Insulin therapy by means of injections also means great relief for individuals who do not live at home, and who face the problem of having to make aseptic injections with a substance that requires constant cooling.

Disse ulemper ville kunne overvinnes ved en oralterapi, hvor det anvendes tab-letter som inneholder en angitt mengde av en aktiv, stabil bestanddel. These disadvantages could be overcome by an oral therapy, where tablets are used that contain a specified amount of an active, stable component.

Ennvidere har de således fremstilte biguanidforbindelser den egenskap at deres hypoglykemiske virkning hurtig kan reverseres ved inngivning av glukose eller annet hurtig assimiliserbart kullhydrat. Det er vel kjent at det i insulinterapien består den fare at en overdosering kan medføre en så farlig senkning av blodsuk-kerinnholdet, at den medfører død. En slik hypoglykemisk reaksjon i forbindelse med overdosering av insulin kan korrigeres ved tilførsel av et kullhydrat. Det er også i oralterapi nødvendig å bruke et liknende korreksjonsstoff for det tilfelle at overdosering inntrer. Furthermore, the thus produced biguanide compounds have the property that their hypoglycaemic effect can be rapidly reversed by the administration of glucose or other rapidly assimilable carbohydrate. It is well known that in insulin therapy there is a danger that an overdose can lead to such a dangerous lowering of the blood sugar content that it leads to death. Such a hypoglycaemic reaction in connection with an overdose of insulin can be corrected by supplying a carbohydrate. It is also necessary in oral therapy to use a similar correction substance in the event that an overdose occurs.

Oppfinnerne har funnet at preparater som inneholder visse biguanidderivater og salter av disse er effektive som orale hypoglykemiske midler. The inventors have found that preparations containing certain biguanide derivatives and salts thereof are effective as oral hypoglycemic agents.

De substituerte biguanider som kan fremstilles i henhold til oppfinnelsen har den følgende generelle struktur hvor: (a) R, representerer alkyl med 4— 5 kullstoffatomer og R2 er hydrogen, eller (b) R, reresenterer p-fenetyl og substituert benzyl, idet substituentene er halogen eller metoksy, og R., er hydrogen, eller (c) R1 er benzyl og R2 er metyl. The substituted biguanides that can be prepared according to the invention have the following general structure where: (a) R, represents alkyl with 4-5 carbon atoms and R2 is hydrogen, or (b) R, represents p-phenethyl and substituted benzyl, the substituents is halogen or methoxy, and R 1 is hydrogen, or (c) R 1 is benzyl and R 2 is methyl.

I henhold til Chemical Abstracts num-meres de substituerte biguanider på føl-gende måte: hvis man begynner med ett av ende-nitrogenatomene, i det forelig-gende eksempel nitrogen ved den venstre ende av strukturformelen og dette gis nummeret 1, blir de øvrige nitrogenatomer nummerert 2, 3, 4 og 5, regnet fra venstre mot høyre. Biguanidene i henhold til oppfinnelsen krever at minst ett av endeni-trogenatomene, for eksempel Nt, som i det følgende kalles N', er substituert med R^ og at den gjenværende stilling på dette nitrogenatom kan være substituert (R, = metyl) eller forbli usubstituert (R, = H). According to Chemical Abstracts, the substituted biguanides are numbered as follows: if one starts with one of the end nitrogen atoms, in the present example nitrogen at the left end of the structural formula and this is given the number 1, the other nitrogen atoms become numbered 2, 3, 4 and 5, counting from left to right. The biguanides according to the invention require that at least one of the end nitrogen atoms, for example Nt, which is called N' in the following, is substituted with R^ and that the remaining position on this nitrogen atom can be substituted (R, = methyl) or remain unsubstituted (R, = H).

Alle biguanidene som oppfinnelsen dreier seg om er forholdsvis sterke baser og danner stabile salter med anorganiske og organiske syrer, og følgelig anvendes biguanidene hensiktsmessig i form av deres salter. Disse biguanider kan også fremstilles og anvendes i form av syreaddisjons-salter. De syrer som kan anvendes til å fremstille syreaddisjonssaltene er hensiktsmessig sådanne som — når de forenes med den fri base, gir salter hvis anioner er forholdsvis uskadelige for animalske organismer når de anvendes i terapeutiske doser, slik at de gode fysiologiske egenskaper hos den fri base ikke nedsettes på grunn av sidevirkninger som kan til-skrives anionene. Egnede syretilsetnings-salter er for eksempel slike som fåes ved hjelp av anorganiske syrer som klorvannstoff-, bromvannstoffsyre, salpetersyre, fosforsyrer og svovelsyrer, eller organiske syrer som for eksempel eddiksyre, citron-syre, vinsyre, melkesyre, glykolsyre, beta-etoksypropionsyre, amino- og sulfonsyrer. Videre kan det anvendes sure kvelstoff-holdige forbindelser av den art som kan addere seg til biguanidbasene, for eksempel teofyllin, substituerte teofylliner og liknende puriner, sakkarin, ftalimid, benzo-oksanin-2,4-dion og substituerte benzo-oksazin-2,4-dioner, N-p-metylbenzosulfo-nyl-N'-n-butyl-urinstoff, barbitursyre og substituerte barbitursyrer, eller merkap-tobenzotiazoler og liknende. Anvendt i form av sitt salt er biguanidbasen den ak-tive del av molekylet som frembringer den blodsukkersenkende virkning, men saltfor-bindelsen kan også ha slike terapeutiske egenskaper som for eksempel å bevirke større absorpsjon, langsommere eller hur-tigere absorpsjon osv., og passende valg av saltene kan også gi praktiske fordeler som for eksempel øket eller nedsatt oppløselig-het i fysiologisk miljø, samt mindre føl-somhet like overfor fuktighet. All the biguanides to which the invention relates are relatively strong bases and form stable salts with inorganic and organic acids, and consequently the biguanides are suitably used in the form of their salts. These biguanides can also be prepared and used in the form of acid addition salts. The acids which can be used to prepare the acid addition salts are suitably those which - when combined with the free base, give salts whose anions are relatively harmless to animal organisms when used in therapeutic doses, so that the good physiological properties of the free base do not is reduced due to side effects that can be attributed to the anions. Suitable acid addition salts are, for example, those obtained with the help of inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acids and sulfuric acids, or organic acids such as acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, beta-ethoxypropionic acid, amino - and sulfonic acids. Furthermore, acidic nitrogen-containing compounds of the kind that can add to the biguanide bases can be used, for example theophylline, substituted theophyllines and similar purines, saccharin, phthalimide, benzo-oxanine-2,4-dione and substituted benzo-oxazin-2, 4-diones, N-p-methylbenzosulfonyl-N'-n-butylurea, barbituric acid and substituted barbituric acids, or mercaptobenzothiazoles and the like. Used in the form of its salt, the biguanide base is the active part of the molecule that produces the blood sugar-lowering effect, but the salt compound can also have such therapeutic properties as, for example, causing greater absorption, slower or faster absorption, etc., and appropriate choice of the salts can also provide practical advantages such as increased or decreased solubility in the physiological environment, as well as less sensitivity to moisture.

Biguanidene kan fremstilles på for-skjellige måter, som det vil fremgå av de følgende eksempler. Enkelte av forbindel-sene som anvendes som utgangsmateriale for syntese av biguanidene er kjent og kan fåes i handelen, mens andre kan fremstilles ved kjente metoder. Således gir sammensmeltning av ekvivalente mengder av et aminhydroklorid og et dicyandiamid i 0,5 — 3,0 timer ved 120—200° C. hydrokloridet av biguanidet, og i de tilfeller hvor aminhydrokloridet er et alifatisk amin The biguanides can be prepared in various ways, as will be seen from the following examples. Some of the compounds used as starting material for the synthesis of the biguanides are known and can be obtained commercially, while others can be prepared by known methods. Thus fusion of equivalent amounts of an amine hydrochloride and a dicyandiamide for 0.5 — 3.0 hours at 120—200° C. gives the hydrochloride of the biguanide, and in those cases where the amine hydrochloride is an aliphatic amine

kan reaksjonen illustreres ved følgende generelle skjema: the reaction can be illustrated by the following general scheme:

hvori R, og R2 har samme betydning som angitt foran. wherein R, and R2 have the same meaning as stated above.

Som regel kan hydrokloridet isoleres fra smelteblandingen ved omkrystallise-ring. Hvis hydrokloridet bare kan fås med vanskelighet eller med lite utbytte, vil behandling av en vandig oppløsning av smelteblandingen med et overskudd av vandig natriumnitrat bevirke utfelling av det mindre oppløselige substituerte bigua-nidin-salpetersyre-salt, som kan renses. Alternativt kan det foretas alkalisering og avkjøling av en vandig oppløsning av smelteblandingen med natriumhydroksyd, hvorved biguanidinet utfelles som fri base, som kan skilles fra og renses ved omkry-stallisering, samt omdannes til salt ved å behandles med en støkiometrisk mengde syre. As a rule, the hydrochloride can be isolated from the melt mixture by recrystallization. If the hydrochloride can be obtained only with difficulty or in low yield, treatment of an aqueous solution of the melt mixture with an excess of aqueous sodium nitrate will precipitate the less soluble substituted biguanidine nitric acid salt, which can be purified. Alternatively, an aqueous solution of the melt mixture can be alkalized and cooled with sodium hydroxide, whereby the biguanidine is precipitated as a free base, which can be separated and purified by recrystallization, and converted into a salt by treatment with a stoichiometric amount of acid.

Mere spesielt representeres biguanidene av de følgende formler: More particularly, the biguanides are represented by the following formulas:

hvor n betegner 1 eller 2, R, er hydrogen og Y er hydrogen, halogen eller metoksy, samt salter derav, eller hvor R, er alkyl med 4—5 kullstoff atomer, eller where n denotes 1 or 2, R is hydrogen and Y is hydrogen, halogen or methoxy, as well as salts thereof, or where R is alkyl with 4-5 carbon atoms, or

og disses salter. and their salts.

De følgende eksempler er illustrerende for oppfinnelsen: Eksempel 1. The following examples are illustrative of the invention: Example 1.

N'- fi- fenyletyl- biguanid- hydroklorid. N'-biphenylethyl biguanide hydrochloride.

15,76 g (3-fenyletylaminhydroklorid og 8,4 g dicyandiamid finmales og blandes grundig. Blandingen opphetes på oljebad i en trehalset flaske som er utstyrt med termometer og omrører. Blandingen be-gynte å smelte ved en badtemperatur på 125° C og var helt flytende ved 130° C. Ved videre opphetning til 145—150° C ble det startet en eksotermisk reaksjon og den smeltede blandings temperatur (156° C) ble 6° C større enn oljebadets (150° C). Opphetningen ble fortsatt i en time med en badtemperatur på 148-150° C. Reak-sjonsblandingene ble avkjølt, løst opp i ca. 100 ml metanol og filtrert. Metanolfiltra-tet ble konsentrert under nedsatt trykk, av-kjølt, og produktet, p-fenyletyl-biguanid- 15.76 g of (3-phenylethylamine hydrochloride) and 8.4 g of dicyandiamide are finely ground and thoroughly mixed. The mixture is heated on an oil bath in a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and stirrer. The mixture began to melt at a bath temperature of 125° C. and was completely liquid at 130° C. Upon further heating to 145-150° C, an exothermic reaction was started and the temperature of the molten mixture (156° C) became 6° C greater than that of the oil bath (150° C). The heating was continued for a hour with a bath temperature of 148-150° C. The reaction mixtures were cooled, dissolved in about 100 ml of methanol and filtered. The methanol filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, cooled, and the product, p-phenylethyl-biguanide

hydroklorid, ble filtrert fra og omkrystallisert fra 95 pst.'s isopropanol. hydrochloride, was filtered from and recrystallized from 95 percent isopropanol.

Analyse beregnet for C10<H>1GN5C1 : C =Analysis calculated for C10<H>1GN5C1 : C =

49,7, H = 6,7, N = 29,0. 49.7, H = 6.7, N = 29.0.

Funnet: C = 49,7; H = 6,7; N = 29,4. Found: C = 49.7; H = 6.7; N = 29.4.

Eksempel 2. Example 2.

N' - ( dietylmetyl)- biguanid- hydroklorid. N' - (diethylmethyl)- biguanide hydrochloride.

Hydrokloridet av 3-aminopentan ble fremstilt ved å lede tørt klorvannstoff inn i en eterisk oppløsning av aminet. Det utfelte hydroklorid ble filtrert fra og tørket. The hydrochloride of 3-aminopentane was prepared by passing dry hydrogen chloride into an ethereal solution of the amine. The precipitated hydrochloride was filtered off and dried.

43,5 g 3-aminopentanhydroklorid og 23,5 g dicyandiamid ble finmalt og blandet grundig. Blandingen ble opphetet langsomt under omrøring, på et oljebad. Etter en times forløp, ved ca. 150° C inn-trådte det en kraftig eksotermisk reaksjon hvoretter opphetningen fortsatte i ytterligere 20 minutter og temperaturen i mas-sen steg til 190° C (badtemperatur 170° C). Smelteblandingen ble avkjølt, oppløst i 1020 ml varm etanol, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Ved avkjøling til romtemperatur fikk man 29,2 g produkt, som ble omkrystallisert fra etanol (1 g pr. 30 ml opp-løsningsmiddel). 43.5 g of 3-aminopentane hydrochloride and 23.5 g of dicyandiamide were finely ground and thoroughly mixed. The mixture was heated slowly with stirring in an oil bath. After an hour, at approx. At 150° C, a strong exothermic reaction occurred, after which the heating continued for a further 20 minutes and the temperature in the mass rose to 190° C (bath temperature 170° C). The melt mixture was cooled, dissolved in 1020 ml of hot ethanol, treated with charcoal and filtered. On cooling to room temperature, 29.2 g of product was obtained, which was recrystallized from ethanol (1 g per 30 ml of solvent).

Analyse beregnet for C7H18N-C1: Analysis calculated for C7H18N-C1:

C = 40,5; H = 8,7; N = 33,7. C = 40.5; H = 8.7; N = 33.7.

Funnet: C = 40,8; H = 8,7 og N = 33,7. Found: C = 40.8; H = 8.7 and N = 33.7.

Eksempel 3. Example 3.

N'- p- klorbenzylbiguanid ( fri base). N'-p-chlorobenzylbiguanide (free base).

Hydrokloridet av p-klorbenzylamin ble fremstilt av den fri base, på den i eksempel 2 beskrevne måte. The hydrochloride of p-chlorobenzylamine was prepared from the free base, in the manner described in example 2.

17,1 g p-klorbenzylaminhydroklorid og 8,4 g dicyandiamid ble blandet og smeltet. Blandingen begynner å smelte og skumme ved 107° C (badet 130° C). Badtemperaturen ble hevet gradvis til ca. 170° C i løpet av 30 minutter, hvoretter det inn-trådte en eksotermisk reaksjon, hvorunder den indre temperatur steg til 176° C (badet 173° C). Den mørkebrune reaksjons-blanding ble opphetet i ytterligere 3 minutter. Smeiten ble avkjølt og løst opp i 110 ml propanol, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Ved avkjøling falt det ut p-klorbenzylbiguanid som ble filtrert fra, løst opp i 75 ml varmt vann, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Filtratet ble avkjølt og tilsatt 10 ml 40 pst.'s natriumhydroksyd, hvorved 17.1 g of p-chlorobenzylamine hydrochloride and 8.4 g of dicyandiamide were mixed and melted. The mixture begins to melt and foam at 107° C (bath 130° C). The bath temperature was raised gradually to approx. 170° C during 30 minutes, after which an exothermic reaction occurred, during which the internal temperature rose to 176° C (bath 173° C). The dark brown reaction mixture was heated for an additional 3 minutes. The mixture was cooled and dissolved in 110 ml of propanol, treated with charcoal and filtered. On cooling, p-chlorobenzylbiguanide precipitated, which was filtered off, dissolved in 75 ml of hot water, treated with charcoal and filtered. The filtrate was cooled and 10 ml of 40% sodium hydroxide was added, whereby

den fri base ble utfelt og fikk krystallisere ved 5° C. Den urene base ble filtrert fra, løst opp i varmt vann, behandlet med kull, the free base was precipitated and allowed to crystallize at 5° C. The impure base was filtered off, dissolved in hot water, treated with charcoal,

filtrert og avkjølt. Den derved utfelte fri base ble filtrert fra. filtered and cooled. The thereby precipitated free base was filtered off.

Analyse beregnet for CgH^NgCl: C = 48,0; H = 5,4. Analysis calculated for CgH^NgCl: C = 48.0; H = 5.4.

Funnet: C = 48,0; H = 5,2. Found: C = 48.0; H = 5.2.

Eksempel 4. Example 4.

N'- benzyl, N'- metylbiguanid- eddiksyresalt. N'-benzyl, N'-methylbiguanide-acetic acid salt.

Hydrokloridet av N-metylbenzylamin ble fremstilt av den fri base på den i eksempel 2 angitte måte. The hydrochloride of N-methylbenzylamine was prepared from the free base in the manner indicated in Example 2.

62,8 g N-metylbenzylaminhydroklorid og 33,6 g dicyandiamid ble blandet og smeltet. Blandingen begynner å smelte ved 80° C og er fullt smeltet ved 126° C (badet 139° C). Badtemperaturen ble gradvis hevet til 160° C i løpet av 25 minutter. Opphetningen (badtemperatur 160—168° C) ble fortsatt i ytterligere 2 y4 time. Det avkjølte smelteprodukt ble løst opp i vann, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Det vandige filt-rat ble behandlet med 80 ml 40 pst.'s natriumhydroksyd under avkjøling og omrø-ring. Det skilte seg ut en gulaktig olje som stivnet til et mykt, fast stoff ved henstand ved 5° C. Det faste, fri basestoff ble skilt fra, løst opp i 380 ml acetonitril og filtrert. Oppløsningen ble behandlet med 10 ml is-eddik under omrøring. Det skilte seg ut en hvit utfelling som ble filtrert fra, skyllet med acetonitril, filtrert og tørket, og produktet ble omkrystallisert fra isopropylal-kohol. 62.8 g of N-methylbenzylamine hydrochloride and 33.6 g of dicyandiamide were mixed and melted. The mixture begins to melt at 80° C and is fully melted at 126° C (bath 139° C). The bath temperature was gradually raised to 160° C over the course of 25 minutes. The heating (bath temperature 160-168° C) was continued for a further 2 and 4 hours. The cooled melt product was dissolved in water, treated with charcoal and filtered. The aqueous filtrate was treated with 80 ml of 40% sodium hydroxide while cooling and stirring. A yellowish oil separated which solidified to a soft solid on standing at 5° C. The solid free base was separated, dissolved in 380 ml of acetonitrile and filtered. The solution was treated with 10 ml of glacial acetic acid while stirring. A white precipitate separated, which was filtered off, rinsed with acetonitrile, filtered and dried, and the product was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol.

Analyse beregnet for Cr9H19N502: C = 54,3; H = 7,2; N = 26,4. Analysis calculated for Cr9H19N5O2: C = 54.3; H = 7.2; N = 26.4.

Funnet: C = 54,1; H = 7,1; N = 26,0. Found: C = 54.1; H = 7.1; N = 26.0.

Eksempel 5. Example 5.

W- m- brombenzylblguanid- salpetersyresalt. m-brombenzylamin ble fremstilt ved å la m-brombenzoylklorid reagere med m-brombenzylamid og deretter redusere med litium-aluminiumhydrid, så man fikk m-brom-benzylamin, som ble omdannet til hydroklorid. W- m- bromobenzylblguanide- nitric acid salt. m-Bromobenzylamine was prepared by reacting m-bromobenzoyl chloride with m-bromobenzylamide and then reducing with lithium aluminum hydride to give m-bromobenzylamine, which was converted to the hydrochloride.

12,7 g m-brombenzylhydroklorid og 4,8 g dicyandiamid ble blandet og smeltet. Blandingen begynner å smelte ved 125° C (badet 139° C) og smeltingen er fullsten-dig ved 153° C. Ophetningen ble fortsatt i 1 time ved en badtemperatur av 150— 160° C. Det avkjølte smelteprodukt ble løst opp i 250 ml vann, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Filtratet ble konsentrert til ca. 12.7 g of m-bromobenzyl hydrochloride and 4.8 g of dicyandiamide were mixed and melted. The mixture begins to melt at 125° C (bath 139° C) and melting is complete at 153° C. The heating was continued for 1 hour at a bath temperature of 150-160° C. The cooled melt product was dissolved in 250 ml water, treated with charcoal and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to approx.

50 ml ved vakuumdestillasjon og deretter behandlet med 5 g natriumnitrat i 5 ml 50 ml by vacuum distillation and then treated with 5 g of sodium nitrate in 5 ml

vann, og etter avkjøling til 5° C ble utfellingen filtrert fra og deretter omkrystallisert fra 90 ml acetonitril. Ved å konsen-trere acetonitriloppløsningen til 55 ml og avkjøle den til 5° C fikk man det ønskede produkt. water, and after cooling to 5° C, the precipitate was filtered from and then recrystallized from 90 ml of acetonitrile. By concentrating the acetonitrile solution to 55 ml and cooling it to 5° C, the desired product was obtained.

Analyse beregnet for C4Hr3NeBrO..,: C = 32,5; H = 4,0; N = 25,2. Analysis calculated for C4Hr3NeBrO..,: C = 32.5; H = 4.0; N = 25.2.

Funnet: C = 32,4; H = 3,9; N = 24,7. Found: C = 32.4; H = 3.9; N = 24.7.

Eksempel 6. Example 6.

N'- p- metoksybenzylbiguanid, fri base. N'-p-Methoxybenzylbiguanide, free base.

Hydrokloridet av p-metoksybenzylamin ble fremstilt av den fri base på foran angitt måte. The hydrochloride of p-methoxybenzylamine was prepared from the free base in the manner indicated above.

17,3 g p-metoksybenzylamin-hydroklorid og 8,4 g dicyandiamid ble blandet og smeltet på den i eksempel 1 angitte måte. Blandingen begynner å smelte ved 143° C (badtemperatur 158° C) og smelter full-stendig ved 167° C under plutselig økning av den indre temperatur til 170° C (badtemperatur 164° C). Det ble opphetet videre (badet 164—169° C) i 1,3 timer. Det avkjølte smelteprodukt ble løst opp i 200 ml vann, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Filtratet ble konsentrert til 125 ml ved destil-lasjon i vakuum, hvoretter det under om-røring og kjøling ble tilsatt 10 ml 40 pst.'s natriumhydroksyd, hvorpå reaksjonsblandingen fikk henstå ved 5° C. Det herved utfelte produkt ble løst opp i 30 ml acetonitril, behandlet med kull, filtrert og av-kjølt. 17.3 g of p-methoxybenzylamine hydrochloride and 8.4 g of dicyandiamide were mixed and melted in the manner indicated in example 1. The mixture begins to melt at 143° C (bath temperature 158° C) and melts completely at 167° C during a sudden increase of the internal temperature to 170° C (bath temperature 164° C). It was heated further (bath 164-169° C) for 1.3 hours. The cooled melt product was dissolved in 200 ml of water, treated with charcoal and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to 125 ml by distillation in a vacuum, after which 10 ml of 40% sodium hydroxide was added while stirring and cooling, after which the reaction mixture was allowed to stand at 5° C. The thus precipitated product was dissolved in 30 ml of acetonitrile, treated with charcoal, filtered and cooled.

Analyse beregnet for CU)H15N50: C = Analysis calculated for CU)H15N50: C =

54,3; H = 6,8; N = 31,7. 54.3; H = 6.8; N = 31.7.

Funnet C = 54,2, H = 6,7; N = 32,0. Found C = 54.2, H = 6.7; N = 32.0.

Eksempel 7. Example 7.

N'- n- amyl- biguanid- hydroklorid. N'- n- amyl biguanide hydrochloride.

Hydrokloridet av n-amylamin ble fremstilt ved å lede tørt hydrogenklorid inn i en eterisk oppløsning av aminet. Det uopp-løselige hydroklorid ble filtrert fra og tør-ket. The hydrochloride of n-amylamine was prepared by passing dry hydrogen chloride into an ethereal solution of the amine. The insoluble hydrochloride was filtered off and dried.

52,9 g n-amylamin-hydroklorid og 36,2 g dicyandiamid ble malt og blandet in-timt. Blandingen ble opphetet gradvis under omrøring på et oljebad i løpet av 1 time til 158° C, og holdt på denne temperatur i fire timer. Smelteblandingen ble avkjølt, løst opp i 229 ml isopropanol, behandlet med kull og filtrert. Ved avkjøling fikk man produktet hvis smeltepunkt var 174— 176° C. 52.9 g of n-amylamine hydrochloride and 36.2 g of dicyandiamide were ground and mixed intimately. The mixture was heated gradually with stirring in an oil bath over the course of 1 hour to 158° C., and held at this temperature for four hours. The melt mixture was cooled, dissolved in 229 ml of isopropanol, treated with charcoal and filtered. On cooling, the product whose melting point was 174-176° C was obtained.

Analyse beregnet for C7HISN5C1: C = 40,5; H == 8,8; N = 33,7. Analysis calculated for C7HISN5C1: C = 40.5; H == 8.8; N = 33.7.

Funnet: C == 40,7; H = 8,8; N = 33,8. Found: C == 40.7; H = 8.8; N = 33.8.

Eksempel 8. Example 8.

N'- n- butyl- biguanid- salpetersyresalt. N'- n- butyl- biguanide- nitric acid salt.

105,6 g n-butylamin-hydroklorid og 79,3 g dicyandiamid ble malt og blandet in-timt. Blandingen ble opphetet gradvis ved hjelp av et oljebad under omrøring, og etter tredve minutters forløp, når den indre temperatur hadde nådd 150° C, startet det en eksotermisk reaksjon, hvor den indre temperatur steg til 178° C. Reaksjonsblandingen ble tatt fra oljebadet inntil den indre temperatur hadde falt til 150° C, og deretter ble opphetningen gjenopptatt ved 150° C i en time. Den avkjølte smelteblan-ding ble løst opp i 3 liter acetonitril, og ved avkjøling falt n-butyl-biguanid-hydroklorid ut. Dette ble løst opp i 70 ml varmt vann og det ble tilsatt 30 ml av en oppløs-ning som inneholdt 26 g natriumnitrat. Reaksjonsblandingen ble lagret ved 10° C i 18 timer. Det krystallinske produkt ble skilt fra, tørket og omkrystallisert fra 55 ml acetonitril, smeltepunkt 125—126° C. 105.6 g of n-butylamine hydrochloride and 79.3 g of dicyandiamide were ground and mixed intimately. The mixture was heated gradually by means of an oil bath while stirring, and after thirty minutes, when the internal temperature had reached 150° C, an exothermic reaction started, where the internal temperature rose to 178° C. The reaction mixture was taken from the oil bath until the internal temperature had dropped to 150°C, and then heating was resumed at 150°C for one hour. The cooled melt mixture was dissolved in 3 liters of acetonitrile, and upon cooling n-butyl biguanide hydrochloride precipitated. This was dissolved in 70 ml of hot water and 30 ml of a solution containing 26 g of sodium nitrate was added. The reaction mixture was stored at 10°C for 18 hours. The crystalline product was separated, dried and recrystallized from 55 ml of acetonitrile, melting point 125-126°C.

Analyse beregnet for C6H1GN60.j: N = 38,2. Analysis calculated for C6H1GN60.j: N = 38.2.

Funnet: N = 38,0. Found: N = 38.0.

Eksempel 9. Example 9.

N'- ( 2- metylbutyl) biguanid- hydroklorid. N'-(2-methylbutyl) biguanide hydrochloride.

Hydrokloridet av 2-metylbutylamin ble fremstilt ved å lede tørt hydrogenklorid inn i en eterisk oppløsning av aminet. Det uoppløselige hydroklorid ble filtrert fra og tørket. The hydrochloride of 2-methylbutylamine was prepared by passing dry hydrogen chloride into an ethereal solution of the amine. The insoluble hydrochloride was filtered off and dried.

24,3 g 2-metylbutylaminhydroklorid og 15,9 g dicyandiamid ble malt og blandet in-timt. Blandingen ble opphetet gradvis under omrøring på et oljebad. Etter ca. 20 minutter (badtemperatur 165° C) inn-trådte en hurtig stigning av den indre temperatur (til 190° C). Oljebadet ble tatt bort og etter at reaksjonsblandingen var blitt avkjølt til 120° C, ble opphetningen gjenopptatt i en time (badtemperatur 159° C). 24.3 g of 2-methylbutylamine hydrochloride and 15.9 g of dicyandiamide were ground and mixed intimately. The mixture was heated gradually with stirring in an oil bath. After approx. 20 minutes (bath temperature 165° C), a rapid rise in the internal temperature (to 190° C) occurred. The oil bath was removed and after the reaction mixture had cooled to 120° C, heating was resumed for one hour (bath temperature 159° C).

Etter avkjøling ble reaksjonsmassen utlutet med 470 ml acetonitril, og det uoppløselige produkt filtrert fra og tør-ket. Det erholdte produkt har et smelte- After cooling, the reaction mass was leached with 470 ml of acetonitrile, and the insoluble product was filtered off and dried. The product obtained has a melting

punkt på 204—207° C. point of 204-207° C.

Analyse beregnet for C7 H18N5C1: C = Analysis calculated for C7 H18N5C1: C =

40,5; H = 8,8; N = 33,7. 40.5; H = 8.8; N = 33.7.

Funnet: C = 40,2; H = 8,3; N = 33,3. Found: C = 40.2; H = 8.3; N = 33.3.

Eksempel 10. Example 10.

N'- n- amylbiguanid- salpetersyresalt. N'- n- amyl biguanide nitric acid salt.

2,5 g N'-n-amylbiguanid-hydroklorid ble løst opp i 12 ml vann og 1,7 g natriumnitrat tilsatt. Etter henstand ble det dannede nitrat skilt fra og omkrystallisert fra 29 ml acetonitril. Produktets smeltepunkt var 133—134° C. 2.5 g of N'-n-amylbiguanide hydrochloride was dissolved in 12 ml of water and 1.7 g of sodium nitrate added. After standing, the nitrate formed was separated and recrystallized from 29 ml of acetonitrile. The product's melting point was 133-134° C.

Analyse beregnet for C-H18N603: C = Analysis calculated for C-H18N603: C =

36,0; H = 7,7; N = 36,0. 36.0; H = 7.7; N = 36.0.

Funnet: C = 36,5; H = 7,7; N = 36,5. Found: C = 36.5; H = 7.7; N = 36.5.

Eksempel 11. Example 11.

N'- fenetylbiguanid- 8- klorteo-fyllin- salt. N'-phenethylbiguanide-8-chlorotheophylline salt.

6,0 g beta-fenetylbiguanid-hydroklorid ble løst opp i 25 ml metanol, og 5,6 ml 23 pst.'s NaOMe i metanol ble tilsatt. Det dannede natriumklorid ble filtrert fra. Ved romtemperatur ble det til filtratet under omrøring tilsatt 5,4 g fast 8-klorteofyl-lin. Ved ca. 20 minutters henstand dan-net det seg en krystallinsk utfelling. Etter 24 timers forløp ble utfellingen filtrert fra 6.0 g of beta-phenethyl biguanide hydrochloride was dissolved in 25 ml of methanol, and 5.6 ml of 23% NaOMe in methanol was added. The sodium chloride formed was filtered off. At room temperature, 5.4 g of solid 8-chlorotheophylline were added to the filtrate with stirring. At approx. After 20 minutes' delay, a crystalline precipitate formed. After 24 hours, the precipitate was filtered off

og tørket. Produktet ble løst opp i 105 ml varm isopropanol, behandlet med kull, filtrert og fikk henstå. De dannede kry-staller ble filtrert fra, hvorved man fikk et produkt som smeltet ved 117° C (under spaltning). and dried. The product was dissolved in 105 ml of hot isopropanol, treated with charcoal, filtered and allowed to stand. The formed crystals were filtered off, whereby a product was obtained which melted at 117° C (during cleavage).

Analyse beregnet for C17H22N902C1: C = 48,6; H = 5,3; N = 30,0. Analysis calculated for C17H22N902C1: C = 48.6; H = 5.3; N = 30.0.

Funnet: C = 48,6; H = 6,1; N = 29,7. Found: C = 48.6; H = 6.1; N = 29.7.

Tabell I angir sammensetning og egenskaper hos et antall biguanider som har vist seg å ha hypoglykemisk virkning. Table I indicates the composition and properties of a number of biguanides which have been shown to have a hypoglycaemic effect.

Tabell I. Table I.

I Ph = fenyl og X representerer en syre. I Ph = phenyl and X represents an acid.

Fremstilte salter er angitt i tabell Ia. Prepared salts are listed in Table Ia.

Disse salter ble fremstilt ved å la en støkiometrisk mengde av den fri biguan- These salts were prepared by adding a stoichiometric amount of the free biguan-

idbase reagere med en ekvivalent mengde av den sure forbindelse i vandig oppløsning, i metanol, i acetonitril eller liknende. idbase react with an equivalent amount of the acidic compound in aqueous solution, in methanol, in acetonitrile or the like.

Claims (1)

Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av et biguanid og salter derav med oral hypoglykemisk aktivitet, karakterisert v e d at man smelter et salt av et alkyl-eller aralkylamin RjR^NH, fortrinnsvis hydrokloridet, med dicyandiamid ved en temperatur av 120—200° C i et tidsrom av 0,2— 4 timer, og ekstraherer og omkrystallise-rer biguanidet hvis fri base har formelen hvor: (a) R^ representerer alkyl med 4—5 kullstoffatomer og R2 er hydrogen, eller (b) R^ repersenterer (3-fenetyl og substituert benzyl, idet substituentene er halogen eller metoksy, og R2 er hydrogen eller (c) R1 er benzyl og R2 er metyl, og at den fri biguanidbase eventuelt behandles med en ekvivalent mengde av en fysiologisk tålbar syre.Process for the production of a biguanide and its salts with oral hypoglycaemic activity, characterized by melting a salt of an alkyl or aralkylamine RjR^NH, preferably the hydrochloride, with dicyandiamide at a temperature of 120-200°C for a period of 0 ,2— 4 hours, and extract and recrystallize the biguanide whose free base has the formula where: (a) R^ represents alkyl with 4—5 carbon atoms and R2 is hydrogen, or (b) R^ represents (3-phenethyl and substituted benzyl, wherein the substituents are halogen or methoxy, and R 2 is hydrogen or (c) R 1 is benzyl and R 2 is methyl, and that the free biguanide base is optionally treated with an equivalent amount of a physiologically tolerable acid.
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