NO125424B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO125424B NO125424B NO5058/69A NO505869A NO125424B NO 125424 B NO125424 B NO 125424B NO 5058/69 A NO5058/69 A NO 5058/69A NO 505869 A NO505869 A NO 505869A NO 125424 B NO125424 B NO 125424B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- electrode
- electrodes
- arc
- titanium oxide
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000003913 Coccoloba uvifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000008976 Pterocarpus marsupium Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003586 thorium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 titanium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/06—Electrodes
- H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
- H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
Høy-ytelseselektrode av grafitt for lysbueovner for High performance graphite electrode for arc furnaces for
stålfremstilling med et lysstabiliserende tilsetningsstoff. steelmaking with a light-stabilizing additive.
Ved drift av elektroder i lysbueovner opptrer særlig i smelteperioden under arbeidet av lysbuen på det ennå forholdsvis kolde skrap en urolig brenning og en sterk distorsjon av den i ideelt tilfelle sinusformede spenningskurve, med høye tenningsspisser. Der er kjent tallrike metoder og fremgangsmåter som alle har som oppgave å eliminere den såkalte "blafring", da hele elektrisitetsnettet i nærheten av en slik urolig forbrukningsinnretning er utsatt for den fare at nettet kan følge slike støtaktige distorsjoner av spennings-forløpet. During the operation of electrodes in arc furnaces, particularly during the melting period during the work of the arc on the still relatively cold scrap, there is a restless burning and a strong distortion of the ideally sinusoidal voltage curve, with high ignition points. Numerous methods and procedures are known, all of which have the task of eliminating the so-called "flaring", as the entire electricity network in the vicinity of such an unstable consumer device is exposed to the danger that the network may follow such shock-like distortions of the voltage course.
Fra ovnsdriftssiden har man foreslått følgende metoder for From the furnace operation side, the following methods have been proposed for
å løse denne oppgave: Overgang til høyeffektlysbuer (som riktignok to solve this task: Transition to high-power arcs (which, of course
minsker blafringsfenomener men ikke eliminerer dem i tilfredsstillende grad), drift med lett. ioniserende gasser (som meget godt løser pro-blemet, men er for kostbare), tilsetninger til elektroder som, som metaller eller metalldamper, oppviser små ioniseringsspenninger og lite elektronutgangsarbeide. Det ble hertil brukt bor, kalium, cesium og thoriumforbindelser ved storelektroder. reduces flapping phenomena but does not eliminate them to a satisfactory extent), operation with light. ionizing gases (which solve the problem very well, but are too expensive), additions to electrodes which, like metals or metal vapors, exhibit small ionization voltages and little electron output work. Boron, potassium, cesium and thorium compounds were used for large electrodes.
Skjønt alkali- og jordalkaliforbindelser som hovedsakelig må innføres i elektroden ved en etterfølgende .impregneringsprosess, oppviser meget gode stabiliseringseffekter, forårsaker de på grunn av den store reaksjonsevne av metallene med grafitt, et høyt elek-trodeforbruk og kan ikke brukes av økonomiske grunner. Andre sub-stanser, som thoriumforbindelser som likeledes har gode stabiliser-ingsef f ekter kan ikke brukes på grunn av radioaktiv fare. Oppfinnelsen bygger på visse erfaringer ved fremstillingen av kjernekarbon-elektroder for kinokullene, en art av karbon-lysbueelektroder hvor erfaringene under fremstillingen ikke ble tatt i betraktning når det gjaldt eliminering av blafringsfenomener ved lysbueovner. Det har vist seg ved disse elektroder at tilsetninger til elektrode-kjernen i form av titanforbindelser i høy grad øker brennsikkerheten av kinokullene. Det er nå blitt gjort forsøk om titan og/eller titanoksyd ogfeå uavhengig av nærværet av en kjerne, hvor en spesial-masse av sjeldne jordarter som sammen med tjære/bek og/eller kunst-harpikser med og uten tilsetninger tjener til å fylle ut et hulrom i kinokullene, kan utøve også ved massive storelektroder en stabiliserende virkning med forholdsvis små tilsetninger. Although alkali and alkaline earth compounds which must mainly be introduced into the electrode by a subsequent impregnation process, exhibit very good stabilization effects, due to the great reactivity of the metals with graphite, they cause a high electrode consumption and cannot be used for economic reasons. Other substances, such as thorium compounds, which likewise have good stabilizing effects, cannot be used due to radioactive danger. The invention is based on certain experiences in the manufacture of core carbon electrodes for the kino coals, a type of carbon arc electrodes where the experiences during the manufacture were not taken into account when it came to the elimination of flapping phenomena in arc furnaces. It has been shown with these electrodes that additions to the electrode core in the form of titanium compounds greatly increase the burning safety of the kino coals. Attempts have now been made to titanium and/or titanium oxide and feå independently of the presence of a core, where a special mass of rare earths which together with tar/pitch and/or synthetic resins with and without additives serve to fill in a cavities in the kino coals, can also exert a stabilizing effect with relatively small additions in the case of massive large electrodes.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører altså en høy-ytelseselektrode av grafitt for lysbueovner for stålfremstilling med et lysstabiliserende tilsetningsstoff, idet elektroden er karakterisert ved at tilsetningsstoffet består av titan og/eller titanoksyd, som er homogent fordelt i elektrodemassen. The invention thus relates to a high-performance graphite electrode for arc furnaces for steelmaking with a light-stabilizing additive, the electrode being characterized in that the additive consists of titanium and/or titanium oxide, which is homogeneously distributed in the electrode mass.
Det stabiliserende titan og/eller titanoksyd kan fra be-gynnelsen av, som dette skjer ved eventuelle tilsetninger for på-virkning av utvidelses- og grafitteringsf»rhold av grafittelek-troder, direkte tilsettes til utgangsblandingen og undergår da en grafitterings-prosess ved ca. 2600°C hvor de omvandler seg hovedsakelig til titankarbider, så at man slipper et ytterligere arbeids-trinn. Likeledes faller bort' den kompliserte prosess som er nød-vendig ved hylelektrodedriften med gass-stabilisering. Det er tilstrekkelig å tilsette noen få prosent titan og/eller titanoksyd, f.eks. TiOg eller Ti-metall for å oppnå den ønskede stabiliserings-virkning ved senere lysbuedrift, av den ferdige elektrode. Tilsetninger på 0,5 til 6$, idet allerede 3% gir meget gode resultater, er i alminnelighet tilstrekkelig for den ønskede stabiliserings-effekt. I vanskeligere tilfelle, f.eks. på grunn av arten av det elektriske anlegg, av selve ovnsarten eller av en spesiell drifts-måte, er det selvsagt mulig å øke ytterligere tilsetningen av titan og/eller titanoksyd. Selvsagt kan titan og/eller titanoksyd også innføres i den allerede ferdige elektrode ved hjelp av en senere impregneringsprosess. The stabilizing titanium and/or titanium oxide can be directly added to the starting mixture from the beginning, as this happens with any additions to influence the expansion and graphitization ratio of graphite electrodes, and then undergoes a graphitization process at approx. 2600°C where they transform mainly into titanium carbides, so that a further work step is omitted. Likewise, the complicated process which is necessary in the howling electrode operation with gas stabilization is eliminated. It is sufficient to add a few percent titanium and/or titanium oxide, e.g. TiOg or Ti-metal to achieve the desired stabilization effect during subsequent arc operation of the finished electrode. Additions of 0.5 to 6$, as already 3% give very good results, are generally sufficient for the desired stabilization effect. In more difficult cases, e.g. due to the nature of the electrical installation, the nature of the furnace itself or a special mode of operation, it is of course possible to further increase the addition of titanium and/or titanium oxide. Of course, titanium and/or titanium oxide can also be introduced into the already finished electrode by means of a later impregnation process.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1904672A DE1904672C3 (en) | 1969-01-31 | 1969-01-31 | Electrographite electrode for arc furnaces for the production of steel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO125424B true NO125424B (en) | 1972-09-04 |
Family
ID=5723853
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO5058/69A NO125424B (en) | 1969-01-31 | 1969-12-20 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3684745A (en) |
AT (1) | AT297355B (en) |
BE (1) | BE745163A (en) |
CA (1) | CA930537A (en) |
CH (1) | CH525595A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1904672C3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI49095C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2029773A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1277620A (en) |
LU (1) | LU60237A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO125424B (en) |
SE (1) | SE352509B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4042656A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1977-08-16 | Vladimir Petrovich Chviruk | Graphite-base filling material for the decomposition of alkali metal amalgams and method of producing same |
GB2193225B (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1990-09-19 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Carbon electrodes |
DE10343687A1 (en) * | 2003-09-20 | 2005-04-21 | Sachtleben Chemie Gmbh | Process for improving the durability of carbon or graphite electrodes by using products containing TiO 2 O 2 |
-
1969
- 1969-01-31 DE DE1904672A patent/DE1904672C3/en not_active Expired
- 1969-10-21 CH CH1571669A patent/CH525595A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-11-14 SE SE15674/69A patent/SE352509B/xx unknown
- 1969-12-03 FI FI693500A patent/FI49095C/en active
- 1969-12-12 GB GB60668/69A patent/GB1277620A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-20 NO NO5058/69A patent/NO125424B/no unknown
-
1970
- 1970-01-20 AT AT49570A patent/AT297355B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-01-27 LU LU60237D patent/LU60237A1/xx unknown
- 1970-01-29 BE BE745163D patent/BE745163A/en unknown
- 1970-01-29 FR FR7003070A patent/FR2029773A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1970-01-30 CA CA073508A patent/CA930537A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-01-30 US US7236A patent/US3684745A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1277620A (en) | 1972-06-14 |
DE1904672A1 (en) | 1970-08-20 |
FI49095C (en) | 1975-03-10 |
CH525595A (en) | 1972-07-15 |
AT297355B (en) | 1972-03-27 |
CA930537A (en) | 1973-07-24 |
FR2029773A1 (en) | 1970-10-23 |
DE1904672C3 (en) | 1975-07-24 |
SE352509B (en) | 1972-12-27 |
DE1904672B2 (en) | 1974-12-19 |
BE745163A (en) | 1970-07-01 |
FI49095B (en) | 1974-12-02 |
US3684745A (en) | 1972-08-15 |
LU60237A1 (en) | 1970-04-01 |
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