NO124044B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO124044B
NO124044B NO4026/68A NO402668A NO124044B NO 124044 B NO124044 B NO 124044B NO 4026/68 A NO4026/68 A NO 4026/68A NO 402668 A NO402668 A NO 402668A NO 124044 B NO124044 B NO 124044B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
hexagonal
friction
alloyed
coating according
cobalt
Prior art date
Application number
NO4026/68A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
J Guyonnet
Original Assignee
Centre Nat Rech Scient
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre Nat Rech Scient filed Critical Centre Nat Rech Scient
Publication of NO124044B publication Critical patent/NO124044B/no

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134Plasma spraying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/02Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F16D65/127Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by properties of the disc surface; Discs lined with friction material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04Attachment of linings
    • F16D2069/0425Attachment methods or devices
    • F16D2069/0491Tools, machines, processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Description

Friksjonsbelegg for deler til bremser eller elektromagnetiske koplinger. Friction coating for parts for brakes or electromagnetic couplings.

Foreliggende.oppfinnelse angår friksjonsbelegg og det er en hensikt med foreliggende oppfinnelse, å skaffe et friksjonsbelegg som har stabile og ensartede friksjonségenskaper innen bestemte grenser for temperaturer. : Ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse skaffes et friksjonsbelegg, særlig egnet for clutcher og bremser som i det vesentlige består av plasma-avsatt- lag av et materiale isom krystalliserer i det hexagonale system. For at foreliggende oppfinnelse skal forstås lettere, vil .. det i det følgende beskrives friksjonsbelegg. ifølge, foreliggende oppfinnelse. '.. v V ■■>. Det er blitt funnet at materialer som har en hexagonal krystallstruktur har meget stabile friksjonségenskaper. For eksempel har forsøk vist at et element som kan krystallisere, i to allotropiske former, d.v.s. enten hexagonal eller kubiske krystaller, har de mest stabile friksjonsegenskaper når de krystalliserer i det hexagonale system. Det er også blitt funnet at et egnet hexagonalt krystallisert lag tilfredsstillende.og med fordel kan påføres en overflate ved hjelp av en plasmaavsetning ved hjelp av plasmastråle. The present invention relates to friction coatings and it is a purpose of the present invention to provide a friction coating which has stable and uniform friction properties within certain temperature limits. : According to the present invention, a friction coating is obtained, particularly suitable for clutches and brakes, which essentially consists of a plasma deposit layer of a material that crystallizes in the hexagonal system. In order for the present invention to be understood more easily, .. friction coating is described below. according to the present invention. '.. v V ■■>. It has been found that materials having a hexagonal crystal structure have very stable frictional properties. For example, experiments have shown that an element that can crystallize, in two allotropic forms, i.e. either hexagonal or cubic crystals, they have the most stable frictional properties when they crystallize in the hexagonal system. It has also been found that a suitable hexagonal crystallized layer can be satisfactorily and advantageously applied to a surface by means of plasma deposition by means of a plasma jet.

Et materiale for friksjonsbelegg ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse, velgés således med hexagonal krystallstruktur ved arbeidstemperaturer og er plasmaavsatt. A material for friction coating according to the present invention is thus selected with a hexagonal crystal structure at working temperatures and is plasma deposited.

Idet det antas i en hexagonal krystall at a er den avstand som atskiller naboatomer i samme hexagonale plan og c er den avstand som atskiller to naboatomer fra 'et av de., to hexagonale plan til Since it is assumed in a hexagonal crystal that a is the distance that separates neighboring atoms in the same hexagonal plane and c is the distance that separates two neighboring atoms from one of the two hexagonal planes to

det annet, blir gitterforholdet definert _c . Dessuten, idet det antas at i den idealtilstand hvor de atomer som går inn i sammen-setningen av krystallet opptar rom, kan det vises at for en ideell kompakt lagring av atomene- i= den hexagonale -krystall blir: the second, the lattice ratio is defined _c . Moreover, assuming that in the ideal state where the atoms that enter the composition of the crystal occupy space, it can be shown that for an ideal compact storage of the atoms - in = the hexagonal -crystal becomes:

Det er nå blitt funnet ved-hjelp av forsøk at de legemer som har de beste friksjonsegenskaper, d.v.s. jevnhet med foranderlig belastning og den laveste risiko for fast grep er slike som under friksjonen er tilstede i form av hexagonale krystaller hvis gitterforhold er så nær som mulig det ideelle tilfelle hvor _c _ -, /-QQ It has now been found by means of experiments that the bodies which have the best frictional properties, i.e. smoothness with changing load and the lowest risk of sticking are those which during friction are present in the form of hexagonal crystals whose lattice ratio is as close as possible to the ideal case where _c _ -, /-QQ

a J-°3J • For mange elementer som ved omgivende temperatur har en hexagonal krystallinsk struktur, omdannes den hexagonale struktur ved en viss temperatur til en kubisk struktur .som gjør at. friksjonsmaterialet kleber og er uegnet for sitt formål. a J-°3J • For many elements which at ambient temperature have a hexagonal crystalline structure, the hexagonal structure is converted at a certain temperature into a cubic structure, which means that. the friction material sticks and is unsuitable for its purpose.

Tar man dette i betraktning velges bestanddelene i friksjons-materialer fra slike.som krystalliserer i hexagonale krystaller, og mere spesielt slike .som synes mest gunstige på grunn av deres gitterforhold _c , deres høye allotropiske qvergangstemperatur og Taking this into account, the components of friction materials are chosen from those that crystallize in hexagonal crystals, and more particularly those that seem most favorable because of their lattice ratio _c , their high allotropic transition temperature and

a a

om nødvendig deres spesifikke magnetiske egenskaper eller slike; if necessary, their specific magnetic properties or such;

som de kan gi en legering.eller kombinasjon ved deltagelse i dette. which they can give an alloy.or combination by participating in this.

Materialer som-er særlig:fordelaktige fra-disse synspunkter vil fremgå av følgende tabell. Materials which are particularly advantageous from these points of view will appear in the following table.

Elementene i ovenstående tabell kan være tilstede i friksjonsmateriale i ren tilstand. Hvert av disse elementer kan også legeres med ett eller flere andre elementer som er angitt i tabellen eller også med ett eller flere metaller, oksyder eller karbider som i seg selv ikke har en hexagonal struktur, i den ut-strekning hvor allikevel den hexagonale struktur for ovennevnte element bibeholdes i de dannede legeringer. Eksempler på slike ikke hexagonale metaller er krom,, lantan, molybden, renium, samarium, wolfram, aluminium, kopper, jern, nikkel, niob. Eksempler på de nevnte karbider er TaC, TiC, MoC, WC,- Cr^Cg, Cr^O^ som er representativ for de nevnte oksyder. Molybdenkarbidet var ikke homogent, men inneholdt ekvimolare mengder molybden og karbon. Koboltlegeringer har særlig fordelaktige egenskaper, f.eks» koboltlegeringer som inneholder wolfram, wolframkarbid, kromoksyd, yttrium eller neodym eller molybden eller beryllium. The elements in the above table may be present in friction material in its pure state. Each of these elements can also be alloyed with one or more other elements that are indicated in the table or also with one or more metals, oxides or carbides which in themselves do not have a hexagonal structure, to the extent that the hexagonal structure for the above element is retained in the alloys formed. Examples of such non-hexagonal metals are chromium, lanthanum, molybdenum, rhenium, samarium, tungsten, aluminium, copper, iron, nickel, niobium. Examples of the carbides mentioned are TaC, TiC, MoC, WC, - Cr^Cg, Cr^O^ which are representative of the mentioned oxides. The molybdenum carbide was not homogeneous, but contained equimolar amounts of molybdenum and carbon. Cobalt alloys have particularly advantageous properties, eg cobalt alloys containing tungsten, tungsten carbide, chromium oxide, yttrium or neodymium or molybdenum or beryllium.

I en bestanddel av friksjonsmaterialet kan gitterforholdet In a component of the friction material, the lattice ratio can

_c forbedres og/eller den allotropiske overgangstemperatur for de a _c is improved and/or the allotropic transition temperature for the a

hexagonale krystaller til kubiske krystaller kan heves ved en til-setning av erstatningsatomer etterfulgt om nødvendig av en egnet utglødning, slik at den krevede hexagonale krystallinske struktur kan bevares enda under operasjon ved forhøyede temperaturer, og Curie-punktet for friksjonsmaterialet kan også heves. For å bedre friksjonsegenskapene f.eks. stabilitet for det porøse friksjonsmateriale kan det inkorporeres et fast smøremiddel, slik som grafitt, MoS2, CaF, BaF, NbS2, WSg. hexagonal crystals to cubic crystals can be raised by an addition of replacement atoms followed, if necessary, by a suitable annealing, so that the required hexagonal crystalline structure can be preserved even during operation at elevated temperatures, and the Curie point of the friction material can also be raised. To improve the friction properties, e.g. stability of the porous friction material, a solid lubricant can be incorporated, such as graphite, MoS2, CaF, BaF, NbS2, WSg.

For å inkorporere fast smøremiddel på denne måte kan det porøse friksjonsmateriale impregneres i vakuum med en suspensjon av det faste smøremiddel i en væske eller en epoksyharpiks. Friksjonsbelegget ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse kan på-føres skiver for bruk i elektromagnetiske bremser eller clutcher og blir derfor fortrinnsvis fremstilt av et ferromagnetisk materiale som er porøst, fortrinnsvis mikroporøst.. To incorporate solid lubricant in this way, the porous friction material can be impregnated in vacuum with a suspension of the solid lubricant in a liquid or an epoxy resin. The friction coating according to the present invention can be applied to disks for use in electromagnetic brakes or clutches and is therefore preferably produced from a ferromagnetic material which is porous, preferably microporous.

Claims (1)

1. Friksjonsbelegg for deler til bremser eller elektromagnetiske koplinger, karakterisert ved at det er . dannet av et legert materiale som inneholder kobolt og hår en hexagonal krystallinsk struktur hvis gittervolum har et forhold C som er nær ved 1,633.°S dette materiale er blitt anbragt på a nevnte deler ved hjelp av en- plasma-stråle.1. Friction coating for parts for brakes or electromagnetic couplings, characterized in that it is . formed of an alloyed material containing cobalt and hair a hexagonal crystalline structure whose lattice volume has a ratio C close to 1.633.°S this material has been placed on a mentioned parts by means of a plasma jet. -2. Belegg ifølge krav 1, k å r a k t e r i s e r t v e d «.t kobolt i det ovennevnte materiale er legert med wolfram, med en karbonforbindelse av wolfram, med en karbonforbindelse av krom GgCr^ eller med kromoksyd Cr^ O^. 3- Belegg ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at det inneholder yttrium og neodym. 4- . Belegg ifølge krav 1, k a r a k t e r i s é r t. ved at kobolt i det ovennevnte materiale er legert med molybden, med jern eller med beryllium. •-2. Coating according to claim 1, characterized by cobalt in the above-mentioned material being alloyed with tungsten, with a carbon compound of tungsten, with a carbon compound of chromium GgCr^ or with chromium oxide Cr^O^. 3- Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains yttrium and neodymium. 4-. Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that cobalt in the above-mentioned material is alloyed with molybdenum, with iron or with beryllium. •
NO4026/68A 1967-10-11 1968-10-10 NO124044B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR124111A FR1567919A (en) 1967-10-11 1967-10-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO124044B true NO124044B (en) 1972-02-21

Family

ID=8639926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO4026/68A NO124044B (en) 1967-10-11 1968-10-10

Country Status (12)

Country Link
AT (1) AT315592B (en)
CH (1) CH512023A (en)
DE (1) DE1802377A1 (en)
DK (1) DK126271B (en)
ES (1) ES358908A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1567919A (en)
GB (1) GB1248057A (en)
IL (1) IL30839A (en)
LU (1) LU57023A1 (en)
NL (1) NL6814429A (en)
NO (1) NO124044B (en)
SE (1) SE352711B (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2166949C3 (en) * 1967-10-11 1982-03-11 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75007 Paris Friction block for an electromagnetically operated brake or clutch
DE2911875A1 (en) * 1979-03-26 1981-02-26 Softline Ag HANGING DEVICE FOR A SLIDING WALL PANEL OF A SLIDING PARTITION
DE3910046A1 (en) * 1989-03-28 1990-10-04 Binder Magnete Electromagnetically actuated coupling
ES2113379T3 (en) * 1990-09-14 1998-05-01 Martin John Michael Murphy BRAKE DISC OR SIMILAR COMPONENT CONSISTING OF A MATERIAL MADE OF METALLIC MATRIX.
JP3114045B2 (en) * 1994-03-16 2000-12-04 株式会社日立製作所 Emergency stop device and elevator for elevator
DE10115756B4 (en) * 2001-03-23 2015-03-05 Bellheimer Metallwerk Gmbh storage lift
DE102006007688B4 (en) * 2006-02-20 2016-10-13 Kern Antriebstechnik GmbH Electromagnetically operated switching unit
CN112063953B (en) * 2020-09-11 2021-09-03 昆明理工大学 Thermal spraying high-temperature friction-resistance brake coating material and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES358908A1 (en) 1970-05-16
GB1248057A (en) 1971-09-29
LU57023A1 (en) 1969-01-20
FR1567919A (en) 1969-05-23
DE1802377A1 (en) 1969-08-14
IL30839A0 (en) 1969-02-27
NL6814429A (en) 1969-04-15
IL30839A (en) 1972-11-28
DK126271B (en) 1973-06-25
SE352711B (en) 1973-01-08
AT315592B (en) 1974-05-27
CH512023A (en) 1971-08-31

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