NL8102862A - Coal-firing heater and apparatus for converting a wood-to-coal heater. - Google Patents

Description

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I I Heater for burning coal and furnishing! for converting a wood heater to; coal.

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The invention generally relates to coal firing and in particular a saloon stove to burn coal with a high efficiency.

| Coal firing stoves have been available for years i 5. In Europe they have been used for centuries where there is a relatively large amount of coal. The commercially available European coal stoves are therefore highly developed, refined and in many cases very efficient.

In America, like wood, there are relatively many coals, which are relatively inexpensive substitutes for oil, gas, or electricity. For many people, coal offers advantages over wood in terms of availability,! costs and storage requirements.

Unfortunately, unlike wood, coal can vary significantly in the properties it possesses make it more or less suitable for burning in a coal! heater. Coal has been formed from organic material under great pressure over the years. Variations between coals refer to the different climatic conditions, varying degrees of bacterial activity and the pressure and temperature during coal formation. For example, coal can have a high inherent moisture content of up to 40% in brown coal, varying amounts of volatiles, where a high content of volatiles produces a lot of smoke when fired in most space heaters, and, for example, different levels of ash and solid carbon. Coal is also supplied with different particle sizes.

In America in particular, the coal firing problem is very difficult when attempting to maximize combustion efficiency. Europeans have developed efficient heaters and these heaters operate with very little difficulty. The secret is that the European! ! Stove owners burn European coal and European coal is uniform in size, has a relatively low ash content; stop and the ash easily falls off the burning coal in 8102862 I! a slightly flaky powder. European coal stoves are "therefore specially designed for this type of coal and this type of ash.

| Unfortunately, the differences between American and European coal generally make European stoves unsuitable 5 for efficient operation when American coal is being processed : used. Shaking out the shaft and maintaining the correct fuel bed thickness prove to be extremely difficult! to be. For example, American anthracite of varying size and shape, with its high content of firmer ash lumps, continuously clogs the grids of European stoves and prevents oxygen flow.

Therefore, an important object of the invention is a heating device with which American coal can be fired efficiently. Other objects of the invention are a stove for firing coal, which requires little maintenance, has a long service life, is easy to use and burns evenly for a long time. Yet a further object of the invention is a heater which can be converted to efficiently burn coal or wood.

I | ! The invention relates to a heating device which is suitable for firing coffee. len. The heater has a heat conducting frame! which encloses a primary combustion chamber, a guide-plate assembly in gas communication with the primary I combustion chamber to provide a long internal heat exchange channel i and a primary air supply channel for supplying air containing oxygen containing combustion I in the primary combustion chamber promotes. An exhaust opening for the combustion products is mounted on the pipe; upper part of the frame in gas connection with the guide; . distribution plate assembly and serves as the outlet port for the ; branding products.

The combustion appliance has a rosette coal holding assembly, wherein it! i grate assembly includes at least two grate elements, each rotatable about a (preferably horizontal) axis of rotation, a front vertical grate, a rear 1 vertical grate, first and second vertical side grates, and 40 support elements, the front vertical grate above the 81 0 2 8 6 2 -3- ί 1 level of the rotatable grille elements support to i! ; obtain a horizontally oriented slot, through which a slag plug can be inserted to insert the coals into the; primary combustion chamber.

i c! | . The invention further encompasses measures to support grids above the primary air supply for the primary combustion chamber and elements. which prevent the primary air from entering the primary! combustion chamber passes without first passing through the grate assembly. The coal is supplied by coal from a | upper part of the heater to the grid assembly, preferably under the influence of gravity.

; In another aspect, the grid: 15 'elements each have. an elongated toothed part and a central: i ...

.; support beam, which is in the middle part of it in direction i; perpendicular to the plane. a dimension of the toothed part | larger than the size of the support beam in the | perpendicular direction at the end of the toothed part.

20 According to a special embodiment •! The elongated tooth portion at its end has an annular collar or flange which cooperates with the vertical side grating to receive the grating element along its horizontal axis of rotation. As a result, the grating element cannot move in its longitudinal direction in the horizontal direction.

The coal supply assembly in a preferred embodiment of the invention has a | solid cistern member, which is cooperatively connected to an upper frame portion about the coals from an opening in the top 30; guide frame part and a movable cistern adjustable, which is adjustable on the fixed cistern at a lower part thereof to guide the coals from the solid cistern element to the grate elements. The fixed cistern element has a construction in which a first second part cooperates together along i! an at least substantially vertical plane, so that the parts j hold the adjustable cistern in a fixed vertical position; during the operation of the heater, the shaking system, which pivots the grate elements 40 i back and forth, has a plurality of pivoting arms, each; 81 0 2 8 6 2 -4-: arm is connected to a grille element at a grille end; with a wedge cross-section, the end i: i passing through a corresponding wedge-shaped opening i in the pivot arm. The pivoting arms are interconnected with a connecting element which pivots the pivoting arms synchronously about their axes of rotation, a sliding element being provided which moves the connecting element back and forth along an at least substantially rectilinear path, so that the | ; grille elements are pivoted back and forth about their axes of rotation through the pivot arms.

The connecting element preferably has a body with which an L-shaped lip is formed in one piece for each pivot arm. Each lip has a first cross section at the body to which the lip is attached, and a second key beard cross section spaced from the body. Each swing arm has an opening, the j; cross section corresponds to the second cross section and! a thickness at the opening which is not greater than the minimum position between the lip part with the second cross section and the body. This means that a swivel arm can be locked on the! I: L-shaped lip and rotate stably and firmly around the part of it 'i I! with the first cross section.

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According to another feature of the invention, a conversion kit is provided to convert a wood burning stove to coal burning. The i | stove for burning coal, for example the Vigilant | Vermont Castings saloon stove is initially placed to burn wood efficiently. The Vigilant Wood Burning Stove has a heat conducting frame that encloses a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber that is in gas communication with the primary combustion chamber, and a guide plate assembly that is gas-connected to the sequence. secondary combustion chamber allows for a long internal heat; exchange channel. The Vigilant further has a vertically oriented downwardly directed guide plate separating the primary and secondary combustion chambers, in which part of the guide plate is spaced from a bottom plane. of the frame to provide an opening connecting the primary and secondary combustion chambers and forming a gas connection therebetween. A primary air supply channel supplies air to promote combustion in the primary combustion chamber, and a secondary air supply channel extends along the downwardly directed guide. divider plate to preheat the secondary air i.

| 5i deliver combustion chamber to the opening. An exhaust port for the combustion products on the top portion of the frame is in gas communication with the guide plate assembly to provide an exhaust port for the combustion products.

The stove conversion device, such as the Vigilant into a coal firing heater, includes an assembly that prevents preheated air from entering the orifice into the primary combustion chamber and includes a first component that extracts the exhaust gases from the primary combustion chamber directs through a first part of the opening to the secondary combustion chamber to pass through the long heat exchange channel and a second part, which blocks the remaining part of the opening to prevent secondary air (or combustion products) from entering the secondary combustion chamber the primary combustion chamber flows. A grate assembly for holding the coals is provided, a support assembly around the grate assembly above the primary air supply; t | and an assembly which accomplishes a reciprocating pivot of the grating assembly. Finally, a cistern is provided, containing coal from an upper part of the heater to the grate assembly; directs by gravity feed. With regard to further details, the conversion of the Vigilant 30. stove into a coal burning stove can follow the above general plan.

However, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the stove is in the; ! particularly provided with a detachable door element, which provides access to the secondary combustion chamber every second! ! in collected ash. Furthermore, a slotted structure is provided for gases escaping from the primary combustion chamber to accommodate these volatile gases. directing the components towards the secondary combustion chamber.

40 Other Purposes, Features, and Benefits 8102862 -6-; ! of the invention will become apparent from the following description. captured a preferred embodiment of the <| ; invention with reference to the drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front perspective view j 5 of the exterior of a heater in a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a rear perspective view! | from the outside of the heater in a preferred embodiment of the invention.

1Ó Fig. 3 is a cut away perspective | front view of the inside of the heater; I; 1 and 2, from which the internal coal firing assembly has been removed.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 4-4-4 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along line 5-5 of FIG. 4.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 6-6 of FIG. 4.

; FIG. 7 is a cut away front perspective view of the heater of FIGS. 1 and 2 including: the coal firing assembly | in the preferred embodiment of the invention; thing,; FIG. 8 is a cross section according to the | ; fig. 8-8 of fig. 7.

| Fig. 9 is a cross section according to the! line 9-9 of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view along line 10-10 of FIG. 9, i; Fig. 11 is a plan view of a horizontal grid element, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view along line 12-12 of FIG. 7.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the heating apparatus of FIGS. 1-12 is designed for efficient coal firing and is possible. be converted into a heating appliance for; firing wood, as described below. Conversely, the heater may be initially designed, 8102862 -7- as a wood burning appliance, and may be; converted into a stove for burning coal through; application of the principles and construction of the bee! preferred embodiment. In the following description So it will be clear that although the coal-fired version of the appliance will be in the first place! described, the heater shown can be changed i i | built of a wood - firing version ; to a coal-firing embodiment and vice versa.

| | Referring to Fig. 1, a heating device 8 according to the invention has an external frame 10. i which is preferably made of heavy cast iron. The side- . i: i den 12a, 12b, front wall 12c with doors 12e, 12f, de; i 15! back wall 12g, top wall 12h with door 14 and bottom! 12i of the frame are connected to form a coherent air; form a dense unit. The front swing doors 12e, 12f I | allow the front heater I; to load it if desired and to view combustion when the heater is used as a fireplace. A top cover 14 of the appliance has hinges 15a, 15b with which it can pivot in an upward position, so that coal can be loaded into a primary combustion chamber 16 (fig. 3) via a smoke-free loading device 3.7 with double door. The top cover 14 is connected to a; smaller door 17a and the combination is designed around the opening; keep at least practically free from combustion gases when the top cover or. the door 14 is opened in the open position. Even when the stove is operating, dusk reels can be let in by only dropping them into the gravity-fed cistern 17b for the primary burner chamber (Fig. 7). A fireproof seal around the top frame opening ensures that the lid 14 fits airtight! on the frame.

35 i Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, air becomes! supplied to the primary combustion chamber 16 through a prim; maire inlet port 18 and a primary air supply flow channel; | ! 20 (Fig. 31. The inlet port 18 is thermostatically controlled by a thermostat 21 operating a valve 22 covering an opening 23 (Fig. 6) in the rear frame portion I2g.

81 02 8 6 2 -8- I 1! Thermostat 21 is, for example, a 5ΓΙ turn of himetal-i! .

! material which is connected to the valve 22 by an i! flexible chain 24. The heating device 8 is also front! view of a valve control lever 25, a rotatable chimney | 5 pipe collar and a manually operated night air inlet | port 27 in the side part 12a (the night air inlet port 27 is used when the appliance is working for firing wood); See U.S. Patent Application 046,326, filed June 7, 1979 (a continuation of U.S. Patent Application No.

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No. 10378608, filed September 28, 1977), here

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reference is made to both these patent applications.

Referring to Fig. 3, the elements! which are necessary for the efficient heating of co | removed and in which wood can be fired efficiently, the primary air entering through the opening 23 (fig. 6) flows through the primary air supply channel 20 to the primary combustion chamber 16. The primary. combustion chamber is generally formed by the at least substantially vertically oriented, downwardly extending firebox back plate 28, side walls 12a and 12b of | i the frame, the front doors 12e, 12f and the front wall 12c of

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| | the frame and top panel I2h and bottom panel 12i I. from the frame,

The right-hand part 29 of the combustion chamber rear 25 'plate 28 further provides for a partial separation between the primary combustion chamber 16 and that which | when firing wood is used as secondary combustion chamber 3Q, During firing wood stands i secondary combustion chamber in gas connection with the pri-I 3Q! maire combustion chamber through an opening 31 in the combustion chamber I; back plate 28. As described below, this is open! ! nfng partially blocked during coal firing and partially serves to direct the burned gases to a long heat exchange channel. A combined primary / secondary air supply flow channel 32 (FIG. 4) is formed for the primary and secondary combustion chamber from the thermostatically controlled inlet port 18 and includes | a first perforated section 36 (Fig. 41, which extends

Extends from inlet port 18 to at least almost the beginning: 40 of the secondary combustion chamber and a second perforated or apertured conduit 38 extending within the secondary combustion chamber along a lower section. the firebox backplate section 29 around the opening 31.

! 5I Furthermore, a third air supply channel 40 i is provided, which can be used to supply air from the manually controlled inlet 27 (fig. 2) to the secondary combustion chamber to maintain a minimal firing effect of wood during the night or other particular ilO periods of operation with low heat output. The air supply channel 40 further supplies supplemental oxygen for secondary combustion into the secondary combustion chamber of the products of the primary combustion when firing wood.

Behind the firebox back plate 28 there are a number of connecting smoke channels 104, 106, 108 (fig.

| ; 4). These channels direct the waste flue gases out of the! I secondary combustion chamber along a long heat exchange chamber ! sew, first to the left end of the unit (viewed from the front i20), then into an up channel or passage 106 | back to the right part of the stove and then continue to- | high in the upper channel 108 and back to the left part ί: of the stove, where they eventually exit through the 1 flue pipe collar 26. The secondary combustion chamber, 25 together with the flue channels forms the firing passage. Since the heat I! of the flue gases is substantial and is transferred to 'i; the surfaces of the stove, when the flue gases pass through the ducts, a significant amount of heat is dissipated I sent to the room instead of being lost j3Q through the chimney. Since the channels are adjacent to the primary combustion chamber, higher temperatures are maintained within the primary combustion chamber, which helps to maintain the combustion chamber. Burn volatile gaseous products from the burning fuel. The flue pipe collar 26 is preferably rotatable so that the appliance can operate with a horizontal discharge or a vertical discharge. The flue pipe collar 1 is attached to an oblique rear portion 50, which is attached to | the rear and top frame part of the appliance. The 40 flue pipe collar is secured to the oblique surface of the 81 02 8 62 -10-1 rear section by two collar bolts 56 (only one of which is shown). The two bolts are on opposite side | ; attached to the flue pipe collar, i - Referring to Figs. 4 and 6, the i 5 I thermostatically controlled inlet port 18 supplies air for the primary airflow 20 as well as the primary / secondary airflow 32. The ambient air enters through the opening 23 in the frame back wall 12g and is almost immediately distributed over the flow channels 20/32 by a dividing plate 10! 70. That part of the incoming air that passes in it becomes! flow channel 32 "directed along the firebox backplate 28 and forced to follow a path adjacent to the firebox backplate through a containment member 72. The containment member 72 directs the; airflow to the opening 31 in the plate 28. Along the flow channel 22, however, there are openings 73 in the firebox backplate 28, which direct a portion of the flow to the primary combustion chamber. In order to obtain a substantially uniform flow of air in the opening 31 when firing wood, the cross-sectional area of the feed channel, which is formed by the retaining part 72 in combination with the combustion chamber back plate 28, becomes considerably larger | as the channel approaches the opening, as shown in FIG. This promotes the necessary volume distribution! I of the flow to promote a substantially uniform air flow | 25 in the opening. The | ends at opening 31 retaining portion 72 spaced and aligned parallel to the | ! seat back plate 28, for example at 80 (FIG. 3), so that the flow of secondary air flows at least substantially unimpeded into the secondary chamber at the opening 31, De at 30; Secondary air supplied through opening 31 is also preheated due to the proximity of the firebox back plate 28, thereby increasing the efficiency of the secondary combustion chamber (when firing wood).

That part of the pass through the opening 23 passe-35 | ambient air running following primary flow channel 20 | j passes through the firebox backplate 28 at the bottom j; i of this plate (fig. 3) and is supplied to the primary; combustion chamber along the side wall 12a. A pipe system i can be used if desired when firing wood.

40 The primary air is supplied at a continuous flow of 8102862 -11-! I the combustion-sustaining oxygen over the entire bottom depth! to promote the combustion chamber.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, the guide plate assembly has the flue gases along the curved 5 direct heat exchange channel in the space between the combustion chamber back plate j 28 and the rear wall 12g, a bottom guide plate! | 9Q. and an upper guide plate 92. The illustrated lower | Guide plate 9Q has two cast plate parts 94 and 96 which meet along their length to form the guide plate 90 10, when the firebox back plate 28 is put in place: The guide plate 90 extends at least substantially from the side wall 12b to a point at the side wall 12a. The illustrated guide 92 extends above the guide plate 90 and has a pair of flat cast support members 98, 10Q which support a guide plate 102 extending at least substantially from the side wall 12a to a point at the top. side wall 22b. The flue gases are thereby directed from the horizontal channel 104 to the horizontal channel 106 and then to the third horizontal channel 108, from which they exit through the flue pipe collar 26.

| i The heater also has a valve, | ; allowing the appliance to be used as a salon stove and | as a fireplace. In the position of fig. 5 the appliance can be turned on! used as a fireplace, with the flue gases exiting from the primary combustion chamber along a path, generally is indicated in common with the arrow 114. When the valve is closed, that is to say placed in the position indicated by the dashed line 215, the heating appliance functions as a stove and the heating gases emit at least substantially as is when burning wood. indicated by the arrow i 220 (fig. 31, (When fuel is loaded into the appliance yia the top cover 24, the chimney must be open or i | otherwise the smoke will flow from the opening in the top panel 12h);

Referring to Figs. 2 and 5, the back! wall I2g a row of waves 122, 124, 126 protruding outwardly from the plane of the rear wall 12g. These waves form additional heat radiation surfaces for the heater to increase the heat delivered to the ambient air. Furthermore, the waves are a suitable means for 8102862 -12-! To supply night air from the manually controlled inlet port j27 to the secondary combustion chamber through the night air flow channel 40. The lower wave 126 is closed by a plate 130 and is used to draw the night air into or at least! i I 5to lead to the secondary combustion chamber.

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Referring to Fig. 7, in which the additional coal firing components are added, the stove 8, when configured for coal firing, includes a grate assembly 140, a cistern assembly 17b, 10, and multiple guide plates including of upright guide plates 142, 144. An ashtray 146 is also provided.

By adding these parts, the stove for firing wood is converted into an ivory firing version.

The grating assembly 140 has a plurality of rotatable grating elements 152, 154, 156 disposed in a horizontal plane and circumferentially surrounded by a vertical grating assembly having a vertical rear grating 160, a vertical front grating 162, and vertical side grids 164 and 166 (in Figs. 7 and 8). The elements of the grate assembly form the coal support basket, in which the combustion of the coals takes place.

The coals are directed to the grate assembly i by the cistern assembly 17b. The inclined cistern assembly 17b has a fixed upper cistern 172 and an adjustable lower cistern part 174. By adjusting the height of the lower cistern part 174 above the flat top surface of the grate elements 152, 154, 156, which height: at depends first of all on the particle size of the coal to obtain a coal firing bed of suitable thickness, a coal firing zone of the correct design can be | . obtained.

The primary air enters the primary combustion chamber at a level below the grate assembly. Again, it is stated that the primary air enters; I '. : Occurs through one of two channels. The first channel 20 provides; the primary air to the left of the unit, while!. the second channel 32 supplies primary air through the openings: 73 in the firebox backplate 28. It is important that these; 40 do not air around the grille assembly · and the 81 02 8 62 -13- supported therein! A bed of burning coal flows around it, and therefore a guide plate construction is used which prevents the primary air from flowing around the coal bed. On the left! : side of the grille assembly prevents the guide plate i 5! 144 here.in combination with the side grille 164, which directs the primary air around the grille assembly to the left of the: i! ; device flows, the front of the guide i; plate 144 fits the front panel 12h of the heating appliance; imagine. A similar construction with the guide plate ilO: 142 and the vertical grid 166 prevents the primary | I air flows around the coal bed on the right side of the primary combustion chamber. In front of it! The grille assembly has the vertical guide plate 162 a gasket 180 mounted thereon, which has a sealing contact; 15 with the front doors 12e and 12f when they are closed. This construction prevents primary air from circulating around the grille assembly at the front of the stove flows.

At the rear of the primary combustion heater, the vertical back plate blocks the path i of primary air, which tries to flow around the coal bed. On this back section is the left part of ί! j the opening 31 to at least the vertical guide plate! 142 blocked by a plate member 182, which prevents primary air and / or combustion products from escaping therethrough, which prevents secondary air from being supplied thereto and which, in conjunction with the firebox back plate 28, prevents the vertical rear grille 160 and side grille 142, that primary air flows around the grille assembly. Furthermore, the blocking element 182 is at; Preferably a removable door, which can be removed if desired to remove backward gathering ! allow lumbar axis. An ashtray 146 is arranged under it! grate assembly. The combustion products exit the primary combustion chamber through slots 188.

Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the grille assembly is mounted in the stove as follows. Beginning I | with the empty primary combustion chamber of fig. 3 | ; first put the right side guide plate 142 in place. Then the vertical rear grille 160 is slid into the working position at the side guide plate 142 into 81 02 8 62 -14- I and j partially supported by it. The guide plate 142 thus prevents the longitudinal movement of the rear grille 160 and 1 ; aids forward transverse movement of the grille 160; Prevent by an appropriate protruding rib 189. The rib 189 engages at least almost sealingly on the rear grate: in order to prevent the combustion gases from forming in any other way; then exit through slots 189a and primary air flows around the primary combustion chamber.

Next, the left guide plate I; 144 retracted into the primary combustion chamber and supports | ; through the vertical rear grille on one side and through an outlet; ; protruding lip protruding from the front frame part 12c.

; Then a shaking mechanism 192 is placed outside the stove! assembled and placed in the stove at its working position. The j! shaking mechanism, as described in more detail below, has a number of pivot arms 194, which provide a connection Connecting element 19 & to the horizontal grating elements 152, 154, 156. The connecting element 196 is moved in an already-substantially rectilinear direction by a rod! 1.9.8, which in turn is connected to a shaking handle 200 I in the front from the stove.

! Subsequently, the horizontal grating elements 152, 154, 156 are retracted, first into the grating support openings, which are provided in the right guide plate 142, and then into the grate support openings, which are provided in the left guide plate 144. Before being presented in the openings of the left guide plate, the ends 202 of the horizontal grating elements 3Q are inserted through support openings 203 of the pivot arms 194 and then through the openings in the guide plate 144. The rooster-! Ments are moved to their left most stop position i (corresponding to the end of the key construction at ends 2021 and then the vertical right grille 166 and vertical left grille 164 are put in place.

! [The grille 166 is placed to the right of a flange or collar 206! in the illustrated embodiment, position and rest on the right end 2 (18. of the horizontal grating elements. For each grating element, the flange 206 is placed to the left of the vertical right 4Q grating 166 for a sideways right movement of 81 02 8 6 2 To prevent the horizontal grating elements, the horizontal grating elements are thus received and thereby retained in the working position in the longitudinal direction.

I; The last element of the grating assembly, the front vertical grating 162 is slid into receiving grooves on the right respectively. left vertical grille.

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iHere, the front vertical grille is received and I held against horizontal movement; the interlocking! The construction of the vertical side grilles and the vertical! The front grille prevents the side grids from moving horizontally sideways.

The grid assembly thus obtained forms a coal support basket. The bottom 207 of the vertical; bare grating elements are preferably toothed about the primary! i, 15 direct air further into the coal bed.

Each. of the depicted horizontal grid; elements 152, 154, 156 have the same construction (see fig.

11I. Each horizontal grating element has at one end, for example the end 208, the flange or collar 206, and at its other end 20.2 a part 21Q with a wedge-shaped cross-section, which fits on a corresponding wedge-shaped | J zone in the swing arms 194 of the rocker assembly. The part ! 210 with wedge-shaped cross section has a limited leg.

The central portion of the horizontal grating 25 elements is serrated so that a row of teeth 212 on each side! ; from a central support beam. 214 protrudes (Figures 8 and 11). In the working position, these grating elements form at least a virtually; closed surface for supporting the coal particles, which surface is nevertheless sufficiently open for the shaft to drop through it.

The support beam 214 is particularly advantageous in order to prevent the grating element from warping.

! The support beam therefore has a greater vertical extension in the center than at its ends. This greater vertical; 35 provides extension for greater support, which effectively counteracts warping of the horizontal grit elements under the high temperatures to which; they can be exposed while burning the coal.

Referring to Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the 8102862 -16- shaker assembly 192 as noted above has a connector; element 196 connecting the pivot arms 194, so that if it exceeds; The binding element is moved along a substantially rectilinear path through the rod 198, the pivot arms all simultaneously moving therewith and pivoting about respective horizontal axes 220 of the respective horizontal grid assemblies. Each swing arm has two openings, the first upper opening 203 through which protrudes the wedge-shaped end 202 of the horizontal grating element, and the second opening, a key-shaped opening 224, which is formed all around and under a : Pivoting a key-shaped part of an L-shaped lip 226, which forms one piece with the connecting element 194. Each pivoting arm is rotatably mounted around the L-shaped lips 226 in that the pivoting arm is inclined at a considerable angle, preferably larger then has been slid 45 ° with the vertical (Fig. 9) on the keyhole-shaped opening 224 over the lip 226 and then the; swivel arm is rotated in its vertical position. Each swing arm can rotate about the lip 226 at a limited angle, while the swing arm remains stable and securely attached thereto.

20 The shaking rod 198 that. before his free end in a:! . An opening is placed at the end of the connecting element 196: i 1, protrudes at its other end through the front of i! ! the heater and is connected to the shake lever j; 200 to be moved by that. As noted above, 25! the cistern assembly includes the fixed top cistern element 172 and a movable lower cistern element 174.

| : The top cistern element in one piece has I! shaped lips 201 resting on the top frame portion; 12h at the loading opening therein. The entire cistern assembly | 30. can therefore be easily removed, for example if the | it is desirable to burn wood.

The cistern element 172 consists of two parts, which fit together along at least substantially further; vertical seams 24Q and at the seams are for example connected with a screw: 35 i connection. The top cistern element 172! has a door 17a at the top thereof, which is connected to the top door 14, so that when the top door is opened, the bottom door opens automatically thereafter. In this way, the condensation on the top of the cistern is reduced and the amount of gas; 81 0 2 8 6 2 -17-! which flows into the room to be heated is reduced. In a preferred embodiment of the invention. the cistern elements are connected to each other so that the top cistern element 172 holds the lower cistern element 174 i with a press fit. Press fit is enhanced by ribs 242 on the top cistern elements and a lip 244 on the bottom cistern element. The ribs and lip construction provide an increased degree of stability to the body the cistern system.

The blocking member 182 closes that part of the opening 31 which extends into what becomes a somewhat reduced primary combustion chamber. This blocking member is preferably mounted with a screw so that it can be periodically removed to remove the ash from behind the firebox back plate 28. The ash collects during the normal operation of the stove.

In operation, the valve is placed in the open position to obtain higher chimney temperature, for example, when the appliance is operating in the spring or fall, or when the coals have just been lit. The valve therefore makes it possible to adapt the stove to different operating conditions in a favorable manner. Thus, a coal firing heater is obtained in which a large amount of primary air is supplied around a grate assembly provided with guide plates directing the primary air through the grate assembly and thence through the burning coal bed. heating the ilucbt as it passes through it to help improve the combustion efficiency in the primary combustion chamber 3Q. When the valve is closed, the air, as it exits from the primary combustion chamber, is forced to the guide plate 142 (which has the only combustion product outlet port) and thereby directed to exit through the right-hand portion 250 of the opening: 3531. The combustion products thereby pass through the above-described long heat exchange channel, whereby a coal-firing device with higher efficiency is obtained.

The tilted ash removal device is especially useful for American 40s. The ash removal system uses a double 8102862 -18-. j '"" "· .......... ...................":; operation, causing movement of the shaking handle 200 to be axial!. rotation of the horizontal grating elements 152, 154, 156 S | and simultaneously the front vertical guide plate | 162 is supported by the vertical side grids above the plane of the horizontal grating elements, so that a snail plug can be inserted into a slot 252 between the underside of the front vertical grating and the top face of the horizontal grating elements to further aid in beneficial removal of the ash The snail plug is an at least substantially flattened poker, which fits into the slot 252.

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The invention is not limited to the described embodiments which can be modified within the scope of the invention.

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Claims (14)

2. Heater as claimed in claim 1, 20 wherein the grate elements each consist of an elongated! part with teeth and a central support beam, characterized in that the support beam (214) is in a dimension of lead! right on the plane. of the toothed part (212) in the center | has a greater extent than at the ends of the toothed portion (212) ! 3. Heater as claimed in claim 1! m e t h. e t k. characterized in that the elongated toothed portion (212) has a first and second protruding elongated support member (202, 208) at its respective ends, said support members cooperating with support openings around the grids; ; horizontal axis of rotation, the first | support member (208) is provided with a flange (206) which together operates with a vertical side grille (166) to enclose the grille element along the horizontal axis of rotation. 4 »Heating appliance according to claim 1, with h. characterized in that a solid cistern element ι (172) is cooperatively supported by the top frame; : j:; ι part to direct the coals from an opening in this part ί .......... and a movable cistern element (174) is adjustable mounted 81 02 8 6 2 -20- on the fixed cistern element (174) 172) at the bottom; thereof to direct the coals from the solid cistern element to the grate assembly, the fixed cistern element (172) comprising a first and second parts, which meet together at least substantially vertical seams and between which the adjustable cistern part can be in a fixed position. be confirmed. 5. Heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the front vertical grille (162) on the front of the heater; turned side has a gasket that forms a seal: when the front doors (12e, 12f) of the heater; are closed, so that the primary air from under the grille; assembly not between the front doors and the front vertical j15 | grate can flow around the coal burning zone. 6. Heater as claimed in claim 1, | characterized by a valve movable between a first position (1101 in which the exiting combustion products of the appliance have a high chimney temperature and a second position (116) in which the combustion products leave the appliance with a lower chimney temperature -: rature,: i 7. Heater as claimed in claim 3, not characterized in that the first support part (202) of each grating element has a wedge-shaped cross section (210), the means (192) for pivoting the grille back and forth provided with a number of swing arms (194); i in which each arm is connected to the; wedge-shaped cross-section of the first support member, which protrudes through a corresponding wedge-shaped opening in the | : swing arm, while a connecting element (190) the swing arms to pivot synchronously about the axes of rotation, | wherein a sliding rod (198) is arranged to pivot the connecting element back and forth at least substantially in a linear manner, so that the grating elements pass through the pivot arms about them! pivot axes are pivoted back and forth. Heating appliance according to claim 7, with the k. note that the connecting element (1961!) is provided with a body with which an L-shaped lip (226}, which is part with 8102862-21; a first cross section at the body, is formed in one piece for each pivot arm. and has a portion spaced from the body with a second key section cross section, each pivot arm having an opening, the cross section of which corresponds to the second section, the thickness at this opening being no greater than the minimum position between the second cross-section lip portion and the body so that the pivot arm can be locked onto the L-shaped lip and rotate Firmly and stably through a limited angle to the part thereof with the first cross section. 9. Heater according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a heat conducting frame enclosing a primary combustion chamber, a guide plate assembly which is in gas communication with the primary combustion chamber and forms a long internal heat exchange channel, and a primary air supply channel supplying air to promote combustion in the primary combustion chamber, the top portion of the frame being formed with a combustion product outlet opening in gas communication with the guide plate assembly to form a | form an exhaust port for the combustion products, note that the means (142, 144) make it pink! | support assembly above the primary air supply! (20.) for the primary combustion chamber (16) with means (142, 144, 182) fitted to prevent it | the primary air can escape from the primary combustion chamber (16); steps without passing through the grille assembly (140). 10. Heater according to claim; i; 9, characterized in that the support openings for i i3Q | the grating elements are arranged in the latter; means (142, 144, 182). 11. Device for converting an L-heater of wood-burning coal to coal, which heater is provided with a heat-conducting frame 35 enclosing a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, which is in gas communication with the primary. combustion, and a guide plate assembly, which! ; gas connection to the secondary combustion chamber and I! forms a long internal heat exchange channel, with a diff 40. Tically oriented, downwardly directed firebox back plate separates the primary and secondary combustion chambers; a part of this plate being at a distance from the i. j; bottom surface of the frame to form an opening, which connects the primary and secondary combustion chambers to the gas combustion! 5; bond therebetween, wherein a primary air admixture; feed channel supplies air to the combustion in the primary transport; combustion chamber and a secondary air supply channel extends at least along the downward firebox back plate to provide preheated air for i | ·. jlO the secondary combustion chamber at the opening, where! ! the upper part of the frame has an outlet in gas! | communicates with the baffle plate assembly and forms an exhaust port for the combustion products, which is characterized by means for preventing pre-heated air from entering the opening in the primary combustion chamber, which means are provided with means (142 ) directing the exhaust gases from the primary combustion chamber through a first part of the opening to the secondary combustion chamber, so that the gases pass through the long heat exchange channel, means (182) which block the remaining part of the opening to prevent the air between the primary and secondary combustion chambers, passes a grate assembly (140) to fix the coals means (142, 144) for extending the grille assembly above the | 25: primary air supply for the primary combustion chamber! ; supports, means (192) to swing back and forth the grate assembly and means (17b) to remove unburned coals from: the top part of the heater to the rosette! : to aim tersajtienstel, I! 30. Device according to claim 11, wherein the grating assembly comprises at least two grating elements, each of which is rotatable about a corresponding horizontal! ; axle, a front vertical grille, a rear vertical 1. grille and a first and second vertical side grille, provided by means (104, 166) for supporting the front vertical grille above the level of! the rotatable grille elements, so that a horizontal | slot. (.252) through which a snail plug can be inserted! pushed around the coals in the primary combustion chamber [! 40 (161 to fire ', 81 02 8 6 2 -2 3- * The device of claim 12, wherein I | the grating elements each comprise an elongated part with teeth and a central support beam, characterized in that | j the support beam (214) in its center a dimension perpendicular 5; in the plane of the toothed portion (212), which is larger i. then the dimension in this direction at the ends of the notched portion (212). ; i Device according to claim 11, characterized by a side guide plate (144), means IQ1 for supporting the side guide plate at a distance from the bottom of the frame, so as to form an opening through which part of the primary air supply can pass to the space between the grating elements and the frame bottom, with the grating support means (142, 144) supporting openings in 15 'the side guide plate (144). and the exhaust gas straightening means (142) for supporting the grid elements! | for their swinging motion. 15. Device as claimed in claim 14, wherein each grating element consists of an elongated toothed part with! 20 a first and second elongated support member (202, 208) protruding at their respective ends and which cooperate with the support openings to arrange the grids along horizontal lines. 1 zonal rotational axes, characterized in that the | | first elongated support member (208) has a flange (206) which cooperates with the vertical side grille (166) to form the grille. ; on; close the element along the horizontal axis of rotation. 16. Device according to claim 14, e -! k. And by a fixed cistern element (172), that: i i interacts with the top frame portion to direct the coals out of an opening from the top frame portion, a moving | adjustable cistern element (174) adjustablely mounted on j; the solid cistern element (172) at its lower part to guide the coal from the solid cistern element to the grate elements, the solid cistern element (172) 35 'consisting of a first and second parts, which are joined together -! j working along at least almost vertical seams and! : between which the adjustable cistern element can be fixed in a fixed position j with a press fit. 17. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the front vertical furrow (162) 81 02 8 6 2: LC i: * -24- | This side of the heater facing the front of the heater has a gasket (180) which forms a seal when the front doors (12e, 12f) of the heater are closed, allowing the primary air to flow from under the vent. i 5 -ter assembly not between the front doors and the front vertical bare grate around the coal burning zone. 18. Device according to claim 11, m e t. ! ! characterized in that each grid element has a first | support member (202) having a wedge cross-section (210) and the means (192) for pivoting the grate elements back and forth include a plurality of pivot arms (194), each arm being connected to the wedge cross-section by the grate element of the first aid part, which by; I insert a corresponding key-shaped opening in the pivot arm, the pivot arms being connected together by a connecting element (196) to pivot synchronously about the rotation shafts, and wherein a sliding rod (198) is capable of reciprocating the connecting member in a substantially rectilinear direction, so that the grid members are pivoted back and forth by the pivot arms 20 about their axes of rotation. 19. Device according to claim 18, with: 1 ih. It is characterized that the connecting element (196) has a body which has an L-shape connected in one piece to it. my lip (226) for each pivot arm, which lips are spaced apart from each other, each lip at the body being a | part.with a first cross-section and at a distance from the | body has a second key-beard-shaped cross-section and each pivot arm has an opening, the cross section of which corresponds to the second cross section, the thickness of the pivot arm at the opening being no greater than the minimum distance between the lip part with the second transverse! section and body, so that the swing arm can be locked to the L-shaped lip and rotate stably and securely. at a limited angle to the part thereof with the first cross-section, 11. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the locking means (182) can be releasably secured in place, so that the blocking means 11821 can be removed to facilitate access. to the secondary combustion chamber (30) in order to be able to remove the 8102862 * -25- ash collected therein. 21. Device as claimed in claim 11, with i:! i, i characterized in that the means (142) for connecting the outlet i | i gases from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary | ! | 5 combustion chamber are provided with slotted openings (189a) on its upper part to allow a gas connection of | the primary combustion chamber (16) to the secondary combustion! combustion chamber (30). 22. Device according to claim 11, characterized by a valve which is movable between a first position (110) in which the combustion products of the appliance exiting have a high chimney temperature, and a second position (116) in which the combustion products leaving the appliance have a lower chimney temperature. ; i I; I I: i i; j; i j! i i 1 ij *; L ...! i I 81 02 8 62