NL2031080B1 - Saline-alkali land improvement bio-organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and preparation method - Google Patents

Saline-alkali land improvement bio-organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2031080B1
NL2031080B1 NL2031080A NL2031080A NL2031080B1 NL 2031080 B1 NL2031080 B1 NL 2031080B1 NL 2031080 A NL2031080 A NL 2031080A NL 2031080 A NL2031080 A NL 2031080A NL 2031080 B1 NL2031080 B1 NL 2031080B1
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coal gangue
saline
coal mine
organic fertilizer
gangue
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NL2031080A
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Dutch (nl)
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Aikebaier Yilahong
Wang Lijun
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Inner Mongolia Yuanzhou Resources And Environment Science And Tech Development Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: grinding coal gangue using microorganisms, conducting first - level crushing, drying and ball milling; screening with a 0.05mm sieve; adding bacteria and starter liquid in a pit fermentation tank; conducting aerobic fermentation; releasing carbon, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium and magnesium nutrients in the coal gangue during fermentation; after mixing evenly, adding decomposed cow and sheep manure; mixing 70% of coal gangue and 30% of cow and sheep manure into balls by weight; adding the bacteria for secondary fermentation; and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer based on coal gangue. The organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention can well improve the saline - alkali land and regulate the type and content of cations of the saline - alkali land, increase the content of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and simultaneously supplement the medium and trace mineral elements required for plant growth.

Description

SALINE - ALKALI LAND IMPROVEMENT BIO - ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON COAL
GANGUE AND PREPARATION METHOD Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of bio - organic fertilizers, and more particularly relates to a saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and a preparation method.
Background Soil salinization means that the climate is arid, the evaporation is much greater than the precipitation, the soluble salts in the soil move to the surface with the water, and after the water evaporates, the salt will accumulate on the soil surface, making the soil surface contain too much salt so that crops are reduced or unable to grow. Soil salinization not only harms the soil conditions on which the crops depend, but also affects the growth of the crops, resulting in lack of seedlings or death of crops, thereby hindering the development of agricultural production. Soil salinization is an important limiting factor for the development of local agricultural economy.
Coal gangue is the waste in the process of coal mining and washing, and is currently one of the industrial solid wastes with the largest emission. The coal gangue accumulates for a long time, occupies cultivated land, pollutes water quality, and generates H2S, SO: and other harmful gases after spontaneous combustion, thereby causing air pollution, constituting double damage to ecology and environment and increasing the greenhouse effect. The coal gangue is a natural resource that can be exploited and utilized. In the process of utilization of the coal gangue, there are generally problems such as insufficient utilization of resources and insignificant economic benefits, and sometimes there is serious secondary pollution, which restricts the development and application of comprehensive utilization processes and technologies of the coal gangue. Vigorous comprehensive utilization of the coal gangue not only can reduce land pressure and improve environmental quality, but also can optimize and adjust the industrial structure of enterprises and divert surplus personnel.
The role of the bio - organic fertilizer can improve soil, improve soil fertility, form the advantage of beneficial microbial groups in the soil, enhance the disease resistance of the crops, improve the yield and quality of agricultural products, and reduce nitrate content.
Therefore, it is an urgent problem to be solved in this field to research and develop a saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and a preparation method.
Summary In view of this, the present invention develops a saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and a preparation method. According to the research on the characteristics of coal gangue, the organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention can well improve the saline - alkali land and regulate the type and content of cations of the saline - alkali land, increase the content of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and simultaneously supplement the medium and trace mineral elements required for plant growth.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: A preparation method of a saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue is provided. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: grinding coal gangue using microorganisms, conducting first - level crushing, drying and ball milling; screening with a 0.05mm sieve; adding bacteria and starter liquid in a pit fermentation tank; conducting aerobic fermentation; releasing carbon, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium and magnesium nutrients in the coal gangue during fermentation; after mixing evenly, adding decomposed cow and sheep manure; mixing 70% of coal gangue and 30% of cow and sheep manure into balls by weight; adding the bacteria for secondary fermentation; and drying to obtain the saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue.
Preferably, in the aerobic fermentation process, the bacteria added per ton of coal gangue are 100 - 200 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus and 50 - 100 g of Bacillus megatherium, and the starter liquid added per ton of coal gangue is 1 kg of EM (Effective microorganisms) bacterial liquid.
Preferably, in the secondary fermentation process, 50 - 100 million EM bacterial liquid of viable bacteria is added per ton of coal gangue.
A saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue is provided. The organic fertilizer is prepared according to the preparation method of the saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The quality of agricultural products is improved: the coal gangue is used as a fertilizer, which can improve the soil structure and enhance the fertility of the soil. Pollution is not caused, but can be removed. The present invention has the effect of improving the quality of crops, increases crop yield by 12% - 15% and improves the quality of the agricultural products.
Secondary pollution will not be caused. A coal gangue fertilizer produced from the coal gangue has no negative impact on the agrochemical properties of the soil and water sources. The content of heavy metals in the coal gangue is within the range permitted by the nation and will not cause secondary pollution. The coal gangue is rich in organic carbon (organic matter), which can greatly increase the content of organic matter in the soil after being applied to the soil. Soil organic matter is not only the source of plant mineral nutrition and organic nutrition, but also the energy material of heterotrophic microorganisms in the soil. The soil organic matter directly affects soil fertility, moisture retention, buffering, tillage, air permeability and soil temperature. Therefore, the content of the organic matter is one of the important indicators of soil fertility. The saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue prepared by the present invention is rich in trace elements, especially trace elements such as copper, calcium, zinc, iron,
manganese and the like necessary for the growth of crops. Moreover, an appropriate amount of trace elements can be added for different soil structures in the process of developing and processing the coal gangue fertilizer. Detailed Description The technical solutions in embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and fully described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those ordinary skilled in the art without contributing creative labor will belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and a preparation method.
The method comprises: grinding coal gangue using microorganisms, conducting first - level crushing, drying and ball milling; screening with a 0.05mm sieve; adding bacteria and starter liquid in a pit fermentation tank; conducting aerobic fermentation; releasing carbon, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium and magnesium nutrients in the coal gangue during fermentation; after mixing evenly, adding decomposed cow and sheep manure; mixing 70% of coal gangue and 30% of cow and sheep manure into balls by weight; adding the bacteria for secondary fermentation; and drying to obtain the saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue.
In the aerobic fermentation process, the bacteria added per ton of coal gangue are 100 - 200 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus and 50 - 100 g of Bacillus megatherium, and the starter liquid added per ton of coal gangue is 1 kg of EM bacterial liquid.
In the secondary fermentation process, 50 - 100 million EM bacterial liquid of viable bacteria is added per ton of coal gangue.
A saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue is prepared according to the preparation method of the saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue.
By collecting coal gangue samples from Wangzhuang Mine in Lu'an, 3 tons of coal gangue bio - organic fertilizers produced in the embodiment of the present invention are used per mu of saline - alkali land to improve the saline - alkali land; corn is planted on the saline - alkali land; and a comparative example is set as blank control. Corn growth and the growth changes from sowing to harvest are researched and observed. After content analysis by a plasma direct - reading emission spectrometer, the test results of improvement on the saline - alkali land by the saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and the blank control are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Composition of the saline - alkali land improvement bio - organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and saline - alkali land improvement effect No. Coal Coal Improve- Saline - Saline - Organic Unit gangue slime ment bio- alkali alkali fertilizer organic land land after | standard fertilizer before improve NY525 - improve ment 2021 We [em | ew | em | en [sees | Ses ||| | wo | ew | | ok Available 131 112 499.2 13.44 95.66 mg/kg men El ll Ea I Available 18.56 20.11 413.6 14.94 26.11 mg/kg FE Oe a a a Available 27.32 23.0 5960 159.44 388.23 mg/kg [sew ll Ml ll Togs | Ga | 0S | 295 | oo | os | | ok Total 0.358 0.450 4.20 0.140 0.180 g/kg ns | A Skond | #6 | 55 | ®5 | ws | ma | | ok a | 7 EE BE | | CC Fso | 3 | 7 | ws | is | a1 | | ok In the present invention, the coal gangue is transformed into an improvement bio - organic fertilizer through a series of processing, and then the improvement bio - organic fertilizer is used to improve the saline - alkali land. It can be seen from Table 1 above that the pH of the saline - alkali land is 9.02, which is slightly alkaline. This pH indicates that the local soil salinization is relatively serious, and improvement is urgently needed to reduce the salinity and pH in the soil. The pH of coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is 8.16, which is much lower than that of the saline - alkali land. The coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer can be used to appropriately reduce the pH of the saline - alkali land, improve the soil environment of the saline - alkali land, and facilitate the growth and development of plants. The available nitrogen, the available phosphorus and the available potassium can be quickly absorbed and utilized by the plants, and the content of the available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is much higher than that in saline - alkali land. The content of the available nitrogen, the available phosphorus and the available potassium in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is
37.13 times, 27.68 times, 37.38 times of the saline - alkali land. The content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is also relatively high, and the organic matter content in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is 205 times of the saline - alkali land. This shows that when the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer improves the saline - alkali land, a large amount of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic 5 matter can be supplemented in the saline - alkali land to meet the requirements of plant growth. At the same time, humic acid in the organic matter has a special promotion effect on root development, stimulates the division and growth of root tissue cells, makes seedlings grow roots quickly, increases secondary roots, increases root volume, and elongates root systems, thereby eventually greatly enhancing the capability of the crops to absorb water and nutrients. At the same time, the volatilization of carbon dioxide in the saline - alkali land is reduced, and the carbon dioxide is fixed in the soil.
The pH of the saline - alkali land improved by the improvement bio - organic fertilizer is decreased from 9.02 to 8.71, and the total amount of soluble salt is decreased from 18.08 g/kg to
8.58 g/kg, by 87.41%. The improvement effect is very good. The organic matter content in the saline - alkali land is increased from 2.06 g/kg to 12.20 g/kg (generally, 3.5 - 4.5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizers are required to increase the organic matter content per mu of land by 1%), and the content of the available nitrogen, the available phosphorus and the available potassium in the saline - alkali land is also increased significantly. The composition of the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer fully conforms to the new national organic fertilizer standard in 2021, that is, the organic matter content is = 30%, the organic matter content in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is 42.23%, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the new standard is 25%, and the total nutrient content in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer is 6.5%. The pH and other contents are also within the allowable range of the new national organic fertilizer standard. This shows that the improvement bio - organic fertilizer is a very good saline - alkali land improver, which can improve the saline - alkali land from all aspects, thereby not only increasing the content of the nitrogen, the phosphorus, the potassium and the organic matter in the saline - alkali land, but also providing a large amount of trace elements required for plant growth and development for the saline - alkali land. The coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer can provide a carbon source for organisms in the saline - alkali land, which is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of the microorganisms. The coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer also contains a certain amount of humic acid which has a special promoting effect on root development.
The contents of some toxic heavy metals in the coal gangue bio - organic fertilizer and the saline - alkali land are within the standards of Soil Quality - Soil environmental quality Risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land and NY884 - 2012 Bio - organic Fertilizer, and the content of toxic heavy metals is much lower than that in the standards. The content of some heavy metal elements such as lead in the coal gangue organic fertilizer is lower than that of the saline - alkali land, and the content of cadmium is basically the same as that of the saline - alkali land, which shows that the improvement bio - organic fertilizer has no side effect on the improvement of the saline - alkali land, and can also fix the toxic heavy metals in the saline - alkali land. Because the improvement bio - organic fertilizer contains a lot of organic matter, the humic acid in the organic matter can chelate with some heavy metals and the heavy metals are fixed to form a relatively stable state. The heavy metals cannot be absorbed by the plants.
The above illustration of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to realize or use the present invention. Many modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principle defined herein can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principle and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (4)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een werkwijze voor het bereiden van een zout - alkalische grond verbeterende bio - organische meststof op basis van ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn, welke werkwijze de volgende stappen omvat: — het vermalen van het ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn met behulp van micro-organismen; — het uitvoeren van een eerste maling; — het drogen en kogelmalen; — het zeven met een zeef met een maaswijdte van 0,05 mm — het toevoegen van bacteriën en startervloeistof in een putgistingstank — het uitvoeren van aerobe gisting; — het afgeven van koolstof-, fosfor-, kalium-, silicium-, calcium- en magnesium-houdende voedingsstoffen in het ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn tijdens gisting; — na gelijkmatig mengen, het toevoegen van verteerde koeien- en schapenmest; — het vermengen van 70% van het ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn en 30% van de koeien- en schapenmest tot ballen op basis van gewicht; — het toevoegen van bacteriën voor de tweede gisting; en — het drogen om de zout - alkalische grond verbeterende bio - organische meststof op basis van ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn te verkrijgen.A method for preparing a salt-alkaline soil improving bio-organic fertilizer based on coal mine gangue, the method comprising the steps of: - crushing the coal mine gangue by microorganisms; — carrying out a first grinding; — drying and ball milling; — sieving with a sieve with a mesh size of 0,05 mm — adding bacteria and starter fluid into a pit fermentation tank — performing aerobic fermentation; — the release of carbon, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium and magnesium containing nutrients into coal mine gangue during fermentation; — after mixing evenly, adding digested cow and sheep manure; — mixing 70% of coal mine gangue and 30% of cow and sheep manure into balls by weight; — adding bacteria for the second fermentation; and — Drying to obtain the coal mine gangue salt-alkaline soil improving bio-organic fertilizer. 2. De werkwijze voor het bereiden van een zout - alkalische grond verbeterende bio — organische meststof op basis van ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn volgens conclusie 1, waarbij — in het aerobe gistingsproces de toegevoegde bacteriën per ton ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn 100 - 200 g Bacillus mucilaginosus en 50 - 100 g Bacillus megatherium zijn, en — de hoeveelheid startervloeistof per ton ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn 1 kg EM- bacteriële vloeistof bedraagt.The method for preparing a salt-alkaline soil improving bio-organic coal mine gangue fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein - in the aerobic fermentation process, the added bacteria per ton of coal mine gangue is 100-200 g Bacillus mucilaginosus and 50-100 g of Bacillus megatherium, and — the amount of starter fluid per ton of coal mine gangue is 1 kg of EM bacterial fluid. 3. De werkwijze voor het bereiden van een zout - alkalische grond verbeterende bio — organische meststof op basis van ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn volgens conclusie 1, waarbij in het secundaire gistingsproces 50 - 100 miljoen levensvatbare bacteriën van de EM bacterievloeistof wordt toegevoegd per ton ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn.The method for preparing a salt-alkaline soil improving bio-organic fertilizer based on coal mine gangue according to claim 1, wherein in the secondary fermentation process, 50-100 million viable bacteria of the EM bacterial liquor are added per ton of gangue from a coal mine. 4. Een zout - alkalische grond verbeterende bio — organische meststof op basis van ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn, die is bereid met de werkwijze voor het bereiden van de zout - alkalische grond verbeterende bio — organische meststof op basis van ganggesteente uit een kolenmijn volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 — 3.4. A salt-alkaline soil improving bio-organic coal mine gangue fertilizer prepared by the process for preparing the salt-alkaline soil improving bio-organic coal mine gangue fertilizer according to any of claims 1 — 3.
NL2031080A 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Saline-alkali land improvement bio-organic fertilizer based on coal gangue and preparation method NL2031080B1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104788265B (en) * 2015-04-30 2017-07-14 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 Salt-soda soil biological modification fertilizer and its preparation based on high sulfur coal gangue
CN107814654A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-20 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 Salt-soda soil biological bacteria improving fertilizer based on high sulfur coal gangue
CN113896578A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-07 陕西易达力生物科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from coal gangue and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104788265B (en) * 2015-04-30 2017-07-14 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 Salt-soda soil biological modification fertilizer and its preparation based on high sulfur coal gangue
CN107814654A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-20 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 Salt-soda soil biological bacteria improving fertilizer based on high sulfur coal gangue
CN113896578A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-07 陕西易达力生物科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from coal gangue and preparation method thereof

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