NL2029139B1

NL2029139B1 - Method for sticking - anchoring construction of glazed tile slope roof in severe cold area

Info

Publication number: NL2029139B1
Application number: NL2029139A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Zhang Wenli; Li Yanxiong; Li Chunhui; Huang Rui; Du Xiaomin; Song Xuejun; Liu Jianjun; Liu Yumei
Original assignee: Gansu Sixth Construction Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2021-11-18

Abstract

Described is a method for sticking - anchoring construction of a glazed tile slope roof in a 5 severe cold area, comprising the following steps: 1) pre - embedding short steel bars during concrete pouring of a roof structure layer and ridges; 2) cleaning the surface of a basic layer, and wetting; 3) conducting construction of a levelling layer; 4) sticking and anchoring insulation boards on the levelling layer; 5) conducting construction of the levelling layer after paving a glass fibre grid and galvanized steel wire meshes; 6) setting separation seams; 7) conducting construction 10 of a waterproof layer on the insulation levelling layer; 8) conducting construction of a waterproof protection layer; 9) tying up steel bar meshes of a glazed tile adhesion layer; and 10) arranging glazed tiles through a method of sticking - anchoring construction. In the present invention, the insulation boards are paved through methods of “sticking - anchoring combination” and “tying of the pre - embedded short steel bars with the glass fibre grid and the galvanized steel wire 15 meshes”; and the glazed tiles are paved and stuck by combination of “wet sticking” and “cement nail anchoring”, so that a glazed tile slope roof system in the severe cold area is firm as a whole, waterproof and durable and resistant to damage caused by high winds, seismic loads and repeated freezing - thawing circles.

Description

METHOD FOR STICKING - ANCHORING CONSTRUCTION OF GLAZED TILE SLOPE ROOF

IN SEVERE COLD AREA Technical Field The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a method for sticking - anchoring construction of a glazed tile slope roof in a severe cold area.

Background Glazed tile roofs have been widely applied in building roof construction due to the characteristics of being concise, beautiful, elegant and diversified in specifications. The southwest in Gansu is classified as a VIA severe cold area according to Chinese building climate area classification and a fortified area with Level 7 earthquake fortification intensity. In order to satisfy requirements for energy saving and thermal insulation, thick insulation layers are needed in design of roofs in severe cold areas. Without firm fixation, insulation layers and roof glazed tiles will be prone to integral or partial stripping, that leads to accidents of quality security, under repeated freezing and thawing or seismic effects. In general, cement mortar wet sticking or technologies of dry hanging of roof battens, counter battens and stainless steel are used in traditional construction of glazed tile roofs. Insulation boards are free of special fixation measures and may be further prone to cracking under repeated freezing and thawing, so that waterproof layers become cracked under pulling, leading to roof leakage.

The patent CN 104533026 A discloses a method for horizontal tile construction of an antique roof in a high - rise building, which comprises the following steps: 1) pre - embedding vertical steel bars, one end of each of which stretches out from a structure layer, in the structure layer of a roof; 2) conducting construction of a cement mortar levelling layer on the structure layer; 3) conducting construction of a waterproof layer on the levelling layer, wherein a cement polymer waterproof paint is used as a waterproof material; 4) paving a layer of steel wire meshes on the waterproof layer, and tying up and fixing the steel wire meshes with the pre - embedded steel bars pre - embedded in the structure layer; and 5) after positioning of a roof tile row, paving cement mixed mortar on the steel wire meshes as a horizontal tile layer, paving glazed tiles and fixing the tiles by iron nails that penetrate through reserved holes in the tiles. In the patent, the horizontal tiles are accurately positioned and fixed firmly by the pre - embedded steel bars, the steel wire meshes and the iron nails, so that the horizontal tiles are prevented from falling under overhead wind loads, and later use safety of the horizontal tiles of the antique roof of the high - rise building is guaranteed. However, due to special requirements for an insulation layer in the severe cold area, during construction of the glazed tile roof, both fixation firmness of the insulation layer and fixation firmness of the glazed tiles on the insulation layer should be considered so as to guarantee integrity of the insulation layer and the levelling layer thereon, and thus the layers are not prone to cracking.

Meanwhile, integrity of a glazed tile adhesion layer should be guaranteed, so that the glazed tiles are not prone to falling under loads of high winds, rain and snow.

The patent only discloses that the glazed tiles are fixed by the iron nails for enhancement of fixation firmness, so that the horizontal tiles are prevented from falling under the overhead wind loads, but fails to solve problems existing in construction of glazed tile roofs in the severe cold areas.

Summary The present invention aims to provide a method for sticking - anchoring construction of a glazed tile slope roof in a severe cold area.

Through a construction method combining wet sticking and cement nail anchoring, firmness of combination between glazed tiles and a roof system is enhanced, so that risks in breaking and falling of roof tiles, caused by factors such as heavy winds, seismic loads and freezing - thawing cycles are greatly reduced.

Meanwhile, through technical means of adding a layer of glass fibre grid and a layer of galvanized steel wire meshes on an insulation layer and a levelling layer, and disposing separation expansion joints, integrity and resistance to cracking and deformation of the insulation layer and the levelling layer are enhanced.

Hence, a problem of roof leakage caused by pull cracking of a waterproof layer due to cracking of the insulation layer and the levelling layer under repeated freezing and thawing is solved.

In order to realize the purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The method for sticking - anchoring construction of a glazed tile slope roof in a severe cold area is proposed.

The construction method is applicable to a glazed tile slope roof project with a slope gradient of 22.5 - 45°, which is provided with a block - shaped insulation layer according to energy saving requirements in a severe cold area and comprises the following specific steps: 1) pre - embedding short steel bars during concrete pouring of a roof structure layer and ridges; 2) cleaning the surface of a concrete basic layer by sweeping dust, accumulated soil and other sundries, and wetting by watering; 3) conducting construction of a cement mortar levelling layer on the roof structure layer; 4) sticking and anchoring insulation boards on the levelling layer, paving a layer of glass fibre grind using polymer mortar after sticking and anchoring, and then paving a layer of galvanized steel wire meshes; 5) conducting construction and maintenance of a levelling layer of dry and hard fine aggregate concrete on the insulation boards, 6) setting separation seams on the insulation levelling layer; 7) conducting construction of a waterproof layer on the insulation levelling layer; 8) conducting construction of a waterproof protection layer using 1:3 cement mortar on the waterproof layer; 9) tying up steel bar meshes on a glazed tile adhesion layer;

10) conducting wet sticking of glazed tiles on a cement mortar adhesion layer and then fixing the glazed tiles on a cement mortar nail holding layer by cement nails through a method of sticking - anchoring construction of the glazed tiles.

Further, the method for sticking - anchoring construction of the glazed tile slope roof in the severe cold area comprises the following specific steps: 1) pre - embedding short steel bars during concrete pouring of the roof structure layer and the ridges; specifically, pouring the slope roof with concrete continuously according to a top - to - down sequence, and before final concrete setting, inserting the short steel bars while levelling, wherein a timber formwork is used as a ridge formwork; after pouring of the concrete, pulling a horizontal pass line on the formwork and correspondingly at a middle position of the glazed tile adhesion layer; drilling the formwork along the pass line; and inserting the short steel bars in succession after drilling;

2) cleaning the surface of the concrete basic layer by sweeping dust, accumulated soil and other sundries, and wetting by watering;

3) conducting construction of the cement mortar levelling layer on the roof structure layer; specifically, pulling lines and sticking mortar cakes according to a slope gradient requirement, conducting bar punching along a drainage direction with a bar punching interval of 1.5 m, then paving cement mortar between two bars, and then scraping and trowelling according to bar punching elevations on both sides;

4) sticking and anchoring the insulation boards on the levelling layer, and conducting construction of the levelling layer of dry and hard fine aggregate concrete on the insulation boards, wherein a snapline setting is conducted before pavement and sticking of the insulation boards, the reserved steel bars in the roof structure layer penetrate the insulation boards during pavement and sticking; secondary fixation is conducted with insulation nails before final setting of the adhesion mortar; the insulation nails are ensured in four corners and the middle of each insulation board; and the insulation nail should be deepened into the basic layer by at least 50 mm;

5) paving the layer of glass fibre grid and the layer of galvanized steel wire meshes after pavement of the insulation boards, wherein a lap length between the steel wire meshes is at least 50 mm; after penetrating the insulation boards, the pre - embedded steel bars in the structure layer are pre - bent to 180° and firmly tied up with the galvanized steel wire meshes; the galvanized steel wire meshes are underlaid by 10 mm with cushion blocks disposed at an interval of 1000 mm; and then, the levelling layer of 30 mm thick C20 dry and hard fine aggregate concrete is constructed,

6) disposing the separation seams with an interval of 4 x 4 m and a seam width of 5 - 20 mm at the insulation levelling layer, filling pisolite after cleaning sundries in the separation seams, and then embedding waterproof ointment into the seams for full filling till the seams are dense and full;

7) conducting construction of the waterproof layer on the insulation levelling layer; 8) conducting construction of the waterproof protection layer using the 1:3 cement mortar on the waterproof layer; 9) tying up the steel bar meshes on the glazed tile adhesion layer; specifically, length - jointing the pre - embedded short steel bars in the ridges by welding and arranging the steel bars longitudinally in a pass length to form welded length - jointing ends of the short steel bars, wherein an interval of the steel bars is 500 mm; the steel bars are tied up horizontally with an interval of 500 mm to form steel bar meshes; and the steel bar meshes are underlaid by cushion blocks with an interval of 1000 mm; 10) conducting wet sticking of the glazed tiles on the cement mortar adhesion layer and then fixing the glazed tiles on the cement mortar nail holding layer by cement nails through the method of sticking - anchoring construction of the glazed tiles, specifically comprising the following operating steps: (1) according to a setting map of the roof tiles, determining a position of a first layer of tiles from the ridges upwards, popping up a horizontal side line of the first layer of layers, then popping up a longitudinal centre of each slope face according to a midpoint of each ridge, popping up longitudinal - horizontal side lines of all the tiles according to the horizontal line and the longitudinal centres, and hanging a longitudinal - horizontal level control line on each slope tile; (2) according to an arranged roof setting map, sticking and anchoring the glazed tiles from one side of each slope roof to the other side through down - to - top pavement, wherein during pavement and sticking, the two layers of tiles at a roof cornice are stuck and anchored at first; then, each layer of tiles is stuck and anchored from down to top from one side; the paved tiles are fixed horizontally and steadily by cement mortar and made parallel to the two layers of tiles above; and after firm sticking of each layer of glazed tiles with the cement mortar, the cement nails penetrate the holes in the glazed tiles and fixed in the cement mortar; (3) stretching the glazed tiles at the roof cornice from an eave by a length of 50 mm and using a sealing adhesive to seal joints between the lower part of the roof cornice and the roof and between the ridges and the roof after sticking and anchoring of the glazed tiles; and trowelling using cement mortar after sticking and anchoring of the glazed tiles on both sides of a gutter to form a mortar sealing layer, wherein a vertical lap length of the glazed tiles is 50 mm, and a horizontal lamp length is 30 - 40 mm; (4) cutting the glazed tiles at inclined ridges according to ridge lines and then conducting sticking and anchoring, and covering ridge tiles after sticking and anchoring of the tiles on both sides.

Further, in the method for sticking - anchoring construction of the glazed tile slope roof in the severe cold area, in construction operations of step 1), the slope roof is poured with dry and hard concrete; a slump is controlled within 90 - 110 mm; and the length of the pre - embedded short steel bars in the slope roof = 50 mm anchored into the structure layer + thickness of the insulation layer + 70 mm. Further, in construction operations of step 1), the length of the pre - embedded short steel 5 bars in the ridges = 50 mm anchored into the ridges + 150 mm.

Further, in construction operations of step 4), the galvanized steel wire mesh is a No. 18 galvanized steel wire mesh of 20 mm x 20 mm.

Further, in construction operations of step 5), conducting construction of the cement mortar levelling layer on the insulation boards comprises the steps: using C20 dry and hard fine aggregate concrete with the thickness of 30 mm and a slump controlled within 90 - 110 mm for pouring; patting and scrapping manually; conducting concrete vibration and trowelling before initial setting to guarantee that the thickness and the slope gradient of the concrete satisfy requirements; conducting secondary wiping before final setting of the concrete; and conducting maintenance by covering and watering after final setting, wherein maintenance time is at least 14 days, and during construction of the insulation levelling layer, all the pre - embedded steel bars are ensured to be anchored in the C20 fine aggregate concrete.

Further, in step 6), during construction of disposing the separation seams on the insulation levelling layer, a method of pre - embedding separation bars before concrete pouring or cutting the separation seams after concrete pouring is adopted, wherein when the separation bars are pre - embedded, the separation bars are taken out after secondary wiping before final setting; and when cutting is conducted after pouring, a cutting machine is used for cutting when the concrete intensity of the insulation levelling layer reaches 12 MPa.

Further, in step 7), construction of the waterproof layer on the insulation levelling layer comprises construction of a coil material waterproof layer or construction of a membrane waterproof layer, wherein a hot - melting full pavement method is used in the coil material waterproof layer construction; during construction of the waterproof layer; detail structures are processed at first, additional layers are made on detail parts of ridges, inside and outside corners, gutters, cornices, outfalls and deformation seams at first, and the length of the additional layers should not be less than 500 mm; coil materials are paved upwards in perpendicularity to the ridge direction from a lowest elevation, a lap width of long edges and end heads is 100 mm, and joint seams of short edges of the two adjacent coil materials on the same layer should be staggered by at least 500 mm; during coil material construction for the eaves gutters and gutters, coil materials are paved along directions of the eaves gutters and the gutters, and joint seams follow a water flowing direction; when the pre - embedded short steel bars of the ridges penetrate the waterproof layer, penetrating positions are sealed by a sealing adhesive; and after pavement and sticking of coil materials at cornice end heads and flashing parts, the coil materials are cut orderly, the cement nails are used for fixation along the length direction at an interval of 500 mm, sealing is conducted by the sealing adhesive, and the flashing parts are finally pinned and pressed fixedly by 1mm thick aluminium plates.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) Inthe present invention, the insulation boards of the slope roof are processed inventively by dual measures of “sticking - anchoring combination” and “tying of the pre - embedded short steel bars with the glass fibre grid and the galvanized steel wire meshes”, and the glazed tiles of the slope roof are paved and stuck by combination of “wet sticking” and “cement nail anchoring”, so that a glazed tile slope roof system in the severe cold area is firm as a whole, waterproof and durable and resistant to damage caused by high winds, seismic loads and repeated freezing - thawing circles;

2) In construction of the glazed tiles in the severe cold area in the present invention, through a construction method combining “wet sticking” and “cement nail anchoring”, compared with a traditional technology of wet sticking or dry hanging, firmness of combination between glazed tiles and the roof system is enhanced, so that risks in breaking and stripping of roof tiles,

caused by factors such as heavy winds, seismic loads and freezing - thawing cycles are greatly reduced;

3) Inthe present invention, the short steel bars are pre - embedded in a roof structure plate; the steel pars penetrate the insulation boards, the glass fibre grid and the galvanized steel wire meshes to form a whole body; and meanwhile, the insulation boards are paved through combination of sticking and anchoring, so that firmness of the insulation boards is ensured and thus the problem that the insulation boards of the slope roof are prone to integral stripping is solved;

4) In the present invention, through measures of adding a layer of glass fibre grid and a layer of galvanized steel wire meshes on the insulation board levelling layer, and disposing separation expansion joints on the levelling layer, integrity and resistance to cracking and deformation of the levelling layer on the insulation layer are enhanced.

Hence, the problem of roof leakage caused by pull cracking of the waterproof layer due to cracking of the levelling layer on the insulation layer under repeated freezing and thawing is solved,

5) In the present invention, the short steel bars are pre - embedded in the roof; the pre -

embedded steel bars in the ridges are jointed in length and tied up to form the steel bar meshes which are placed on the roof tile structure layer, so that integrity and structural intensity of the adhesion layer are guaranteed;

6) The construction method proposed by the present invention achieves preliminary success in construction of a project located in Xiahe County, Gannan Prefecture, Gansu Province;

capitals of RMB 104300 are saved; economic benefits are created; integral firmness, waterproofness and durability of the glazed tile slope roof system in the severe cold area; and later - stage repair cost is reduced.

Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of pre - embedded steel bars; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of fixation of insulation boards; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of construction of a waterproof protection layer; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of detail construction of cornices and drainage gutters; and Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of installation of ridge tiles.

In the figures: 1 - ridge, 2 - structure layer, 3 - short steel bar, 4 - levelling layer, 5 - insulation board, 6 - glass fibre grid, 7 - No. 18 galvanized steel wire mesh of 20 mm x 20 mm; 8 - tying bend of short steel bar, 9 - levelling layer of dry and hard fine aggregate concrete, 10 - coil material waterproof layer, 11 - cement mortar waterproof protection layer, 12 - cement mortar adhesion layer, 13 - steel bar mesh, 14 - welded length - jointing end of pre - embedded steel bar, 15 - sealing with sealing adhesive, 16 - waterproof additional layer of gutter, 17 - mortar sealing layer, 18 - cement nail, 19 - ridge line, 20 - ridge tile at inclined ridge, and 2001 - ridge tile.\ Detailed Description In order to make the purposes, solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear and easier to understand, the present invention is described below in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments, for understanding by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only applicable to explanation of the present invention, without limiting the scope of claims of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 Implementation project: a construction project of Building 1# of Comprehensive Service Center in Xiahe County, Gannan Prefecture, Gansu was built at Wangertang, Labrang Town, Xiahe County, with a framework structure of 1 underground floors and 5 aboveground floors. Commenced on April 8, 2016, the project was completed on September 8, 2017.

The designed roof of the project is a glazed tile slope roof; an insulation layer is made of 120 mm thick thermoset modified fireproof insulation boards; a waterproof layer is made of a 4 mm thick SBS modified bituminous waterproof coil material; and the roof slope gradient is 23°. Specific construction steps comprise: 1) pre - embedding short steel bars during concrete pouring of a roof structure layer and ridges.

As shown in Fig. 1, the step comprises: pouring a slope roof with concrete continuously according to a top - to - down sequence, and before final concrete setting, inserting the short steel bars while levelling. Specifically, a timber formwork is used as a ridge formwork; after pouring of the concrete, a horizontal pass line is pulled on the formwork and correspondingly at a middle position of a glazed tile adhesion layer; the formwork is drilled along the pass line; and the short steel bars are inserted in succession after drilling, wherein the slope roof is poured with dry and hard concrete; a slump is controlled within 90 - 110 mm; and the length of the pre - embedded short steel bars in the slope roof = 50mm anchored into a structure layer + thickness of an insulation layer + 70 mm. 2) cleaning the surface of a concrete basic layer by sweeping dust, accumulated soil and other sundries, and wetting by watering;

3) conducting construction of a cement mortar levelling layer on the roof structure layer.

Specifically, lines are pulled and mortar cakes are stuck according to a slope gradient requirement, bar punching is conducted along a drainage direction with a bar punching interval of 1.5 m, then cement mortar is paved between two bars, and then scraping and trowelling are conducted according to bar punching elevations on both sides;

4) sticking and anchoring insulation boards on the levelling layer, and conducting construction of a levelling layer of dry and hard fine aggregate concrete on the insulation boards, wherein as shown in Fig. 2, a snapline setting is conducted before pavement and sticking of the insulation boards, and reserved steel bars in the roof structure layer penetrate the insulation boards during pavement and sticking; secondary fixation is conducted with insulation nails before final setting of adhesion mortar; the insulation nails are ensured in four corners and the middle of each insulation board; and the insulation nail should be deepened into the basic layer by at least 50 mm;

5) paving a layer of glass fibre grid and then paving a layer of No. 18 galvanized steel wire meshes of 20 mm x 20 mm with polymer mortar after pavement of the insulation boards,

wherein a lap length between the steel wire meshes is at least 50 mm; after penetrating the insulation boards, the pre - embedded steel bars in the structure layer are pre - bent to 180° and firmly tied up with the galvanized steel wire meshes after formation of tying bends of the short steel bars; the galvanized steel wire meshes are underlaid by 10 mm with cushion blocks disposed at an interval of 1000 mm; and then, a levelling layer of dry and hard fine aggregate concrete is constructed on the insulation boards.

After construction of the levelling layer on the insulation boards using C20 dry and hard fine aggregate concrete with the thickness of 30 mm and a slump controlled within 90 - 110 mm for pouring, manual patting and scrapping are conducted; concrete vibration and trowelling are conducted before initial setting to guarantee that the thickness and the slope gradient of the concrete satisfy requirements; secondary wiping is conducted before final setting of the concrete; maintenance is conducted by covering and watering after final setting; and during construction of the insulation levelling layer, all the pre - embedded steel bars are ensured to be anchored in the C20 fine aggregate concrete, as shown in Fig. 3;

6) disposing separation seams with an interval of 4 x 4 m and a seam width of 5 - 20 mm at the insulation levelling layer, filling pisolite after cleaning sundries in the separation seams, and then embedding waterproof ointment into the seams for full filling till the seams are dense and full.

A method of pre - embedding separation bars before concrete pouring or cutting the separation seams after concrete pouring is adopted, wherein when the separation bars are pre - embedded, the separation bars are taken out after secondary wiping before final setting; and when cutting is conducted after pouring, a cutting machine is used for cutting when the concrete intensity of the insulation levelling layer reaches 12 MPa; 7) conducting construction of a waterproof layer on the insulation levelling layer, comprising construction of a coil material waterproof layer or construction of a membrane waterproof layer, wherein a hot - melting full pavement method is used in the coil material waterproof layer construction. As shown in Fig. 4, during construction of the waterproof layer, detail structures are processed at first; additional layers are made on detail parts of ridges, inside and outside corners, gutters, cornices, outfalls and deformation seams at first, and the length of the additional layers should not be less than 500 mm. As shown in Fig. 3, coil materials are paved upwards in perpendicularity to the ridge direction from a lowest elevation, a lap width of long edges and end heads is 100 mm, and joint seams of short edges of the two adjacent coil materials on the same layer should be staggered by at least 500 mm; during coil material construction for the eaves gutters and gutters, coil materials are paved along directions of the eaves gutters and the gutters, and joint seams follow a water flowing direction; when the pre - embedded short steel bars of the ridges penetrate the waterproof layer, penetrating positions are sealed by a sealing adhesive; and after pavement and sticking of coil materials at cornice end heads and flashing parts, the coil materials are cut orderly, the cement nails are used for fixation along the length direction at an interval of 500 mm, sealing is conducted by the sealing adhesive, and the flashing parts are finally pinned and pressed fixedly by 1 mm thick aluminium plates.

8) conducting construction of a waterproof protection layer using 1:3 cement mortar on the waterproof layer; 9) tying up steel bar meshes on a glazed tile adhesion layer. Specifically, length - jointing is conducted on the pre - embedded short steel bars in the ridges by welding and the steel bars are arranged longitudinally in a pass length to form welded length - jointing ends of the short steel bars, wherein an interval of the steel bars is 500 mm; the steel bars are tied up horizontally with an interval of 500 mm to form steel bar meshes; and the steel bar meshes are underlaid by cushion blocks with an interval of 900 mm; 10) conducting wet sticking of glazed tiles on a cement mortar adhesion layer and then fixing the glazed tiles on a cement mortar nail holding layer by cement nails through a method of sticking - anchoring construction of the glazed tiles. Specific operation steps comprise: (1) according to a setting map of the roof tiles, determining a position of a first layer of tiles from the ridges upwards, popping up a horizontal side line of the first layer of layers, then popping up a longitudinal centre of each slope face according to a midpoint of each ridge, popping up longitudinal - horizontal side lines of all the tiles according to the horizontal line and the longitudinal centres, and hanging a longitudinal - horizontal level control line on each slope tile;

(2) according to an arranged roof setting map, sticking and anchoring the glazed tiles from one side of each slope roof to the other side through down - to - top pavement, wherein during pavement and sticking, the two layers of tiles at a roof cornice are stuck and anchored at first; then, each layer of tiles is stuck and anchored from down to top from one side; the paved tiles are fixed horizontally and steadily by cement mortar and made parallel to the two layers of tiles above; and after firm sticking of each layer of glazed tiles with the cement mortar, the cement nails penetrate the holes in the glazed tiles and fixed in the cement mortar; (3) stretching the glazed tiles at the roof cornice from an eave by a length of 50 mm and using a sealing adhesive to seal joints between the lower part of the roof cornice and the roof and between the ridges and the roof after sticking and anchoring of the glazed tiles; and trowelling using cement mortar after sticking and anchoring of the glazed tiles on both sides of a gutter to form a mortar sealing layer, wherein a vertical lap length of the glazed tiles is 50mm, and a horizontal lamp length is 30 - 40 mm; (4) cutting the glazed tiles at inclined ridges according to ridge lines and then conducting sticking and anchoring, and covering ridge tiles after sticking and anchoring of the tiles on both sides, as shown in Fig. 5. In the present invention, through use of the construction method, the use of roof battens is reduced.

Compared with a traditional dry hanging technology, capitals of RMB 104300 are saved; and good economic benefits are obtained.

Meanwhile, after construction of the project, high integral firmness and waterproofness can be maintained for a long time under local harsh climate conditions.

Claims

CONCLUSIONS

1. A method of bonding - anchoring construction of a glazed tile pitched roof in a severe cold area, applicable to a glazed tile pitched roof project with a pitch of 22.5 - 45°, which is provided with a block-shaped insulation layer according to energy saving requirements in a severe cold area, the method comprising the following specific steps: 1) pre-growing short steel bars during concreting of a roof construction layer and ridges; pouring the pitched roof with concrete continuously from top to bottom, and prior to final concreting, inserting the short steel bars during leveling, using wooden formwork as ridge formwork; after pouring the concrete, drawing a horizontal pass line on the formwork and correspondingly on a middle position of the glaze tile adhesion layer; drilling the formwork along the passing line; and inserting the short steel bars sequentially after drilling; 2) cleaning the surface of a concrete base layer by wiping away dust, accumulated dirt and other impurities, and wetting by spraying; 3) applying a cement mortar layer to the roof construction; drawing lines and pasting mortar cakes according to the angle of inclination, performing rod punching along a drainage direction with a distance between the punches of 1.5 m, then paving the cement mortar between two rods, then scraping and troweling according to the bar punch increases on both sides; 4) bonding and anchoring the insulation boards to the leveling layer, and applying the leveling layer of dry and hard fine aggregate concrete to the insulation boards, whereby a snapline setting is performed prior to paving and pasting the insulation boards, whereby the reserved steel rods penetrate into the roof construction layer during paving and pasting into the insulation boards; wherein secondary fixing is performed with insulating nails prior to the final curing of the adhesive mortar; wherein the insulation nails are secured in four corners and the center of each insulation board, and the insulation nail is installed at least 50 mm deep in the base layer; 5) paving the layer of glass fiber grid and the layer of galvanized steel wire nets after paving the insulation boards, wherein an overlap length between the steel wire nets is at least 50 mm; wherein after puncturing the insulation plates, the short steel bars pre-embedded in the structure layer are pre-bent 180° and tightly bound together with the galvanized steel wire nets after forming tie bends of the short steel bars; wherein the galvanized steel wire nets with a spacing of 1000 mm 10 mm are covered with pillow blocks; and then the leveling layer of 30 mm thick C20 fine-grained concrete is applied;

6) installing the separation seams at a spacing of 4 x 4 m and a seam width of 5 - 20 mm in the insulation leveling layer, filling pisolite after removing the debris contained in the separation seams, and then embedding the waterproofing with a waterproof liniment in the seams for full filling until the seams are tight and full;

7) applying the waterproof layer to the insulating leveling layer;

8) applying the waterproof protective layer using the 1:3 cement mortar on the waterproof layer;

9) bonding the steel bars to the adhesive layer of the glazed tiles; more specifically, longitudinally joining the pre-embedded short steel bars in the ridges by longitudinally welding and arranging the steel bars in a passage length to form welded longitudinally connecting ends of the pre-embedded short steel bars, wherein the mutual distance of the steel bars is 500 mm; wherein the steel bars are tied horizontally at a distance of 500 mm to form a mesh of steel bars; and wherein the steel bar networks are underpinned by pillow blocks spaced 1000 mm apart;

10) wet sticking the glazed tiles to the cement mortar bonding layer and then fixing the glazed tiles to the cement mortar nail-bearing layer with cement nails by the method of sticking-anchoring construction of the glazed tiles, specifically following steps includes: ©) according to a tile placement map, determining the position of the first layer of roof tiles from the ridges upwards, then applying a horizontal lateral line of the first layer of roof tiles, then applying a longitudinal center of each slope plane along the center of each ridge, applying longitudinal center-horizontal lateral lines of all roof tiles toward the horizontal line and the longitudinal centers, and suspending a longitudinal-horizontal level control line on each sloped tile;

(2) according to an arranged tile placement chart, bonding and anchoring the glazed roof tiles from one side of each pitched roof to the other side by means of a bottom-up coating, during the coating and pasting process, the two layers of roof tiles are glued and anchored at an eaves; whereby each layer of roof tiles is then glued and anchored from bottom to top from one side; where the glazed roof tiles are fixed horizontally and stably with cement mortar and are made parallel to the two layers of roof tiles above; and wherein after each layer of glazed roof tiles is firmly fixed with the cement mortar, the cement nails penetrate the holes in the glazed roof tiles and are fixed in the cement mortar; (3) stretching the glazed roof tiles on the eaves from a 50 mm long eaves and using a sealing adhesive to seal the joints between the lower part of the eaves and the roof and between the ridges and the roof after sticking and anchoring the glazed roof tiles; and troweling with cement mortar after sticking and anchoring the glazed roof tiles on both sides of a gutter to form a mortar sealing layer, wherein the vertical overlap length of the glazed roof tiles is 50 mm, and the horizontal lamp length is 30 - 40 mm; @ cutting the glazed tiles on sloped ridge lines according to ridge lines, and then do the sticking and anchoring, and covering the ridge tiles after sticking and anchoring the tiles on both sides.

The method of tack-anchoring constructing a glazed roof tile pitched roof in a severe cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the construction work of step 1), the pitched roof is poured with dry and hard concrete; the collapse is controlled within 90 - 110 mm; and the length of the pre - anchored short steel bars in the slope roof = 50 mm anchored in the structure layer + thickness of the insulation layer + 70 mm.

The method of tack-anchoring constructing a glazed tile pitched roof in a severe cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the construction work of step 1), the length of the pre-embedded short steel bars in the ridges = 50mm anchored in the cams + 150 mm.

The method of tack-anchoring constructing a glazed tile pitched roof in a severe cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the construction work of step 4), the galvanized steel mesh has a No. 18 20mm x 20mm galvanized steel mesh.

The method of tack-anchoring constructing a glazed tile pitched roof in a severe cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the construction work of step 5) performing the construction of the leveling layer of the dry and hard fine aggregate concrete on the insulation boards comprises the steps: applying C20 dry and hard fine aggregated concrete with a thickness of 30 mm, whereby the slump is controlled within 90 - 110 mm before pouring; tapping and scraping by hand; performing concrete vibrating and troweling prior to the first set to ensure that the thickness and slope of the concrete meet the requirements; performing secondary sweeping prior to the final hardening of the concrete; and performing maintenance by covering and spraying after final hardening,

whereby during the construction of the insulation leveling layer it is ensured that all pre-embedded short steel bars are anchored in the C20 fine aggregate concrete.

The method of tack-anchoring constructing a glazed tile pitched roof in a severe cold area according to claim 1, wherein in step 6) during the construction of removing the separation seams on the insulating leveling layer, a method of pre-embedding of separator bars prior to concrete pouring or cutting of the separation seams after concrete pour is followed, wherein when the separator bars are pre-embedded, the separator bars are removed after secondary sweeping prior to final hardening; and when the cutting is performed after pouring the concrete, a cutting machine is used for cutting when the concrete intensity of the insulating leveling layer reaches 12 MPa.

The method of adhesive-anchoring constructing a glazed tile pitched roof in a severe cold area according to claim 1, wherein in step 7), building the waterproof layer on the insulation - leveling layer and building a waterproof layer of spindle-shaped material or construction of a waterproof layer of membrane, using a hot melt - full cover method in the construction of a waterproof layer of spindle-shaped material; wherein detailed structures are first processed during the construction of the waterproof layer; where additional layers are first applied to detail parts of ridges, inner and outer corners, gutters, cornices, outlets and deformation seams, the length of the extra layers not being shorter than 500 mm; spindle-shaped materials are paved upwards from a layer perpendicular to the ridge direction, with the overlap width of long sides and end heads being 100 mm, and joint seams of short sides of the two adjacent spindle-shaped materials on the same layer are staggered by at least 500 mm; wherein during construction with spindle-shaped material for the gutters and gutters, spindle-shaped materials are hardened along directions of the gutters and gutters, the joints following the direction of steaming water; wherein when the pre-assembled short steel bars of the cams penetrate the waterproof layer, the penetrating places are sealed with a sealing glue; and wherein after paving and sticking the spindle-shaped material to the end heads of the cornices and the gutter members, the spindle-shaped materials are orderly cut, the cement nails are used for longitudinal fixing at a distance of 500 mm, whereby the sealing is applied. performed with the sealing glue, and finally the gutter parts are pinned and pressed by 1 mm thick aluminum plates.