NL2023541B1

NL2023541B1 - Fixation element for glass balustrades and method for manufacturing concrete slab with glass balustrade

Info

Publication number: NL2023541B1
Application number: NL2023541A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Boven Christiaan
Original assignee: Boven Christiaan
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2019-07-19
Publication date: 2021-02-08

Abstract

Fixation element configured for providing a glass balustrade to a concrete slab, preferably a balcony slab, wherein the fixation element comprises one or more anchoring sections extending at 5 least partially in a first direction or under an angle with the first direction, wherein the one or more anchoring sections are configured to anchor the fixation element in the concrete slab,a holding section extending at least partially in substantially a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction, and wherein each of the one or more anchoring sections is connected to the holding section at a connection point, wherein at least a part of each of the one or 10 more anchoring sections of the fixation element is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab and to cooperate with the concrete slab to fixate the fixation element to the concrete slab, and wherein the holding section is configured to cooperate with an associated side wall of the concrete slab that extends at least partially in substantially the second direction to form a glass incorporation space in which a part of a glass balustrade extending in substantially the second direction is 15 placeable. The invention also relates to a concrete slab, a balcony, a preform for casting a concrete slab and a method for manufacturing a balcony with glass balustrade.

Description

FIXATION ELEMENT FOR GLASS BALUSTRADES AND METHOD FOR

MANUFACTURING CONCRETE SLAB WITH GLASS BALUSTRADE The invention comprises a fixation element for securing a glass balustrade to a concrete slab, a concrete slab, a balcony, a preform for casting concrete slabs and a method for manufacturing a balcony having a glass balustrade.

Balconies, stairs, lofts and other accessible elevated building elements are equipped with balustrades for safety purposes. Glass balustrades, which are also referred to as glass railings or glass railing systems, are a popular choice since they do not offer climbable supports (and are thus safer), are easier to clean, do not limit the view, and provide a more uniform look to a building.

Such glass balustrade comprise one or more supports that carry a namber of large panes, which are manufactured of (hardened) glass or plastics such as Plexiglas and polycarbonate or mixtures of glass and plastic(s). A glass balustrade is in practice secured to a prefab concrete (balcony) slab by, after the concrete slab is placed, drilling holes in a side wall of the concrete slab, bolting a fixation element to the concrete slab and securing a glass pane in said fixation element.

A disadvantage of said fixation element is that the bolting thereof takes a long time during construction of the building and often has to be done from the outside of the building at a height using scaffolding or an aerial work platform. In addition, the bolts provide a reduction of the esthetic appeal of a glass balustrade.

The object of the present invention is to provide a fixation element which obviates or at least reduces the abovementioned problems.

To this end, the present invention provides a fixation element configured for providing a glass pane to a concrete slab, preferably a concrete balcony slab, for the construction of a balustrade wherein the fixation element comprises: =— one or more anchoring sections extending at least partially in a first direction or under an angle with the first direction, wherein the one or more anchoring sections are configured to anchor the fixation element in the concrete slab, — aholding section extending at least partially in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and, wherein each of the one or more anchoring sections is connected to the holding section at a connection point, wherein at least a part of each of the one or more anchoring sections of the fixation element is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab and to cooperate with the concrete slab to fixate the fixation element to the concrete slab; and wherein the holding section is configured to cooperate with an associated side wall of the concrete slab that extends at least partially in substantially the second direction to form a glass incorporation space in which a part of a glass pane extending in substantially the second direction is placeable.

An advantage of the fixation element according to the invention is that it can be (at least partially) embedded in a concrete slab during construction of said slab. This means that the fixation element is integrally connected to (or in fact embedded in) the concrete slab. As a result, the need to attach the fixation element to the concrete slab after placement of the concrete slab in a building is obviated. This reduces the time needed during (on site) construction, leading to a reduction of both lead time and costs.

Another advantage of the fixation element according to the invention is that the fixation IQ element can easily be placed and secured in the concrete slab, leading to an even farther reduction in installation time. This is especially true in view of the fact that such connections between known fixation elements and a concrete slab are often hard to reach after the concrete slab is installed. By providing a fixation element according to the invention the need to work at greater height, especially with balconies or railings in high buildings, is reduced.

Yet another advantage of the fixation element according to the invention is that it provides an improved esthetical front to the glass balustrade due to the fact that the fixation element needs no additional connection parts, such as bolts, screws etc, to connect the fixation element to the concrete slab. This means that an outside of the fixation element according to the invention is free of any esthetically disrupting features, such as bolt heads, and can be provided as a smooth surface.

A further advantage of the present invention is that, drilling in the concrete slab is no longer needed for the installation thereof. This is especially relevant in the case of reinforced concrete wherein the drilling thereof might damage or even break the rebar of the reinforced concrete leading to a weakened construction. Therefore, the construction according to invention leads to a safer construction as well as a safer work environment for the construction personnel.

Another advantage of the present invention is that, since the fixation element is easily embedded in the concrete slab during casting thereof, there is no need to connect the fixation element to the concrete using bolts, screws or other similar manners. As a result the finish of the fixation element, when embedded in a concrete slab, is much smoother compared to known glass holding elements, since the fixation element and the concrete slab in fact form a single element. As a result, the fixation element is much less susceptible to moisture or water entering between different parts of the fixation element or between the fixation element and the concrete slab. This makes the fixation element more resistant against corrosion and other negative effects and lessens the changes of concrete rot to occur at the fixation element. This is especially relevant with reinforced concrete where drilling may damage rebar.

A further advantage of the present invention is that, in order to facilitate a glass balustrade or glass railing system, the only support required for the glass panes is a concrete slab with one or more fixation elements according to the invention. No additional supports, supporting feet or balusters are required to support the glass panes. In other words, the fixation element according to the invention can be used to create a smooth, continuous surface without any visible supports or support structures. This can not be achieved with the support structures that are known from practice.

It is noted that the concrete slab may be any type of concrete suitable for slabs used in balconies, stairs, floors etc. and includes also concrete-like materials, such as composites, reinforced concrete and other similar materials. These may be used as an alternative to concrete and are also included in the invention.

It is furthermore noted that the terms glass balustrade, glass railing and/or glass railing system are all considered to have a similar meaning for the purpose of this invention.

It is also noted that the term glass, for example in glass pane, may also refer to other (suitable) equivalents thereof, such as suitable plastics. The term glass pane may as an example, therefore refer to panes of (hardened) glass, panes of suitable plastics such as Plexiglas and polycarbonate, and even combinations of glass and plastics, such as composite panes comprising two layers of glass with an intermediate layer of plastic, such as Plexiglas or polycarbonate.

It is noted that, when the fixation element is embedded, the side wall of the concrete slab which may be provided with a stepped profile. The stepped profile is formed by recesses or indents in the side wall.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the angle may be between 5° and 175°, preferably may be between 45° and 135° and most preferably may be about 90°.

The anchoring section may also extend at angle in the concrete, depending on the type of anchoring element used and/or the specific requirements of the glass balustrade that is to be attached to the concrete slab.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the one or more anchoring sections may be provided with a splitted end section that is positioned opposite from the connection point, wherein the splitted end section may comprise a plurality of parts, and wherein the splitted end section preferably comprises two parts, wherein a first part of the splitted end section extends under a first angle with the first direction, wherein a second part of the splitted end section extends in the first direction or at a second angle with the first direction, wherein the first angle is in the range between 5° and 90°, wherein the second angle is in the range between 90° and 175°.

The end section of the anchoring element may be provided with a plarality of parts that preferably each extend in a different direction. This provides a firm and multidirectional hold of the anchoring section in the concrete slab.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the fixation element may be a monolithic element that is configured to be integrally connected with the concrete slab.

An advantage of providing a monolithic fixation element is that a high strength is achieved with the fixation element. This is mainly due to the fact that connections, such as the connection point between the anchoring section and the holding section are present in the fixation element.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the connection between each of the one or more anchoring sections and the holding section is a welded connection, and the fixation element is configured to be integrally connected with the concrete slab.

An advantage of a fixation element with a welded connection between the holding section and the one or more anchoring sections is that the fixation element is relatively easy to manufacture. Another advantage is that a welded connection provides a cheaper fixation element than in case of a monolithic fixation element.

It is noted that each corresponding connection point between the one or more anchoring sections and the holding section may alternatively also be provided using other suitable means, which include for example gluing with a suitable glue, a riveted connection, or a threaded connection.

In an embodiment according to the invention, a plurality of variants of anchoring sections exist, e.g. variants of anchoring sections for different weight holding specifications and/or a plurality of variants of holding sections exist, e.g. variants of holding sections for different types and thicknesses of glass. An advantage of having a plurality of anchoring sections and/or holding sections is that a fixation element according to the invention can easily be adapted to different specifications without having to create a large number of different varieties of fixation elements. After all, the fixation element can be constructed by welding, bolding, or riveting, one or more of the different anchoring sections and one of the different holding sections together.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the holding section comprises an angled profile that extends from a first holding section end to a second holding section end and has a glass clamping part and a support part, wherein the glass clamping part extends substantially in the second direction from the first holding section end to an angle of the angled profile, and wherein the support part extends from the angle in substantially the first direction to the second holding section end, wherein each of the anchoring sections is connected to the second holding section end, and wherein the support part is at least partially embedded in the concrete slab.

Alternatively, the angled profile may comprises a number of support parts corresponding to the number of the one or more anchoring sections, wherein each support part extends from the angle in substantially the first direction to the second holding section end, wherein each of the anchoring sections is connected to the corresponding support part at the second holding section end, and wherein each support part is at least partially embedded in the concrete slab.

An advantage of an angled profile is that it can easily be integrated in the concrete slab during casting thereof.

Another advantage is that the angled profile in the fixation element according to the invention allows that the one or more anchoring sections are completely embedded in the concrete slab, with only the holding section or sections extending from the concrete slab. This provides a fixation element having a high resiliency against bending or fatigue, especially at the angle of the 5 angled profile.

Yet another advantage is that the angled profile has an esthetically pleasing form without any visible connections.

A further advantage is that the angled profile in the fixation element according to the invention provides a compact fixation element. As a result, less material is required for manufacturing the fixation element and the fixation element is easier to transport and use.

In an embodiment according to the invention, each of the one or more anchoring section extends from a first anchoring section end that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab to a second anchoring section end, wherein the holding section comprises a glass clamping part, a support part that comprises a number of connectors, wherein each anchoring section is connected to an associated connector of the support part, and wherein one of the second anchoring section end and the associated connector of the support part is a female connector and wherein the other of the second anchoring section end and the associated connector of the support part is a male connector, and wherein the male connector and the female connector are configured to be connected to each other to form the fixation element and wherein the male connector and female connector are further configured to be securely clamped during use by the clamping of the glass pane.

An advantage of this embodiment is that the holding section can be easily connected with the one or more anchoring section by sliding or clicking without the need for equipment/tools to fixate the holding section and the one or more anchoring sections with respect to each other. It is noted that several options are available with regard to the specific physical construction of the male and female connectors, which are all encompassed in the invention as clauseed.

A further effect is that the connection of the one or more anchoring sections and the holding section may be made at a time deemed most convenient during installation of a balustrade. It is preferred that the connection is made during construction of the balustrade when the concrete slab is already in place.

Another advantage is that the one or more anchoring sections are less subjective to thermal expansion. Furthermore, in this embodiment the one or more anchoring sections and the holding section can more easily be constructed using different materials most suitable to the respective functions of the elements.

In an embodiment according to the invention, wherein each of the one or more anchoring sections is an angled profile that extends in the first direction from the first anchoring section end that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab to an angle of the angled profile, and in a second direction from the angle to a second anchoring section end to form the male connector, and wherein the holding section comprises a glass clamping part and one or more support parts, wherein each of the one or more support parts is a U-shaped profile having an opening and an inner space that form the female connector.

An advantage of this embodiment is that the holding section can be easily connected with the one or more anchoring sections by sliding or clicking without the need for equipment/tools to fixate the holding section and the one or more anchoring sections with respect to each other. It is noted that several options are available with regard to the specific physical construction of the male and female connectors, which are all encompassed in the invention as clauseed.

A farther effect is that the connection of the one or more anchoring sections and the holding section may be made at a time deemed most convenient during construction of a balustrade. It is preferred that the connection is made during construction of the balustrade when the concrete slab is already in place.

During installation, when part of a glass balustrade is placed in the glass incorporation space, the U-shaped profile of the holding section slides over the second end of each of the one or more anchoring section such that the opening in the U-shaped support part of the holding section and the second end of the one or more anchoring sections are connected. The upper part of the U- shaped support part forms a support surface for a glass pane of a glass balustrade. The holding section and the glass pane received in the glass incorporation space both press down on the angled profile of the one or more anchoring sections, which provides a secure connection through the weight of the glass pane. As a result, an easy to assemble connection is achieved. It is preferred that the construction is finished using sealings or the like.

A further advantage of this embodiment is that thermal expansion or contraction of the fixation element is possible without damaging its connection with the concrete slab.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the fixation element further comprises a cover section that extends in substantially the second direction away from the holding section from the connection point towards a cover section end.

An advantage of providing a cover section is that the fixation element can be arranged to covers the entire side wall of the concrete slab to which the fixation element is connected. Alternatively, the cover section can be arranged such that the fixation element only covers a predetermined part of the concrete slab or even such that the cover section extends from the concrete slab. By providing such a complete covering by the fixation element, an esthetically pleasing side of the glass balustrade and concrete slab is achieved. This is especially interesting when the cover part and/or the glass panes used in the balustrade are coloured in a specific colour,

since the colours can be made to match with each other, providing a single-coloured facing of a building.

Another advantage of having a cover part is that forces acting on the fixation element will be distributed more evenly over the concrete slab. This is mainly due to the fact that the cover part also provides an additional resiliency to outward bending of the fixation element under pressure of glass panes of the glass balustrade. As a result, the fixation element can be used to provide glass balustrades with heavier and/or thicker glass panes.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the cover section and the holding section are monolithic, and preferably the cover section, the holding section and the one or more anchoring IO sections are monolithic.

It is preferred to provide as little individual components as possible in the fixation element according to the invention, because it reduces construction and/or manufacturing time and, therewith, costs.

In another embodiment according to the invention, the cover section and the holding section are arranged to be connectable by suitable connection means such as a glued connection, a welded connection, a bolted connection, by having a slidable or clickable connection, or by any other connection means.

An advantage of having a fixation element wherein the cover section and the holding section are arranged to be connectable is that the cover section may be connected at a later time than during embedding of the anchoring section in the concrete slab. Moreover, it is noted that using this embodiment in fact allows that connecting the cover section and the holding section may occur at any time before or even after the embedding of the anchoring section in the concrete slab, thus in essence at a time deemed most convenient.

It is further noted that according to the invention according to the above embodiment one cover section may be connected to one or more holding sections.

In an embodiment according to the invention, an end portion of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite an associated connection point and that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab comprises a cross-section in the second direction that is larger than a cross-section of the remaining part of the anchoring section.

An advantage of having an end portion with an increased cross-section is that the holding strength of the anchoring section, and thus the fixation element as a whole, is increased even further. This allows the fixation element to be used with heavy and/or thick glass panes.

Another advantage of an end portion with an increased cross-section is that the fixation element is more easily positionable in the cast mould for the concrete during manufacturing of the concrete slab.

In another embodiment of the invention, an end portion of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite from an associated connection point comprises a bend such that it extends substantially in the second direction.

An advantage of having an end portion comprising a bend is that the holding strength of the corresponding anchoring section, and thus the fixation element as a whole, is increased even further. This allows a greater force to be exerted on the glass balustrade, for example by a person or persons or the wind, without leading to damage.

In an embodiment of the invention an end portion of each of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite an associated connection point and that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab comprises a perforated section comprising one or more perforations in preferably the second direction, such that the concrete, during pouring or casting, can traverse the anchoring section in the second direction.

By having invention an end portion of each of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite the associated connection point and that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab comprises a perforated section comprising one or more perforations in preferably the second direction, the concrete or concrete like material will, during casting thereof flow through said one or more perforations. This has as advantage that the holding strength of the corresponding anchoring section, and thus the fixation element as a whole, is increased even further. This allows the fixation element to be used with heavy and/or thick glass panes.

It is noted that the one or more anchoring sections may have a straight shape, for example a cylindrical shape or a square shape, yet may also be a profiled shape, such as a ribbed shape.

It is further noted that the shape may have unequal dimensions, for example an oval shape or a rectangular shape.

In an embodiment the one or more anchoring sections comprise a rectangular shape, preferably a strip shape having a thin side and a wide side that is substantially thicker than the thin side and wherein the wide side of the strip extends in the second direction.

In an embodiment according to the invention, wherein the end portion of each of the one or more anchoring sections is a knob-like, disk-shaped or plate-shaped end portion with a cross- section that is larger than a cross-section of the remaining part of the respective anchoring section.

Although the end portion with an increased cross-section may have any shape, it is preferred to have knob-like, disk-shaped or plate-shaped end portion. These shapes provide an increased holding strength and are also easily to manufacture. Moreover, these shapes can be monolithically formed with the other parts of the anchoring element.

It is further preferred that the shape of the end portion is chosen to match with the cross- sectional shape of the remainder of the anchoring part. In other words, if the anchoring part has a substantially square cross-section, it is preferred that the cross-section of the end portion is also square, albeit larger. This means that is such case a plate-like structure is preferred.

In an embodiment of the invention the fixation element comprises steel or a steel alloy and preferably comprises stainless steel.

In an embodiment according to the invention, a portion each of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned adjacent to the associated connection point is configured to be slidingly embedded in the concrete slab in order to allow the anchoring element to thermally expand or thermally contract.

An advantage of enabling a part of the one or more anchoring elements to slide through the concrete slab is that contraction or expansion of the concrete slab and the contraction or expansion of the fixation element can be performed substantially independent from each other without compromising the structural integrity of the concrete slab and or fixation element. Therewith, it is obviated that, due to a difference in respective expansion coefficients of concrete slab and fixation element, any distortion and/or breakage can occur.

The one or more anchoring elements can be slidingly embedded in the concrete slab in different ways. This may for example be a housing or casing that is associated with a part of the anchoring element, wherein the anchoring element is slidingly positioned in the housing or casing. In addition, the anchoring element may also be provided as a sleeve, for example a rubber or synthetic sleeve.

The one or more anchoring elements can also be movingly embedded by making a open room in the concrete slab around a part of the anchoring element, which allows the anchoring element to partially move and/or slide in the concrete slab to allow thermal expansion or retraction.

It is noted that it is preferred that the materials of the concrete slab and the fixation element are chosen such that a difference between their respective (thermal) coefficients is small and/or not present.

In an embodiment according to the invention, wherein the fixation element may be manufactured from a metal or a metal alloy and/or combinations thereof, and wherein the fixation element is preferably manufactured from stainless steel and/or aluminium.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the one or more anchoring sections are at least partially covered with a plastic or a rubber-like material.

By providing a cover of plastic or rubber-like material, some additional thermal flexibility is achieved, while maintaining a firm hold in the concrete slab.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the one or more anchoring sections may comprise a ribbed or twisted part that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab.

A ribbed or twisted part, i.e. ribs or rotations in the anchoring section along its length, provide an increased resistance against rotation and/or removal of the anchoring element from the concrete slab, thus resulting in an increased holding strength.

The invention also relates to a concrete slab configured for receiving a glass pane of a glass balustrade, the concrete slab comprising: — one or more balustrade sides, each balustrade side having a concrete slab side wall; — a number of fixation elements according to any of the previous clauses positioned in one or more of the balustrade sides, wherein each of the number of fixation elements is integrally connected with the concrete slab; and — a glass incorporation space that is formed between the part of the holding section of the fixation element that extends in substantially the second direction and the associated side wall of the concrete slab that extends in substantially the second direction, and wherein a glass pane of a glass balustrade is placeable in the glass incorporation space.

The concrete slab according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention.

An advantage of the concrete slab according to the invention is that it provides a single building element that can be manufactured off-site and is transportable to a building location to be installed. Due to the fixation element embedded in the concrete slab, the assembly time of a glass balustrade is significantly reduced compared to known glass balustrades. This is mainly due to the fact that the fixation element is already in place in the concrete slab, which obviates the need to connect the fixation elements to the concrete slab on site as is required in the known concrete slabs. Instead, with the concrete slab according to the invention, glass panes of the glass balustrade can be easily inserted and locked in place. This reduces complexity of assembly and, therewith, assembly costs.

Another advantage of the concrete slab according to the invention is that the fixation element, due to the fact that it is monolithic with the concrete slab, provides a smooth surface without connection elements, such as bolts heads. Therewith, a more sophisticated and esthetically pleasing concrete slab front is achieved.

In an embodiment of the concrete slab according to the invention, the concrete slab may comprise a top section having top section side walls, and a bottom section having bottom section side walls, wherein the top section side walls are displaced in the first direction with respect to the bottom side walls, such that a recess is formed in the concrete slab, and wherein the holding section extends substantially flush with a bottom section side wall to form the glass incorporation space.

An advantage of providing a recess in the concrete slab is that the holding section of the fixation element can be lined up with an outer side of the concrete slab to form a single substantially smooth surface. The glass pane is in this embodiment positioned slightly inward compared to the holding section and the bottom side walls.

In an embodiment of the concrete slab according to the invention, the holding section may be placed at a distance of the concrete slab side and the glass incorporation space may be formed by a space between the holding section, the part of the anchoring section that extends beyond the concrete slab and the concrete slab side wall.

An advantage of this embodiment is that the glass pane is positioned substantially outside the outer edge of the concrete slab, thus providing an increased useable surface of the concrete slab. In addition, when used in combination with a number of fixation elements that have a cover part, and preferably wherein an outer end of cover part extends in the first direction towards and/or against the concrete slab side wall, this embodiment provides a single front for the glass balustrade substantially without exposing the concrete parts of the concrete slab.

It is preferred that the part of the holding section that extends in the first direction is provided with a watering hole to remove any water that may enter or form in the glass {5 incorporation space.

In an elaboration of the embodiment, the part of each of the one or more anchoring sections that extends beyond the concrete slab and the concrete slab side wall may be provided with a support element, such as a support shoe, that forms a substantially smooth surface that facilitates that a glass pane of the glass balustrade can rest on the support element.

In this elaboration, the one or more anchoring sections simultaneously also functions as support element for the glass pane of the glass balustrade, which obviates the need for additional support elements.

In an embodiment of the concrete slab according to the invention, the concrete slab may comprise a number of sealing elements that extend over a predetermined length along a side wall of the glass incorporation space, such that the sealing elements substantially seal the glass incorporation space against fluid intrusion.

An advantage providing sealing to the concrete slab according to the invention is that the intrusion of water into the glass incorporation space is substantially obviated. Moreover, the sealings also advantageously provide a cushioning and/or clamping effect to the glass pane embedded into the glass incorporation space. It is noted that the number of sealings may be provided on parts of the holding section, the one or more anchoring sections, the concrete slab side wall and/or on any combination thereof. Preferably, at least two sealings are applied near the upper end of the glass incorporation space in order to seal against fluids, such as rain, entering the glass incorporation space.

In an embodiment of the concrete slab according to the invention, the glass incorporation space may comprise a number of restrainers, for example wedges, that is positionable between the concrete side wall and a glass pane of the glass balustrade to clamp the glass pane in the glass incorporation space.

Glass panes of the glass balustrade may advantageously be locked in place and clamped by using restrainers, such as wedges, which are provided in the glass incorporation space. Preferably, the restrainers are provided between a glass pane and the concrete slab side wall, such that the glass pane is positioned near the outer edge of the concrete slab, It is most preferred if the restrainers are used in combination with the abovementioned number of sealings.

The invention also relates to a balcony comprising a concrete slab according to the invention and a glass balustrade comprising a number of glass panes, wherein the glass panes are clamped in the glass incorporation space.

The balcony according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention and the concrete slab according to the invention.

A balcony comprising the fixation elements according to the invention provides a glass balustrade having a substantially smooth surface that is not obstructed by any connection elements, such as bolt heads etc. In addition, the balcony according to the invention, especially when provided with fixation elements comprising cover sections, may be provided with a single- coloured and/or multi-coloured front that obviates view on all concrete elements of the concrete slab. Therewith, a wider range of options for creating building fronts is achieved that is impossible using the fixation elements known in practice.

The invention also relates to a terrace comprising a concrete slab according to the invention and a glass balustrade comprising a number of glass panes, wherein the glass panes are clamped in the glass incorporation space.

The terrace according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention, the concrete slab according to the invention and the balcony according to the invention.

The invention also relates to a stairwell and/or vide comprising a concrete slab according to the invention and a glass balustrade comprising a number of glass panes, wherein the glass panes are clamped in the glass incorporation space.

The stairwell and/or vide according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention, the concrete slab according to the invention and the balcony according to the invention.

The invention also relates to a railway platform and/or bus platform comprising a concrete slab according to the invention and a glass balustrade comprising a number of glass panes, wherein the glass panes are clamped in the glass incorporation space.

The railway platform and/or bus platform according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention, the concrete slab according to the invention and the balcony, stairwell and/or vide according to the invention.

The invention further also relates to a concrete slab preform for casting a concrete slab according to the invention.

The concrete slab preform according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention, the concrete slab according to the invention and the balcony according to the invention.

It is noted that several options are available for the concrete slab preform, such as a mould, a casts, an on site casts, and others. The concrete slab preform allows easy and cost-efficient manufacturing of concrete slabs according to the invention.

The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a concrete slab, for example a concrete balcony slab, having a glass balustrade, comprising: — providing a concrete slab including a number of fixation elements according to the invention of providing a concrete slab according to any one of the clauses 13 — 17; — optionally, attaching the concrete slab to a building; — placing a namber of glass panes of a glass balustrade in the glass incorporation space; and — optionally one or more of: — sealing the glass incorporation space, by providing one or more sealings between the glass panes and the side walls of the holding section and/or the concrete slab side wall; and — inserting a number of restrainers between the concrete slab side wall and the number of glass panes to clamp the glass panes in the glass incorporation space.

The method according to the invention provides similar effects and advantages as the fixation element according to the invention, the concrete slab and the balcony according to the invention and the concrete slab preform according to the invention.

In an embodiment of the method according to the invention, the step of providing a concrete slab may comprise positioning the number of fixation elements in a preform for casting concrete slabs, and optionally providing reinforcement to the preform, and pouring concrete in the preform, curing the concrete and optionally removing the concrete slab from the preform or removing casting from the concrete slab.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the step of providing a concrete slab occurs on site, when, for example the providing of the concrete slab is (also) part of a on site construction, which may for example be a building construction site at which the concrete slab is to be embedded or in which it is to be connected.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention are elucidated on the basis of preferred embodiments thereof, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a first example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a second example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention; Figure 3A, 3B show a cross-section of a third example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention; Figure 4 shows a cross-section of a fourth example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention; Figure 5 shows a cross-section of a fifth example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention; Figure 6 shows a cross-section of a sixth example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention; Figure 7 shows a cross-section of a seventh example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention. Figure 8 shows a cross-section of an eight example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention. Figure 9 shows a cross-section of a ninth example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention. Figure 10 shows a cross-section of a tenth example of a concrete slab with a fixation element according to the invention. In an example (see figure 1), concrete slab 2 is provided with fixation element 4 that comprises anchoring section 6 and holding section 8. As is clearly seen, fixation element 4 in this example is monolithic element 4 in the form of angled profile 4. In this example, holding section 8 comprises angle 10 of angled profile 4. As a result, holding section 8 comprises glass clamping part 12 that extends in second direction Z from first holding section end 14 to angle 10 and support part 16 that extends in first direction X from angle 10 to second holding section end 18. Second holding section 18 is connected to anchoring section 6. Anchoring section 6 is completely embedded in concrete slab 2, whereas support part 16 is only partially embedded in concrete slab

2. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 4 and concrete slab 2, end portion 20 of anchoring section 6 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross-section diameter of anchoring section 6, leading to a knob-like structure of end portion 20. Furthermore, concrete slab 2 has a stepped profile. This means that top section side wall 22 of top section 24 is displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 26 of bottom section 28. As a result, a stepped profile is formed, in which support part 16 of holding section 8 securely rests on upper surface 30 of bottom section 28. Support part 16 and glass clamping part 12 of holding section 8 together with top section side wall 22 of concrete slab 2 form glass incorporation space 32, in which glass pane 34 is placed. Between glass pane 34 and support part 16 of holding section 8 as well as between glass clamping part 12 of holding section 8 and glass pane 34 sealings 36 are positioned, which seal, support and protect glass pane 34. Glass pane 34 is further clamped in glass incorporation space 32 by means of restrainers 38, which in this example are wedges 38. Near upper edge 40 of top section side wall 22 sealing 42 is placed to seal the opening of glass incorporation space 32 against intrusion of fluids. In addition, sealing 42 provides a finishing look to the glass balustrade.

In another example (see figure 2), concrete slab 102 is provided with fixation element 104 that comprises anchoring section 106 and holding section 108. In this example, holding section 108 comprises straight holding section 108 extending in second direction Z from first holding section end 114 to second holding section end 118. Second holding section 118 is connected to anchoring section 106. Anchoring section 106 is completely embedded in concrete slab 102 and connected to holding section 108 by means of a weld or welded connection. Alternatively, a glued connection may be used. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 104 and concrete slab 102, end portion 120 of anchoring section 106 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross-section diameter of anchoring section 106, leading to a knob-like structure of end portion

120. Furthermore, concrete slab 102 has a (double) stepped profile. This means that top section side wall 122 of top section 124 is displaced in first direction X with respect to both intermediate section side wall 144 of intermediate section 146 and bottom section side wall 126 of bottom section 128. This means that second holding section end 118 rests on bottom section upper surface 130, whereas glass pane 134 rests on intermediate section upper surface 148. Holding section 108 together with top section side wall 122 of concrete slab 102 form glass incorporation space 132, in which glass pane 134 is placed. Between glass pane 134 and holding section 108 as well as between intermediate section upper surface 148 and glass pane 134 sealings 136 are positioned, which seal and protect glass pane 134. Glass pane 134 is further clamped in glass incorporation space 132 by means of restrainers 138, which in this example are wedges 138. Near upper edge 140 of top section side wall 122 sealing 142 is placed to seal the opening of glass incorporation space 132 against intrusion of fluids.

In a further example (see figures 3A, 3B), concrete slab 202 is provided with fixation element 204 that comprises anchoring section 206 and holding section 208. In this example, holding section 208 comprises glass clamping part 212 and support part 216. Glass clamping part 212 extends in second direction Z from first holding section end 214 towards second holding section end 218. Support part 216 comprises female connector 250 that is formed by second holding section end 218 and angled portion 252 that together form U-profile 250. U-profile 250 has opening 254 in second direction Z. Anchoring section 206 comprises embedded part 256 that is completely embedded in concrete slab 202 and extending part 258 in the form of angled profile 258 that has first portion 260 that extends in first direction X and second portion 262 extending in second direction Z and forming male connector 262. In use, male connector 262 is inserted in female connector 250 to form a connection. Glass pane 234 is disposed on top of support part 216. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 204 and concrete slab 202, end portion 220 of anchoring section 206 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross- section diameter of anchoring section 206, leading to a knob-like structure of end portion 220.

IO Furthermore, concrete slab 202 has a stepped profile. This means that top section side wall 222 of top section 224 is displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 226 of bottom section 228. As a result, a stepped profile is formed, with first portion 260 of anchoring part 206 securely resting on upper surface 230 of bottom section 228.

Support part 216 and glass clamping part 212 of holding section 208 together with top section side wall 222 of concrete slab 202 form glass incorporation space 232, in which glass pane 234 is placed. Between glass pane 234 and support part 216 of holding section 208 as well as between glass clamping part 212 of holding section 208 and glass pane 234 sealings 236 are positioned, which seal and protect glass pane 234. In this example top section side wall 222 is provided with sealing 242 that extends over the entire length of top section side wall 222 and protects glass incorporation space 232 against intrusion of fluids.

In another example {figure 4) concrete slab 302 is provided with fixation element 304 that comprises anchoring section 306 and holding section 308. In this example, holding section 308 comprises glass clamping part 312 and support part 316. Glass clamping part 312 extends in second direction Z from first holding section end 314 towards second holding section end 318.

Support part 316 comprises female connector 350 that is formed by second holding section end 318, upper angled portion 364, and lower angled portion 366, that together form partly closed U- profile 350, which has opening 354 in first direction X. Anchoring section 306 comprises embedded part 356 that is completely embedded in concrete slab 302 and adjacent extending part 358 that has first portion 360 extending in first direction X outside concrete slab 302 and towards plate-shaped end knob 368. Plate-shaped end knob 368 forms male connector 362.

In use, female connector 350 is slid over male connector 362 in third direction Y to form a connection between the holding section and the anchoring section, while simultaneously forming glass incorporation space 332. Glass pane 334 is disposed on top of support part 316.

To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 304 and concrete slab 302, end portion 320 of anchoring section 306 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross- section diameter of anchoring section 306 and specifically embedded part 3356 thereof. This leads to a knob-like structure of end portion 320. Furthermore, concrete slab 302 has a stepped profile.

This means that top section side wall 322 of top section 324 is displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 326 of bottom section 328. In this example, a space is held between support part 316 and upper surface 330 of bottom section 328 in order to facilitate water removal.

As a result, a stepped profile is formed, optionally with lower angled portion 366 of support part 316 resting on upper surface 330 of bottom section 328. Support part 316 and glass clamping part 312 of holding section 308 together with top section side wall 322 of concrete slab 302 form glass incorporation space 332, in which glass pane 334 is placed.

Between glass pane 334 and support part 316 of holding section 308 as well as between glass clamping part 312 of holding section 308 and glass pane 334 sealings 336 are positioned, which seal and protect glass pane 334. Optionally, glass pane 334 is further clamped in glass incorporation space 332 by means of restrainers (not shown). In this example top section side wall 322 is provided with sealing 342 that extends over the entire length of top section side wall 322 and protects glass incorporation space 332 against intrusion of fluids.

Fixation element 304 further comprises cover section 374 that extends in substantially the second direction Z away from the second holding section end 318 towards a cover section end 376 such that cover section 374 covers bottom section side wall 326. In another example (see figure 5), concrete slab 402 is provided with fixation element 404 that comprises anchoring section 406 and holding section 408. In this example, holding section 408 comprises straight holding section 408 extending in second direction Z from first holding section end 414 to second holding section end 418. female Second holding section 418 is connected to anchoring section 406. Anchoring section 406 is partly embedded in concrete slab 402 and connected to holding section 408 by means of a weld or welded connection.

Alternatively, a glued connection may be used.

To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 404 and concrete slab 402, end portion 420 of anchoring section 406 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross-section diameter of anchoring section 406, leading to a knob-like structure of end portion 420. Furthermore, concrete slab 402 has a stepped profile.

This means that both top section side wall 422 of top section 424 and lower intermediate section side wall 444 of lower intermediate section 446 are displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 426 of bottom section 428. Furthermore, upper intermediate section side wall 470 of upper intermediate section 472 is displaced in a first direction X with respect to both bottom lower intermediate section side wall 444 of lower intermediate section 446 and top section side wall 422 of top section 424. This allows anchoring section 406 to be slightly moveable in the opening, such that thermal expansion is possible without compromising the structural integrity and support capability of the fixation element.

This means that anchoring section 406 partly rests on intermediate section upper surface

448.

Holding section 408 and anchoring part 406 together with top section side wall 422 of concrete slab 402 form glass incorporation space 432, in which glass pane 434 is placed. Between glass pane 434 and holding section 408 as well as top section side wall 422 and glass pane 434 and anchoring section 406 and glass pane 434 sealings 436 are positioned, which seal and protect glass pane 434. Optionally glass pane 434 is further clamped in glass incorporation space 432 by means of restrainers {not shown). In addition, anchoring section 406 may underneath glass pane 434 be provided with holding shoe (not shown) on which glass pane 434 rests.

Fixation element 404 further comprises cover section 474 that extends in substantially the second direction Z away from the second holding section end 418 towards cover section end 476 such that cover section 474 covers bottom section side wall 426. Cover section 474 and specifically cover section end 476 also provide support against bending of fixation element 404.

In another example (see figure 6), concrete slab 502 is provided with fixation element 504 that comprises anchoring section 506 and holding section 508. In this example, holding section 508 comprises straight holding section 508 extending in second direction Z from first holding section end 514 to second holding section end 518.

Second holding section end 518 is connected to anchoring section 506. Anchoring section 506 is partly embedded in concrete slab 502 and connected to holding section 508 by means of a weld or welded connection. Alternatively, a glued connection may be used. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 504 and concrete slab 502, end portion 520 of anchoring section 506 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross-section diameter of anchoring section 506, leading to a knob-like structure of end portion 520.

Furthermore, concrete slab 502 has a stepped profile. This means that both top section side wall 522 of top section 524 and intermediate section side wall 544 of intermediate section 546 are displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 526 of bottom section 528, whereby anchoring section 506 does not rest on intermediate section upper surface 548. It is noted that intermediate section 546 and top section 524 in essence form a single part in which anchoring part 506 is disposed.

Holding section 508 and anchoring part 506 together with top section side wall 522 of concrete slab 502 form glass incorporation space 532, in which glass pane 534 is placed. Between glass pane 534 and holding section 508 as well as top section side wall 522 and glass pane 534 sealings 536 are positioned, which seal and protect glass pane 534. Optionally, sealing is further positioned between anchoring section 506 and glass pane 534 glass pane. Optionally, 534 is further clamped in glass incorporation space 532 by means of restrainers (not shown).

Fixation element 504 further comprises cover section 574 that extends in substantially the second direction Z away from the second holding section end 518 towards a cover section end 576 such that cover section 574 covers bottom section side wall 526.

In another example (see figure 7), concrete slab 602 is provided with fixation element 604 that comprises anchoring section 606 and holding section 608. In this example, holding section 608 comprises straight holding section 608 extending in second direction Z from first holding section end 614 to second holding section end 618.

Second holding section end 618 is connected to anchoring section 606. Anchoring section 606 is partly embedded in concrete slab 602 and connected to holding section 608 by means of a weld or welded connection. Alternatively, a glued connection may be used. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 604 and concrete slab 602, end portion 620 of anchoring section 606 has a cross-section diameter that is larger than a cross-section diameter of anchoring section 606, leading to a knob-like structure of end portion 620. In this example anchoring section 606 extends beyond the concrete slab 602 and both the top section sidewall 622 and the bottom section side wall 626.

Holding section 608 together with support shoe 682 and top section side wall 622 of concrete slab 602 form glass incorporation space 632, in which glass pane 634 is placed. Between glass pane 634 and holding section 608 as well as top section side wall 622 and glass pane 634 sealings 636 are positioned, which seal and protect glass pane 634.

Fixation element 604 further comprises cover section 674 that extends in substantially the second direction Z away from the second holding section end 618 towards cover section end 676. Cover section 674 further comprises end plate 678 extending at least partially in first direction X between cover section end 676 and bottom section side wall 626. End plate 678 is in this example connected to cover section 676 by means of a round bend. Optionally, end plate 678 comprises a watering hole 680.

In an example (see figure 8), concrete slab 702 is provided with fixation element 704 that comprises anchoring section 706 and holding section 708. As is clearly seen, fixation element 704 in this example is monolithic element 704 in the form of angled profile 704. In this example, holding section 708 comprises angle 710 of angled profile 704. As a result, holding section 708 comprises glass clamping part 712 that extends in second direction Z from first holding section end 714 to angle 710 and support part 716 that extends in first direction X from angle 710 to second holding section end 718. Second holding section 718 is connected to anchoring section 706. Anchoring section 706 is completely embedded in concrete slab 702, whereas support part 716 is only partially embedded in concrete slab 702. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 704 and concrete slab 702, end portion 720 of anchoring section 706 is bended portion 720 that is angled towards an upper surface of concrete slab 702. Naturally, bended portion 720 may also be bended downward.

Furthermore, concrete slab 702 has a stepped profile.

This means that top section side wall 722 of top section 724 is displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 726 of bottom section 728. As a result, a stepped profile is formed, in which support part 716 of holding section 708 securely rests on upper surface 730 of bottom section 728. Support part 716 and glass clamping part 712 of holding section 708 together with top section side wall 722 of concrete slab 702 form glass incorporation space 732, in which glass pane 734 is placed.

Between glass pane 734 and support part 716 of holding section 708 as well as between glass clamping part 712 of holding section 708 and glass pane 734 sealings 736 are positioned, which seal, support and protect glass pane 734. In this example, glass pane 734 is clamped in glass incorporation space 732 without restrainers.

In another (not shown) embodiment, restrainers, for example in the form of wedges, may be used for clamping glass pane 734. Near upper edge 740 of top section side wall 722 sealing 742 is placed to seal the opening of glass incorporation space 732 against intrusion of fluids.

In addition, sealing 742 provides a finishing took to the glass balustrade.

In an example (see figure 9), concrete slab 802 is provided with fixation element 804 that comprises anchoring section 806 and holding section 808. As is clearly seen, fixation element 804 in this example is monolithic element 804 in the form of angled profile 804. In this example, holding section 808 comprises angle 810 of angled profile 804. As a result, holding section 808 comprises glass clamping part 812 that extends in second direction Z from first holding section end 814 to angle 810 and support part 816 that extends in first direction X from angle 810 to second holding section end 818. Second holding section 818 is connected to anchoring section 806. Anchoring section 806 is completely embedded in concrete slab 802, whereas support part 816 is only partially embedded in concrete slab 802. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 804 and concrete slab 802, end portion 820 of anchoring section 806 is provided with openings or perforations 884 which are, during casting or pouring of the concrete, filled with concrete to establish a strong connection between fixation element 804 and concrete slab 802. Furthermore, concrete slab 802 has a stepped profile.

This means that top section side wall 822 of top section 824 is displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 826 of bottom section 828. As a result, a stepped profile is formed, in which support part 816 of holding section 808 securely rests on upper surface 830 of bottom section 828. Support part 816 and glass clamping part 812 of holding section 808 together with top section side wall 822 of concrete slab 802 form glass incorporation space 832, in which glass pane 834 is placed.

Between glass pane 834 and support part 816 of holding section 808 as well as between glass clamping part 812 of holding section 808 and glass pane 834 sealings 836 are positioned, which seal, support and protect glass pane 834. In this example, glass pane 834 is clamped in glass incorporation space 832 without restrainers. In another (not shown) embodiment, restrainers, for example in the form of wedges, may be used for clamping glass pane 834. Near upper edge 840 of top section side wall 822 sealing 842 is placed to seal the opening of glass incorporation space 832 against intrusion of fluids. In addition, sealing 842 provides a finishing look to the glass balustrade.

In an example (see figure 10), concrete slab 902 is provided with fixation element 904 that comprises anchoring section 906 and holding section 908. As is clearly seen, fixation element 904 in this example is monolithic element 904 in the form of bended and angled profile 904. In this example, holding section 908 comprises angle 910 of and bend 988 in angled profile 904.

As a result, holding section 908 comprises glass clamping part 912 that extends in second direction Z from first holding section end 914 to second holding section end 918, which seamlessly continues into front cover section 974a of cover section 974. Front cover section 974a extends trom second holding section end 918 towards cover section end 976 at which it is provided with {5 bend 988. From bend 988 rear cover section 974b of cover section 974 extends parallel to front cover section 974a in second direction Z towards angle 910. Holding section 908 continues as support part 916 that extends in first direction X from angle 910 to second holding section end 918. Second holding section 918 is connected to anchoring section 906. Anchoring section 906 is completely embedded in concrete slab 902, whereas support part 916 is only partially embedded in concrete slab 902. To provide a more secure connection between fixation element 904 and concrete slab 902, end portion 920 of anchoring section 906 is provided with openings or perforations 984 which are, during casting or pouring of the concrete, filled with concrete to establish a strong connection between fixation element 904 and concrete slab 902.

Furthermore, concrete slab 902 has a stepped profile. This means that top section side wall 922 of top section 924 is displaced in first direction X with respect to bottom section side wall 926 of bottom section 928. As a result, a stepped profile is formed, in which support part 916 of holding section 908 securely rests on upper surface 930 of bottom section 928.

Support part 916 and glass clamping part 912 of holding section 908 together with top section side wall 922 of concrete slab 902 form glass incorporation space 932, in which glass pane 934 is placed. Between glass pane 934 and support part 916 of holding section 908 as well as between glass clamping part 912 of holding section 908 and glass pane 934 sealings 936 are positioned, which seal, support and protect glass pane 934. In this example, glass pane 934 is clamped in glass incorporation space 932 without restrainers. In another (not shown) embodiment, restrainers, for example in the form of wedges, may be used for clamping glass pane 934. Near upper edge 940 of top section side wall 922 sealing 942 is placed to seal the opening of glass incorporation space 932 against intrusion of fluids.

In addition, sealing 942 provides a finishing {ook to the glass balustrade.

The present invention is by no means limited to the above described preferred embodiments thercof.

The rights sought are defined by the following clauses, within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.

CLAUSES

1. Fixation element configured for providing a glass balustrade to a concrete slab, preferably a balcony slab, wherein the fixation element comprises: — one or more anchoring sections extending at least partially in a first direction or under an angle with the first direction, wherein the one or more anchoring sections are configured to anchor the fixation element in the concrete slab, — a holding section extending at least partially in substantially a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and, wherein cach of the one or more anchoring sections is connected to the holding section at a connection point, wherein at least a part of each of the one or more anchoring sections of the fixation element is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab and to cooperate with the concrete slab to fixate the fixation element to the concrete slab; and wherein the holding section is configured to cooperate with an associated side wall of the concrete slab that extends at least partially in substantially the second direction to form a glass incorporation space in which a part of a glass balustrade extending in substantially the second direction is placeable.

2. Fixation element according to clause 1, wherein the fixation element is a monolithic element that is configured to be integrally connected with the concrete slab.

3. Fixation element according to clause 1, wherein the connection between each of the one or more anchoring sections and the holding section is a welded connection, and wherein the fixation element is configured to be integrally connected with the concrete slab.

4. Fixation element according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the holding section comprises an angled profile that extends from a first holding section end to a second holding section end and has a glass clamping part and a support part, wherein the glass clamping part extends substantially in the second direction from the first holding section end to an angle of the angled profile, and wherein the support part extends from the angle in substantially the first direction to the second holding section end, wherein each of the anchoring sections is connected to the second holding section end, and wherein the support part is at least partially embedded in the concrete slab.

5. Fixation element according to any one of the preceding clauses 1 — 3, wherein each of the one or more anchoring sections extends from a first anchoring section end that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab to a second anchoring section end, wherein the holding section comprises a glass clamping part and a support part that comprises a number of connectors, wherein each anchoring section is connected to an associated connector of the support part, and wherein one of the second anchoring section end and the associated connector of the support part is a female connector and wherein the other of the second anchoring section end and the associated connector of the support part is a male connector, and wherein the male connector and the female connector are configured to be connected to each other to form the fixation element.

6. Fixation element according to clause 5, wherein the one or more anchoring sections are an angled profile that extends in the first direction from the first anchoring section end that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab to an angle of the angled profile, and in the second direction from the angle to a second anchoring section end to form the male connector, and wherein the holding section comprises a glass clamping part and a support part that comprises a number of connectors, wherein each of the connectors of the support part comprises a U-shaped profile having an opening and an inner space that form the female connector.

7. Fixation element according to any of the previous clauses, further comprising a cover section that extends in substantially the second direction away from the holding section from the connection point towards a cover section end.

$. Fixation element according to clause 7, wherein the cover section and the holding section are monolithic, and preferably wherein the cover section, the holding section and the one or more anchoring sections are monolithic.

9. Fixation element according to any of the previous clauses, wherein an end portion of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite an associated connection point and that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab comprises a cross-section in the second direction that is larger than a cross-section of the remaining part of the anchoring section.

10. Fixation element according to any one of the previous clauses | - 9, wherein an end portion of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite from an associated connection point comprises a bend such that it extends substantially in the second direction.

11. Fixation element according to any one of the previous clauses 1 — 10, wherein an end portion of each of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned opposite an associated connection point and that is configured to be embedded in the concrete slab comprises a perforated section comprising one or more perforations in preferably the second direction.

12. Fixation element according to any of the previous clauses, wherein a portion of each of the one or more anchoring sections that is positioned adjacent to the associated connection point is configured to be movingly, such as slidingly or floatingly, embedded in the concrete slab in order to allow the anchoring section to thermally expand or thermally contract.

13. Concrete slab comprising: — one or more balustrade sides, each balustrade side having a concrete slab side wall; — a number of fixation elements according to any of the previous clauses positioned in one or more of the balustrade sides, wherein each of the number of fixation elements is integrally connected with the concrete slab; and — a glass incorporation space that is formed between the part of the holding section of the fixation element that extends in substantially the second direction and the associated side wall of the concrete slab that extends in substantially the second direction, and wherein a glass pane of a glass balustrade is placeable in the glass incorporation space.

14. Concrete slab according to clause 13, wherein the concrete slab comprises: — atop section having top section side walls; and — a bottom section having bottom section side walls, wherein the top section side walls are displaced in the first direction with respect to the bottom side walls, such that a recess is formed in the concrete slab, and wherein the holding section extends substantially flush with a bottom section side wall to form the glass incorporation space.

15. Concrete slab according to clause 13, wherein the holding section is placed at a distance of the concrete slab side and wherein the glass incorporation space is formed by a space between the holding section, the part of the anchoring section that extends beyond the concrete slab and the concrete slab side wall.

16. Concrete slab according to any one of the preceding clauses 13 — 15, comprising a number of sealing elements that extend over a predetermined length along a side wall of the glass incorporation space, such that the sealing elements substantially seal the glass incorporation space against fluid intrusion.

17. Concrete slab according to any one of the preceding clauses 13 — 16, wherein the glass incorporation space comprises a number of restrainers, for example wedges, that is positionable between the concrete slab side wall and a glass pane of the glass balustrade to clamp the glass pane in the glass incorporation space.

18. Balcony comprising: — a concrete slab according to any of the clauses 13 — 17; and — a glass balustrade comprising a number of glass panes; wherein the glass panes are clamped in the glass incorporation space.

19. Concrete slab preform for casting a concrete slab according to any of the clauses 13 ~ 17.

20. Method for manufacturing a concrete slab, for example a concrete balcony slab, having a glass balustrade, comprising: — providing a concrete slab including a number of fixation elements according to any one of the clauses 1 — 12, or providing a concrete slab according to any one of the clauses 13 — 17; — optionally, attaching the concrete slab to or in a building; — placing a number of glass panes of a glass balustrade in the glass incorporation space; and — optionally one or more of: — sealing the glass incorporation space, by providing one or more sealings between the glass panes and the side walls of the holding section and/or the concrete slab side wall; and — inserting a number of restrainers between the concrete slab side wall and the number of glass panes to clamp the glass panes in the glass incorporation space.

21. Method according to clause 20, wherein the step of providing a concrete slab comprises: — positioning the number of fixation elements in a preform for casting concrete slabs; — optionally providing reinforcement to the preform; — pouring concrete in the preform; — curing the concrete; — optionally removing the concrete slab from the preform or removing the casting from the concrete slab.

Claims

CONCLUSIONS

Fixing element adapted to provide a glass balustrade on or to a concrete slab, preferably a balcony slab, wherein the fixing element comprises: - One or more anchor sections extending at least partially in a first direction or at an angle to the first direction, wherein the one or more anchoring sections are designed for anchoring the fixing element in the concrete slab; A container section extending at least partially substantially in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first state; and wherein each of the one or more anchor sections is connected to the holder section at a connection point, wherein at least a portion of each of the one or more anchor sections of the fixing element is arranged to be rigidly received in the concrete slab and to cooperate with the concrete slab for fixing the fixing element in the concrete slab; and wherein the container section is adapted to cooperate with an associated side wall of the concrete slab extending at least partially substantially in the second direction to form a glass receiving space in which a portion of the glass balustrade extending substantially in the second direction, is absorbable.

Fixing element according to claim 1, wherein the fixing element is a monolithic element which is arranged to be integrally connected to the concrete slab.

Fixing element according to claim I, wherein the connection between each of the one or more anchoring sections and the holder section is a welded connection, and wherein the fixing element is arranged to be integrally connected to the concrete slab.

Fixing element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the holder section comprises an angle profile extending from a first holder section end to a second holder section end and which has a glass clamp part and a support part, the glass clamp part extending substantially in the second direction. from the first container section end to a corner of the corner profile, and wherein the support member extends substantially in the first direction from the corner to the second container section end, each of the anchor sections being connected to the second container section end, and wherein the support part is at least partially incorporated in the concrete slab.

Fixing element according to any one of the preceding claims 1 - 3, wherein each of the one or more anchoring sections extends from a first anchoring section end adapted to be received in the concrete slab to a second anchoring section end, the holder section having a glass clamping part and comprising a support part, the support part comprising a plurality of connection elements, each anchor section being connected to an associated connection element of the holder section, and one of the second anchor section end and the associated connection element of the support part being a female connection element and the other of the second anchor section end and the associated connecting member of the support member is a male connecting member, and wherein the male connecting member and the female connecting member are arranged to be connected together to form the fixing member,

Fixing element according to claim 5, wherein the one or more anchoring sections is a corner profile extending in the first direction from a first anchoring section end which is adapted to be fixedly received in the concrete slab to a corner of the corner profile, and which extends in the first direction. extends in the second direction from the corner of the corner profile to a second anchor section end to form the male connection part, and wherein the holder section comprises a glass clamp part and a support part, the support part comprising a plurality of connection elements, each of the connection elements of the support part comprises a U-profile which is provided with an opening and an inner space which form the female connecting element.

A fixing element according to any preceding claim, further comprising a cover section extending substantially in a second direction and away from the container section from the junction point to a cover section end.

Fixing element according to claim 7, wherein the cover section and the holder section are monolithic, and preferably wherein the cover section, the holder section and the one or more anchor sections are monolithic.

Fixing element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an end portion of the one or more anchor sections which is positioned opposite an associated connection point and which are adapted to be fixedly received in the concrete slab has a cross-section in the second direction that is larger than a cross-section of the remainder of the anchorage section.

Fixing element according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9, wherein an end portion of the one or more anchor sections positioned opposite an associated connection point includes a bend or corner such that it extends in the second direction.

Fixing element according to any one of the preceding claims 1-10, wherein an end portion of the one or more anchoring sections positioned opposite an associated connection point and adapted to be fixedly received in the concrete slab comprises a perforated section comprising one or more perforations which extend in the second direction.

Fixing element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a portion of the one or more anchor sections positioned adjacent to the associated connection point is arranged to be movably received, such as slidably or floating, in the concrete slab to allow the anchor section to be thermally expanded or thermally contract.

13. Concrete slab, comprising: - one or more balustrade sides, each balustrade side being provided with a concrete slab side wall; - a number of fixing elements according to any one of the preceding claims, which are positioned in the one or more balustrade sides, wherein each of the number of fixing elements is integrally connected to the concrete slab; and - a glass receiving space which is formed by a part of the holder section of the fixing element that extends substantially in the second direction and the associated side wall of the concrete slab which extends substantially in the second direction, and wherein a glass plate of the glass balustrade can be placed is in the glass receptacle.

Concrete slab according to claim 13, wherein the concrete slab comprises: - an upper section provided with upper section side walls; and - a bottom section provided with bottom section side walls, wherein the top section side walls are offset in the first direction with respect to the bottom section side walls, such that a recess is formed in the concrete slab, and wherein the holder section is substantially parallel to the bottom section. side wall to form the glass receiving space.

A concrete slab according to claim 13, wherein the container section is spaced from the concrete slab and wherein the glass receiving space is formed by a space between the container section, the part of the anchoring section that extends outside the concrete slab and the concrete slab side wall.

Concrete slab according to any one of the preceding claims 13-15, comprising a number of sealing elements extending over a predetermined length along a side wall of the glass receiving space, so that the sealing elements substantially close off the glass receiving space for liquid penetration.

Concrete slab according to any one of the preceding claims 13-16, wherein the glass receiving space comprises a number of retaining elements, for example wedges, which are positionable between the concrete slab side wall and a glass panel of the glass balustrade for clamping the glass panel in the glass receiving space.

18. Balcony comprising: - a concrete slab as claimed in any of the claims 13-17; and - a glass balustrade comprising a number of glass panels; wherein the glass panels are clamped in the glass receiving space.

19. Concrete slab mold for pouring a concrete slab according to any one of claims 13-17.

20. Method for manufacturing a concrete slab, for example of a balcony, provided with a glass balustrade, comprising: - providing a concrete slab provided with a number of fixing elements according to any one of claims 1 - 13, or providing a concrete slab according to any one of the claims 13-17; - optionally, connecting the concrete slab to or in a building; - placing a number of glass panels in the glass receiving space; and - optionally one or more of: - sealing the glass receiving space by providing one or more seals between the glass panels and the side walls of the container section and / or the concrete slab side walls; and - arranging a number of retaining elements between the concrete slab side wall and the number of glass panels in order to clamp the glass panels in the glass receiving space.

The method of claim 20, wherein the step of providing a concrete slab comprises:

- positioning the number of fixing elements in a preform for casting concrete slabs;

- optionally applying reinforcement in the preform;

Pouring the concrete into the preform;

- hardening of the concrete;

- optionally removing the concrete slab from the preform or removing the preform from the concrete slab.