MXPA97010416A - Improved multifunctional additive for die - Google Patents
Improved multifunctional additive for dieInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA97010416A MXPA97010416A MXPA/A/1997/010416A MX9710416A MXPA97010416A MX PA97010416 A MXPA97010416 A MX PA97010416A MX 9710416 A MX9710416 A MX 9710416A MX PA97010416 A MXPA97010416 A MX PA97010416A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- diesel
- weight
- additive
- corrosion
- type
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 amine salt Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen oxide Substances O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000007129 Cuminum cyminum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004559 Cuminum cyminum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052813 nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (Z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012062 aqueous buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural Effects 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003254 gasoline additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to: an improved multifunctional additive for diesel, in whose composition is involved detergents-dispersants of synthetic origin, as well as a corrosion inhibitor, a de-emulsifier and a solvent of aromatic type. This multifunctional additive imparts to the diesel characteristics that favor the good behavior of the vehicles in terms of the reduction of pollutant emissions to the environment, manageability, cleaning of the fuel intake systems, corrosion inhibiting characteristics of the metallic parts with which It finds in contact the fuel and de-emulsifying properties that promote the immediate separation of diesel-water emulsions that eventually form during the handling and storage of diesel so that the incorporation of this additive to diesel imparts the necessary characteristics so that they are met the requirements set forth in the ambient regulations
Description
IMPROVED MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE FOR DIESEL
DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improved multifunctional additive for diesel, whose composition comprises detergent-dispersants of synthetic origin, as well as a corrosion inhibitor, a demulsifier and a solvent of aromatic type.
This multifunctional additive imparts to the diesel characteristics that favor the good behavior of the vehicles in terms of the reduction of pollutant emissions to the environment, manageability, cleaning of the fuel intake systems, corrosion inhibiting characteristics of the metal parts with which It finds in contact the fuel and de-emulsifying properties that promote the immediate separation of diesel-water emulsions that are eventually formed during the handling and storage of diesel so that the incorporation of this additive to diesel imparts the necessary characteristics so that they are met the requirements set forth in the environmental regulations.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
The advance of automotive technology has required the corresponding advance in the composition of the fuels with which they operate.
Currently, both the automotive industry and the oil industry are making efforts for the production of motor vehicles and fuels with which greater efficiency is achieved, in addition to reducing as much as possible the emission of polluting gases into the atmosphere of the urban centers where they are consumed.
As a result of the combustion of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum in this type of engines, waste is deposited in the different parts of the fuel intake system, mainly in the injectors, which translates into a low efficiency in the combustion process , provoking with them a greater emission of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide.
The current technology to reduce deposit formation in fuel intake systems incurs the use of multifunctional detergent-dispersant additives that solubilized in the fuel keep the injectors clean, thus reducing the problems of air pollution.
In recent years, numerous additives have been developed with detergent properties for diesel that reduce the formation of deposits in automotive intake systems.
National patent No. 139196 of the same owner hereby protects an improved detergent composition as a gasoline additive, comprising a mixture of an oleylamine and a heavy neutral oil.
The national patent No. 169701 pertaining to the owner hereof, refers to a detergent-dispersant additive for gasoline constituted by a mixture of a mineral naphthenic type oil, a polymeric dispersant and an aromatic solvent, which is applied to reduce the emission of pollutants in automotive vehicles.
The patent application No. 9406194 pertaining to this holder, describes and claims an improved detergent-dispersant additive for gasoline composed of a combination of a polyisobutylene-succinimide, a naphthenic-type mineral oil, an amine salt of carboxylic acid, an ethoxylated demulsifier. -propoxylated and an aromatic solvent.
Based on the above, the applicants have developed a multifunctional additive for diesel that reduces the formation of deposits in the injectors according to international environmental regulations in cleaning injectors, in addition to avoiding the corrosion of metal parts that are in contact with the diesel and eliminates the formation of diesel-water emulsions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION.
The present invention relates to an improved multifunctional additive for diesel to be used as detergent-dispersant in automotive vehicles, further having action, corrosion inhibitor and demulsifier, which is why it is said to be a multifunctional composition comprising a polymeric detergent-dispersant, a corrosion inhibitor and an organic demulsifier.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved detergent-dispersant additive for diesel, useful to prevent the formation of deposits in the fuel intake system of motor vehicles.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional additive that, when incorporated into diesel, acquires these behavioral characteristics that comply with internationally established environmental regulations.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional additive useful for reducing pollutant emissions to the environment caused by the combustion of diesel in vehicles with internal combustion engines.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional additive that prevents corrosion in the metal parts with which the fuel comes into contact during its handling.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional additive for gasoline which prevents the formation of water-fuel emulsion.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an effective additive with economic advantages to those already known.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
The present invention relates to an improved multifunctional additive for diesel,
useful to avoid deposit formation and keep the intake system clean
fuel from automotive vehicles, avoid corrosion of metal parts with
which is in contact with the fuel, avoid the formation of water-fuel emulsion and reduce the polluting gases emitted by vehicles complying
with international regulations in this matter.
The multifunctional additive for diesel of the present invention is constituted by a
polymeric detergent-dispersant, a corrosion inhibiting agent, an agent
demulsifier and an aromatic solvent.
Preferably the composition of the improved multifunctional additive for diesel is
composed of the following components and proportions:
COMPONENT% WEIGHT Poly-alkenyl-succinimide 30-40 Organic salts 5-9 Oxyalkylated phenolic resins 1-4 Aromatic solvent 45 - 60 The practical use of the composition, which is perfectly soluble in diesel, is carried
in dosages of the order of 100-300 ppm although it can be modified from
according to the characteristics of the fuel.
PREPARATION.
The preparation of the improved multifunctional additive for diesel is carried out from the
Following way:
In a carbon steel reactor, free of contaminants and solids provided with agitation
and heating and cooling system, is added in the proper proportions the
aromatic solvent stirring and raising the temperature between 30-35 ° C keeping
these conditions at the end of which the succinimide is added slowly, the
corrosion inhibitor and finally the demulsifier, continuing the agitation until
obtain a homogeneous mixture.
It is allowed to cool to room temperature and samples are taken from the bottom-middle and upper of the reactor for quality control purposes.
The physicochemical characteristics of the multifunctional additive are shown below:
Characteristics of the improved multifunctional additive for diesel:
Density at 20 ° C, g / cm3 0.915 - 0.935 Flash point, ° C 45 min. Runoff temperature, ° C - 20 max. Kinematic viscosity at 20 ° C, cSt 400-600 Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C, cSt 2-8
EVALUATION OF DETERGENT-DISPERSANT ADDITIVE
IMPROVED FOR DIESEL.
To determine its efficiency, the improved detergent-dispersant additive of the present
invention is subjected to a detergency test in injectors.
Detergency test in injectors.
Through this test the efficiency of the additive is evaluated as detergent-dispersant of
deposits measuring the reduction thereof in a bank engine. East
procedure consists in the measurement of smoke emitted by a diesel engine that operates
for 15 hours with additivated diesel. The average of these are compared with the
average obtained similarly, but with diesel without additive and are evaluated in% of
decrease or increase. The increase in the opacity of smoke emissions are
proportional to the deposits in the injector.
Corrosion test.
This test determines the protection against corrosion that the fuel presents when it is in the presence of metallic materials.
The test is carried out by contacting the metered gasoline with the improved detergent-dispersant additive, with a carbon steel specimen for four hours in the presence of water, maintaining the temperature at 38 oC. At the end of the test period the specimen is graded as to the percentage of the rust area it presents, considering that it passes the test when it presents less than 0.1% of the area with corrosion.
Water tolerance test.
It is applied to define the capacity of the demulsifying agent to avoid the formation of permanent emulsions diesel-water.
The test is performed by vigorously stirring a sample of diesel (containing the additive motif of this invention) in the presence of an aqueous buffer solution of an alkaline phosphate for two minutes, after which it is allowed to stand for five minutes observing the change in volume of the aqueous layer, interphase formation and degree of separation of the phases, obtaining values in conventional units that indicate the efficiency of the demulsifying agent.
Following are some examples of the practical embodiment of the invention based on the mentioned tests.
E J E M P L O S
In order to illustrate the experimental development of the novel composition of the improved multifunctional additive for diesel, some examples of preparation and behavior evaluation are mentioned below.
Example 1.
54% by weight of the aromatic solvent are placed in a stirred vessel, stirring is maintained and the temperature is raised to 35 ° C. Then, 37% weight of the succinimide detergent-dispersant agent is added; 7% weight of the corrosion inhibiting agent; 2% weight of the de-emulsifying agent, of the oxyalkylated phenolic resin type. Stirring is continued until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. In this way, the multifunctional composition for diesel is obtained, the reason for this invention.
Example 2
Following the procedure described in example 1, an additive with the following composition is prepared: 30% of the succinimide dispersing detergent, 7% weight of the corrosion inhibiting agent; 2% weight of the demulsifier of the oxyalkylated phenolic resin type and 61% of the aromatic solvent type. In this way a multifunctional composition for diesel is obtained.
Example 3
According to the procedure of Example 1 and in the same proportions as indicated in Example 2, a multifunctional additive is prepared by varying only the type of demulsifier by one of the carboxylic acid type with high molecular weight polyoxyethylene polypropylene chain.
Example 4
According to the procedure of Example 1, and in the same proportions as those indicated in Example 2, a multifunctional additive is prepared by varying the type of demulsifier in this case by one of the polyoxypropylene chain carboxylic acid type.
LABORATORY EVALUATION
EMULSION CORROSION AREA (Method NACE-TM-071) (Method ASTM-D-1094) Inferred Separation A no corrosion Ib small bubbles 1 perfect B ++ separation less than 0.1% in 50% of the area of 2 a film and bur-interphase bubbles in gas B + less than 5% 2 a film in C from 25 to 50% D interface from 50 to 75% 3 bubbles in E from 75 to 100% 3 light foam water layer
The best formulations were selected taking into account the qualifications
obtained in the corrosion and demulsion tests, and were evaluated in test
Injector detergency following the corresponding method.
The obteined results are showed next:
PROOF OF DETERGENCE IN INJECTOR
Evaluation of example 1 in bench-to-dynamometer engine.
The tests to evaluate the diesel additive called IMP-AD-5 were developed in a Cummins benchmark motor of 210 HP, 504 in. cubic displacement, natural aspiration, direct fuel injection, pump and injectors type PT, which is coupled to an eddy current dynamometer
(Eddy Current) brand Eaton Dynamatic, water cooled, 300 HP capacity.
Before the start of the tests, the engine was conditioned, changing oil and filters, fuel and lubricant; Likewise, at the beginning and during the development of the tests, the fuel and oil used were characterized according to the specifications of PEMEX.
According to the previously established program, the reference conditions were initially determined using Pemex-Diesel for 100 hours, without the use of the additive, the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), being determined twice a day, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon dioxide and smoke, for each of the points of the method, in 13 ways. Likewise, the fuel consumption and power were determined, later similar determinations were carried out using the fuel additive with the product IMP-AD-5 during 100 hours of operation, with a concentration of 355 ppm.
Prior to the start of the evaluation tests, the engine was stabilized for 24 hours under constant load and speed conditions, subsequently the power curves characteristic of the engine in question were obtained under the conditions of Mexico City and in the mechanical state that was at the beginning of the tests, then the points defined by the 13-step methodology were determined, which considers 3 idle determinations, which due to the dynamometer and engine capacity, it was only possible to make two determinations at this point; 5 data shots at an intermediate angular speed of 2000 rpm and 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and residual of the maximum torque, as well as 5 measurements at the maximum power speed (3000 rpm) for the same percentages of torque . For the determination of exhaust emissions, the methodology established in the practices recommended by the SAE, Vol. 3, Methods J1003, J177b, J244 and J255 was used.
The results of the Cummins bank engine evaluation, with the ECE methodology. R49 (Mode 13) are the following:
POLLUTANT EMISSIONS GR / HP-HR
Claims (2)
1. An improved detergent-dispersant additive for diesel, characterized in that it comprises 30 to 40% by weight of a succinimide-type compound, from 5 to 9% by weight of a corrosion-inhibiting compound; from 1 to 4% weight of an oxyalkylated phenolic resin type demulsifier mixed with acylated and sulphonated polyglycols; and from 45 to 60% by weight of a low molecular weight aromatic solvent.
2. An improved detergent-dispersant additive for diesel, according to clause 1, comprising 37% by weight of a succinimide-type detergent-dispersant, 7% by weight of a corrosion-inhibiting agent; 2% weight of a de-emulsifying agent type oxyalkylated phenolic resin and 54% of an aromatic solvent. . An improved detergent-dispersant additive for diesel according to clause 1, characterized in that it comprises a demulsifying agent of the type of oxyalkylated phenolic resins mixed with acylated and sulphonated polyglycols. An improved detergent-dispersant additive for diesel according to clauses 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises a corrosion inhibitor that acts as a hydrophobic alkyl chain that adheres to metal surfaces and acts as a protective barrier of the metal against water.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA97010416A true MXPA97010416A (en) | 1999-06-01 |
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