MXPA97005212A

MXPA97005212A - Wind instrument and closure member for vie instrument

Info

Publication number: MXPA97005212A
Application number: MXPA/A/1997/005212A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Smeding Rienk
Original assignee: Smeding Rienk
Priority date: 1995-01-13
Filing date: 1997-07-10
Publication date: 1998-02-01

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind instrument comprising a basic body in which a central duct extends which is joined by a peripheral wall of the basic body, a plurality of openings in the peripheral wall which connect the duct to the surrounding air, a plurality of valves mounted on the basic body and each comprising a closing member coacting with an opening, and comprising the control means connected to said valves. The control means guides the closure member for movement between a closed position in which the opening is closed by the closure member, and an open position in which the opening is left free. The closure member comprises a plate of rigid material which is provided on the side facing the opening with sealing material, and which in the closed position is hermetically coupled around the opening. The closure member is connected to the control means by elastic means

Description

WIND INSTRUMENT AND CLOSURE MEMBER FOR WIND INSTRUMENT The invention relates to a wind instrument, such as a saxophone, clarinet, flute, bassoon, oboe or similar instrument, provided with closing members. Such a wind instrument comprises a basic body in which at least one central duct which is joined by a peripheral wall of the basic body extends. Formed in the peripheral wall is a number of holes which connect the conduit with the neighboring air. At least one of this.- openings can be opened and closed by means of the closing members mounted on the instrument. Particularly the height or tone that is produced is determined by the open or closed position of the closing members when the instrument is touched, where in general, the higher the position of the closing member that opens, the higher the tone obtained. In known wind instruments of this type the closure members comprise in each case a cup-shaped support which is part of the control means, and wherein a pad of REF: 25119 closure is fixed, for example, with wax to seal. This closing pad constitutes the closing member that can close and free the associated opening in the peripheral wall. According to the prior art the closure pad is for example composed of a felt pad bonded by leather. In some cases a basic layer of cardboard is also used as well as a thin plate of metal or plastic riveted to it. For good operation of the wind instrument it is essential that some closure members effectively close properly in the closed position. Even in the case of a minor leak the desired tone or tones can not be produced, or in any case not adequately. The precise arrangement of closing members is therefore of primary importance. This is particularly the case when a plurality of closure members are closed simultaneously with common control means. The sealing pads should be replaced regularly due to wear and / or deformation of the pads. This is a time-consuming and expensive process. The sealing pads are usually secured in the cup-shaped holders with sealing wax and, when a complete coupling in the closed position is not already obtained initially, a precise adjustment of the closing pads is subsequently obtained by the arrangement of small fillers, for example paper or cardboard, behind the cushions, so that the closure members close properly over the entire periphery and / or so that the closure members that close simultaneously, are completely sealed. The object of the invention is to provide a wind instrument of the type set forth in the preamble, wherein said disadvantages of known instruments occur to a lesser degree. According to the invention, this is achieved by applying the characterization part of claim 1. Due to the plate of rigid material the closure member will automatically perform a good coupling on the entire periphery of the opening, when it is pressed against the opening. Because of this coupling position of the closure member coupled to the control means, the correct position of the closure member relative to the opening is achieved at one time. Due to the flexible means the closing stroke - and the lifting height of the closing member of an opening can be elastically adapted, for example automatically, to the closing stroke respectively to the lifting opening of the closing member of another opening, being controlled the two openings simultaneously through the common control network. This prevents a closure member from leaking when the other closure member that is coupled to it is already closed. Through the application of this inventive step the mutual adjustment of this mutually coupled closure member no longer requires an extremely precise adjustment. The replacement of the closing members becomes very simple with this. Adjustment operations are no longer necessaryor not at all. The control mechanism is subject to a lower degree of wear and the stoppers of the control mechanism are trapped or cleaned less frequently, resulting in a longer life. Particularly in a known saxophone wherein the closing members can have very large dimensions, the closing pad has a remarkable influence on the sound, since it functions as a buffer area. Particularly high harmonic sounds in the produced tone are quickly damped with this. It has been found that in the wind instrument according to claim 2 the sound is considerably improved and in particular it comprises more of the higher harmonic tones. By using the hard metal, preferably metallic, material which remains substantially uncovered, the damping described above is avoided. The closing members increase the amount of material, weight and production activity involved in the manufacture of wind instruments. The invention provides a wind instrument according to claim 3, which requires less material, has a lower weight and is easier to manufacture. An appropriate embodiment is further characterized in claim 4. The foam material can precisely effect the required flexibility of the connection over a small height. An additionally developed wind instrument is characterized according to claim 5. The closure members are connected here to control the rods by means of a simple support member that allows an inclination movement.

- 'By applying the activity of claim 6 it is achieved that a sufficient torque to center the closure member on the opening is already realized with a small closing force. In addition, the closing member is then free on both of its sides and therefore cushioned less. The invention also relates to and provides a closure member according to any of claims 8 to 10. The invention will be further elucidated in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a saxophone, which is a wind instrument according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the closure member of the saxophone of Figure 1, according to arrow II; Figure 3 shows a cross section of the closure member of Figure 2 in the position of the opening; Figures 4, 5, 7-13, 15, 17-19, 21 and 23-25 each show a corresponding view with Figure 3, in each case of a different modality; "" Figure 6 is a perspective view of a fraction of an instrument according to the invention; Figure 9A is an e-perspective view of detail IX of Figure 9; Figures 14 and 16 each show a fraction of the top view of Figure 13 respectively 15; and Figure 22 shows a top view of the fraction of Figure 21. In the description of the figures the functionally identical elements have the same numbers. The saxophone 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises a basic body or casing 2 made of metal, for example of brass, through which a duct extends. A wooden shell, made of hard plastic or composite material, such as hard wood crushed with epoxy resin, is also possible in particular instruments. This conduit extends from the mouthpiece 3 towards the opening 4 on the front end of the basic body 2. When the saxophone 1 is touched the air column in the conduit is put into resonance. The resonance frequency and thus the pitch produced depends on the length of the resonant air column. In the peripheral wall of the basic body 2 a plurality of openings are formed which can be closed or opened by the valves 5. The length of the resonance column is generally determined by the open valve closest to the nozzle 3. The valves 5 comprise closure members that are movable by means of the control 6 between an open position and a distance from the associated opening 4, and a closed position where the opening 4 is closed on the closing member 15. The valves 5 are manually controlled in order to create a desired tone. Figure 2 shows the principle of a valve 5 of saxophone 1. In this embodiment the valve 5 comprises a cup-shaped cover 8 receiving u? closing member 15 to be described later. The cover 5 is connected to a rod 21 which is pivotably connected to a support 11 fixedly connected to the basic body 2. On the opposite end the rod 21 is provided with a key 9. A spring is accommodated on the rod 21. of plank 12 which, in this example, pushes' -the rod 21 counterclockwise, for example, pushes the cover 8 over the opening 4. The cover 8 with the closing member 15 received therein it can thus be moved away from the opening 4 by pressing the key 9. The open position of the valve 5 is determined by a stop element 13 which is usually made of cork. Figure 3 shows the embodiment of the valve 5 in the position of the opening 4. The effective closure member 15 comprises a substantially rigid plate 16, in any case a plate of hard material, which is provided with sealing material 17 on the side facing the opening 4. In this embodiment the sealing material consists of a ring 18 either of foam material, such as a thin layer of cellular rubber with a thickness of the order of magnitude of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 mm and in particular between 0.7 and 1.2 mm, whose layer is optionally covered with a thin layer of flexible leather 19 , or of very soft solid rubber which is for example vulcanized to plate 16, the ring being connected directly to the rigid plate 16. The edge 20 around the opening 4 is usually made flat so that the surface of the sealing material You can make good sealing coupling scjre this edge. The leather layer 19 is preferably unused, and the thin layer of cellular rubber consists of cellular rubber having very small closed cells. The average cell diameter is smaller than 0.5 mm, for example smaller than 0.3 mm and preferably smaller than 0.2 rom. This sealing material is for example coated on the outer side with a sealing film to prevent infiltration of moisture. In small valves, for example of a clarinet, the ring 18 is for example replaced by a round disk of the same material. The hard plate 16 is preferably a metal plate made flat so that it extends accurately at a constant distance from the edge 20 and the sealing surface is thus accurately supported on one and on the same surface. The plate 16 has a stiffness, depending on the type of metal selected and the diameter of the pitch opening, such that the deflection or deviation of the plate resulting from the strong handling force (approximately 2N) is preferably smaller than 0.3 mm , more preferably smaller than 0.2 mm, for example of the order of magnitude of 0.1 mm. In the case of stainless steel (430 stainless steel) the thicknesses of the plate are from 0.1 to 1 rom, preferably from 0.15 to 0.8 mm, more preferably in the order of magnitude of 0.5 mm. In the preferred embodiment shown the closure member 15 is elastically connected to the control means 6. This flexible connection is realized since a male part 23 of a hard rubber pressure fastener is glued to the cover 8 with interposition of a pad 22 of foam resin, preferably with a thickness in the order of magnitude of 2 mm. The rigid plate 15 is pushed on this male part 23 of the pressure clamp and the female part 24 (of the rubber or hard plastic) of the pressure clamp is subsequently tightened on the part projecting through the plate 16. The material of foam 22 constitutes the elastic means with which the closure member 15 is connected for light movement towards the control means 6. In terms of its position, the member "15" and particularly the sealing ring thereof can be adapted from Precisely to the edge 20 and to close all the sealing engagement with it, even if in the position not completely closed still the closing member 15 had to lie in a slightly inclined position relative to the edge 20. Due to the force of pressure of the spring 12 or, in the opposite case, due to the pressing force exerted by the hand, the closing member 15 is brought to be placed precisely on the edge 20. Because it is elastic means in the shape of the layer of foam material 22, valves 5, mutually connected for example according to Figure 6, are easily adjustable one relative to the other. With little adjustment capacity, good simultaneous closing can be performed with little pressure force. In Figure 6 for example the valve 5B is also closed each time each or any of the series of valves 5A is closed. For this purpose the rod 21B which is pushed to the open position by the spring 12B is fixedly connected to a longitudinal rod 38, which supports via a cork 41A on the rods 21A, which themselves rest on the valve position open on the body 2 via a cork 42A. If at least one of the valves 5A is closed by means of the key 43 for finger welded on them, the branch members 15B and 15A will be closed simultaneously in an appropriate manner, because both closure members 15B and 15A are connected to the control means 6 via the elastic means. It is also conceivable that a valve 5B can be closed either individually and directly by means of its own finger wrench (not shown), or together with one or more other valves 5A by means of the longitudinal rod 38. The Figure 4 shows a slightly modi mode. The cover 8 is omitted here and the closure member 15 is directly connected to the rod 21 of the control means 6 using the connection of the pressure fastener described above. The mass of the control means 6 becomes smaller, which can contribute to a lighter operation of the valve mechanism. In the embodiment of Figure 5, a press fit connection by means of a pressure fastener is likewise used. The male part 30 of the pressure fastener is fixedly fixed in the cover 8 by means of a connection 31 by glue or cement. A ring 32 of elastic material, in particular foam material, is first accommodated on the protruding portion 34 of the part 30 of the male pressure fastener, after which the metal closure plate 15, a second ring 36 of elastic material and the female part 24 of the pressure fastener are successively arranged. For a permanent connection the part 30 of the pressure fastener can for example also be welded to the rod 21 of the control means 6. As can be clearly observed in the Figures 3-5, however much the greater part of the opening 4 is closed by the uncovered surface of the rigid plate, for example the brass plate 16, which does not have on any of its sides any centrally placed coupling material. , causing the damping. Due to this, little or no damping occurs in the position of the closed opening 4, whereby the sound of the wind instrument 1 becomes fuller and brighter than that achieved with the usual closing pads. The adjustment of the rigid plates 16 is very simple. Adjustment operations are not required or almost not required to ensure that the sealing material 18 engages the entire periphery of the opening. It has been found that the tuning of the instrument, which is also determined by the distance of the closing members 15 to the opening 4 in the open position, can be better controlled.

In practice it is found that the mechanism is a little faster and the seizure (run) of the valves does not occur or occurs to a lesser degree. The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments shown in the figures. Even without the elastic connection of the closing member 15 with the control means 6 the advantage is already achieved more simply by mounting the closing plates with less adjustment work and / or a better sound of the instrument. The assembly of the closure members 15 using the snap connection, particularly formed by a pressure fastener, makes possible a very simple replacement of the closure member 15. However, it falls within the present invention to fix the closure members 15. to the control means respectively on the cover 8, for example with a piece of double-sided foam adhesive tape. According to Figure 8, a soft pad 39 is fixed to the control means 6, for example by welding. The ring 32 and the closing member 15 are placed on the tang 39 and held thereon by means of an element, for example a piece of rubber hose 40, folded, which 'hugs the protruding end of the tang 39. In Figure 6 the closing member 15A, 15B is fixed to a cover 8 by a base plate 45 of a tang 39 which is welded to the cover 8, and a rubber block 25 which is placed on this pin 39 and glued to the base plate 25 and rigid plate 16. Plate 16 is centered by pin 39 and can move slightly axially, as well as be tilted relative to cover 8. The almost mutual valve adjustment takes place by the slight bending of the brass rods 21 or other control elements of the control means 6. The valve 5 of Figure 7 is the same as that of Figure 6, with the modifications that a filling 44 is accommodated between the cover 8 and the base plate 45 of a hard rubber pin, d so that the universal rubber blocks 25 can be employed for various distances s_ to different valve dimensions. The valve 5 of Figure 9 comprises a cover 6 that is welded to a rod 21 and in which a base plate 45 of a tang 39 is rigidly connected via a filler 44. A thin, flexible, substantially non-stretchable membrane 46 is first adhered to a ring 32 of elastic material, for example rubber in cell configuration, of 0.5 to 1 mm. Placed on top of this is a rigid pressure ring 47 and on the latter a small, practically solid perforated rubber block 48, for example a ring with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm, which are all placed on the tang 39 by above the rigid plate 16. The peripheral edge of the membrane 46 is subsequently glued in a stretched position to the rigid plate 16. The base plate 45 is then rigidly glued to the cover 8 via the filling 44. The rigid plate 16 can pivot slightly around the ring 48 and can move slightly in the axial direction, due to the elastic layer 32. The sealing ring 18 of rubber in cell configuration can therefore be thin, for example from 1 to 2 mm. The valve 5 of Figure 10 has the membrane 46 and the rubber block 49 which replaces the ring 32. The elasticity of the rubber block 49 is in the order of magnitude from 0 to 70 ° Shore, preferably 30 to 50 ° Shore , for example chosen such that the required performance of 0.25 to 0.5 mm is automatically obtained by force driving with the finger of the keys, to ensure the closed position of the mutually coupled valves. The block 49 is glued to the rigid plate 16 and the base plate 45. The membrane 45 is glued to the base plate 45 and the rigid plate 16. The membrane 46 of Figures 9 and 10 actually has a slight inclination. In contrast to Figure 10 the centering membrane 46 is replaced in Figure 11 by the centering pressure fastener 23, 24 of the rubber or hard plastic. In Figure 12 the centering of the plate 16 is made almost solely by means of the membrane 46, which is glued between the elastic rubber block 49 and the cover 8 and glued to the plate 16. This is a simple valve construction and effective. The block 49 is supported not glued against the plate 16, such that the plate 16 can pivot to some degree. The block 49 may have a lower end in the form of a half ball or be completely constructed by an elastic ball. The valve 15 of Figures 13 and 14 does not have the cover 8. A brass bushing 50 is welded to the rod 21 and has a threaded hole 51 into which is screwed a threaded rod 52 with a notched head 53 for a screwdriver, and a lower part 55 comprising a threaded hole 54. The rigid, concave or flat 16 mm brass plate 0.4 mm is screwed into the threaded hole 54, by means of a screw 56 with a stop edge 57 with interposition of a block of elastic rubber 49. Welded to plate 16 is an ornamental disk 58 of thin brass and a central opening 59 thereof is optionally covered with a welded brass ring 60. A small set K for example of 1 or 2 mm is left free between the bushing 50 and the ring 60. Due to the elastic means formed by the elastic rubber block, this closing member 15 can flex slightly after closing the valve 5. during a small continuous downward movement of the bushing 50. This closing member 15 is easily adjustable when the lock nut 61 is released. The valve 5 of Figures 15 and 16 has a brass bushing 62 welded to a rod 21, in which bushing a hard rubber base plate 45 is glued, optionally with interposition of a hard filler piece 44. A rigid brass plate 16, concave encloses a rubber block 49 and is itself enclosed by a soft ring and a female part 24 of a pressure fastener.

- In all the figures the flexible or elastic means 6, for example, consisting of a layer 22 or 32 of a block 49, allow a small stroke of the closing member 15 at a normal pressing force with the finger when touching the instrument, such that good sealing of each valve 5 of a plurality of shut-off valves 5 is obtained, simultaneously, when there is sufficient rigidity of the valve control. An excessively soft elasticity is disastrous. While playing the instrument the musician must retain the feeling of a direct touch. The stroke allowed by the elastic means 6 is preferably less than 3 mm and more preferably less than 1 mm. A stroke in the order of magnitude of 0.5 mm is ideal. The more sensitive is for example a professional musician, the better the feeling of contact with the instrument is appreciated, and the smaller the race is chosen, for example from 0.2 to 0.4 mm, since in that case the adjustment work is less important. longer and the higher costs related. However, the adjustment of a known instrument designed for professional use, requires much more time. In the case where a particularly professional musician appreciates the absolute reliability of the closure -perfect of the valves 5, he will prefer a slightly longer stroke, for example from 0.4 to 0.7 mm For novices who prefer to prevent the possible correction of the valve, a stroke in the order of magnitude of 1 mm and more is preferable. Finger force means a force to touch the key with the finger, for example a kinetic energy that responds to a static force that falls between 0.25 and 5 N, particularly between 0.25 and 3 N, and preferably smaller than 1 N Figure 18 shows at a scale of 6: 1 a convex closure member 15, consisting of a metal, for example a rigid tumbaga plate with a rubber sealing ring 18 in the configuration of cells, whose closing member 15 it is adapted if necessary to the edge 20 by light pivoting, since it is received for light pivoting in a solid rubber ring with a U-shaped profile, and having a hardness between 40 ° and 80 ° Shore. The valve retainer 8, indicated with dashed lines, which is used in known wind instruments, is omitted, and a bolt head 72 is welded to an arm 21 of the valve control mechanism, and around it a ring of tumbaga 73. Around the vastag or a rubber ring is arranged in the configuration of cells between two rings 73 which, together with the ring 71 and the closing member 15 contained therein, are held together by means of the nut 75 screwed on the rod 74 of the bolt. cap screw. The wind instrument, of which all JS closure members 15, regardless of their diameter, are all provided particularly with connection means 71-75 of identical dimensions and which have sealing rings 18 with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm, and a width of 3 to 8 mm , it has a beautiful sound and requires hardly any adjustment after assembly. By ensuring the seal, the instrument plays softly, easily and clearly. Figure 19 is identical to Figure 18, with the difference that a rubber hose 77 is accommodated around the stem 74 of the "bolt" and the closure member 15 is further enclosed by a rubber 78 ring, virtually solid with a hardness in the order of magnitude from 0 to 50 ° Shore According to Figure 20, the closure member 15 is fixed to the arm 21, since the shaft or stem 74 of the bolt with the head 72 of the bolt and the ring-73 together with a U-shaped clamp 80 form a mutually welded unit 81, to which the closing member 15 according to Figures 18 and 19 is fixed.This unit 81 is placed on the arm 21 of according to the arrow 82, and fastened thereto by means of a screw 83. In Figures 21 and 22 the closure member 15 is fixed to a round disk-shaped end 84 of the arm 21., by means of a nut 75, a rubber ring 71 practically solid, a metal ring 73 and a ring 32 of rubber in cell configuration, and by means of an end 85 of the rod of the bolt welded at said end 84. The Figure 23 is identical to Figure 21, with the difference that the closure member 15 with its substantially solid rubber ring eg 40 ° Shore, is fastened directly on the disk 84. If the Lo 71 closely fits around the shank 74 of the pin, the nut 75 may optionally be omitted. The components with their preferred dimensions are shown in Figures 18-25. Reference is made to said indicated dimensions. The dimensions in the same order of magnitude are preferably applied. The diameters and rings 18 of the various closure members 15 are of course adapted to the openings 4 of the basic body 2. The identical elements are otherwise used for the connections. Because the closing members 15 close well, the valve springs of the closed valves can be adjusted with less tension. The edges 20 of the openings 4 are each suitably flattened by grinding in one and in the same plane. In Figures 24-28 a thin, completely flat metal plate 16, for example of titanium with a thickness for example of 0.2-0.5 mm, preferably of this order of magnitude, is fitted on the flat edge 20 with interposition of the sealing ring thin 18 of the cellular rubber, with the closed cell structure for example of a thickness of 0.5-2 mm, preferably of this order of magnitude. A plate 16 of the plastic or other shape retaining material, although elastic, may also be considered. The plate 16 is centrally adhered to the rod 21 with interposition of the elastic means 22, which in Figure 29 consists of a core 92 of soft rubber (hardness 40-80 ° Shore) with a diameter of 2 to 7 mm and a height from 1 to 5 mm, which is surrounded by a rubber ring 93 in cell configuration, with a diameter of 4-12 mm and a thickness of 1-5 mm. The ring 93 is glued on both sides between the plate 16 and a bushing 94, which is welded to a rod 21 without the cover 8, or glued between the plate 16 and a cover 8 normally integrated with the rod 21. The ring 93 serves to increase the adhesion surface of the glue or rubber layers 96 without preventing the required possibility of pivoting or oscillating the plate 16. The core 92 is loosely enclosed between the bushing 94 (or the cover 8) and the plate 16. , or it is glued only to one side, and can be conical or have another shape. The plate 16 is preferably completely flat, but may nevertheless be permanently concave or convex under the influence of the closing force. The elastic means 22 may also take the form of the elements 49 of Figure '12, preferably having a thin intermediate portion. All given dimensions and valves serve as an example and indication of the order of magnitude. The springs that tension the control means are adapted to the compressions necessary for closing the valves, for example, stressed considerably less than usual. The instrument according to the invention is touched here very gently. It is less tired and it is possible to play faster and better. The tension of the springs and of the valves closed in rest position, is preferably low, such that as a result of the hard blowing, these valves are only barely opened by the air pressure that occurs afterwards.; the tension of the springs of the open valves in resting position is preferably low, such that these valves move up and down with barely sufficient velocity to follow the fingers during rapid touch. The spring voltages are chosen at present slightly higher for safety reasons. In Figure 24, the displacement of the valve 15 in the radial direction is prevented by the edge of the bushing 94, which extends to a small distance for example 1 mm from the plate 16. In Figures 25-28 a ring guide 97 is glued on the plate 16 and on the sealing ring 18 which extends outwardly from the plate 16. The guide ring 97 of elastic material, for example foam plastic with a thickness of 0.7-2 mm, preferably from 0.7 to 1.5 mm, it is preferably a little stiffer than the sealing ring 18 and substantially holds the valve 18 in position in the radial direction. The rotation of the valve 15 is prevented as in the other figures by the rubber ring 93 of soft configuration in cells, which is glued on either side by means of a layer of glue 96. The glue or glue layer 96 can not prevent the oscillation or pivoting of the core 92, or is absent in the core 92. A ball-shaped core 92 according to Figure 26, preferably improves the possibility of pivoting or oscillating the valve 15. The ball-shaped core 92 it is for example of solid or Teflon rubber, with hardness in the order of magnitude of 40 or 80 ° Shore at a diameter of 1.5-5 mm. The stiff core ensures a good sensitivity of the finger that requires a small spring movement of the finger in the case of a force of ± 0.25 N during the gentle touch. From 2 to 2.5 N in the case of a quick and strong touch, the spring displacement in the position of the finger keys should not be too large, (order of magnitude 0.5 to 1.5 mm). The spring displacement is the sum of: "0-0.5 mm of compression of the sealing ring 18 at a layer thickness of 0.8-1.25 mm of rubber in cell configuration, 0-0.25 mm of flexion of plate 16 of hardened stainless steel, with a thickness of 0.4 mm or titanium which can even be a little thinner, in any case a plate 16 with a stiffness in this order of magnitude; a small spring displacement of the core 92 in the order of magnitude of 0-0.75 mm, and a small spring displacement of the control system in the case of a plurality of mutually coupled valves The valve 15 can be supplied separately as a repair valve assembly, where the technician measures the internal heights _t of the cover 8 if this is unknown to it, and it selects a ring 93 and a core 92 of roughly equal dimensions R. The rings 93 are preferably provided on both sides with self-adhesive layers which they are covered with removable strips by pull. According to Figures 26 and 27 a thin resonance plate 98 is fixed centrally to the plate 16 via a thin central layer 99 of rubber in cell configuration, or is directly glued on the sealing ring 18. The diameter of the plate resonance 98 is 2-4 mm smaller than opening 4, and is for example mounted according to Figure 27 by means of a spoon 100 which is held against the edge 20 with a stop 101, while said spoon is maintained by its handle 102. Glued to the spoon 100 is a magnet 103 which attracts the steel resonance plate 98, which has already glued on it the layer 99 which has a layer of adhesive on the upper side. The resonance plate 98 is displaced on the magnet 103 to a centered position relative to the opening 4, after which the valve 15 is moved to the opening 4 to be fixed to the resonance plate 98. The spoon with the magnet It is then withdrawn. The aforementioned sealing ring 18 of rubber in cell configuration, with closed cells, can be used to take additional advantage in a bass clarinet and similar instruments, to avoid the problem of "bubble blowing". The valve 15 of Figure 17 has a frustoconical rubber ring 93 in the cell configuration, glued to the plate 16 and glued in the hub 94 with the frustoconical guide edge. The plate 16 can oscillate or pivot on the rounded bottom end of the rubber core 92; solid or Teflon, each 40-80 ° Shore. Figure 28 shows a detail of a wooden musical instrument, for example a clarinet, of which the opening 4 is limited by a concave seat edge 20 for the valve. The valve 15 is constructed in principle as in Figure 26. In order to obtain the required flexibility of the tilting movement of the plate 16, the diameter of the foam rubber rings 22 is between 4 and 15 mm, preferably between 5 and 15 mm. 13 mm, and more preferably between 7 and 11 mm. The internal diameter of said bushing 94 (if present) is slightly (± 1 mm) greater than the outer diameter of the ring 22. The plates 16 are produced in a flat condition by cutting them from flat plates by means of bundles. of laser or by a chemical etching operation in which the metal material is removed in the cutting areas, for example on both sides, during corrosion by means of an acid. According to known chemical etching techniques, the cutting lines are determined by light sensitive films on one or both sides of the metal plates, whose films are treated with light according to a predetermined pattern.

It is noted that, in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is the conventional one for the manufacture of the objects to which it relates. Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following:

Claims

1. A wind instrument comprising a basic body in which extends a central duct bounded by a peripheral wall of the basic body, a plurality of openings in the peripheral wall which connect the duct to the surrounding air, a plurality of valves mounted on the basic body and each comprising a closure member coacting with an opening, and comprising control means connected to said valves, wherein the control means guiding the closure member for movement between a closed position and an open position, in which the opening is left free, the instrument characterized in that the closure member comprises a plate of substantially rigid material which is provided on the side facing the opening, with sealing material and in the closed position engages around the opening, and in that the closure member is connected to the control means by elastic means.

2. The wind instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial displacement of the plate of substantially rigid material is limited by means of a collar of a disc connected to the control means, the collar is facing the opening.

3. The wind instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate of substantially rigid material is connected to the rod of the control means, by means of coupling means of substantially rigid material comprising a coupling element, the means of coupling are fixedly mounted to the rod, being fixedly connected to the rod on one side and to the elastic means on the other side, and extending from the center of the plate in various directions only on a fraction of the radius of the plate, for example up to less than half the radius.

4. The wind instrument according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the force with which the finger touches the key, the elastic means provide the possibility of axial displacement of the closing member with respect to the control means, ensuring the displacement the seal, and the elastic or flexible means preferably comprise elastic material which is accommodated between the closure member on one side and the control means on the other, whose elastic means preferably comprise a layer of foam material which is accommodated between the closing member on one side and the control means on the other.

5. The wind instrument according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure member is supported relative to the control means by means of a central elastic member surrounded by a support member, which preferably consists of a ring of elastic material softer such as foam rubber or foam resin, whose support member allows for tilting of the closure member.

6. The wind instrument according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing member is only connected at its center to the control means.

7. The wind instrument according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing material consists of a thin layer of material in the form of a foam, for example rubber in the configuration of cells, preferably with closed cells.

8. The closing member for a wind instrument according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure member comprises a plate of substantially rigid material which is provided on the side to face the opening, with material of sealing for the tight coupling completely of the opening in the closed position, and in that the closure member is provided with elastic means for fixing to the control means.

9. The closure member for a wind instrument according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure member comprises a plate of substantially rigid material which is provided on the side to face the opening, with sealing material for coupling the opening is sealed completely in the closed position, and in that the sealing material sealing said opening extends around a resonator.