MX2015002237A - Modular construction system for buildings with decorative cladding. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular construction system for buildings with decorative cladding made of natural or artificial stone, for direct use in the construction industry for all kinds of buildings, that offers advances with respect to the known prior art. More specifically, it relates to a novel type of prefab, comprising a set of permanent structural moulds with a decorative cladding, obtained by thermoplastic polymer extrusion and a method involving the application of heat and pressure to the moulds to ensure adhesion of the decorative cladding. The set of permanent structural moulds is characterized in that said moulds have a predefined width, height and geometry, and at the ends they have assembly rails for interlocking assembly, such that the recess of the female rail and the projection of the male rail fit together precisely, and when the set of structural moulds is assembled one after the other a permanent falsework structure is formed for walls with a decorative cladding on the front and rear surfaces thereof, the wall structure having a plurality of interconnecting cavities inside, and concrete or any type of aggregate or any insulating material or a combination of these materials is poured into said cavities.

Description

i MODULAR CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS WITH DECORATIVE COATING FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a modular construction system for buildings with decorative coating of direct application in the construction industry for the construction of all types of buildings with decorative coating, more specifically refers to a set of permanent structural molds for walls with Decorative finish in natural or artificial stones.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Traditionally, there are two methods to build a decorative wall, which are commonly used in the home, educational facilities, commercial and industrial facilities to provide various visual effects, texture and finishes. Such decorative walls may include natural and synthetic stones, molded brick blocks, quarries and the like.

To build a wall with decorative coating, these elements are usually assembled by a bricklayer piece by piece to form a solid wall structure. The other method consists of two stages, the first is to build a wall with concrete blocks and the second is to cover the surface of the wall with sheets, blocks, panels, panels or the like with some type of stone cladding decorative These techniques generally require the application of a very high load in time of construction and labor, in addition they require great experience for their proper installation.

The prefabricated elements are today, referents in any type of construction, since once the buildings are equipped with the main bearing structure, these are complemented with joists, walls, panels, blocks, panels with decorative coatings, sidings boards, doors, windows, louvers, etc.

At present several construction systems have been developed for the construction of walls with some type of decorative stone covering, there are boards, blocks, modules and prefabricated panels with some type of decorative coating.

For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,624,615 discloses the use and method of making modular stone panels, simulating mounted masonry for use in decorative walls, retaining walls, coatings for structures and the like. The modular panels are prefabricated with a substantially smooth face and the other side with decorative stone, these are manufactured by means of rectangular molds, where at the bottom of these are placed decorative stones to later pour sand and concrete to fill the mold, to the panels They can be placed threaded rods as fasteners for mounting and fixing between them and with other structures. When the modular panels are erected, the resulting front wall looks like a masonry wall that was placed stone by stone with mortar. The invention also relates to the formation of corners.

A disadvantage of the modular stone panels of the building system of Daniel R. Sandorff, requires a process to unmold the modular panels, in addition in the process of handling, handling, storage, transportation and assembly of the same, requires an element such as a crane or a hiab for the manipulation of the components of the modular system due to the great weight of these.

U.S. Patent Specification US 7,096,629 B1 discloses a modular system of installation with exterior cladding or overlay with a thin-walled reinforced panel with natural fine stone for use in buildings, the system also includes elements in extruded aluminum, which are fixed to the main supporting structure, to these elements on its back surface are mounted and fixed the thin panels with coating, providing them with a structural support, ease for installation and obtain any desired shape. The family of aluminum extruded elements includes parts for perimeter frames, structural reinforcements, angles for corner supports, lace sleeves, clips for joining with other materials or types of structures.

A disadvantage of the modular system of installation with external coating or overcoating of a thin panel wall reinforced with natural fine stone for use in buildings of the Francis Cox system, to achieve the assembly of a wall facade structure requires the manipulation of a large number of elements and a double wall structure fixed to the supporting structure, where they are first placed and fixed a series of extruded elements in aluminum to later place the thin panels with the coating. First when using a material such as aluminum involves a considerable cost of the wall structure, second when reusing a structure in the panel reinforced with coating implies another additional cost for this structure, in addition to fix the extruded elements in aluminum and panels of coating requires a considerable amount of secondary elements such as screws, nuts, cogs, fixing clips and Silicon. The handling, assembly and fixing of all these components of the system considerably increases the cost and times of construction.

The patent publication US 2009/0151299 A1 discloses a modular system of blocks for natural stone wall and its method of manufacture, where it describes a particular solution for building natural stone walls by means of modular blocks where the surfaces of these are covered with natural stone molded sheets, which are designed, pre-cut and adhered to the blocks according to each construction project before the blocks are installed.

A disadvantage of the modular block system for stone walls of Jun Naganuma, these blocks have to be assembled piece by piece until forming a solid wall structure, this technique generally requires the application of a lot of work, besides that it requires experience for an installation adequate, but with the advantage that these modular blocks have already adhered the natural coating.

The description of the US patent US 2011/0173909 A1 discloses and refers to the manufacture of a modular stone panel, as well as the assembly thereof, for the construction of wall structures with decorative stone for facades and the like. The panels when assembled generally form a board with a plurality of solidly fixed stones in the front wall of the board, which is adapted to be fixed to the supporting structure and provide a stone facade. The stones may comprise natural or synthetic molded stones. The board may comprise sections to provide ventilation to the stones fixed thereto.

A disadvantage of the modular stone panel system, for the assembly of the stone facade structure and the like, requires the manipulation of a large number of elements, where first a panel board or the like is fixed to the supporting structure, for later fix a plurality of stones to the board. To fix these elements requires a considerable amount of elements such as screws, nuts, screws, fixing clips and Silicon. The assembly, handling and fixing of all these components of the system increase costs and building times.

The disclosure of US Pat. No. 5,729,944 discloses a building constructed with extruded thermoplastic structural components, these components include hollow panels, hollow connectors, beams and hollow adapters. For the assembly of the system, the extruded components are continually locked to the edge to form vertical walls and the roof of the building. Each wall structural component is hollow, made of PVC plastic material, with interior and exterior walls spaced, which are connected by means of transverse interlocking, forming internal cells, it appears basically as a panel in which concrete is seen to form exterior and interior wall faces with smooth finish and plastic.

A disadvantage of the Vittorio De Zen system is that the thermoplastic hollow panel is always formed at both ends of its edge for coupling and interlocking with a male element, for the assembly of the system, a connector between panel and panel is always required, without these connectors it is not possible to assemble the panels, besides the final finishing of the surface of the system is always smooth and plastic.

The patent application of Mexico PCT / MX2005 / 000012 with international publication number WO 2005/098158 A1, discloses and describes a panel structure with coupling means, for prefabricated constructions, the rectangular and longitudinally shaped panel structure with internal cavities individual not interconnected, with ease of assembly and coupling with each other, in addition to complementary structural elements such as steel columns that are inserted and coupled only in the cavities formed between the panel structure assemblies against panel structure, in such a way that concrete or some other material is poured into the internal cavities, forming a wall structure with surface and plastic finish for building buildings.

A disadvantage of the panel structure system with coupling means for prefabricated constructions, in its configuration of continuous flat wall structure there is never an internal communication between the assembly of the structure of the panels and their internal cavities, when pouring concrete or some other added in the cavities, I do not know how to get a final continuous monolithic structure, this reduces considerably the structural capabilities of the system, to achieve structural stability the system uses steel columns of non-commercial structural profiles, considerably increasing the costs of manufacturing and the project, in addition to the surface and final finish is always smooth and plastic.

For the foregoing, there is a need in the market for a modular construction system with decorative coatings with prefabricated elements that is more versatile, manageable, easy to assemble and of a smaller scale, for use in the construction industry, for the construction of any type of building, which solves the aforementioned disadvantages and which is functional with respect to existing systems. The present invention aims to provide a solution to this detected vacuum, would be of great relevance in the area of prefabricated materials for the construction industry.

OBJECTIVES The present invention has as its general objective to provide a modular construction system for buildings with decorative coating on natural or artificial stones, which is assembled by a set of modular permanent structural molds in a subsequent manner in a simple manner and quick building.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular construction system with prefabricated permanent structural molds, which, when subsequently assembled together, form a wall structure, where there is internal communication between all the elements, in addition to functioning as a permanent structural form to which concrete or some aggregate will be poured, which will support the weight and expansion of the concrete.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a modular construction system with a set of permanent structural molds that function as the main supporting structure, which can be reinforced according to the needs of the construction project, the structural reinforcement elements are commercial, they will be hidden from the view and can be placed horizontally and vertically.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a modular construction system with a set of structural molds that function as a permanent formwork in which the front and rear surface will have a decorative coating layer.

Another important objective of the present invention is to make available a modular construction system consisting of a set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating that have coupling means that are easy and stable to assemble, eliminating the use of all types of nuts, nuts , screws, studs, bolts, wedges or welding in the assembly process of the construction system.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a modular construction system with a set of thermoplastic molds that function as a falsework permanent with decorative coating, which includes the formation of corners, flat walls, dividing walls and wall crossings.

Another object of the invention is to provide a modular construction system with a set of permanent prefabricated molds with decorative coating, applicable as a model of assisted self-construction where specialized labor is not required.

Another objective of the invention is to make available a modular constructive system with permanent molds for walls with decorative coating with natural or artificial stones, where the processes of handling, handling, storage, transport and assembly are facilitated with a resistant and low weight prefabricated product. molecular.

Another objective of the invention is to make available a modular construction system with permanent molds with decorative coating, where the materials to be used in the manufacture of the molds are high-strength thermoplastic polymers and in the decorative coating layer natural or artificial fine stones, obtaining a thermoacoustic constructive system that minimizes the energetic consumption.

Another objective of the invention is to make available a modular constructive system with permanent molds with decorative coating, involving its large-scale production, by means of a thermoplastic extrusion process to produce a set of thermoplastic molds and to adhere to its previous surface and later of these a thin layer of decorative coating by means of a process of simultaneous temperature and compression.

Finally another objective of the invention is to make available a modular constructive system of permanent molds with decorative coating, where the elements of the system are prefabricated, can be sectioned and adapted according to the needs of each construction project.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention, as it has been exposed in the field of invention, refers to a construction system for buildings with decorative coating on natural or artificial stones, a new type of prefabrication, which is formed by a set of permanent structural molds, Easy and quick building.

The new type of prefabricated material consists of a set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating, which are manufactured on a large scale in an industrialized way by means of a thermoplastic extrusion process, for the production of these a mixture of vinyl polymers is used. , for later to the already formed molds in its previous and later surface to adhere a layer of decorative coating by means of a process with temperature, an adhesive and pressure exerted on the surfaces.

The constructive system for buildings with decorative coating basically composed of set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating, which according to the needs of the market and with the condition that these are of adequate molecular weight so that they can be transported and handled on site with ease; which are intended to form a permanent wall structure to which concrete will be poured, some aggregate or insulation to give shape to flat walls, dividing walls, wall crossings and corners for the construction of all types of buildings.

The set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating characterized by comprising width, height and defined geometry, of substantially rectangular shape, with a plurality of internal reinforcement ribs, which together with the width of the rectangular section have longitudinally distributed sectional area cut out In addition, at the ends in strategic form they have tongue and groove type assembly rails, in such a way that the groove of the female rail and the protrusion of the male rail are fitted exactly, thus allowing a subsequent and continuous assembly of the set of molds to form a permanent wall structure with decorative coating on its front and back surface, with a plurality of internal cavities communicated with each other, in which concrete or some type of aggregate is seen, it is also conceived to use some insulating material such as injected polyurethane foam (PU) or expanded polystyrene (EPS ), considerably increasing the thermoacoustic properties, being able to combine the aggregates with the insulating materials in the internal cavities. The possibility of using vertical and horizontal structural reinforcement elements has also been foreseen, thus improving the structural characteristics of the construction system for buildings with decorative cladding.

The wall structural arrangements with decorative coating that constitute the formation of the property, can be blind, can include openings for sunsets, for windows, for air conditioning, in addition in the internal cavities communicated with each other they can lodge in a hidden way the electric installations , data facilities, hydraulic installations, sanitary installations, in general they can accommodate any type of installation in a hidden way.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 schematically represents the perspective view of the configuration of a flat permanent structural mold with decorative coating and its tongue and groove type joining means, which is to generate a flat wall structural arrangement.

Figure 2 schematically represents the top view of the configuration of a flat permanent structural mold with decorative coating and tongue and groove type joining means of the figure. 1 Figure 3 schematically represents a perspective view of a permanent structural mold to generate corners with decorative coating and tongue and groove type joining means to generate a structural wall arrangement with corners.

Figure 4 schematically represents the perspective view of a permanent structural mold to generate dividing walls with decorative coating and tongue and groove type joining means to generate a structural partition wall arrangement.

Figure 5 schematically represents the perspective view of a permanent structural mold to generate wall crossing with decorative cladding and tongue-and-groove type joining means to generate a structural wall arrangement with wall crossing.

Figure 6 schematically represents the perspective view of an assembly section portion with permanent structural molds with decorative coating of Figure 1 to generate a continuous flat wall structure with decorative coating, with partially enlarged details illustrating the tongue and groove type assembly, where the shape of the groove of the female-type rail and the protrusion of the male-type rail are fitted exactly, allowing a subsequent and continuous assembly between the set of molds.

Figure 7 schematically represents the perspective view of an assembly portion which comprises flat molds, corner forming molds, cross molds and dividing molds with decorative coating with partially enlarged details illustrating the tongue and groove type assembly, where the shape of the The groove of the female type rail and the protrusion of the male type rail are fitted exactly, allowing a subsequent and continuous assembly between the set of molds.

Figure 8 schematically represents the perspective view of an assembly section portion of the building system for buildings with decorative coating which comprises an arrangement of the set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating, structural reinforcement elements of the vertical and horizontal shape with concrete poured into the cavities.

Figure 9 schematically represents the perspective view of an assembly section portion of the building system for buildings with decorative coating which comprises an arrangement of the set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating, thermoacoustic insulation elements, structural reinforcement elements of the Vertical and horizontal form with concrete poured into the cavities.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment with the modular construction system for buildings with decorative coating, schematically shows the application, versatility and configuration of the set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating on the facade of a building that it is constructed using the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The characteristic details of the construction system for buildings with decorative coating, are shown in the following description and in the accompanying illustrative drawings, the same serving as reference signs to indicate the same parts.

With reference to Figure 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 show a set of permanent structural molds with decorative coating, first by flat mold components 10, components for dividing walls 20, components for crossing walls 30 and components to form corners 40, characterized by 5 comprising width 11, height 12, defined geometry, of substantially rectangular shape with front and rear wall which have a thin layer of decorative coating 13, a plurality of internal reinforcement ribs 14, these ribs together with the section lengthwise of the width 12 of the mold have longitudinally distributed cut-out cores 15, forming a plurality of internal cavities 16 communicated with each other, also having at their ends of the mold strategically shaped joining means of the tongue and groove type 17, in such a way that the slit of the rail of the female type 18 and the projection of the rail of the male type 19 are fitted with accuracy, allowing a subsequent and continuous assembly between the molds. fifteen With reference to figure 6 shows an assembly with a flat wall structural arrangement formed by three components of flat molds 10, for the assembly the slit of the female rail 18 and the protrusion of the male rail 19 are fitted exactly, allowing an assembly of the type tongue and groove 17, easily, 20 stable, subsequent, continuous and quickly. Shaping a uniform and permanent wall structure with decorative finish 13, internal cavities 16, communicated by means of cut-out cores 15.

Referring to Figure 7, it shows an assembly with a wall structural arrangement formed by flat mold components 10, mold components for forming corners, mold components for forming dividing walls and crossing walls; for the subsequent assembly of the components the recess of the rail of female type 18 and the protrusion of the male type rail 19 are fitted exactly, allowing an assembly of tongue and groove type 17, easily, stable, quickly and subsequently, forming a uniform and permanent wall structure with decorative finish 13, internal cavities 16, communicated by means of 5 cut-off cores 15.

With reference to figures 8, 9 and 10 shows an assembly with a structural wall arrangement consisting of a set of permanent structural molds with decorative finish; for the subsequent assembly of the components the slit of the female-type rail 18 and the protrusion of the male-type rail 19 are fitted exactly, allowing an assembly of the tongue-and-groove type 7, in an easy, stable, fast and subsequent manner, forming a a uniform and permanent wall structure with decorative finish 13, internal cavities 16, communicated by means of cut-out cores 15, reinforcing it with structural elements 19 21 being able to be placed vertically and horizontally, to subsequently pour concrete 23. In addition it is also conceived to fill the internal cavities 16 with thermoacoustic insulating materials 22, it is also conceived the possibility of combining the insulating materials 22 and pouring concrete 23 simultaneously. twenty 25

Claims (4)

CLAIMS This invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, including the best respective mode for the embodiment. The illustrations are by way of example and not as a limitation, it is considered as a novelty, and therefore the content of the following claims is claimed as property:

1. A modular construction system for buildings with decorative coating characterized by comprising permanent lost molds, simulating a decorative coating, which when coupled and assembled generally form a wall structure with hollow cavities communicated with each other, on its front and back surface with a plurality of solidly adhered natural or artificial stones, the placement of structural reinforcement rods arranged horizontally and vertically in the hollow cavities is foreseen, where fresh concrete is emptied which, when set, will form the walls of the building to be built, with the permanent molds being lost. of the wall and the main bearing structure of the building.

2. That according to claim 1, a prefabricated construction system based on permanent hollow structural molds simulating decorative coating on natural or artificial stones, solidly and uniformly adhered to the front and rear wall thereof, which when assembled and cast with concrete integrate a solid and monolithic wall structure as the main supporting structure of the building, it is expected that the permanent prefabricated hollow molds can be manufactured according to the needs and design of the construction project, the prefabricated structural molds are of low molecular weight, can be Section, cut and stack compactly facilitating storage, handling and transport.

3. That according to claim 1, a prefabricated modular construction system for buildings with decorative coating characterized by comprising a set of permanent hollow molds lost simulating a decorative finish on its front and back surface, when assembling the components against each other quickly and simple with its means of tongue and groove crimping, where the longitudinal protrusion of the male element is fitted exactly in the longitudinal groove of the female element, the permanent hollow molds are displaced one by one longitudinally and subsequently in a single piece that goes from the floor to the roof to erect a hollow wall structure mounted, for use in decorative walls, retaining walls, coatings for structures and the like, to subsequently pour fresh concrete into the internal cavities, the resulting wall has the appearance of a decorative wall that was placed by a process c onstructive of the traditional type. It is contemplated substantially in the final wall that the front surface can be smooth and the rear surface has a simulated decorative finish.

4. A constructive system characterized by comprising a set of permanent hollow molds prefabricated by means of a thermoplastic extrusion process, of the type configured from a reinforced hollow rectangular section, simulating a decorative finish solidly adhered on its front and back surfaces, ready to be assembled each other continuously without requiring any tool, the placement of steel reinforcements fixed to the ground and passing through the internal cavities of the prefabricated mold, which is moved in a piece of section U, which is fixed to said floor by means of conventional systems, leaving a plurality of cavities between the prefabricated molds prepared to pour in them some binder or fresh concrete and simultaneously providing a decorative finish on the surfaces of the prefabricated building system for all types of buildings of quick and easy building.