MX2013006084A

MX2013006084A - Multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form.

Info

Publication number: MX2013006084A
Application number: MX2013006084A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Jose Canto Rincon
Original assignee: Jose Canto Rincon
Priority date: 2013-05-30
Filing date: 2013-05-30
Publication date: 2014-10-03
Also published as: BR112015030014A2; CU24552B1; CU20150166A7; BR112015030014B1; WO2014193212A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form, for protecting embankments, river banks and the like, and a mould for producing said concrete blocks in polypod form. The multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form for protecting embankments is characterised in that it is arranged on embankments having various configurations and in that it provides high stability coefficients, according to the shape, weight and functions of each concrete block in polypod form. The multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form for preventing erosion in river banks is also characterised in that it is formed by the same concrete blocks in polypod form of the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form for protecting embankments, with specific functions. Both the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form for protecting embankments and the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in polypod form for preven ting river bank erosion can have a polymer coating that covers the entire surface of each concrete block in polypod form. Said polymer coating has the following functions: to increase the durability of the concrete block in polypod form in a marine environment; and to give the surface of the concrete block in polypod form a neutral pH, providing a place where food chains can start from the plant and animal population thereof. This promotes the start of plant and animal food chains.

Description

MULTIFUNCTIONAL SYSTEM OF CONCRETE BLOCKS OF FORM OF POLYPOD TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is referred to the technical field of the preformed blocks for hydraulic engineering applications, specifically it is referred to a multifunctional system of concrete blocks of polypode form, to protect slopes, riverbanks, and similar applications, and a mold for the elaboration of such concrete blocks in the form of a polypode. The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes is characterized by being arranged on slopes with different configurations and giving high kd stability coefficients, where the preferred configuration is the mono-layer. The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks, is also characterized by being formed by the same polypode-shaped concrete blocks of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes , with specific functions.

STATE OF THE ART The appearance of preformed blocks of the Polypod type, for more than sixty years, tried to solve the problem of preformed blocks used massively. The stability coefficient Kd was increased by including forms that allowed it to lock in better with each other, either arranged in a regular or random way. The first most popular breakwater of this type to be used in the world was the Tetrapod (1950) due to its greater effectiveness compared to existing ones, such as Cubes. Then, new Polypod breakwaters would appear, which tried to improve their marine performance. With all of them, systems could be integrated Multifunctional preformed polypod blocks to protect marine slopes.

The preformed polypod blocks that have been most successful worldwide are the following: the Accropode in 1979, according to the Spanish patent ES488536; the Accropode in 1989, according to the French patent FR2647135; the AJacks, in 1991, according to the Spanish patent ES21 18773; the Accropode in 1995, according to the French patent FR2734292; the Dolos in 1995, according to the American patent US5441362; the Ecopode in 1996, according to the Mexican patent MX9703058; the Dolos in 1997, according to the American patent US5620280; the Accropode II, in 1999, according to the Spanish patent ES2190405; the Xbloc in 2002, according to the Mexican patent MXPA05000975; the Core-Loc II in 2005, according to the American patent US7976763; the Cubipod in 2005, according to the Spanish patent ES2264906 .; the A-Jacks in 2007, according to the Mexican patent MX-2009009426; and, the Cubipod in 2007, according to the Mexican patent MX2010002575.

The preformed Accropode, Ecopode and efe Acropode II blocks, according to the Spanish patents ES488536 and ES2190405, French FR2647135 and FR2734292, and Mexican MX9703058, are six-point polypods or legs, composed of two anvil-shaped parts joined in a central section, where from each anvil two extreme points are detached, to form a kind of "X", from which two points emerge in a normal direction from the center of their front faces of the main block. Some of its edges are chamfered at 45 °. Its design is based on the fact that the vertices of its extreme tips and their central polyhedrons are inscribed and coincide in the virtual outer planes of a cube, where the length of its base "D" and the length of its height "H" are same. Its performance reaches high values of the stability coefficient, with values that reach 16, for slopes of low slope, but that with the increase with high slopes, its coefficient of stability decreases drastically, to values of 8 to 10. The Ecopode is a rugged version of the Acropode and Acropode II, based on the Mexican patent MX9703058 that refers to the rough surface of any preformed block, based on protuberances and notches; however, this roughness does not provide any advantage in the stability coefficient / ¾.

The Xbloc preformed blocks, according to the Mexican patent MXPA05000975, are also a six-point polypode, with a spatial arrangement similar to the preformed Ecopode and Acropode II blocks. The preformed blocks Xbloc have in the same plane an "X" with four points, which are narrower than those of the blocks Ecopode and Acropode II. They also have a cubic polyhedron, arranged one each in a normal way on each of the faces of the "X" plane. All edges of this preformed block have right angles. In the same way as the preformed Ecopode and Acropode II blocks, their base dimensions "D" and height "are identical, that is, they are inscribed in a virtual cube, their performance is similar to that achieved by the Acropode II preformed blocks, with the advantage that when using preformed blocks of equal D and H that the Acropode II, use a smaller volume of preformed block to achieve the same performance in coefficient of stability kd.

The A-Jacks preformed blocks, according to the Spanish patents ES21 18773 and the Mexican patent MX-2009009426, and commercial information from the company that markets these preformed blocks, are preferably applied on the riverside, to prevent erosion, and in lesser measures are applied for the protection of slopes. Its design is also a six-point polypod, where these are identical, and which start from a rectangular polyhedral core. In the same way as the previous ones, the length of its base "D" and its height "H" is identical, so that this preformed block can be inscribed in a virtual cube. Its tips are the longest compared to those presented by the blocks Ecopode, Acropode II, and Xbloc. His patents show that all its edges are straight.

Based on the analysis of the preformed blocks so far patented and that have been shown to have the best performance, the need to improve the performance of this type of preformed polypode type blocks. The main problem detected is that no preformed block has yet been designed or developed that achieves high stability coefficients f and keeps them relatively high by increasing the slope of the slopes they protect, without increasing their weight. And on the other hand, the need to improve efficiency is detected when applied on river banks to prevent and better control the erosion suffered by the passage of river currents, with high speed and turbulent flow.

The present invention solves these problems by designing, developing and producing a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks, to protect slopes, riverbanks, and similar applications, and a mold for the production of such concrete blocks in a manner of polyepod, with notable differences in performance.

For example, it was possible to achieve values of stability coefficients Kd greater than the best preformed blocks hitherto patented and existing in the world market. Its design was based on increasing the height ratio "H" with the base "D", which breaks an inertia of more than thirty years, of developing preformed blocks where "H" and "D" are identical. This causes the support angle to be reduced, which lowers the center of gravity of the preformed block, and gives it a significant increase in its stability coefficient ¾ and to maintain it by increasing the slope of the slope. In addition, its 45 ° chamfered edges contribute significantly to maintain its high performance. Its geometrical proportions allow to use a smaller volume of concrete than preformed blocks with similar performances.

Two multifunctional systems of concrete blocks of the polypode type were also developed, one for the protection of slopes, and the other for the protection of riverbanks, with surfaces covered by a polymeric coating. This makes the pH of this surface neutral, which encourages species marinas are deposited and food chains are initiated, which helps the restoration of the marine environment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is related to a multifunctional system of concrete blocks of polypode shape (1), to protect slopes, riverbanks, and similar applications, and a mold (2) for the production of such concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (11).

The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) is characterized by being arranged on slopes with different configurations and giving high kd stability coefficients, where the preferred configuration is the mono-layer. The high values of stability coefficient kd are reached by the shape, weight and functions of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1). Table 1 describes examples of the performance of the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1), in laboratory tests.

Table 1. Performance examples of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks.

Volume Pending Size Coefficient (m3) Stability of the slope wave d (m) (base: height) 2. 37 18 5 2.00: 1 3. 34 17 5 | 1.50: 1 4. 01 16 5 1.33: 1 The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion in river banks (1 R), is also characterized by being formed by the same polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1 1) of the system multifunctional concrete block polypode shape to protect slopes (1T), with specific functions.

Both the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) and the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks (1 R), can have a polymer coating (RP) ) that covers the entire surface (S) of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1). This polymeric coating (RP) has the following functions: to increase the durability of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) in a marine environment; and, give neutral pH to the surface (S). of the polypode-shaped concrete block (11); providing a place where food chains can be started from their plant and animal population. This encourages the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains. Therefore, two multifunctional systems of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1) have been developed, namely a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes and promote the initiation of plant and animal food chains (1). ?) and a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), with common and specific functions.

Each concrete block of polypode shape (11) is characterized as being composed of the following functional parts: a flat block (12), two truncated square pyramids (123) and chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1A).

The flat block (12) is composed of a square block (121) and four square tips terminated in 90 ° angular form (122), which start from each corner of the square block (121 E).

The flat block (12) is characterized in that it has a thickness of 0.39 H, where H is the length that exists between the planes formed by the upper face of the truncated square pyramid (123S).

The square block (121) is characterized as having a side of 0.61 D, where D is the length between the vertices of two square points terminated in angular form at 90 ° (122) contiguous.

The length H is characterized as being greater than the length D, and where the length D can vary from 0.6 to 1.0 times the distance H.

The flat block (12) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) and the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes and promote the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 ?), has the following functions: to confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1); dissipate the greater amount of energy from the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1).

The flat block (12) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks (IR) and the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks and promote the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), has the following functions: to confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11); and, to considerably reduce the speed of the river current when passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polyepod (1).

The two truncated square pyramids (123), which also form an integral part of the polypode-shaped concrete block (11), are arranged on the front faces of the square block (121 F). The truncated square pyramids (123) are characterized by having a height of 0.305 H, a base of 0.305 H sideways, and an upper face of 0.20 H sideways.

The two truncated square pyramids (123) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) and the system Multifunctional polypode shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes and promote the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1Trp) have the following functions: to be supported on the slope, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block in the form of a polyp (11) when placed on the slope, which provides great stability against the onslaught of the waves; contribute to dissipate the energy of the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1); being support for other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); and, to promote the interlocking with other concrete blocks in the form of polypode (11) contiguous, and to be able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1).

The two truncated square pyramids (123) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks (1R) and the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks and encourage the initiation of plant and animal food chains (1 Rrp), have the following functions: be support on the river bank, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block in the form of polyepod (11) when placed on the river bank, which provides great stability to the flow of water from the river on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1); help to reduce the speed of the river current by passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); to support other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1), and to be able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); and, promoting the interlocking with other concrete blocks of contiguous polypode shape (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1).

The chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1 A) are located at the junction of the planes of the front face of the flat block (12F) with the planes of the side faces of the flat block (12L), and at the junction of the planes of two lateral faces of the truncated square pyramids (123L) contiguous.

The chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1A) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) and the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes and promote the initiation of vegetable food chains and animals (1Tr) have the following functions: to considerably reduce the turbulent flow of water that occurs when the waves fall on each block of concrete in the form of a polypode (11); and, to be a point of support for each concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) on the slope.

The chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1A) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks (1 R) and the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion in riverbanks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), have the following functions: promote a laminar flow of the river that passes over each concrete block in the form of a polyepod (1 1); and, being a point of support for each concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) on the river bank.

The polymeric coating (RP) that covers the entire surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1), of the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode to prevent erosion in riverbanks (1 R) and promote the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains, is characterized by having recycled polymers, preferably polystyrenes, in its composition. The polymeric coating (RP) has the following functions: to increase the durability of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) in a marine environment; and, giving a neutral pH to the surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11); providing a place where food chains can be started from their plant and animal population.

Finally, the mold (2) for producing the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) is characterized by being composed of two metal walls (21) which are joined to form a cavity with the external shape of the concrete block in the shape of polyepod (1 1) with an opening in its upper part that allows the casting, vibration and setting of the concrete; where these metal walls also allow an easy and safe demolding of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The following figures illustrate the preferred embodiment of the present invention, incorporate part of the specifications, and together with the description, serve to explain its operating principles.

Figure 1 shows a polypode-shaped concrete block (11), its two truncated square pyramids (123), its square block (121), its four square points terminated in 90 ° angular form (122), and its edges chamfered at 45 ° (1 1A); Figure 2 corresponds to a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1), in its multiple functions: a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T), a multifunctional system of concrete blocks of polypod form to avoid erosion on riverbanks (1 R), a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1Trp) and a multifunctional block system Polypode-shaped concrete to prevent erosion on river banks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp); Figure 3 shows how a polypode-shaped concrete block (11) rests on the bank or river bank on one of its truncated square pyramids (123), observing in addition its square tips terminated in angular form at 90 ° (122). ), and their angles chamfered at 45 ° (11A) Figure 4 corresponds to the top view of a polypode-shaped concrete block (11), where the flat block (12) composed of a square block (121), with its corners of the square block (21E) and faces fronts of the square block (121F); the lateral faces of the truncated square pyramids (123L) and the upper face of the truncated square pyramid (123S); In addition, the length of the distance D is marked; Figure 5 shows a side view of a polypode-shaped concrete block (11), where the square tips terminated in 90 ° angular form (122), and the truncated square pyramids (123) with their side faces are observed of the truncated square pyramids (123L) and their upper faces of truncated square pyramid (123S); In addition, the surface S and the polymeric coating RP are shown, as well as the height H of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11); Figure 6 corresponds to an isometric view of the armed mold (2) and the two metal walls (21) that comprise it; Y, Figure 7 shows the view of a metal wall (21).

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The preferred embodiment of the present invention consists of a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks for protecting slopes (1T), a multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks for avoid erosion on riverbanks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (lR, p), and of a mold (2) for the production of such concrete blocks in the form of a polyepod (1).

The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) is characterized by being arranged on slopes in a mono-layer configuration and giving kd stability coefficients with a value of 18 for a slope slope of 2: 1, a value of 17 for a slope slope of 1.5: 1 and a value of 16 for a slope slope of 1.33: 1, where these values depend on the height of the wave. The high values of stability coefficient kd are reached by the shape, weight and functions of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (11).

The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1Rrp), is also characterized by being formed by the same polypode-shaped concrete blocks ( 11) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T), however, some of their functions are specific.

Each polypode-shaped concrete block (11) is characterized as being composed of the following functional parts: a flat block (12), two truncated square pyramids (123) and chamfered edges at 45 ° (11A).

The flat block (12) is characterized in that it has a thickness of 0.39 H, where H is the length that exists between the planes formed by the upper face truncated square pyramid (123S).

The distance length H is characterized as being greater than the length D, and where the length D can vary from 0.6 to 1.0 times the distance H.

The flat block (12) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1 T) has the following functions: to confer the greater part of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11); dissipate the greater amount of energy from the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1).

The flat block (12) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), has the following functions: confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of polyepod (1 1); and, to considerably reduce the speed of the river cnt when passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polyepod (1).

The two truncated square pyramids (123) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) have the following functions: to be supported on the slope, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block in the form of a polypode (1) when placed on the slope, which provides great stability against the onslaught of the waves; contribute to dissipate the energy of the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of blocks Polypode shaped concrete (1); being support for other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); and, to promote the interlocking with other concrete blocks in the form of polypode (11) contiguous, and to be able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1).

The two truncated square pyramids (123) of the multifunctional system of polypod-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on riverbanks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), have the following functions: the bank of the river, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block in the form of polyepod (11) to be placed on the river bank, which provides great stability to the passage of water flow of the river on the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); help to reduce the speed of the river current by passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); supporting other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); and, to promote the interlocking with other concrete blocks in the form of polypode (11) contiguous, and to be able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1).

The chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1A) are located at the junction of the planes of the front face of the flat block (12F) with the planes of the side faces of the flat block (12L), and at the junction of the planes of two lateral faces of the truncated square pyramids (123L) contiguous.

The chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1 A) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T) have the following functions: to considerably reduce the turbulent flow of water that occurs when waves fall on each block Polypode-shaped concrete (11); and, be the point of support of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1) on the slope.

The chamfered edges at 45 ° (1 1A) of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks and encourage the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), have the following functions: a laminar flow of the river that passes over each concrete block in the form of a polyepod (1 1); and, being a point of support for each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1) on the river bank.

The polymeric coating (RP) that covers the entire surface (S) of the polypode-shaped concrete block (11), of the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks (1 R) and promote the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains, is characterized by having recycled polymers, preferably polystyrenes. The polymeric coating (RP) has the following functions: to increase the durability of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) in a marine environment; and, giving a neutral pH to the surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11); providing a place where food chains can be started from their plant and animal population.

Claims

1. A multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes (1T), and similar applications, is characterized by developing high kd stability coefficients, and to stay that way, even if the slope of the slope increases; where the high values of stability coefficient kd are reached by the shape, weight and functions of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1); wherein each concrete block of polyepod shape (11) is characterized as being composed of the following functional parts: to. a flat block (12) composed of a square block (121) and four square points terminated in 90 ° angular form (122), which start from each corner of the square block (121 E); where this flat block (12) has the following functions: i. confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11); Y, ii. dissipate the greater amount of energy from the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); b. two truncated square pyramids (123) which also form an integral part of the polypode-shaped concrete block (11), are arranged on the front faces of the square block (121 F); where these truncated square pyramids (123) have the following functions: i. be support on the slope, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block of polipopode shape (1 1) when placed on the slope, which provides great stability to the onslaught of the waves; ii. contribute to dissipate the energy of the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1); iii. support of other concrete blocks in contiguous polypode shape (1), and be able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); Y, V. promoting the interlocking with other concrete blocks of adjacent polypode shape (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); c. 45 ° chamfered edges (11 A) are located at the junction of the planes of the front face of the flat block (12F) with the planes of the side faces of the flat block (12L), and at the junction of the planes of two lateral faces of the truncated square pyramids (123L) contiguous; where these edges are chamfered at 45 ° (1 1 A), they have the following functions: i. considerably reduce the turbulent flow of water that occurs when the waves fall on each block of concrete in the form of a polypode (11); Y, ii. To be the point of support of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) on the slope.

A multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to protect slopes and promote the initiation of plant and animal food chains (1? F), and similar applications, is characterized by developing high kd stability coefficients, and to remain so, although the Slope slope increase, and encourage the initiation of plant and animal food chains; where the high values of stability coefficient kd are reached by the shape, weight and functions of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1); wherein each concrete block of polyepod shape (11) is characterized as being composed of the following functional parts: to. a flat block (12) composed of a square block (121) and four square points terminated in an angular 90 ° (122), which start from each corner of the square block (121 E); where this flat block (12) has the following functions: i. confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11); ii. dissipate the greater amount of energy from the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); two truncated square pyramids (123) which also form an integral part of the polypode-shaped concrete block (11), each truncated square pyramid (123) disposed on the front faces of the square block (121 F); where these truncated square pyramids (123) have the following functions: i. be support on the slope, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block in the form of polyepod (11) to be placed on the slope, which provides great stability to the onslaught of the waves; ii. contribute to dissipate the energy of the waves when they fall on the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of polyepod (1); Ii. supporting other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); Y, iv. promoting the interlocking with other concrete blocks of adjacent polypode shape (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); 45 ° chamfered edges (11 A) are located at the junction of the planes of the front faces of the flat block (12F) with the planes of the side faces of the flat block (12L) ', and at the junction of the planes of two lateral faces of the truncated square pyramids (123L) contiguous; where these edges are chamfered at 45 ° (11A), has the following function: i. considerably reduce the turbulent flow of water that occurs when the waves fall on each block of concrete in the form of a polypode (11); Y, ii. To be the point of support of each concrete block in the form of a polypode (11) on the slope. d. a polymeric coating (RP) that covers the entire surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1), which has the following functions: iii. increase the durability of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (1 1) in a marine environment; Y, iv. give neutral pH to the surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11); providing a place where food chains can be started from their plant and animal population.

A multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion in riverbanks (1 R) is characterized by being formed by a block of concrete in the form of a polyepod (1 1); wherein each concrete block of polyepod shape (11) is characterized as being composed of the following functional parts: to. a flat block (12) composed of a square block (121) and four square points terminated in 90 ° angular form (122), which start from each corner of the square block (121 E); where this flat block (12) has the following functions: i. confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11); ii. considerably reduce the speed of the river current by passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (11); b. two truncated square pyramids (123) which also form an integral part of the polypode-shaped concrete block (11), each truncated square pyramid (123) disposed on the front faces of the square block (121 F); where these truncated square pyramids (123) have the following functions: i. be support on the river bank, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block of polipopode shape (1 1) when placed on the bank of the river, which provides great stability to the flow of water from the river on the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); ii. help to reduce the speed of the river current by passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); iii. supporting other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); Y, iv. to promote the interlocking with other concrete blocks of adjacent polypode shape (11), and to be able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); c. 45 ° chamfered edges (11 A) are located at the junction of the planes of the front face of the flat block (12F) with the planes of the side faces of the flat block (12L), and at the junction of the planes of two lateral faces of the truncated square pyramids (123L) contiguous; where these edges are chamfered at 45 ° (1 1A), they have the following functions: i. promote a laminar flow of the river that passes over each block of concrete in the form of a polyepod (11); Y, ii. to be a point of support for each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1) on the river bank.

4. A multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks to prevent erosion on river banks and promote the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains (1 Rrp), is characterized by being made of a polypode-shaped concrete block (11) and for encouraging the initiation of vegetable and animal food chains; wherein each concrete block of polyepod shape (11) is characterized as being composed of the following functional parts: to. a flat block (12) composed of a square block (121) and four square points terminated in 90 ° angular form (122), which start from each corner of the square block (121 E); where this flat block (12) has the following functions: i. confer most of the weight to the concrete block in the form of a polypode (11); Y, ii. significantly reduce the speed of the river current by passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (11); b. two truncated square pyramids (123) that also form an integral part of the polyolepod-shaped concrete block (11), each truncated square pyramid (123) disposed on the front faces of the square block (121 F); where these truncated square pyramids (123) have the following functions: i. be support on the river bank, giving a low center of gravity to the concrete block of polipopode shape (1 1) when placed on the bank of the river, which provides great stability to the flow of water from the river on the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); ii. help to reduce the speed of the river current by passing over the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); iii. being support for other adjacent polypode-shaped concrete blocks (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1); Y, iv. promoting the interlocking with other concrete blocks of adjacent polypode shape (11), and being able to form the multifunctional system of concrete blocks in the form of a polypode (1); c. 45 ° chamfered edges (11A) are located at the junction of the planes of the front faces of the flat block (12F) with the planes of the side faces of the flat block (12L), and at the junction of the two-sided planes laterals of the truncated square pyramids (123L) contiguous; where these edges are chamfered at 45 ° (11A), has the following function: i. promote a laminar flow of the river that passes over each block of concrete in the form of a polyepod (11); Y, I. to be a point of support for each concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1) on the river bank. d. a polymeric coating (RP) that covers the entire surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polypode (1 1), which has the following functions: i. increase the durability of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (1 1) in a marine environment; Y, ii. give neutral pH to the surface (S) of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11); providing a place where food chains can be started from their plant and animal population.

The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1) according to claims 1 and 2 are characterized by being arranged on slopes in a mono-layer configuration and giving stability coefficients kd with a value of 18 for a slope slope of 2: 1, a value of 17 for a slope slope of 1.5: 1 and a value of 16 for a slope slope of 1.33: 1, where these values depend on the height of the wave.

6. The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1) according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, wherein the flat block (12) is characterized as having a thickness of 0.39 H, where H is the length that exists between the planes formed by the upper face of truncated square pyramid (123S).

7. The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1) according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, where the square block (121) is characterized by having a side of 0.61 D, where D is the length between the vertices of two square points terminated in angular form at 90 ° (122) contiguous.

8. The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1) according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, where the truncated square pyramids (123) are characterized to have a height of 0.305 H, a base of 0.305 H on the side, and an upper side of 0.20 H on the side.

9. The multifunctional polypode-shaped concrete block system (1) according to claims 6, 7 and 8, wherein the distance length H is characterized as being greater than the length D, and where the length D can vary from 0.6 to 1.0 times the distance H.

10. The multifunctional system of polypode-shaped concrete blocks (1) according to claims 2 and 4, wherein the polymeric coating (RP) is characterized as having recycled polymers, preferably polystyrenes, in its composition.

11. A mold (2) for producing the polyolepod-shaped concrete block (11) described in claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that it is composed of two metal walls (21) that are joined to form a cavity with the exterior shape of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11) with an opening in its upper part that allows the emptying, vibration and setting of the concrete; where these metal walls also allow an easy and safe demolding of the concrete block in the form of a polyepod (11).