KR102194036B1 - Wave dissipating block and oceaninc structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wave dissipating block which has an excellent wave dissipating effect, can be mounted in various methods, and has an excellent interlocking function, and to a marine structure using the same. The wave dissipating block of the present invention comprises: a central body (10) substantially having a shape of a regular tetrahedron (11); and four angular units (20) including vertices (111) of the regular tetrahedron (11) and extending in an outward direction from a volumetric center (13) of the regular tetrahedron (11). Each of the angular units (20) has a cross-sectional area gradually increasing from a centripetal end portion (31) toward a centrifugal end portion (33). The central body (10) has a protrusion (15) protruding outward in a centrifugal direction from a surface (117) of the regular tetrahedron (11) of the central body (10). A side surface of each of the angular units (20) has a plurality of planar triangles, the protrusion (15) further protrudes from an area center (119) of the surface (117) toward a side (113), and the protrusion (15) near the side has a concave depression (16) extending in the direction perpendicular to the side.

Description

Sofa block, marine structure using it {WAVE DISSIPATING BLOCK AND OCEANINC STRUCTURE USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a sofa block, and more particularly, to a sofa block having an excellent sofa effect, mountable in various ways, and an excellent interlocking function, and an offshore structure using the same.

The sofa block is installed in a place that receives large waves from a breakwater or revetment for the purpose of dispersing or dissipating the energy of the wave and reducing the reflected wave, and it refers mainly to a block made of concrete. The sofa block should have sufficient stability against wave power, etc., should have sufficient structural strength against external force or its own weight, should be easy to lift and construct, and should be able to obtain an appropriate porosity when stacked to reduce wave energy, etc. The requirements of are required.

Representative sofa blocks include "Tetrapod (TTP)" and "Dolos". The tetrapod is a sofa block in which four horn-shaped legs are arranged radially, and the Dolos is a sofa block in which legs are arranged vertically or horizontally at both ends of a body having a certain length.

The tetrapod is covered with a single layer or a double layer on the slope of the breakwater, or when a coastal erosion structure such as a submerged material is constructed, a plurality of tetrapods are densely formed to form a single structure. Breakwaters or river floors formed by laminating tetrapods disperse or dissipate wave energy due to the interstitial space between adjacent tetrapods, the uneven shape of the tetrapod itself, and their interlocking.

There are two-layered and non-removable types for mounting sofa blocks, and two-layered types include upright and inclined coating types, and the bulky type includes an upright shear surface covering type and inclined shear surface covering. There is a format.

Difficulty type is easy to implement porosity and is easy to install, so it has good constructability, but to the general public, it is not good because it is seen as a huge concrete structure piled up messy.

On the other hand, the two-story covering type is advantageous in that the sofa blocks are arranged in an orderly manner so that even if the sofa blocks, which is a huge concrete structure, are arranged, it is advantageous in that it does not spoil the surrounding beauty. There is a problem that construction is difficult in that it must be adjusted to the (angle).

A typical tetrapod has four corners extending radially from the center point toward each vertex of the tetrahedron. However, the tetrapod has a limitation in increasing the weight tonnage due to the geometrical limitation that each portion extends radially from one central point. For example, if a tetrapod is manufactured with a grade of 75 tons or more, the volume of the center portion of the tetrapod increases, and there is a problem that cracks are generated due to heat of hydration.

On the other hand, since the tetrapod has a truncated cone-shaped corner portion whose cross-sectional area becomes smaller as it moves away from the center, there is a problem that the interlocking effect between the sofa blocks is not large, the corner portions are weak against damage, and it is disadvantageous to secure the porosity. Accordingly, so-called "dimples" that improve the problem of weak strength of each part of the tetrapod, and so-called "tetraneo", which improves the problem of low interlocking effect, have been developed and used.

However, in the case of the dimple, since the corners and vertices of the tetrahedron are somewhat excessively chamfered, the rest of the body excluding the vertex is depressed to a predetermined depth, so the strength of each part could be secured. It is not easy to secure the porosity, and the interlocking effect is weak.

In addition, in the case of the Tetraneo, the protrusion in the form of an enlarged cross-section at the end of each part enhances the interlocking effect, but the formwork is complicated and the demoulding is difficult, making it difficult to manufacture, and the mounting of the sofa block is also difficult, and it is difficult to secure the porosity. There was a problem that it was not easy.

The present invention was conceived to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sofa block that is easy to manufacture and construct while improving an interlocking effect between sofa blocks.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sofa block capable of sufficiently securing the strength of each portion while securing a sufficient porosity.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sofa block having a very excellent sofa effect.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a sofa block that can be mounted in various ways, and a method of mounting the sofa block using the same.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention includes a central body 10 having a substantially tetrahedron 11 shape; And four leg portions 20 including a vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and extending in a direction outward from the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11.

The central body 10 may include a protrusion 15 protruding outward from the surface in a centrifugal direction from the surface 117 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10.

The leg portion 20 includes: a centripetal end 31 connected to the central body 10 in a centripetal direction; And a centrifugal end portion 33 provided at the tip end of each portion 20 in a centrifugal direction and having a larger cross-sectional area than the centripetal end portion 31.

The cross-sectional area of each portion 20 gradually increases as it goes from the centripetal end 31 to the distal end 33.

The protrusion 15 is an area center 119 of the surface 117 and a centripetal end of each portion 20 in which the sides 113 of the surface 117 are connected to both ends of the side 113 (31) It may have a form that connects the meeting points.

The protrusion 15 may have a shape in which a cross-sectional area becomes narrower toward a centrifugal direction from the surface 117.

In the side 113 portion where the protrusions 15 provided on the two adjacent surfaces 117 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 are connected to each other, in the direction of the volume center 13 of the central body 10 A recessed portion 16 having a recessed shape may be provided.

The protrusion 15 may have a triangular pyramid shape having a substantially isosceles triangle bottom surface.

The depression 16 is, from the side of the protrusions 15 of the two sides 117 adjacent to the side 113 defined by the two adjacent sides 117 of the central body 10 therebetween. The central portion of the side 113 in the longitudinal direction may be recessed.

The surface of the recessed part 16 defined by the recessed part 16 is a point where the side 113 and the centripetal end 31 of the leg part 20 meet, and a triangular pyramid of two adjacent protrusions 15 It may include a triangular shape connecting the vertices of.

The centripetal end 31 may have a cross-section in the shape of a triangle 311 connecting predetermined points of three adjacent sides by a vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10.

The cross-section of the distal end portion 33 may have a cross-section of a hexagonal shape 321.

The center of the triangle 311 and the center of the hexagonal shape 321 may be substantially disposed on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 have.

The cross section of the triangle 311 and the cross section of the hexagonal shape 321 can be substantially perpendicular to a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 have.

The triangle 311 may be a substantially regular triangle, and the hexagon 321 may be a substantially regular hexagon.

When viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the three centripetal end corners 313 which are the three vertices of the triangle 311, and the Among the six distal end corners 323, which are six vertices of the hexagon 321, three distal end corners 323 that are not adjacent to each other are the vertices 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 ) May be radially aligned with each other around a straight line passing through.

When viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the triangle 311 may be disposed inside the hexagonal shape 321.

The side surfaces of each portion 20 may include three first side surfaces 35 and six second side surfaces 37.

The first side surface 35 includes a pair of centripetal end corners 313 at both ends of the centripetal end edge 315 corresponding to the side of the triangle 311 of the centripetal end 31, and the tetrahedron ( The distal end corner 323 of the distal end 33 radially aligned with the centripetal end edge 315 based on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of 11) and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 It may be a triangular shape connecting ).

The second side surface passes through the centripetal end corner 313 of the triangle 311 of the centripetal end 31, the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 A distal end corner 323 of the distal end 33 radially aligned with the centripetal end corner 313 based on a straight line, and a distal end corner 323 adjacent to the distal end corner 323 are connected. It may be a triangular shape.

A chamfer () may be formed at the distal end edge () defined by the side surface and the distal end () of each part (). The section in which the chamfer () is formed may have a shape in which the cross-sectional area of each portion () gradually decreases toward a centrifugal direction.

The distance (d) between the point where the centripetal end 31 meets the side 113 of the central body 10 and the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 is the two vertices 111 of the tetrahedron 11 It may be greater than or equal to 1/4 and less than 1/2 of the length L of the side 113 connecting the side.

The second distance d2 from the straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 to the distal end corner 323 is, from the straight line to the centripetal end It may exceed 1.0 times and be 2.0 times or less of the first distance d1 reaching the corner 313.

The distance (h) between the centripetal end 31 and the distal end 33 of the leg 20 in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 May be 0.2 times or more and 0.8 times or less of the length L of the side 113 of the tetrahedron 11.

In a direction penetrating the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the distance between the centripetal end 31 and the distal end 33 is the distal end 33 It may be greater than or equal to 1/3 of the distance () between) and () and less than or equal to 2/3.

At least some of the corners of the sofa block may have a chamfer (chamfer).

The present invention provides an offshore structure having the sofa blocks mounted thereon.

The offshore structure may be stationary so that each part of one sofa block mounted thereon is supported by the recessed part 16 of the sofa block mounted adjacent thereto.

The offshore structure may be stationary such that the mounted sofa block 30 is interlocked in contact with the sofa block 30 mounted adjacent thereto.

The sofa blocks may be mounted in two stages.

In the sofa block of the present invention, since the cross-sectional area increases as the leg portion 20 moves away from the center, two adjacent leg portions of the two adjacent sofa blocks can be interlocked with each other in the longitudinal direction, and two adjacent sofa blocks The protrusions 15 to the depressions 16 of the central body of any one of the sofa blocks may be interlocked with each part 20 of the neighboring sofa block.

In the sofa block of the present invention, the recessed portion 16 is provided at the central portion of the side 113 of the central body 10, and the recessed portion 16 is recessed in a direction orthogonal to the side 113, The recessed part 16 supports each part 20 of a sofa block that is mounted adjacent to each other, and as well as zooming, it is possible to further increase the dispersion effect of blue.

In the sofa block of the present invention, the protrusions 15 radially provided on the surface 117 of the central body 10 reinforce the strength of the side 113 and increase the dispersion effect of the waves.

The sofa block of the present invention is easy to mount in a form in which the sofa block is turned upside down due to the shape of each portion whose cross-sectional area increases as the distance from the center increases. This makes it easier to have two layers.

The present invention has a very excellent sofa effect due to the various curved shapes of the central body 10 and each part 20.

In the present invention, while manufacturing all surfaces of the sofa block in a flat shape, various bends can be realized, so that the fabrication of the formwork is easy, and the demoulding of the formwork is easy.

In addition to the above-described effects, specific effects of the present invention will be described together while describing specific details for carrying out the present invention.

1 to 5 are views for explaining the layout of a sofa block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a front perspective view of the sofa block of the embodiment.
7 is a rear perspective view of the sofa block of the embodiment.
8 is a front view of the sofa block of the embodiment.
9 is a rear view of the sofa block of the embodiment.
10 is a plan view of a sofa block according to the embodiment.
11 is a view of the shape of the centripetal end and the distal end of the sofa block of the embodiment as viewed in a direction passing through the volume center and vertex of the central body.
12 is a bottom view of the sofa block of the embodiment.
13 is a side view of the sofa block according to the embodiment.
14 is a front perspective view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
15 is a rear perspective view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
16 is a front view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
17 is a rear view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
18 is a plan view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
19 is a bottom view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
20 is a side view of a sofa block in which a chamfer is further formed.
FIG. 21 is a view as viewed obliquely from the front top of the sofa block in which the chamfer is further formed.
22 is a plan view of FIG. 21.
23 is a perspective view taken along the KK cross section in FIG. 22.
24 is a perspective view taken along the JJ cross section in FIG. 22.
FIG. 25 is a view as viewed obliquely from the top of the front of the sofa block in which the chamfer is further formed in two layers.
26 is a plan view of FIG. 25.
Fig. 27 is a perspective view of Fig. 25;
28 is a side view of FIG. 25;
29 is a plan view showing a sofa block mounted on the first floor of a two-story sofa block.
FIG. 30 is a side view taken along the HH section of FIG. 26.
31 is a perspective view taken along the HH section of FIG. 26.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and various modifications may be made and may be implemented in various different forms. However, this embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to fully inform a person of ordinary skill in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and all changes and equivalents included in the technical spirit and scope of the present invention as well as substituting or adding to each other the configuration of any one embodiment and the configuration of another embodiment. To include substitutes.

The accompanying drawings are only for making it easier to understand the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and the technical idea disclosed in the present specification is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes and equivalents included in the spirit and scope of the present invention It should be understood to include water or substitutes. In the drawings, components may be exaggeratedly large or small in size or thickness in consideration of convenience of understanding, and thus, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limitedly interpreted.

The terms used in the present specification are only used to describe specific embodiments or examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. And singular expressions include plural expressions, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the specification, terms such as to include, to consist of, etc. are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification. In other words, in the specification, terms such as to include, to consist of. It is to be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Terms including ordinal numbers, such as first and second, may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited by the terms. These terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. Should be. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in the middle.

When a component is referred to as being "above" or "below" another component, it should be understood that other components may exist in the middle as well as those disposed directly above the other component. .

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms as defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and should not be interpreted as an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in this application. Does not.

In describing the embodiment, the centripetal direction may be understood as a direction toward the volume center of the sofa block, and the centrifugal direction may be understood as a direction away from the volume center of the sofa block. Further, the circumferential direction may be understood as a direction surrounding the direction toward or away from the center.

[Schematic layout of sofa block]

Hereinafter, a schematic layout of a sofa block will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

1 is a perspective view showing a shape of a tetrahedron 11 substantially formed by a central body 10 of a sofa block 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

3 is a perspective view showing a portion of the centripetal end 31 of the corner part 20 provided at the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are each of the corner portions 20 from the centripetal end 31 Is a perspective view and a side view showing an extended state.

The sofa block of the embodiment according to the present invention includes a central body 10 and four leg portions 20 extending outward from the central body 10. In FIGS. 1 to 5, only one leg 20 is shown for convenience of description.

The central body 10 has a substantially regular tetrahedron 11 shape. The tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 includes four sides 113, four vertices 111, and four faces 117.

The leg portion 20 extends outward from the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11. Specifically, the three predetermined points 115 on the three sides 113 gathered at one vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 become points connected to the leg portions 20. The triangle 311 formed by connecting the three points 115 becomes the centripetal end 31 to which the leg 20 and the central body 10 are connected.

The leg portions 20 extend outwardly from the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 toward the vertex 111.

The distance (d) between the point 115 and the vertex 111 may be less than 1/2 of the total length L of the side 113 and may be greater than 1/4. That is, the two legs 20 provided at the vertices 111 provided at both ends of one side 113 are respectively connected to the central body 10 and the two leg parts 20 are not directly connected. Accordingly, the side 113 of the central body 10 on which the four leg portions 20 are formed is exposed to the outside without the central portion of the central portion in the longitudinal direction being included in the leg portion 20.

The central body 10 to the vertex 111 and the portion extending from the vertex 111 to the centripetal end 31 are buried in each portion 20.

The leg portion 20 includes a centripetal end 31 disposed closer to the central body 10 and a distal end 33 disposed farther from the central body 10 than the centripetal end 31. The centripetal end 31 is a base end to which the leg 20 and the central body 10 are connected, and the distal end 33 is a longitudinal end of the leg 20, that is, a front end.

Each portion 20 has a shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually increases as the distance from the central body 10 increases at the centripetal end 31 connected to the central body 10. The cross-sectional area of the centrifugal end 33 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the centripetal end 31. And when viewing the cross section by grabbing any two points between the centripetal end 31 and the distal end 33, the cross section of the point closer to the distal end 33 is more than the cross section of the point closer to the centripetal end 31. Large (however, this is a description without considering the chamfer 60 to be described later). In addition, when viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the cross section of the point closer to the distal end 33 is the centripetal end 31 It may have a shape including a cross section of a point closer to (see FIG. 11). In summary, each part 20 may have a shape that gradually thickens as it moves away from the central body 10.

The triangle of the centripetal end 31 defined by a plane perpendicular to the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and a straight line (Z; see Fig. 11) passing through the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 ( 311) The cross-sectional shape may be an equilateral triangle.

A hexagonal shape of the distal end 33 defined by a plane perpendicular to a straight line (Z; see Fig. 11) passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 ( 321) The cross-sectional shape may be a regular hexagon.

The center of the triangle 311 and the center of the hexagonal shape 321 are substantially located on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 . The first distance d1 from the center of the triangle 311 to the centripetal end corner 313 (vertex) of the triangle 311 is the distal end corner 323 of the hexagonal shape 321 from the center of the hexagonal shape 321 ; It may be smaller than the second distance (d2) reaching the vertex). The first distance d1 may exceed 1.0 times the second distance d2 and be 2.0 times or less. If the first distance (d1) is less than 1.0 times the second distance (d2), the interlocking effect between the parts of the neighboring sofa block (1) cannot be expected, and the first distance (d1) is the second distance If it exceeds 2.0 times of (d2), it becomes very difficult to interlock between neighboring sofa blocks because the leg part 20 is too thick, and the strength of the centripetal end 31 is increased compared to the increase of the self-weight of the leg part 20. Since it cannot be secured, there is a high possibility that each part 20 is damaged at the centripetal end 31.

The distance (h) between the centripetal end 31 and the distal end 33 of the leg 20 in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 , The length of each part may be 0.2 times or more and 0.8 times or less of the length L of the side 113 of the tetrahedron 11.

If the length h of each part is less than 0.2 times the length of the side L, the length of each part cannot be secured and the amount of overlap between neighboring sofa blocks cannot be secured, making interlocking difficult. In addition, if the length (h) of each part is 0.8 times or more of the length (L) of the side, the length (h) of each part is too long to interfere with other sofa blocks that should not be interfered, making it difficult to mount, and the moment increases, so that the leg part 20 The possibility of being damaged at the centripetal end 31 increases.

[Specific shape of sofa block]

Hereinafter, a specific shape of the sofa block according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 13.

The sofa block 1 has four leg portions 20 extending in a direction away from the volume center 13 of the central body 10 at the apex portion of the central body 10 substantially having the shape of a tetrahedron 11 It is equipped with.

The centripetal end 31 of the each part 20 has a cross section in the shape of a triangle 311 connecting predetermined points of three adjacent sides by a vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10, and , The cross-section of the distal end portion 33 has a cross-section of a hexagonal shape (321).

The center of the triangle 311 and the center of the hexagonal shape 321 are substantially on a straight line (Z) passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 Can be placed.

The cross section of the triangle 311 and the cross section of the hexagonal shape 321 can be substantially perpendicular to a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 have.

The triangle 311 may be a substantially regular triangle, and the hexagon 321 may be a substantially regular hexagon.

Referring to FIG. 11, when viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, that is, in the Z direction, the three vertices of the triangle 311 The three centripetal end corners 313 and the three distal end corners 323 not adjacent to each other among the six distal end corners 323 which are the six vertices of the hexagonal shape 321 are the vertices 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and It may be radially aligned with each other around a straight line Z penetrating through the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11.

When viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the triangle 311 may be disposed inside the hexagonal shape 321.

The side surfaces of each portion 20 may include three first side surfaces 35 in a triangular plane shape and six second side surfaces 37 in a triangular plane shape.

The first side surface 35 includes a pair of centripetal end corners 313 at both ends of the centripetal end edge 315 corresponding to the side of the triangle 311 of the centripetal end 31, and the tetrahedron ( The distal end corner 323 of the distal end 33 radially aligned with the centripetal end edge 315 based on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of 11) and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 It may be a triangular shape connecting ). That is, in the triangular shape of the first side surface 35, one side corresponds to one centripetal end edge 315 of the centripetal end 31.

The second side surface passes through the centripetal end corner 313 of the triangle 311 of the centripetal end 31, the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 A distal end corner 323 of the distal end 33 radially aligned with the centripetal end corner 313 based on a straight line, and a distal end corner 323 adjacent to the distal end corner 323 are connected. It may be a triangular shape. That is, in the triangular shape of the second side surface 37, one side corresponds to one distal end edge 325 of the distal end 33.

The side surfaces of each part 20 are, in the circumferential direction, a first side surface 35, a second side surface 37, a second side surface 37, a first side surface 35, and a second side surface ( 37), the second side surface 37, the first side surface 35, the second side surface 37, and the second side surface 37 may be arranged in this order. All of these surfaces have a triangular planar shape, and all directions of the normals of the corresponding planes are arranged out of each other. That is, since the side surface of this (30) has a flat shape, it is easy to manufacture a formwork, and yet has an excellent sofa effect.

Meanwhile, the central body 10 may include a protrusion 15 protruding outward from the surface in a centrifugal direction from the surface 117 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10.

Three protrusions 15 are provided for each side 117 of the central body 10.

The protrusion 15 is an area center 119 of the surface 117 and a centripetal end of each portion 20 in which the sides 113 of the surface 117 are connected to both ends of the side 113 It may have a base of an isosceles triangle connecting points where it meets (31).

The protrusion 15 has a shape in which a cross-sectional area becomes narrower from the surface 117 in a centrifugal direction, and may have a triangular pyramid shape having a substantially isosceles triangle bottom surface.

In addition, the protrusion 15 has a shape that protrudes further from the area center 119 of the surface 117 to the side 113 portion.

In the side 113 portion where the protrusions 15 provided on the two adjacent surfaces 117 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 are connected to each other, in the direction of the volume center 13 of the central body 10 A recessed portion 16 having a recessed shape may be provided.

The depression 16 is, from the side of the protrusions 15 of the two sides 117 adjacent to the side 113 defined by the two adjacent sides 117 of the central body 10 therebetween. The central portion of the side 113 in the longitudinal direction may be recessed. The recessed portion 16 has a concave shape extending in a direction perpendicular to the side 113.

The surface of the concave portion 16 of the concave shape is, as shown, a point where the side 113 and the centripetal end 31 of the leg portion 20 meet, and a triangular pyramid of two adjacent protrusions 15 It may contain a pair of triangular shapes connecting the vertices of.

The shape of the recessed portion 16 has a shape suitable for receiving and supporting the leg portion 20 of the other sofa block 1 extending in a direction crossing the side 113.

At least some of the corners of the sofa block may have a chamfer (chamfer). The corner where the chamfer is formed may be a pointed or sharp and fragile part because the angle formed by the two surfaces meeting by the corner is 90 degrees or less.

In the embodiment, the angle formed by the edge where the side (first side surface, second side surface) of the leg portion 20 and the distal end (hexagonal shape) of the leg portion 20 meet is 90 degrees or less. Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 14 to 20, a chamfer 60 is provided to the distal end 33 to prevent damage to the corresponding portion. The sofa block of the embodiment has the advantage that there is no portion corresponding to an angle of 90 degrees or less except for the rim of the distal end portion 33 described above, so that a separate chamfer shape may not be added.

[Mounting of sofa block]

The present invention provides an offshore structure having the sofa blocks mounted thereon. The offshore structure may be a breakwater. The breakwater may have a structure in which the above-described sofa blocks are mounted on a slope having an inclination angle of 1:1.5 or 1:2.

The offshore structure may include a one-story or two-story structure of the sofa blocks.

Referring to FIGS. 21 to 24 in which a single layer of sofa blocks is formed, the sofa block may be mounted so that three leg portions are placed on the floor. At this time, the ends of the corners of the sofa block placed on the floor are interlocked with the protrusions of the center body of the sofa block and the corners on both sides thereof so as to be aligned therewith (in the vertical direction in the drawing in FIG. 22) (see FIG. 22B and FIG. 23) . In addition, the ends of each part of the sofa block placed on the floor are adjacent to this (left and right direction in the drawing in Fig. 22) and interlocked with the protrusion of the center body of the sofa block placed in the opposite direction (see Fig. 22 a and Fig. 24), Each portion of the two sofa blocks (left and right directions in the drawing of FIG. 22) disposed to face each other is interlocked due to a shape whose cross section increases as the distance from the central body increases.

Referring to FIGS. 25 to 31 in which two layers of sofa blocks are formed, as shown in FIG. 29, the sofa blocks of one layer are all aligned in the same direction (up and down direction in the drawing of FIG. 29), and neighbors (in FIG. Each part of the sofa blocks (left and right directions in the drawing) is aligned so as to abut. As a result, as shown in the cross section of FIG. 29C and FIG. 30, the corner portions of one sofa block are interlocked with the protrusions of the central body of the other sofa block aligned thereto.

In addition, the two-tiered sofa block is a space between one-tiered sofa blocks (see FIG. 29), with one leg placed on the floor, and the remaining three legged sofa blocks as shown in FIG. It is mounted so as to extend into the space between each part extending upward. At this time, each portion positioned at the top of the two-tiered sofa block may be stably supported by the recessed portion, facing the recessed portion of the central body of the one-tiered sofa block adjacent thereto. In the same principle, the depression of the central body of the two-tiered sofa block can be stably supported by the ends of the two corners of the one-tiered sofa block adjacent thereto (see FIG. 28D ).

The offshore structure may be stationary so that the leg portions 20 of any one sofa block mounted are interlocked in contact with the leg portions 20 of the sofa block mounted adjacent thereto. For example, as can be seen in the portion between the two "a" marks in FIG. 22, since the inclined surfaces of the legs 20 of the two adjacent sofa blocks 1 are mounted so as to face each other, the two sofa blocks 1 It can be interlocked in the direction (Fig. 22 shows a slightly relaxed slope, but it can be made to have a larger slope).

In addition, as described above, the end of the leg portion 20 of one of the two sofa blocks 1 mounted adjacently is disposed on the protrusion 15 of the other sofa block 1 to interfere with the protrusion 15 It can be (see Fig. 22B, Fig. 23, cross-sectional portion, Fig. 29C). Accordingly, each portion of one sofa block may be interlocked with the central body 10 of the other sofa block.

In addition, in a two-tiered offshore structure, the end side of each part of the sofa block on one floor and the recessed part 16 of the sofa block mounted on the other floor and adjacent thereto are statically supported so as to be mutually supported. It can be (see Fig. 28D, Fig . 30E ). In this two-tiered sofa block structure, the concave shape of the recessed portion 16 of one sofa block and its direction correspond to the pathby direction of each portion of the other sofa block facing it. This increases the interlocking effect of the two neighboring sofa blocks, and prevents damage to the area where the two neighboring sofa blocks are in contact with each other.

As described above with reference to the drawings illustrated for the present invention, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed in the present specification, and various by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. It is obvious that transformation can be made. In addition, even if not explicitly described and described the effects of the configuration of the present invention while describing the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the predictable effects of the configuration should also be recognized.

1: sofa block
10: central body
11: tetrahedron
111: vertex
113: side
L: side length
115: each part connection point
117: scene
119: area center
13: Volume center
15: protrusion
16: depression
20: each part
h: length of each part
31: centripetal end
311: triangle
313: central end corner
d: the distance between the vertex and the central end corner
d1: Distance from the center of the triangle to the corner of the centripetal end (the first distance)
315: centripetal end edge
33: distal end
321: hexagon
323: distal end corner
d2: Distance from the center of the hexagon to the distal end corner (the second distance)
325: distal end edge
35: first side surface
37: second side surface
60: chamfer

Claims (14)

A central body 10 having a substantially tetrahedral body 11 shape; And
As a sofa block comprising a; four leg portions 20 including a vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and extending in an outward direction from the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11,
The leg portion 20 is:
A centripetal end 31 connected to the central body 10 in a centripetal direction; And
A distal end portion 33 provided at the tip end of each portion 20 in a centrifugal direction and having a larger cross-sectional area than the centripetal end portion 31; and,
The leg portion 20 gradually increases in cross-sectional area from the centripetal end 31 to the distal end 33,
The centripetal end 31 has a cross section in the shape of a triangle 311 connecting predetermined points of three adjacent sides by a vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10, and the triangle 311 ) Is effectively an equilateral triangle,
The cross section of the distal end portion 33 has a cross section of a hexagonal shape 321, and the hexagonal shape 321 is substantially a regular hexagonal shape,
The center of the triangle 311 and the center of the hexagon 321 are substantially arranged on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11,
The cross section of the triangle 311 and the cross section of the hexagon 321 are substantially perpendicular to a straight line (Z) passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 To achieve,
When viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the three centripetal end corners 313 which are the three vertices of the triangle 311, and the Among the six distal end corners 323, which are six vertices of the hexagon 321, three distal end corners 323 that are not adjacent to each other are the vertices 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 ) Are radially aligned with each other around a straight line through,
When viewed in a direction passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11, the triangle 311 is disposed inside the hexagonal shape 321,
The distance (d) between the vertices 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the points is equal to or greater than 1/4 of the length (L) of the side 113 connecting the two vertices 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and 1/ Is less than 2,
The second distance d2 from the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the straight line Z penetrating the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 to the distal end corner 323 is the straight line ( It is more than 1.0 times and less than 2.0 times the first distance d1 from Z) to the centripetal end corner 313,
The distance between the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the centripetal end 31 and the centrifugal end 33 of the leg 20 in a direction penetrating through the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 (h ) Is 0.2 times or more and 0.8 times or less of the length L of the side 113 of the tetrahedron 11,
A surface 117 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 has a protrusion 15 protruding outward from the surface in a centrifugal direction,
The protrusion 15 is an area center 119 of the surface 117 and a centripetal end of each portion 20 in which the sides 113 of the surface 117 are connected to both ends of the side 113 (31) has a bottom surface of an isosceles triangle by connecting the points where it meets, and has a triangular pyramid shape whose cross-sectional area becomes narrower in a centrifugal direction from the surface 117,
In the side 113 portion where the protrusions 15 provided on the two adjacent surfaces 117 of the tetrahedron 11 of the central body 10 are connected to each other, in the direction of the volume center 13 of the central body 10 A recessed portion 16 of a recessed shape is provided,
The depression 16 is, from the side of the protrusions 15 of the two sides 117 adjacent to the side 113 defined by the two adjacent sides 117 of the central body 10 therebetween. The central portion of the side 113 in the longitudinal direction has a recessed shape,
The surface of the recessed part 16 defined by the recessed part 16 is a point where the side 113 and the centripetal end 31 of the leg part 20 meet, and a triangular pyramid of two adjacent protrusions 15 A sofa block containing a triangular shape connecting the vertices of the.
delete delete delete delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The side of each part 20,
A pair of centripetal end corners 313 at both ends of the centripetal end edge 315 corresponding to the side of the triangle 311 of the centripetal end 31, and
The centrifugal end of the distal end 33 radially aligned with the centripetal end edge 315 based on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 End corner(323)
Three triangular-shaped first side surfaces (35) connecting them;
The centripetal end corner 313 of the triangle 311 of the centripetal end 31,
The centrifugal end of the distal end 33 radially aligned with the centripetal end corner 313 based on a straight line passing through the vertex 111 of the tetrahedron 11 and the volume center 13 of the tetrahedron 11 End corner 323, and
The distal end corner 323 adjacent to the distal end corner 323
Sofa block having a; 6 second side surfaces 37 of a triangular shape to connect.
The method according to claim 1,
A sofa block in which a chamfer 60 is formed at the distal end edge 325 defined by the side surface of the leg 20 and the distal end 33.
delete delete delete As an offshore structure using the sofa blocks of claim 1 or 8 or 9,
An offshore structure in which a corner part of one sofa block is supported by a recessed part 16 of an adjacent sofa block.
As an offshore structure using the sofa blocks of claim 1 or 8 or 9,
An offshore structure in which the leg portion 20 of one sofa block is in contact with the leg portion 20 of the adjacent sofa block and is interlocked with each other.

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