MX2008010307A

MX2008010307A - Cableway.

Info

Publication number: MX2008010307A
Application number: MX2008010307A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Joachim Spengler; Herbert Duer; Michael Doppelmayr
Original assignee: Innova Patent Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-08-13
Filing date: 2008-08-12
Publication date: 2009-03-05
Also published as: AT505152B1; AT505152A4; US20090044718A1; AU2008203289A1; BRPI0803404A2; AR067919A1; CL2008002326A1

Abstract

The cableway has a hoisting cable (11) extending between a valley station (7) and a mountain station (1), and a supporting traveling unit for transporting persons or goods between the valley station to the mountain station. The mountain station is placed to be displaceable in a horizontal direction and/or in a vertical direction. The mountain station is displaceably mounted on a carrying construction. A rail (20) is fastened to the mounting cable, where the mountain station is displaceably arranged in the rail.

Description

TELEPHONE FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a cable car with at least one lower station and one upper station, one transport cable between the lower station and the upper station and lifting means for transporting people and / or objects from the station inferior to the superior and, eventually, vice versa. For some years now, sliding in dunes with ski and snowboard-like sports equipment has become more popular. In this type of sport, the athlete must be encouraged to make the ascent through the dunes. The objective of the invention is, therefore, to adapt a cable car of the type mentioned at the beginning, to be used in dunes or other comparable elevations in a wide sense, showing a remarkable "hiker behavior". This objective is solved by a cable car with the attributes of claim 1 of the patent. In the invention, the upper station is not disposed fixed and unplayable in place, as in conventional cable cars, but displaceable in the horizontal direction and / or vertical. In this way it is possible to vary the place where the upper station is located in correspondence with the migratory behavior of the dune, so that the upper station can always be found in the desired or ideal place, usually in the area of the top of the dune. In normal cable cars, built on hill slopes or mountains, it is not problematic to build the upper station in a stable and firm way, so as to be able to absorb, along with its own weight, the tensile forces of the cables, the cables tractors and / or conveyor cables, it is not valid in general the same in cable cars on dunes. Therefore, in the invention it is preferred that the upper station is arranged on a supporting construction and movable thereon. The load-bearing construction offers the possibility of not supporting and holding the upper station directly on the dune, which would bring with it the aforementioned disadvantages, but the supporting construction can be fixed in a stable way in some other suitable place, generally at the foot of a dune, and the upper station is supported by the load-bearing construction, which can be balanced completely or also, considering its size and weight, to be partially supported on the dune. In a preferred form of the invention, the supporting construction can have a bracket in which the supporting construction is arranged in a displaceable manner. Here the supporting construction can have a base in the area of the lower station and a bracket be disposed at the end of a supporting arm attached to the base. This embodiment has the advantage that the load-bearing construction, in particular the supporting arm and the bracket, can rotate relatively freely within the framework of the technical possibilities and, thereby, adapt to the shape and migratory behavior of the structures. dunes. Here, too, it is not required, in principle, that the upper station be arranged in the area of the top of the dune, since the upper station may be suspended on the side of a dune. In this construction, there is also the simple possibility that a deflector disk for the conveyor cable is housed in the supporting construction, in particular in the bracket. When the base forms at the same time part of the foundation of the lower station, a system of forces closed in itself is created, very stable and free of faults.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the supporting construction has supports and at least one mounting cable arranged between these supports, in which the station is arranged in a displaceable manner. With respect to the construction with a bracket described above, whose size is limited by its own weight, this embodiment has the advantage that the space in which the upper station can be disposed and moved is larger. There are several ways to attach the upper station to the mounting cable and move it. One possibility is to move the upper station at least along the extended mounting cable between one support and the other. In this embodiment, the upper station is moved directly on the mounting cable, on rollers or runners, to the desired area, then fixing it in this position. The advantage of this embodiment is that the flow of forces in the mounting cable is not interrupted. Another possibility is to lock the upper station fixedly on the mounting cable and move the mounting cable with the upper station. In as much as in the previous embodiment the upper station must be optionally equipped with a motorized drive or an additional tractor cable must be provided for the upper station, in this embodiment a drive must be provided to move the mounting cable. This drive can be carried out, for example, by means of one or more hydraulic cylinders. Another alternative consists in not using a through-mounting cable to which the upper station is permanently locked, but from opposite sides of the upper station, mounting cables extend to the nearby support. Particularly in the embodiment with separate mounting cables, it is possible to fix a rail in the mounting cables, on which the upper station is movably arranged. The rail can also be fixed on a through-mounting cable. The advantage of these embodiments is that the upper station can be moved more easily on rails than directly on a mounting cable. This embodiment can be combined with another embodiment in which the mounting cable, in this case with a rail, can be moved further. In this case, the mounting cable can be moved for position variations wider of the upper station and is on the rail for smaller position variations of the same. In the invention it is preferred - seen in the longitudinal direction of the mounting cables - that all the mounting cables are provided in pairs and adjacent to each other. In this way not only is the load distributed between two mounting cables, but also the oscillation movement of the upper station decreases when the same is not anchored in any way in the dune. In the case of two mounting cables running parallel to one another, there are of course also two parallel rails which run parallel to one another, in which the upper station is arranged in a displaceable manner. Ideally, the rails are linked together forming a stable framework. Alternatively to the possibility of holding the supports fixedly in foundations and moving the upper station with or on a mounting cable or a rail, there is also the possibility that at least one support is fixed in a rotating manner on a foundation or that are both supports. By appropriate rotation of one or both supports it is also possible to modify the position of the upper station in the horizontal and / or vertical direction.

When the supports are supported by mooring cables, the rotation of one or both supports can be carried out in a simple manner by modifying the effective length of at least one of the mooring cables. Due to the variable dynamic loads caused by passengers and the wind, fluctuating movements or oscillations may occur. In order to avoid these fluctuating movements or oscillations or eventually cushion them, there is the possibility that a support cable is attached to the upper station. Here, it is also preferred that a lever arm on which a support cable is held is fixed in place at the upper station. This support cable, held fixed in place, can effectively prevent fluctuating movements or oscillations in the longitudinal direction of the support cable. When the upper station is arranged suspended between at least two supports, it then adopts a horizontal position only when it is located approximately centrally accurate between these two supports and is not displaced horizontally by additional external forces, for example, by the cable conveyor.

By means of the support cable held in a lever arm, this type of position variation of the upper station can also be compensated for or prevented. Another possibility of compensating for this undesired position variation of the upper station is to ensure at least one counterweight in the upper station. In this embodiment it is preferred that the counterweight be movable directly in the upper station or, when a lever arm is fixed in the upper station, the counterweight is fastened thereto. Due to the offset of the counterweight in the upper station or the lever arm or the rotation or displacement of the lever arm, an individual correction of the position of the upper station is possible. In order to compensate for an inclined position of the upper station there is also the possibility that the upper station is arranged in a height-adjustable manner in the mounting cable and that viewed longitudinally according to the mounting cable - the two sides of the upper station , preferably, independently, they are arranged in a height-adjustable manner in the mounting cable. These two possibilities can also be used to carry out corrections in height of the upper station on the dune. Since the upper station can not only fluctuate or oscillate around a horizontal axis, but also around a vertical axis, such undesired movement should also be avoided. In the invention this can be prevented by bringing the pairs of cables together at an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 3 °. The larger this angle is, the more the upper station is secured against fluctuations and oscillations around a vertical axis, and also against lateral displacements. Another possibility of preventing fluctuations or oscillations of the upper station is that the upper station has a device for joining it to the ground. Since the dunes generally do not have a great resistance, in the invention it is preferred that the device has at least one anchor bar which, preferably, is provided at its end with a thread. One or more of these anchor rods can be incorporated into and also easily removed from the dunes, providing a simple possibility of securing the upper station.

Other attributes and advantages of the invention are appreciated in the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the illustrations. Fig. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of the invention with a supporting construction with two supports, fig. 2 a somewhat modified embodiment, fig. 3 an enlarged detail of fig. 2, fig. 4 another modified embodiment, fig. 5 a first embodiment for compensating the overturning of an upper station with a lever arm, fig. 6 a second embodiment of compensating the overturning of an upper station with a lever arm, fig. 7 an embodiment for compensating the overturning of an upper station with a counterweight, fig. 8 an embodiment for compensating the overturning of an upper station by adjusting in height the upper station, fig. 9 an embodiment for compensating the overturning of an upper station by means of the mounting cables, fig. 10 a device by means of which the upper station can be anchored in a dune, fig. 11 a top view of an embodiment of the invention with which a lateral displacement of the upper station can be reduced. above, and fig. 12 a second embodiment of the invention with a supporting construction with a supporting arm and a bracket. In fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention by means of which an upper station 1 is supported on the top of a dune 32 by means of a supporting cable 2 held between two supports 3 and 4. The upper station 1 is installed in the top of the dune 23, but most of the weight of the upper station 1 is supported by the supporting cable 2. The supports 3 and 4 are supported on foundations 5 and 6. In these foundations 5 and 6 the lower stations 7 are arranged. and 8. In the lower stations 7 and 8 are provided, along with other devices known for a long time in conventional cable cars, which are not described in more detail, cable disks 9 and 10, around which is wound a conveyor cable 11. The conveyor cable thus runs upwards from the first lower station 7 or from its cable disk 9, through a first battery of rollers 12, on the slope of the dune 32, towards the upper station 1 is deviated horizontally by means of a second battery of rollers 12 located at the beginning of the upper station 1, then rerouted back towards At the end of the upper station 1 by a third roller bank 14, it runs along the side of the dune 32 to a fourth roller bank 15 of the second lower station 8., where it is again deflected horizontally, it runs on the cable disk 10 and is driven back, after a 180 ° detour, to the first lower station 7. One of the two lower stations 7, 8 presents a motorized drive for the conveyor cable 11. On the conveyor cable 11 there are fastened circulation means, not shown, for example, chairs known per se in the technique of the cable cars. The type of the various means of circulation, as well as their fastening in the conveyor cable 11, for example, by means of fixed or attachable jaws, has been known for a long time in conventional cable cars, so they are not described in greater detail. The supports 3, 4 are fastened by lashing cables 16, 17. Usually, for each support 3, 4 are used three lashing cables 16, 17, one on the side opposite the conveyor cable 11 and one on each side and forming a Rectum angle. On type A supports, the lateral mooring cables are eventually dispensable.

In order to move the upper station 1 in the horizontal and vertical directions there are several possibilities which, if necessary, can also be combined with each other. One possibility is a mooring of the supporting cable 2 in the heads of the supports 3, 4 and a rotation of one or both supports 3, 4 in articulations 18, 19, located in the foundations 8, 9. The rotation of the supports 3 , 4 proceeds in a better way by varying the effective length of the mooring cables 16, 17, which can be carried out, for example, by winding the cable, but even better, with hydraulic cylinders arranged in the area of the foundations 5, 6. There is also, alternatively, the possibility, in the upper station 1 secured in the mounting cable 2, of moving the mounting cable 2 in one or the other direction. This can also be carried out by means of a winding and / or hydraulic cylinders. A third possibility which, if necessary, can be combined with the two previous ones, consists in that the upper station 1 is arranged in a displaceable manner on the assembly cable 2. For this purpose, rollers or runners are provided in the upper station 1. , as well as a manually operated or motorized device, not shown in the illustrations, to move the upper station on the mounting cable 2.? In order to facilitate the displacement of the upper station, the embodiments according to FIGS. 2 to 4, in which a rail 20 is attached to the mounting cable 2. This rail 20 can be fastened on a mounting cable 2 through or at each end of this rail 20 a mounting cable 2 is mounted which extends to the closest support 3, 4. Since the rail 20 is straight and the rollers 21 of the upper station 1 have a lower rolling resistance than in a cable, it is considerably easier to move the upper station 1. The relatively large load of the mounting cable 2 is also prevented by the rollers 21. In the embodiments with a rail 20, the roller batteries 13, 14, represented symbolically with a single roller, can be arranged, as shown in FIG. 3, directly in the upper station 1, or, as represented by the rollers 13a and 14a of FIG. 4, on the rail 20. An advantage of the embodiment according to fig. 4 with respect to that of fig. 3 is that the rolling resistance of the roller banks 13 and 14 must not be exceeded when moving the station upper 1 along the rail, thus facilitating the movement. Furthermore, the upper station 1 must not withstand the pulling forces of the conveyor cable 2. The horizontal orientation of the upper station 1 is adversely affected by different geometrical conditions and by the different forces acting on the upper station 1, in particular, by the forces incorporated through the conveyor cable 2. As soon as the geometric conditions are given, a tilted position of the upper station 1 is first obtained because an inclination of the upper station 1 proceeds due to a displacement of the upper station of its exact center between the supports 3, 4 due to the curvature of the cable. In order to compensate for this influence, a lever arm 22 (Fig. 5) or 23 (Fig. 6) can be arranged in the upper station. In the embodiment shown in 1 fig. 5, the lever arm 22 is oriented approximately vertically upwards and fastened by a lanyard 24 on the two supports 3, 4. The ideal horizontal position of the upper station 1 can be adjusted by following the lanyard 24 to the right or towards the left and / or by turning the lever arm 22.

In the case of an arrangement of the lever arm 23 according to FIG. 6, it is joined by means of a draw / compression bar and an eye through which the mounting cable runs 2, to which it is attached. By lengthening or shortening the draw / compression rod 25 and / or rotating the lever arm 23 in the upper station 1, the optimum horizontal position of the upper station 1 can be adjusted in a simple manner. Alternatively or additionally, in the upper station 1 may be arranged, as shown in FIG. 7, a counterweight 2 of variable mass and which can preferably also be displaced in the upper station 1. It is also conceivable to hold a counterweight on a lever arm, since in this way the turning moments are greater with the same mass of counterweight. The upper station 1 of the rollers 21 can also be suspended on its two sides, by means of devices 27, 28 of variable length, as shown in FIG. 8, whereby the distances Xi and X2 can be easily adjusted. Another possibility of compensating for the overturning of the upper station 1 consists in driving each of the rollers 21 of the upper station 1 on a mounting cable 2a, 2b. stopped, as can be seen in fig. 9. By shortening or lengthening one or both of the mounting cables 2a, 2b, a horizontal orientation of the upper station 1 can also be achieved. The mounting cables 2a, 2b are guided, by diverting at the head, at least one of the supports 4 to the foundation 6 of this support 4, in which the drive for shortening or lengthening the mounting cables 2a, 2b is also arranged. As a consequence of the greater technical deployment intended for the conduction and the lengthening and / or shortening of the mounting cables 2a, 2b. In this embodiment it is recommended not to use rotating supports 3, 4 but fixed. Since the upper station 1 will not be generally arranged oscillating freely on the dune 32 but fixedly installed on it, within the framework of the present invention it is preferred that the upper station 1 be anchored in the dune by means of anchor rods 29 or the like provided at its end with a thread, as shown in FIG. 10. In this way you can balance or compensate unwanted turning moments produced by irregular loads, but also oscillations. In the present description of preferred embodiments of the invention, and as a consequence of the representation two-dimensional sitting of figs. 1 to 10, reference was always made to a mounting cable 2, 2a, 2b. However, it is really preferred to have, as in the top view of the installation, all the mounting cables matched to each other, since in this way not only the load of the individual mounting cables can be carried half, but also decrease the fluctuating movements of the upper station 1. In order to further improve this stabilization of the upper station 1, in the invention it is preferred that the cable pairs concur at an angle greater than 0 °, preferably, greater than 3 °. This is shown schematically in fig. 11. In this representation, crosspieces 30, 31 whose width is greater than the width of the upper station 1 are placed on the heads of the supports 3, 4. The matching assembly cables 2 extend in the embodiment example forming one another an angle of 3.7 ° from the upper station 1 to the cross member 30, 31. In this way, not only a turning movement of the upper station 1 around a vertical axis, but also a lateral displacement of the upper station is prevented. 1, or at least it is greatly reduced. The angle between the two paired mounting cables 2 depends, on the one hand, on the clamping distance of the mounting cables 2 between the crosspieces 30, 31, and on the other, the width of the crosspieces in themselves, and can be adapted to the requirements of the case. Of course it is also possible to arrange the matched mounting cables 2 together. In the present description of embodiments referring to the figures, a constructive conformation of the cable car was described in which on both sides of the dune 32 there are lower stations 7, 8, so as to provide on both sides of the dune a means for ascending to the dune 32. It is also understood that on one side of the dune 32 only one lower station can be arranged and that, therefore, the conveyor cable is deflected by 180 ° in the upper station 1 by means of a cable disk and driven again to the lower station or that the conveyor cable is driven on the other side of the dune 32 to a kind of lower station, where there is no possibility of passenger ascent and descent. When the conveyor cable 11 is deflected in the upper station 1 it may be convenient, from both static and dynamic points of view, to hold the upper station 1 on the side opposite the mounting cable 11 with the help of an additional lanyard cable oriented towards the closest support.

In fig. 12 is represented a cableway structured in another way, with a supporting arm 33 on which a bracket 34 is rotatably supported by means of a bearing 35. The upper station 1 is supported in a horizontally movable manner on the bracket 34. In addition, on the bracket 34 there is a disc of cable 36. A cable disk 39 is also housed in the foundation or base 37 of the lower station 38. The conveyor cable is driven in a closed circuit between these two cable discs 36 and 39 and also on roller batteries 40. and 41. The roller battery 41 is housed in the foundation 37 and the second roller stack 40 in the area of the bearing 35, which joins the supporting arm 33 with the bracket 34. The supporting arm 33 is supported by means of an arm of support 47 on which a lashing cable 42 is driven which, on the one hand, is clamped in the area of the bearing 35 of the supporting arm 33, and on the other, in a hydraulic cylinder 43. The hydraulic cylinder serves to tension the mooring cable 42 and also to vary the effective length of the mooring cable 42, so as to be able to modify with respect to the horizontal the angle of the supporting arm 33, housed rotatably in the foundation by means of a bearing 46. The bracket 34 he remains in his position by means of another lashing cable 44, led parallel to the supporting arm 33 from the foundation 37 or from a support 48, and through a strut 45 to the free end of the bracket 34. By arranging the mooring cable 44 in parallel to the supporting arm 33 a kind of parallel guide frame is created, so that the bracket 34 always remains automatically horizontal, even when the supporting arm 3 rotates upwards or downwards. Due to the displaceability of the upper station 1 along the bracket 34 and the height adjustment of the upper station 1 through the rotation of the supporting arm 33, an individual adaptation to the height and migratory behavior of the dune 32 by the supporting construction described in relation to fig.

Claims

CLAIMS 1- Cable car with at least one lower station (7, 8, 38) and one upper station (1), a conveyor cable (11) between the lower station (7, 8) and the upper station (1) and means of elevation for the transport of people and / or objects from the lower station (7, 8) to the upper one (1) and, possibly, vice versa, characterized in that the upper station (1) is arranged horizontally or vertically movable.
2- Cable car according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper station (1) is arranged in a supporting structure (2, 3, 4, 33, 34) and movably thereon.
3- Cable car according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting construction has supports (3, 4) and at least one mounting cable (2, 2a, 2b) arranged between these supports (3, 4), which is Upper station (1) can be moved.
4- Cable car according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper station (1) can be moved in at least one mounting cable (2) through a support (3, 4) to the other.
5- Cable car according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper station (1) is fixedly locked in the mounting cable (2) and a drive is provided to move the mounting cable (2).
6- Cable car according to claim 3, characterized in that on opposite sides of the upper station (1) extend mounting cables (2) to the nearby supports (3, 4).
7- Cable car according to claim 3, characterized by a rail (20) fastened on the at least one mounting cable (2) and on which the upper station (1) is movably arranged.
8- Cable car according to claim 7, characterized in that at the opposite ends of the rail (20) extend mounting cables (2) to the nearby supports (3, 4).
9- Cable car according to claim 3, characterized in that two mounting cables are provided (2a, 2b) and that - seen in the longitudinal direction of the mounting cables (2a, 2b) - one side of the upper station (1) is arranged movably in a mounting cable (2a) and the other side is movably arranged in a mounting cable (2b).
10- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that - seen in the longitudinal direction of the mounting cables (2a, 2b) - all the mounting cables (2, 2a, 2b) are provided in pairs and adjacent to each other.
11- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the effective length of at least one mounting cable (2, 2a, 2b) is modifiable.
12- Cable car according to one of claims 4 or 9 to 10, characterized in that the upper station (1) can be moved along the mounting cable (2) with the help of a tractor cable.
13- Cable car according to one of claims 4 or 9 to 10, characterized in that the upper station (1) has a possibly motorized drive to move it along the mounting cable (2).
14- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the supports (3, 4) are fixed in foundations (5, 6).
15- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the supports (3, 4) is rotatably supported in a foundation (5, 6).
16- Cable car according to claim 15, characterized in that both supports (3, 4) are rotatably secured in their foundations (5, 6).
17- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 16, characterized in that the supports (3, 4) are fastened with mooring cables (16, 17).
18- Cable car according to claim 17, characterized in that the effective length of at least one mooring cable (16, 17) is modifiable.
19- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 18, characterized in that a lashing cable (24) is attached to the upper station (1).
20- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 19, characterized in that in the upper station (1) is attached a lever arm (22) in which the lashing cable (24) is fastened.
21- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 18, characterized in that a lever arm (23) attached to the mounting cable (2) is attached to the upper station (1).
22. Cable car according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that at least one counterweight (26) is placed in the upper station (1). 23- Cable car according to claim 22, characterized in that a lever arm in which the counterweight (26) is fastened is held in the upper station (1). 24- Cable car according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the lever arm and / or the counterweight (26) are clamped in the upper station (1). 25- Cable car according to one of claims 3 to 24, characterized in that the upper station (1) is arranged in an adjustable height in the mounting cable (2). 26- Cable car according to claim 25, characterized in that - seen in the longitudinal direction of the mounting cables (2a, 2b) - the two sides of the upper station (1), preferably independently of each other, can be arranged on the mounting cable (2) in adjustable height. Cable car according to one of claims 10 to 26, characterized in that the pairs of cables (2, 2a, 2b) form an angle greater than 0o, preferably greater than 3o.