HIGH PERFORMANCE MIXING CHAMBER FOR CATALYTIC OIL SUSPENSIONS AS A REACTOR FOR THE POLYMERI ZAC ION DES AND CIRCUIT POLYMERIZATION TO INTERMEDIATE DISTILLATES OF RESIDUAL SUBSTANCES CONTAINING HYDROCARBON
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for producing diesel from residual hydrocarbon-containing substances in an oil circuit with separation of solids and distillation of the product for the diesel product. In the above-mentioned patent application only general reference is made to the components of the loading and unloading. The purpose of this complementary application is to describe these components with precision and explain them in an example of embodiment. These precisions are possible because the high performance mixing chamber can produce a high negative pressure and therefore it is possible to solve all the load problems on this basis. An embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail below by the drawings. They show: Figure 1 a schematic representation of a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention;
Figure 2 a schematic representation of the plant of figure 1. By means of figure 1 the method is explained first. For the purpose of loading without clogging, a charging container 2 comprising three inlet openings is provided on the suction side of a high-performance mixing chamber 1. At the upper end of the loading container 2 is the first loading opening, the collecting container 4 which is added to the loading container 2 by means of a loading system 3 which acts by grinding and dosing. The substances to be charged, residual dry substance 5, residual oil from plant 6 or as residual substance, lime or soda as neutralizing agent 7 and catalyst 8 in funnel 9 mixer arrive at this loading system 3 through funnel 9. mixer and container 4 collector. Both the mixing funnel 9 and the collecting container 4 are provided with vibrators which guarantee a continuous flow. The other two openings in the cargo container
2 is a line 10 for feeding the circulating catalyst oil from an oil collecting vessel 15 and a catalyst oil supply line 11 collected from an oil collecting vessel 15, which is located at outlet 29 of this vessel 15 manifold
of oil. In this way it is possible that the catalyst oil also stops the lime residues in the circuit. A pressure line 12 is applied to the pressure side of the high-performance mixing chamber 1. This conducts the mixture of product vapor and mixed oil produced in the high performance mixing chamber 1 to an evaporator 14. This has a distributor channel 13 which subdivides the incoming oil-vapor mixture into a multitude of partial jets through sheets perforated in an annular nozzle with open end, which wet the wall and result in the largest possible surface of liquid in the evaporator 14. With this it is achieved that almost all the product is separated in the form of vapor from the liquid and can deposit up in a distillation column 18 and to the oil collecting container 15, if possible, no product is possible. A repeated splitting of product already produced in the boiling range of diesel would only reduce the amount produced and decrease the quality of the product. The charging system 3 is connected and disconnected or regulated in its speed by means of a level control container 16 which indicates and regulates the filling level in the oil collecting container 15. At the lower end of the container 16 level controller is
it has a pump 17 that conducts a small amount of oil to the charging system 3 to protect it against plugging. On the steam side of the product, in the distillation column 18, the vapor of the product of the entrained oil particles is purified by fractional distillation and condensed in the condenser 19. The water parts that are produced in the condensation are retained on the inlet side by the capacitor 19 by a dividing wall by virtue of its higher specific weight. From there the water part reaches a pH measuring vessel 20 by exchange with the product that is there with the water that sits down. In the pH meter container 20 there is a pH measuring probe 23 and a conductivity probe 22. When the water reaches the conductivity probe 22, a certain amount of water is evacuated to a container 21 of product water and from there it is evacuated to a waste water line. The lighter diesel or diesel oil product passes through the separator sheet in the condenser to the outlet side into a product line 24, with the steam product parts arriving through a line 26 to a container 25 of product to
same as the product of line 24 of product. A small part of the product returns, regulated by a return valve 28, back to the distillation column 18 to one of the upper floors 27 through the line 24. The regulation is adjusted so that the quantity regulates the reflux to the spine. This produces a different product quality for summer diesel with an average boiling temperature of 290 ° C, for winter diesel with an average boiling temperature of 270 ° C and for kerosene with an average boiling temperature of 240 ° C. The cooling of the condenser is carried out with circulating water and a return cooler 38 with a circulating water pump. Behind the product container is a vacuum pump 37 that keeps the entire system under negative pressure. The sucked gas is added to the current generator as suction air and purified in a residual air catalytic purification. As gases that are separated by aspiration of the plant, the carbon dioxides that come from the biological substances and the small amounts of gas that come eventually from lack of hermeticity are produced. This ensures that no combustible product can leave the plant. For this purpose,
Vacuum pump regulates the amount of charge and the amount of discharge of the inorganic reactive waste that is discharged at the lower end of the plant. The non-reactive parts of the input substance and the salts which are formed by the ion exchange catalyst and the added lime or soda come through a regulating valve 30 and a hot sludge pump 31 to a heating chamber 32. This is electrically heated to 550 ° C and internally has a thermally resistant evaporation vessel with the entrance of the sludge, a vapor return line to the evaporator and a screw discharge 33 for the heated inorganic substances that arrive in a waste container 34. . These are on average 1 to 3% of the input substance. The substances collected in the waste container 34 are then mixed with the water in the container 21. The metal, glass and ceramic substances that are deposited in the suspension are separated, and the suspension is filtered. The residue of the filtrate is a catalyst that can be reused. The liquid contains the salts formed and is conducted to the waste water. The containers have discharge and pressure compensation conduits, such as the charge container 2, which is connected to the distillation column by means of
a ventilation chamber with check valve 36. Otherwise, all other thermally conductive parts are doubly insulated with a mat of aluminum oxide fiber on the surface and an insulating mat on top of it. In addition, a cover plate is provided which in the turbine is configured as a closed chamber that can withstand a slight overpressure. In an exemplary embodiment, the method is explained. A high-performance mixing chamber 1 with an electric power of 200 kW sucks from a container 2 collector having a volume of 800 1 the solid substances of the Correau pump, from the Cía. Correau, Paris, a gear pump of crushing and dosing with 37 kW. The container placed above has a volumetric capacity of 2 m3. The connection line is DN50. The connection lines between the collecting vessel 4 and the oil collecting vessel 15 are relatively short to allow a high mixing effect in the collecting vessel with high oil exit velocity and regulated negative pressure. They have a diameter of 3.8 cm, and valves that regulate the negative pressure in the collector vessel 4, and specifically depending on the material found in the charging system 3. The discharge capacity with check valve 36 has a diameter of 1.90 cm.
The evaporation vessel 14 has a volumetric capacity of 2 m3, and a distribution channel 13 with a width of 80 mm and 3 rows of holes with hole diameters of 8 mm, with the internal and external rows of holes having oblique perforations pointing from the center towards the wall and towards the interior space . The oil collector vessel 15 below has a volumetric capacity of 1.5 m3 and the level container has a volume of 100 liters. The distillation column 18 has 15 floors of bells with respectively 52 bells having a diameter of 600 mm. The condenser 19 has a volume of 300 liters. The discharge system has a regulating valve DN50 with a hot mud pump without plastic parts and is connected to a thermal chamber 32, a heating furnace of the Company. Nabertherm with a capacity of 15 kW, and a steam tube 35 to the evaporator 14 which has a diameter of 3.80 was, isolated and with condensation coils. The discharge screw 33 is a screw with a diameter of 200 mm and a closing envelope on the connection with the waste container 34 with a volume of 1 m3. The line to the pH container 20 has a diameter of 3.80 cm and the pH container has a volume of 0.5 m3 with a conductivity probe 22 and a
23 pH meter. The water collector vessel 21 has a volume of 1 m 3. The device for carrying out the method is explained by FIG. 2. On the suction side of the high-performance mixing chamber 101 there is disposed a loading container 102 having inlet openings. At the upper end of the container is the first inlet opening, the collecting container 104 which by means of a loading system 103 comprising toothed wheels and an added dosing element abuts the loading container 102. The entrance openings, dry residual substance
105, residual oil from the plant or as residual substance
106, lime or soda as a neutralizing agent 107 and a catalyst 108 in the mixing funnel 109 communicate with the loading system 103 via a mixing funnel 109 and a collecting container 104. Both the mixing funnel 109 and the collecting container 104 are provided with vibrators. The other two openings in the loading container 102 are the circulating oil oil supply lines 110 of the oil collection vessel 115 and the catalyst oil supply lines 111 collected from an oil collection vessel 115, which is located at the outlet 129 of this container
115 oil collector. A pressure line 112 is applied to the pressure side of the high performance mixing chamber 101. This communicates to the high-performance mixing chamber 101 with an evaporator 114. It has a distribution channel 113 which is internally equipped with perforated plates in an annular nozzle with an open end. The loading system 103 is connected to a level control vessel 116. It contains a level indicator probe. At the lower end of the container
116, a pump 117 having a connection line to the loading system 103 is arranged. The evaporator 114 is connected to a distillation column 118 having several floors 127. At the upper end of the distillation column 118 is located a condenser 119 which has a dividing wall inside. The condenser 119 has on the input side a connection with a pH measuring vessel 120. A conductivity probe 122 is connected to the vessel which is connected electronically to a water discharge valve and a pH measuring probe 123. On the side of the condenser 119 opposite the inlet side below and above lines 124 and 126 are applied which are connected to a product container 125. In the
line 124 of the product is located a return valve 128 which with a connecting line is connected to the distillation column 118. The return valve 128 is connected to an electronic regulating device which adjusts to a temperature measurement. This regulatory device has the indications for summer diesel, winter diesel and kerosene. The condenser 119 is connected on the cooling side with a return cooler 138 with a circulating water pump. After the product container 125 there is a vacuum pump 137, which is thereby connected to all parts of the plant. At the lower end of the oil collector vessel 115 the regulating valve 130 is located. This is connected to a hot mud pump 131 and a thermal chamber 132. It is located in an electrically heated furnace and has a steam pipe 135 near the inlet of the hot mud pump 131. This line is also isolated and has condensation coils with discharge keys and ends in an evaporator vessel 114. The thermal chamber 132 has on the outlet side a discharge screw 133 which is connected to a waste container 134. The waste container 134 is disposed
downstream of a suspension chamber comprising a connection line to the product water container 121 and has two outlets. The outlet on the upper side is connected to a filter press suitable for catalyst sludge, and the lower side is connected to a container for valuable ceramic, metal and gas substances. The containers have discharge and pressure compensation lines, such as the loading container 102, which is connected to the distillation column 118 by a ventilation chamber with a check valve 136. Additionally, all heat conducting parts are double insulated with a mat of aluminum oxide fibers on the surface and an insulating mat on top of it. To the outside there is a cover plate that is configured in the turbine as a closed chamber that can withstand a slight overpressure. In an exemplary embodiment, the device is explained. A high performance mixing chamber 101 with an electric power of 200 kW has a connecting line with a collector vessel 2 having a volume of 800 1. This has an upward connection line with the Correau pump, of the Company. Correau, Paris, a gear pump of crushing and dosing with 37 kW. The container placed above has a volumetric capacity
of 2 m3. The connection line is DN50. The connecting lines between the loading container 102 and the oil collecting container 115 are relatively short and have a diameter of 3.80 cm and valves that regulate the negative pressure in the loading container 102, and specifically depending on the material found. at the filling level of the loading system 103. The discharge line with check valve 136 has a diameter of 1.90 cm. The evaporator 114 has a volumetric capacity of 2 m3, and a distribution channel 113 with a width of 80 mm and three rows of holes with a hole diameter of 8 mm, the inner and outer rows of holes comprising oblique perforations that point from the center towards the wall and towards the interior space. The oil collector vessel 115 located below has a volume of 1.5 m and the level control vessel has a volume of 100 liters. The distillation column 118 has 15 floors of bells with respectively 52 bells having a diameter of 600 mm. The condenser 19 has a volume of 300 liters. The discharge system has a regulator valve DN50 with a hot mud pump 131 without plastic parts and is connected to the thermal chamber 32, a heating furnace of the Company. Nabertherm with
capacity of 15 k, and a steam tube 35 to the evaporator 14 having a diameter of 3.80 cm, insulated and provided with condensing coils. The discharge screw 133 is a screw with a diameter of 200 mm and a closing envelope on the connection with the waste container 134 with a volume of 1 m3. The line to the pH measuring vessel 120 has a diameter of 3.80 cm and the pH measuring vessel has a volume of 0.5 m3 with a conduction capacity probe 122 and a pH measuring probe 123. The product water collector 121 has a volume of 1 m 3.
List of reference symbols No. Designation 1, 101 High performance mixing chamber 2, 102 Charging container 3, 103 Charging system 4, 104 Collecting vessel 5, 105 Residual substance 6, 106 Residual substance 7, 107 Neutralizing agent (lime or soda) 8, 108 Catalyst 9, 109 Funnel mixer 10, 110 Circulating oil supply line
11, 111 Harvested catalyst oil feed line 12, 112 Pressure line 13, 113 Distribution channel 14, 114 Evaporator 15, 115 Oil collection vessel 16, 116 Level control vessel 17, 117 Pump 18, 118 Column of distillation 19, 119 Condenser 20, 120 pH measuring vessel 21, 121 Product water container 22, 122 Conductivity probe 23, 123 pH measuring probe 24, 124 Product line 25, 125 Product container 26, 126 Line 27, 127 Floor 28, 128 Return valve 29, 129 Exit 30, 130 Regulating valve 31, 131 Hot mud pump 32, 132 Thermal chamber 33, 133 Discharge screw 34, 134 Waste container
Steam tube Check valve Vacuum pump Return cooler