MD862Z - Process for growing tobacco plants - Google Patents
Process for growing tobacco plants Download PDFInfo
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- MD862Z MD862Z MDS20140109A MDS20140109A MD862Z MD 862 Z MD862 Z MD 862Z MD S20140109 A MDS20140109 A MD S20140109A MD S20140109 A MDS20140109 A MD S20140109A MD 862 Z MD862 Z MD 862Z
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- tobacco
- virus
- plants
- tobacco plants
- seeds
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241000293859 Verbascum phlomoides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000723873 Tobacco mosaic virus Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 7
- QFRYQWYZSQDFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N verbascoside Natural products CC1OC(COC2C(O)C(COC3OC(C(O)C(O)C3O)C(=O)O)OC(Oc4cc(O)cc5OC(=CC(=O)c45)c6ccc(O)c(O)c6)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O QFRYQWYZSQDFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229930185047 nicotianoside Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930182486 flavonoid glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000007955 flavonoid glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- FQMSOJMRNXFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 26-O-beta-D-glucopyransoyl-(25R)-5beta-furostane-3beta,22xi,26-triol 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1->)]-beta-D-glucopyranside Natural products O1C(CO)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1OCC(C)CCC(C(C1C2(C)CCC3C4(C)CC5)C)(O)OC1CC2C3CCC4CC5OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC1OC(C)C(O)C(O)C1O FQMSOJMRNXFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- KMOUJOKENFFTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Apigenin-7-glucosid Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C=C(C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)OC2=C1 KMOUJOKENFFTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002534 steroid glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Invenţia se referă la agricultură, în particular la un procedeu de cultivare a plantelor de tutun, şi poate fi utilizată pentru sporirea rezistenţei acestora la virusul mozaicul tutunului, virusul petelor de bronz şi Y-virusul cartofului. The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method of cultivating tobacco plants, and can be used to increase their resistance to tobacco mosaic virus, bronze spot virus and potato Y-virus.
Este cunoscut procedeul de tratare a seminţelor de tutun cu soluţie apoasă de glicozidă steroidică nicotianozidă E, obţinută din seminţe de tutun, însă eficienţa acestui procedeu este relativ nesemnificativă [1]. The process of treating tobacco seeds with an aqueous solution of the steroid glycoside nicotianoside E, obtained from tobacco seeds, is known, but the efficiency of this process is relatively insignificant [1].
Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în faptul că nicotianozida E se obţine doar din seminţe de tutun, din care motiv randamentul de obţinere a acestora este destul de mic. În afară de aceasta, pentru a obţine seminţe trebuie cultivate plantele de tutun, astfel accesibilitatea materiei prime este limitată considerabil. The disadvantage of this process is that nicotianoside E is only obtained from tobacco seeds, which is why the yield of obtaining them is quite low. In addition, to obtain seeds, tobacco plants must be cultivated, so the accessibility of the raw material is considerably limited.
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia constă în sporirea rezistenţei plantelor de tutun la viroze prin tratarea seminţelor şi a răsadurilor de tutun cu un preparat de origine naturală şi lărgirea sortimentului de substanţe biologic active naturale cu acţiune virotică, inofensive pentru mediul ambiant. The problem solved by the invention consists in increasing the resistance of tobacco plants to viruses by treating tobacco seeds and seedlings with a preparation of natural origin and expanding the range of natural biologically active substances with virotic action, harmless to the environment.
Procedeul, conform invenţiei, include înmuierea seminţelor înainte de semănat timp de 24 ore şi tratarea extraradiculară a răsadurilor în faza de urechiuşe cu soluţie apoasă de 0,01…0,1% de glicozide obţinute din planta Verbascum phlomoides L. prin extragere la fierbere cu soluţie hidrometanolică. The process, according to the invention, includes soaking the seeds before sowing for 24 hours and extra-radicular treatment of the seedlings in the ear stage with an aqueous solution of 0.01…0.1% of glycosides obtained from the plant Verbascum phlomoides L. by boiling extraction with hydromethanolic solution.
Rezultatul tehnic al invenţiei constă în aceea că glicozidele obţinute din planta Verbascum phlomoides L. (verbascozide sumare; VS) reduc considerabil numărul de plante infectate cu virusul mozaicul tutunului (VMT), virusul petelor de bronz (VPB) şi Y-virusul cartofului (YVC). The technical result of the invention consists in the fact that the glycosides obtained from the plant Verbascum phlomoides L. (summary verbascosides; VS) considerably reduce the number of plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus (TVM), bronze spot virus (BSP) and potato Y-virus (PTV).
Pentru obţinerea verbascozidelor sumare partea aeriană a plantei Verbascum phlomoides L. a fost mărunţită şi extrasă cu soluţie hidrometanolcă de 80% de 3 ori prin fierbere. Extractele au fost unite şi concentrate prin distilare în vid. Reziduul apos a fost extras cu acetat de etil, extractele au fost concentrate până la rest apos prin distilare în vid. Din restul apos au fost precipitate cu cloroform glicozidele flavonoidice sumare, numite verbascozide. Verbascozidele sumare au fost cromatografiate multiplu pe coloane cu poliamidă. Coloanele au fost eluate cu cloroform, apoi cu amestec de cloroform:metanol (3:7 vol/vol), eluatele au fost analizate prin cromatografiere în strat subţire, cele cu conţinut identic au fost unite şi concentrate prin evaporare până la uscat. Ca rezultat s-au obţinut glicozidele flavonoidice - verbascozidele sumare. Fracţiunea cu un conţinut predominant de glicozide cu valorile constantelor cromatografice Rf cuprinse între 0,64…0,5 a fost concentrată prin distilare în vid până la uscat. În reziduul uscat au fost detectate cu ajutorul cromatografiei în strat subţire de silicagel 2 glicozide flavonoidice majore, structura cărora a fost stabilită după separare prin cromatografierea pe coloane cu poliamidă, cu ajutorul procedeelor fizico-chimice, spectroscopiei 1H şi 13C RMN. Astfel, în extractul sumar au fost identificate prin comparare cu datele bibliografice următoarele substanţe: 3-chempferolul (Gang Chen, Huizi Jin, Xuefeng Li, et.al. Химия природных соединений, р.607, 2009) şi apigenin-7-O-glucopiranozida (X.F. Zhu, H.X. Zhang, Химия природных соединений, p. 801, 1972). To obtain the total verbascosides, the aerial part of the plant Verbascum phlomoides L. was crushed and extracted with 80% hydromethanol solution 3 times by boiling. The extracts were combined and concentrated by vacuum distillation. The aqueous residue was extracted with ethyl acetate, the extracts were concentrated to an aqueous residue by vacuum distillation. From the aqueous residue, the total flavonoid glycosides, called verbascosides, were precipitated with chloroform. The total verbascosides were chromatographed multiple times on polyamide columns. The columns were eluted with chloroform, then with a mixture of chloroform:methanol (3:7 vol/vol), the eluates were analyzed by thin layer chromatography, those with identical content were combined and concentrated by evaporation to dryness. As a result, the flavonoid glycosides - total verbascosides - were obtained. The fraction with a predominant content of glycosides with the values of chromatographic constants Rf ranging from 0.64…0.5 was concentrated by vacuum distillation to dryness. In the dry residue, 2 major flavonoid glycosides were detected using silica gel thin layer chromatography, the structure of which was established after separation by polyamide column chromatography, using physicochemical procedures, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Thus, the following substances were identified in the summary extract by comparison with bibliographic data: 3-chempferol (Gang Chen, Huizi Jin, Xuefeng Li, et.al. Химия природных соединения, p. 607, 2009) and apigenin-7-O-glucopyranoside (X.F. Zhu, H.X. Zhang, Химия природных соединения, p. 801, 1972).
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention
Cercetările au fost efectuate în condiţii de seră şi câmp la plantele de tutun de soiul Moldavschii 456. The research was conducted under greenhouse and field conditions on tobacco plants of the Moldavschii 456 variety.
Înainte de semănat, o parte de seminţe au fost turnate în săculeţe de bumbac şi înmuiate în soluţii apoase de VS în concentraţiile 0,01; 0,05; 0,1% (invenţia propusă); altă parte au fost înmuiate în soluţie apoasă de nicotianozidă cu concentraţia de 0,1% (cea mai apropiată soluţie) timp de 24 ore la temperatura de 18…20°C. În calitate de martor au servit seminţele înmuiate în apă. Seminţele înmuiate au fost puse în termostat pentru încolţire la temperatura de 28°C timp de 3 zile. Before sowing, some seeds were poured into cotton bags and soaked in aqueous solutions of VS in concentrations of 0.01; 0.05; 0.1% (the proposed invention); another part was soaked in an aqueous solution of nicotianoside with a concentration of 0.1% (the closest solution) for 24 hours at a temperature of 18…20°C. Seeds soaked in water served as a control. The soaked seeds were placed in a thermostat for germination at a temperature of 28°C for 3 days.
După încolţire, seminţele au fost semănate în seră pe parcele cu suprafaţa de 1m2 în patru repetări pentru fiecare variantă. În faza de urechiuşe, înainte de plantare, răsadurile de tutun au fost stropite cu aceleaşi substanţe şi în aceleaşi concentratii ca şi seminţele. Datele obţinute denotă că concentraţia optimală a VS este de 0,1%. After germination, the seeds were sown in the greenhouse on plots with an area of 1m2 in four repetitions for each variant. In the ear stage, before planting, the tobacco seedlings were sprayed with the same substances and in the same concentrations as the seeds. The data obtained indicate that the optimal concentration of VS is 0.1%.
Răsadurile au fost plantate în câmp pe parcele în 4 repetări pentru a crea ambele fonduri: natural şi infectat. Pentru crearea fondului infectat aspru fiecare parcelă a fost împărţită în două părţi: fond rigid şi fond natural. Pe parcursul vegetaţiei au fost notate fenofazele şi biometria plantelor, numărul plantelor infectate cu viroze a fost exprimat în procente (vezi tabelul). The seedlings were planted in the field on plots in 4 replications to create both natural and infected backgrounds. To create the rough infected background each plot was divided into two parts: rough background and natural background. During the vegetation, the phenophases and biometry of the plants were noted, the number of plants infected with viruses was expressed in percentages (see table).
Tabelul 1. Table 1.
Influenţa verbascozidelor sumare asupra rezistenţei plantelor de tutun la viroze The influence of verbascosides on the resistance of tobacco plants to viruses
Nr.d/o Varianta Viroza mozaicul tutunului (VMT) Viroza petelor de bronz (VPB) Y-viroza cartofului (YVC) Fondul infectat natural, % 1 Martor (H2O) 45,2 35,1 42,7 2 Nicotianozidă 0,1% 2,9 2,5 2,3 3 VS 0,01% 2,3 2,3 2,3 4 VS 0,05% 2,9 2,5 2,6 5 VS 0,1% 1,8 1,5 1,7 Fondul rigid infectat artificial, % 1 Martor (H2O) 96,7 61,3 73,4 2 Nicotianozidă 0,1% 8,8 5,6 8,5 3 VS 0,01% 8,3 5,8 8,3 4 VS 0,05% 10,9 9,5 12,3 5 VS 0,1% 7,6 5,2 7,9No.d/o Variant Tobacco mosaic virus (VMT) Bronze spot virus (VPB) Potato Y-virus (YVC) Naturally infected background, % 1 Control (H2O) 45.2 35.1 42.7 2 Nicotianoside 0.1% 2.9 2.5 2.3 3 VS 0.01% 2.3 2.3 2.3 4 VS 0.05% 2.9 2.5 2.6 5 VS 0.1% 1.8 1.5 1.7 Artificially infected rigid background, % 1 Control (H2O) 96.7 61.3 73.4 2 Nicotianoside 0.1% 8.8 5.6 8.5 3 VS 0.01% 8.3 5.8 8.3 4 VS 0.05% 10.9 9.5 12.3 5 VS 0.1% 7.6 5.2 7.9
Rezultatele obţinute denotă că tratarea seminţelor şi a răsadurilor de tutun cu VS în concentraţie de 0,1% sporeşte semnificativ rezistenţa plantelor la viroze. Pe ambele fonduri este redus considerabil numărul de plante infectate cu virusurile VMT, VPB, YVC. Pe fondul rigid infectat artificial, în aceeaşi variantă, numai 7,6% din plante au fost infectate cu virusul VMT, pe când în varianta martor 96,7% din plante au fost infectate, iar în varianta nicotianozidă - 8,8%. Plantele au devenit în mare măsură imune la cele trei tipuri de viroze pe ambele fonduri. The results obtained show that the treatment of tobacco seeds and seedlings with VS in a concentration of 0.1% significantly increases the resistance of plants to viruses. On both substrates, the number of plants infected with the VMT, VPB, YVC viruses is considerably reduced. On the rigid artificially infected substrate, in the same variant, only 7.6% of the plants were infected with the VMT virus, while in the control variant 96.7% of the plants were infected, and in the nicotianoside variant - 8.8%. The plants became largely immune to the three types of viruses on both substrates.
Prin urmare, procedeul elaborat este tehnologic simplu, eficient şi permite utilizarea substanţelor naturale ecologic inofensive － verbascozidelor, obţinute din planta spontană Verbascum phlomoides L., în agricultură în calitate de substanţe ce sporesc considerabil rezistenţa plantelor de tutun la virusuri şi contribuie la creşterea recoltei şi a calităţii materiei prime de tutun. Therefore, the developed process is technologically simple, efficient and allows the use of ecologically harmless natural substances - verbascosides, obtained from the spontaneous plant Verbascum phlomoides L., in agriculture as substances that considerably increase the resistance of tobacco plants to viruses and contribute to increasing the yield and quality of tobacco raw material.
1. MD 2653 F1 2005.01.31 1. MD 2653 F1 2005.01.31
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDS20140109A MD862Z (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | Process for growing tobacco plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDS20140109A MD862Z (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | Process for growing tobacco plants |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MD862Y MD862Y (en) | 2015-01-31 |
| MD862Z true MD862Z (en) | 2015-08-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDS20140109A MD862Z (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | Process for growing tobacco plants |
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| Country | Link |
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| MD (1) | MD862Z (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2740812C1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-21 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий (ФГБНУ ВНИИТТИ) | Method of stimulating the growth and protection of tobacco plants from blackleg |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD901Z (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-12-31 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for presowing treatment of cucumber seeds |
| MD1042Z (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-01-31 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for treating young pear trees |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD385C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizer to the tobacco tronzing virus |
| MD369C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizator |
| MD368C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizator |
| MD555G2 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1996-12-31 | Институт Генетики И Физиологии Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Method of obtaining of steroidal glycosides |
| MD2653F1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-01-31 | Institutul De Genetica Al Academiei De Stiinte A Republicii Moldova | Process for tobacco cultivation |
| MD289Y (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2010-11-30 | Institutul De Genetica Si Fiziologie A Plantelor Al Academiei De Stiinte A Moldovei | Nutrient medium for germination of sweet pepper Capsicum annuum L. pollen |
| MD328Y (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-02-28 | Inst De Genetica Si Fiziol A Plantelor Al Academiei De Stiinte A Moldovei | Process for presowing treatment of sweet pepper seeds |
-
2014
- 2014-08-15 MD MDS20140109A patent/MD862Z/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD385C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizer to the tobacco tronzing virus |
| MD369C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizator |
| MD368C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizator |
| MD555G2 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1996-12-31 | Институт Генетики И Физиологии Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Method of obtaining of steroidal glycosides |
| MD2653F1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-01-31 | Institutul De Genetica Al Academiei De Stiinte A Republicii Moldova | Process for tobacco cultivation |
| MD289Y (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2010-11-30 | Institutul De Genetica Si Fiziologie A Plantelor Al Academiei De Stiinte A Moldovei | Nutrient medium for germination of sweet pepper Capsicum annuum L. pollen |
| MD328Y (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-02-28 | Inst De Genetica Si Fiziol A Plantelor Al Academiei De Stiinte A Moldovei | Process for presowing treatment of sweet pepper seeds |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2740812C1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-21 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий (ФГБНУ ВНИИТТИ) | Method of stimulating the growth and protection of tobacco plants from blackleg |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MD862Y (en) | 2015-01-31 |
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