MD729Z - Process for cultivation of plants Phaseolus vulgaris L. - Google Patents
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Abstract
Invenţia se referă la agricultură, şi anume la un procedeu de cultivare a plantelor de Phaseolus vulgaris L.Procedeul, conform invenţiei, include tratarea seminţelor înainte de semănat şi a plantelor în fazele de butonizare-înflorire şi de creştere a păstăilor cu o soluţie apoasă de azotat de trans-bis(dimetilglioximato)bis(nicotinamid)cobalt(III)dihidrat de 0,0001…0,01% mas., totodată seminţele se înmoaie în soluţie timp de 2 ore, la un raport de 1:1, iar plantele se tratează cu un consum de 200 L/ha.The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a process for growing plants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. The process, according to the invention, includes the treatment of seeds before sowing and of the plants in the button-flowering and flowering phases of the aqueous solution with aqueous solution. trans-bis (dimethylglyoximato) bis (nicotinamide) cobalt (III) dihydrate 0.0001… 0.01% mass, at the same time the seeds are soaked in solution for 2 hours at a ratio of 1: 1 and the plants it is treated with a consumption of 200 L / ha.
Description
Invenţia se referă la agricultură, şi anume la un procedeu de cultivare a plantelor de Phaseolus vulgaris L. The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a process for cultivating Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants.
Este cunoscut procedeul de cultivare a plantelor prin tratarea seminţelor înainte de semănat şi aparatului foliar cu o soluţie apoasă de 0,001% mas. de substanţă biologic activă - heteroauxină (AIA) [1]. Tratamentul are influenţă benefică asupra productivităţii şi recoltei plantelor. Dezavantajul procedeului constă în eficienţa scăzută şi preţul de cost mare al substanţei. The process of cultivating plants by treating seeds before sowing and the leaf apparatus with an aqueous solution of 0.001% by mass of biologically active substance - heteroauxin (AIA) is known [1]. The treatment has a beneficial influence on the productivity and yield of plants. The disadvantage of the process is the low efficiency and high cost price of the substance.
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia propusă este sporirea producţiei de boabe la o unitate de suprafaţă a solului atât în condiţii favorabile de umiditate, cât şi în condiţii de secetă. The problem solved by the proposed invention is to increase grain production per unit of soil surface area both under favorable moisture conditions and under drought conditions.
Invenţia soluţionează problema prin aceea că include tratarea seminţelor înainte de semănat şi a plantelor în fazele de butonizare-înflorire şi de creştere a păstăilor cu o soluţie apoasă de azotat de trans-bis(dimetilglioximato)bis(nicotinamid)cobalt(III)dihidrat de 0,0001…0,01% mas., totodată seminţele se înmoaie în soluţie timp de 2 ore, la un raport de 1:1, iar plantele se tratează cu un consum de 200 L/ha. The invention solves the problem by including the treatment of seeds before sowing and of plants in the budding-flowering and pod growth phases with an aqueous solution of trans-bis(dimethylglyoximato)bis(nicotinamide)cobalt(III) nitrate dihydrate of 0.0001…0.01% by mass, at the same time the seeds are soaked in the solution for 2 hours, at a ratio of 1:1, and the plants are treated with a consumption of 200 L/ha.
Criteriile ce argumentează invenţia ca procedeu nou sunt: a) utilizarea în calitate de substanţă biologic activă a unui compus chimic nou, sintetizat în baza nicotinamidei (vitaminei PP), care în condiţii normale se conţine în toate plantele; b) utilizarea preparatului asigură un efect veridic mai bun asupra creşterii, dezvoltării, conţinutului de pigmenţi asimilatori şi recoltei plantelor atât în condiţii favorabile de umiditate, cât şi în condiţii de secetă, ceea ce demonstrează activitatea mai înaltă a preparatului nou comparativ cu cea mai apropiată soluţie. The criteria that argue the invention as a new process are: a) the use as a biologically active substance of a new chemical compound, synthesized based on nicotinamide (vitamin PP), which under normal conditions is contained in all plants; b) the use of the preparation ensures a better true effect on the growth, development, content of assimilative pigments and the harvest of plants both in favorable humidity conditions and in drought conditions, which demonstrates the higher activity of the new preparation compared to the closest solution.
Rezultatul tehnic al procedeului nou constă în majorarea producţiei de boabe comparativ cu cea mai apropiată soluţie tehnică cu 4,6% în condiţii optime şi cu 9,41% - în condiţii de secetă; comparativ cu plantele martor tratarea conform procedeului nou asigură un spor de producţie cu 19,9 la sută în condiţii optime de umiditate şi cu 30,37% - în condiţii de secetă. The technical result of the new process consists in increasing grain production compared to the closest technical solution by 4.6% in optimal conditions and by 9.41% - in drought conditions; compared to the control plants, treatment according to the new process ensures a production increase of 19.9 percent in optimal humidity conditions and by 30.37% - in drought conditions.
Caracteristica preparatului şi metoda de sinteză Characteristics of the preparation and method of synthesis
Preparatul, numit Conimid reprezintă un compus coordinativ cu denumirea azotat de trans- bis (dimetilglioximato) bis (nicotinamid)cobalt(III)dihidrat şi formula [Co(DmgH)2(PP)2]NO3·2H2O, în care: DmgH - monoanion de dimetilglioximă (CH3-C(=NOH)-C(=NO-)-CH3); PP - vitamina PP (amida acidului nicotinic, 3-CONH2-C5H4N). The preparation, called Conimid, is a coordination compound with the name trans-bis (dimethylglyoximato) bis (nicotinamide)cobalt(III) dihydrate nitrate and the formula [Co(DmgH)2(PP)2]NO3·2H2O, where: DmgH - dimethylglyoxime monoanion (CH3-C(=NOH)-C(=NO-)-CH3); PP - vitamin PP (nicotinic acid amide, 3-CONH2-C5H4N).
Metoda de sinteză Synthesis method
Într-un balon pentru oxidare se iau 0,29 g (0,001 mol) Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 0,23 g (0,002 mol) dimetilglioximă în 100 ml de amestec de apă:metanol în raport de volum 1:1. Amestecul reactant se încălzeşte la baia de apă la temperatura de 50…60°C până la dizolvarea completă a dimetilglioximei. La soluţia obţinută se adaugă 0,24 g (0,002 mol) nicotinamidă dizolvată în 50 ml metanol, după care se oxidează cu oxigenul din aer timp de 30 minute. Ca rezultat se formează un produs cristalin de culoare cafeniu-deschis cu un randament de 70% faţă de cel teoretic calculat. Substanţa este solubilă în apă, metanol, etanol şi insolubilă în eter dietilic. In an oxidation flask, 0.29 g (0.001 mol) Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 0.23 g (0.002 mol) dimethylglyoxime are taken in 100 ml of a mixture of water:methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1. The reaction mixture is heated in a water bath at a temperature of 50…60°C until the dimethylglyoxime is completely dissolved. 0.24 g (0.002 mol) nicotinamide dissolved in 50 ml of methanol is added to the obtained solution, after which it is oxidized with oxygen from the air for 30 minutes. As a result, a light brown crystalline product is formed with a yield of 70% compared to the theoretically calculated one. The substance is soluble in water, methanol, ethanol and insoluble in diethyl ether.
Rezultatele analizei elementelor, %: Co 9,50; C 38,17; H 4,62; N 19,51. Elemental analysis results, %: Co 9.50; C 38.17; H 4.62; N 19.51.
Pentru C20H30CoN9O11 calculat, %: Co 9,33; C 38,04; H 4,79; N 19,96. For C20H30CoN9O11 calculated, %: Co 9.33; C 38.04; H 4.79; N 19.96.
În spectrul IR se manifestă benzile de absorbţie ce caracterizează trans-dimetilglioximaţii cobaltului(III) cu nicotinamida: νas(NH2) 3379 cm-1, νs(NH2) 3203 cm-1, ν(C=O) 1694 şi 1674 cm-1, δ(NH2) 1604 cm-1, δas(CH3) 1446 cm-1, δs(CH3) 1384 cm-1, νas(NO) 1234 cm-1, νs(NO) 1093 cm-1, δ(CHarom.) în plan 1135 şi 1067 cm-1, δ(CHarom.) în afara planului 755 cm-1. The IR spectrum shows the absorption bands that characterize the trans-dimethylglyoximates of cobalt(III) with nicotinamide: νas(NH2) 3379 cm-1, νs(NH2) 3203 cm-1, ν(C=O) 1694 and 1674 cm-1, δ(NH2) 1604 cm-1, δas(CH3) 1446 cm-1, δs(CH3) 1384 cm-1, νas(NO) 1234 cm-1, νs(NO) 1093 cm-1, δ(CHarom.) in-plane 1135 and 1067 cm-1, δ(CHarom.) out-of-plane 755 cm-1.
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention
În serii de experienţe de laborator şi în condiţii de vegetaţie s-a studiat efectul tratării seminţelor înainte de semănat şi plantelor în timpul creşterii vegetative - la fazele butonizare-înflorire şi creşterea păstăilor, conform celei mai apropiate soluţii tehnice şi invenţiei, asupra creşterii şi dezvoltării plantelor de fasolea obişnuită. Experienţele s-au realizat conform schemei: I variantă - plante din seminţe tratate cu apă (martor); a II-a variantă - plante din seminţe tratate cu soluţie apoasă de heteroauxină în concentraţie de 0,001% (cea mai apropiată soluţie tehnică); a III-a variantă - plante din seminţe tratate conform invenţiei prin înmuiere timp de 2 ore cu soluţie apoasă de Conimid, luate în raport 1:1. Pentru determinarea concentraţiei fiziologic optime a soluţiei de Conimid s-a investigat efectul soluţiilor cu concentraţii în diapazonul 0,0001…0,1% mas. asupra creşterii plantelor la etapele iniţiale ale ontogenezei (tab. 1). In a series of laboratory experiments and under vegetation conditions, the effect of treating seeds before sowing and plants during vegetative growth - at the budding-flowering and pod growth phases, according to the closest technical solution and the invention, on the growth and development of common bean plants was studied. The experiments were carried out according to the scheme: I variant - plants from seeds treated with water (control); II variant - plants from seeds treated with an aqueous solution of heteroauxin in a concentration of 0.001% (the closest technical solution); III variant - plants from seeds treated according to the invention by soaking for 2 hours with an aqueous solution of Conimid, taken in a 1:1 ratio. In order to determine the physiologically optimal concentration of the Conimid solution, the effect of solutions with concentrations in the range of 0.0001…0.1% by mass was investigated. on plant growth at the initial stages of ontogenesis (tab. 1).
Rezultatele obţinute au demonstrat că preparatul nou este fiziologic activ în diapazonul de concentraţii 0,0001…0,01%. Efect major se obţine de la utilizarea soluţiei cu concentraţia 0,001%. Tratarea seminţelor cu astfel de soluţie asigură intensificarea proceselor de creştere a plantelor cu 51,52% comparativ cu creşterea plantelor martor şi cu 35,98% - comparativ cu plantele din seminţele tratate cu AIA conform celei mai apropiate soluţii. The results obtained demonstrated that the new preparation is physiologically active in the concentration range of 0.0001…0.01%. The major effect is obtained from the use of the solution with a concentration of 0.001%. Treatment of seeds with such a solution ensures the intensification of plant growth processes by 51.52% compared to the growth of control plants and by 35.98% - compared to plants from seeds treated with AIA according to the closest solution.
Tabelul 1 Table 1
Efectul tratării seminţelor de Phaseolus vulgaris L. soiul Porumbiţa cu SBA asupra creşterii The effect of treating Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivar Porumbiţa seeds with SBA on growth
plantelor la etapele iniţiale ale ontogenezei plants at the initial stages of ontogenesis
Variante Lungimea, mm Masa, g Eficienţa, % martor hipocotilului rădăcinii hipocotilului rădăcinii plantulei Martor 26,73±0,85 63,80±2,10 0,62±0,01 0,23±0,009 0,88±0,03 AIA, 0,001% 33,44±0,91 65,00±2,18 0,64±0,02 0,26±0,007 0,90±0,02 8,67 Conimid, 0,1% 27,04±0,88 25,83±0,96 0,40±0,009 0,11±0,002 0,51±0,02 -41,60 Conimid, 0,01% 39,63±0,99 62,13±2,09 0,75±0,007 0,22±0,004 0,94±0,03 12,35 Conimid, 0,001% 47,24±1,02 90,15±3,07 0,77±0,009 0,33±0,009 1,11±0,05 51,52 Conimid, 0,0001% 39,58±0,99 76,06±2,18 0,66±0,006 0,17±0,008 0,85±0,03 27,44Variants Length, mm Mass, g Efficiency, % control hypocotyl root hypocotyl root seedling Control 26.73±0.85 63.80±2.10 0.62±0.01 0.23±0.009 0.88±0.03 AIA, 0.001% 33.44±0.91 65.00±2.18 0.64±0.02 0.26±0.007 0.90±0.02 8.67 Conimid, 0.1% 27.04±0.88 25.83±0.96 0.40±0.009 0.11±0.002 0.51±0.02 -41.60 Conimid, 0.01% 39.63±0.99 62.13±2.09 0.75±0.007 0.22±0.004 0.94±0.03 12.35 Conimide, 0.001% 47.24±1.02 90.15±3.07 0.77±0.009 0.33±0.009 1.11±0.05 51.52 Conimid, 0.0001% 39.58±0.99 76.06±2.18 0.66±0.006 0.17±0.008 0.85±0.03 27.44
Plantele tratate conform invenţiei se caracterizează prin intensificarea proceselor de asimilare a carbonului, transpiraţiei şi eficienţei utilizării apei comparativ cu plantele tratate conform celei mai apropiate soluţii şi, îndeosebi, comparativ cu plantele martor. Datele sunt prezentate în tabelul 2. Plants treated according to the invention are characterized by increased carbon assimilation, transpiration and water use efficiency compared to plants treated according to the closest solution and, in particular, compared to control plants. The data are presented in Table 2.
Tabelul 2 Table 2
Efectul SBA asupra intensităţii fotosintezei, transpiraţiei şi conductibilităţii stomatelor frunzelor şi eficienţei utilizării apei de către plantele de Phaseolus vulgaris L. în condiţiile secetei din anul 2012 The effect of SBA on the intensity of photosynthesis, transpiration and conductance of leaf stomata and water use efficiency by Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants under drought conditions in 2012
Variante Intensitatea fotosintezei, Mm/m2/h Intensitatea transpiraţiei, Mm/m2/h EUA,* MmCO2/MmH2O Conductibilitatea stomatală, Mm/m2/h Martor 3,59 ±0,09 1,31± 0,009 2,74±0,08 0,015±0,0002 AIA 4,35 ±0,08 1,53 ±0,006 2,84 ±0,06 0,018±0,0004 Conimid 5,04 ±0,07 1,70 ±0,005 2,96 ±0,07 0,020±0,0008Variants Photosynthesis intensity, Mm/m2/h Transpiration intensity, Mm/m2/h EUA,* MmCO2/MmH2O Stomatal conductance, Mm/m2/h Control 3.59 ±0.09 1.31± 0.009 2.74±0.08 0.015±0.0002 AIA 4.35 ±0.08 1.53 ±0.006 2.84 ±0.06 0.018±0.0004 Conimid 5.04 ±0.07 1.70 ±0.005 2.96 ±0.07 0.020±0.0008
*EUA - eficienţa utilizării apei *EUA - water use efficiency
Rezultatele obţinute demonstrează că procesele de asimilare a carbonului şi eficienţa utilizării apei de către plantele tratate conform invenţiei sunt veridic mai mari comparativ cu procesele vitale, care au loc în plantele tratate conform celei mai apropiate soluţii şi, îndeosebi, cu plantele martor (tab. 2). Intensitatea fotosintezei creşte sub influenţa heteroauxinei cu ≈ 21,2 la sută; sub influenţa Conimid-ului - cu ≈ 40,4 la sută de la valoarea indiciului plantelor martor. Tratamentul conform celei mai apropiate soluţii a asigurat utilizarea mai eficientă a apei de către plante pentru crearea unei unităţi de producţie cu 3,75%; conform invenţiei - cu 8,03% comparativ cu martorul. The results obtained demonstrate that the processes of carbon assimilation and the efficiency of water use by the plants treated according to the invention are veridically higher compared to the vital processes, which take place in the plants treated according to the closest solution and, in particular, with the control plants (tab. 2). The intensity of photosynthesis increases under the influence of heteroauxin by ≈ 21.2 percent; under the influence of Conimid - by ≈ 40.4 percent from the value of the index of the control plants. The treatment according to the closest solution ensured more efficient use of water by the plants for the creation of a production unit by 3.75%; according to the invention - by 8.03% compared to the control.
Utilizarea substanţelor biologic active a avut un impact pozitiv asupra productivităţii plantelor (tab. 3). The use of biologically active substances had a positive impact on plant productivity (Table 3).
Tabelul 3 Table 3
Indicii de productivitate a plantelor de Phaseolus vulgaris L., tratate cu SBA Productivity indices of Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants, treated with SBA
Variante Productivitatea, g / plantă Numărul boabelor, buc./plantă Masa a 1000 de boabe, g M±m Δ, % M±m Δ, % M±m Δ, % Martor 9,11±0,31* 6,42±0,20** 57,85±1,21 40,67±1,02 162,33±4,1 157,86±3,1 AIA 10,50±0,39 7,65±0,19 +15,26 +19,15 60,48±1,17 46,27±1,08 +4,56 +13,77 173,62±2,1 165,32±2,2 +6,95 +4,73 Conimid 11,73±0,39 8,37±0,21 +28,76 +30,37 64,93±1,12 49,16±1,98 +12,24 +20,87 180,65±4,0 170,25±3,0 +11,29 +7,85Variants Productivity, g / plant Number of grains, pcs./plant Weight of 1000 grains, g M±m Δ, % M±m Δ, % M±m Δ, % Control 9.11±0.31* 6.42±0.20** 57.85±1.21 40.67±1.02 162.33±4.1 157.86±3.1 AIA 10.50±0.39 7.65±0.19 +15.26 +19.15 60.48±1.17 46.27±1.08 +4.56 +13.77 173.62±2.1 165.32±2.2 +6.95 +4.73 Conimid 11.73±0.39 8.37±0.21 +28.76 +30.37 64.93±1.12 49.16±1.98 +12.24 +20.87 180.65±4.0 170.25±3.0 +11.29 +7.85
*- indicii plantelor pe fond optim de umiditate; *- plant indices at optimal humidity;
** - indicii plantelor pe fond de insuficienţă de umiditate. ** - plant indices due to insufficient moisture.
1. Полевой В. В. Роль ауксина в системах регуляции у растений. Ленинградское отделение, Наука, 1986, c. 28, 42 1. Полевой В. В. The role of auxin in systems of regulation in plants. Leningradskoe department, Science, 1986, c. 28, 42
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD450G2 (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1997-03-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Method for beans treatment before sowing |
| MD451G2 (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-03-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Method for beans treatment before sowing |
| MD597G2 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-06-30 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Method for beans treatment before planting |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD450G2 (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1997-03-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Method for beans treatment before sowing |
| MD451G2 (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-03-31 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Method for beans treatment before sowing |
| MD597G2 (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-06-30 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Method for beans treatment before planting |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Полевой В. В. Роль ауксина в системах регуляции у растений. Ленинградское отделение, Наука, 1986, c. 28, 42 * |
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