MD517Z - Process for obtaining plant material of mint (Mentha piperita L.) from plantation under degeneration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a process for obtaining the mint seeding material (Mentha piperita L.) from the plantation subject to degeneration. The process, according to the invention, includes the selection of the developed peppermint rhizomes, the separation of their apical part with their length. 5 ... 10 cm, growth of rhizomes of the seedlings in the greenhouse, separation of the apical segments of the seedlings with the first pair of leaves, rooting them in light in water tanks at 18 ... 24 ° C, passing the roots rooted with the roots of 10 ... 15 mm in nutrient substrate, which contains peat, humic soil and sand in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 and their growth up to 4 ... 6 pairs of leaves.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a process for obtaining mint (Mentha piperita L.) planting material from a plantation subject to degeneration.

It is known that mint (Mentha piperita L.) is a sterile hybrid and reproduces vegetatively: through rhizomes, stolons or seedlings [1, 2].

It has been found that many high-quality mint varieties, over several years of cultivation, even when observing the planting material production system, degenerate and lose their productive and reproductive capacities, the mass of rhizomes decreases or they do not form at all, the seedling becomes filiform, which leads to their total disappearance (varieties Zarea, Lubencianca, Lecarstvenaia-1, Cristal, etc.), especially in conditions of drought and high daytime temperatures (over 35°C).

The problem that the invention solves consists in maintaining and increasing mint productivity by sanitizing the planting material.

To prevent mint degeneration, its enhanced vegetative regeneration capabilities were used by rooting small segments of rhizomes, stolons, seedlings or even a separate leaf, which have varying degrees of resistance to ecological factors.

The process, according to the invention, includes selecting developed mint rhizomes, separating their apical part with a length of 5…10 cm, growing the seedling from the rhizomes in a greenhouse, separating the apical segments of the seedling with the first pair of leaves, rooting them in the light in water tanks at a temperature of 18…24°C, transferring the rooted segments with 10…15 mm roots into a nutrient substrate, which contains peat, humic soil and sand in a ratio of 1:1:1, and growing them until the formation of 4…6 pairs of leaves.

The result is the production of healthy planting material (seedlings and rhizomes) that ensures the restoration of the productive qualities and vitality of the mint subject to degeneration and prevents the disappearance of the variety.

Example of embodiment of the invention

In 2008-2011, research was conducted on the mint varieties Krasnodarscaia-2 and Vniiemk-20.

From the plantation subjected to degeneration from the studied varieties, rhizomes were selected from the most developed and detached apical segments of 5…10 cm from which seedlings were grown (30…50 units). From the more developed seedlings, apical segments with the first pair of leaves were separated. The segments were placed for rooting in tanks with drinking water in the light, so that the basal part was in water at a depth of 1.0…1.5 cm. At temperatures of 18…24°C and humidity of 80%, 10…15 mm roots were formed from the segments on the 8th…10th day. They were placed for further rooting in a nutrient substrate containing peat, humus soil and sand in a ratio of 1:1:1.

During 30…40 days, the segments grown to 4…6 pairs of leaves were transplanted into the field with irrigation. The productive qualities of the plants were compared with those of the seedling taken from the plantation subjected to degeneration (the closest solution). In the fall, the productive elements of the plants from the regenerants were determined and those obtained from non-regenerative plants. The results are presented in Table 1. They denote that the regenerative plants form a greater number and mass of rhizomes than the control and superior quality characteristics.

Productive elements of sanitized mint (first year of vegetation, November 2011)

Table 1

Variety Plants Number of rhizomes per plant (average) Weight of rhizomes per plant, g Length of rhizomes per plant, cm Diameter of a rhizome, mm total Including live Total A of a rhizome Krasnodarscaia2 Asanate 7.4±0.7 46.6±8.5 45.5±8.4 130.4±15.0 18.4±1.1 6±0.3 Degenerate 5.3±0.6 7.3±0.8 5.7±0.7 39.5±1.2 8.3±0.9 4.6±0.3 Vniiemk-20 Asanate 11.4±1.3 78.4±15.5 78.4±15.5 231.0±42.7 19.5±2.0 5±0.2 Degenerate 3.8±0.5 4.8±1.1 3.4±0.9 29.1±6.0 7.7±1.5 3.4±0.2

In plants grown according to the invention, a 1.4…3 times greater number of rhizomes was obtained depending on the variety; their mass being, compared to the closest solution, 6.4…16.3 times greater, the length 3.3…7.9 times and the diameter of a rhizome 1.3…1.5 times greater.

The degree of manifestation of sanitation in the Vniiemk-20 variety was higher than in the Kransnodarscaia-2 variety.

An increased production of aboveground mass (raw material) was also obtained from the seedlings of the sanitized plants, table 2.

Table 2

Table of mint plants

Seedling Aboveground mass of a plant, g R e p e t i o n s Mean ± 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 From sanitized regenerants 59.5 28.4 48.0 77.1 63.7 50.6 49.5 80.5 68.3 39.0 56.5±5.21 From non-sanitized plants 16.0 21.5 19.3 28.1 8.9 23.0 29.0 14.6 17.1 31.0 20.9±2.21

In the variety subjected to degeneration and sanitized in 2010, in 2011 the aboveground mass production was 2.7 times higher compared to the control.

The above demonstrates that the proposed sanitation method is effective and allows to restore the viability and productive quality of mint subjected to degeneration; to avoid the disappearance of qualitative varieties grown for many years under conditions of thermal and water stress in Moldova.

Productive elements of sanitized mint (first year of vegetation, November 2011)

1. Păun E. Health of the Carpathians. Pharmacy in the Garden. Bucharest, Arta Grafică, 1995, p.135

2. Мустяце Г.И. Pepper mint culture. Chişinău, Shtiintsa, 1985 p.119

Claims (1)

Process for obtaining mint (Mentha piperita L.) seedlings from the plantation subject to degeneration, which includes selecting developed mint rhizomes, separating their apical part with a length of 5…10 cm, growing the seedling from the rhizomes in a greenhouse, separating the apical segments of the seedling with the first pair of leaves, rooting them in the light in water tanks at a temperature of 18…24°C, transferring the rooted segments with 10…15 mm roots into a nutrient substrate, which contains peat, humic soil and sand in a ratio of 1:1:1 and growing them until the formation of 4…6 pairs of leaves.