LV15376B - Device for assembling and de-asembling the wood ash spreading unit on roundwood forwarder and method of use - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the forestry industry and is intended for mounting a wood ash spreader on a timber delivery tractor in forest conditions where it is not possible to use mobile hoists.

In practice, various lifting mechanisms such as mobile cranes, bridge cranes, various hoists, telescopic booms and other mechanisms are most commonly used for lifting and moving various loads and equipment, but they are usually stationary or transportable and moved to locations where these work operations. In some cases, if it is necessary to carry out load lifting operations in forest conditions where lifting equipment cannot be quickly transported, other solutions are being sought. Such a solution is proposed when working in the forest with a timber harvesting tractor on which a wood ash spreader is mounted, but who has to work ash scattering for part of his working time and later also wood removal work [1-3].

[003] Wood ash spreaders are often mounted on timber forwarding tractors to disperse wood ash in forest stands, because the transmission design of the forwarding tractor ensures a balanced movement of the base frame, overcoming various obstacles (strains, pits, etc.) and driving over uneven roads. This ensures even spreading of ash over the entire forest stand [4-8].

[004] The assembly of the ash spreader on the logging tractor does not alter its basic construction for the logging work. This solution allows the forwarder tractor to carry out ash spreading for part of its working time and then to remove the ash spreader. For dismantling the ash spreader from a logging tractor in forest conditions where mobile lifting equipment (cranes, hydro lifts, etc.) is not available, a simple device is offered that can lift and ascend the ash spreader, thereby allowing the logging tractor to leave the bottom. to carry out timber transportation work [9-14]. After the timber hauling operation has been completed, the delivery tractor can return to the raised ash spreader, enter underneath it and mount the ash spreader in the cargo area of the forward tractor to continue spreading the ash or returning to the base.

[005] The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for assembling and disassembling an ash spreader on a timber harvesting tractor in forest conditions where no other mobile lifting equipment is available and a method of using it.

[006] The object of the invention is achieved in that the apparatus comprises four two-piece sliding support posts (1), (Fig. 1). Hydraulic cylinders (3) (Fig. 3) are mounted inside the upper parts of the strut bodies (2), through which they are rigidly fixed to the lower strut bodies (5) by means of arrows (6) on the piston rod extensions (4). The housings of the upper (2) and lower (5) portions of the support struts are designed to be mutually slidable for a distance not greater than the travel of the hydraulic cylinders. This gives the support struts greater stability and their bodies can move only by sliding or protruding from one another as a result of the action of the hydraulic cylinders. The support struts (1) are designed with the possibility of stabilizing them by connecting them to the ribs (10).

The bases (7), (Figs. 2 and 3) of the lower frame (5) of the support strut (5) are fixed to the ground, while the top ends (8) of the support strut bodies are attached to the support brackets (9) in the corners of the ashtray. The support struts on both sides of the ash spreader are stabilized by joining them to the ribs (10) to which the hydraulic hoses (11) are attached. After connecting the hydraulic cylinders (3) mounted at the tops of the support strut bodies to the hydraulic hoses (11), the ash spreader is disconnected from the attachment points (12) of the logging tractor and manually injected hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinders (3). The hydraulic cylinders (3) begin to move by sliding their housings upwards, and thus the individual parts of the sliding two-piece support stands begin to move against each other (2) against each other (5), (Fig. 3), and the machine begins lifting the ash spreader. above the logging tractor. The hydraulic cylinders (3) are selected with a stroke that provides a sufficiently high lifting height of the ash spreader above the attachment points (12) of the forwarder for sufficient clearance to leave the bottom of the asher spreader (14) while the ash spreader (15) remains fixed. in the raised position on the four support pillars (1) (Fig. 2).

[008] The invention is explained by the drawings:

Fig. 1 Ash spreader mounted on a timber forwarder, overview.

Fig. 2 The ash spreader is dismantled from the forwarder and secured in an elevated position.

Fig. 3 Longitudinal section, schematic view of sliding support pillars.

Description of the device in operation The ash spreader (15) mounted on the logging tractor (14) (Fig. 1) was dismantled from the logging tractor (14) in forest conditions where mobile lifting equipment was not available. An apparatus comprising 4 two-piece sliding support posts (1), Figures 2 and 3, was used for these works. Inside the upper parts of the strut bodies (2) were mounted hydraulic cylinders (3) whose piston rod extensions (4) were rigidly secured to the lower struts of the sliding struts (5) and guided to a greater depth than the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder (3).

The base (7) of the lower part of the support strut body (5), (Fig. 2) was fixed to the ground, but the end (8) of the upper support strut was connected to the support brackets (9) in the corners of the ash spreader.

[ООН] The support pillars on both sides of the ash spreader (15) were stabilized by joining them to the ribs (10) to which the hydraulic hoses (11) were attached. By connecting all the hydraulic cylinders (3) to the hydraulic hoses (11), a single unit hydraulic system was created which was operated by a handheld hydraulic pump (13).

Dismantling of the ash spreader (15) was started by disconnecting it from the attachment points (12) of the logging tractor (14), and the manual hydraulic pump (13) started to fill the unit hydraulic system with hydraulic oil. As the hydraulic cylinders (3), (Fig. 3) started to move, the upper part housings (2) of the two-part struts began to move in relation to the lower part housings (5), and the machine started lifting the ash spreader (15) over the timber tractor. (14). The hydraulic cylinders (3) were selected with a stroke that raised the ash spreader (15) sufficiently high above the attachment points (12) of the logging tractor (14) so that the logging tractor (14) could exit the bottom of the ash spreader (15). conveyance work. The ash spreader (15) on the support struts (1), (Fig. 2) remained in the raised position until after the timber hauling work the return tractor (14) returned and mounted it in the load compartment.

An ash spreader (15) mounted on a logging tractor (14) (Fig. 1) is conveyed to the forest for both ash dispersal in the forest stands and for part of its working time dedicated to the logging. Containers with ash for spreading, which are filled into a tank of an ash spreader (15) with a hydromanipulator of the forwarder (14), are transported there, and the forwarder (14) distributes the ash to the required area in the forest stands. After carrying out this work, the ash spreader (15) must be dismantled from the logging tractor (14) in forest conditions where mobile lifting equipment (mobile cranes, hydraulic cranes, etc.) is not available.

For the dismantling of the ash spreader (15), a flat area with sufficiently stable ground conditions of about 20 m ² is selected, in the middle of which is placed a timber forwarder (14) with an ash spreader (15) mounted thereon. 15) at the fixing points (12) (Fig. 1) from the timber transport tractor (14). The two-part sliding support columns (1), (Fig. 2) are then removed from the ashtray (15) and secured to the ashtray (15). The lower part (5) of the support columns (1) is supported by the base (7), (Fig. 3) against the ground and the ends (8) of the upper parts (2) are connected to the support brackets (9) in the corners of the ash spreader (15). ).

The support posts (1) fixed on both sides of the ash spreader (15) are stabilized by connecting them to the longitudinal (10) to which the hydraulic hoses (11) are attached. By connecting all the hydraulic cylinders (3) together, they form a single unit hydraulic system, which is operated by a manually operated hydraulic pump (13). After securing the support columns (1) and creating a common hydraulics system, the manual hydraulic pump (13) starts to supply the hydraulic oil to the hydraulics system. As a result of the operation of the hydraulic cylinders (3) (Fig. 3), the upper part housings (2) of the two-part sliding support columns (1) are pushed up relative to the lower part housings (3), lifting the working cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder (3). at the height of the stroke above the timber conveyor (14), thereby allowing it to leave the bottom of the ash spreader (15) to carry out the conveyor. The ash spreader (15) remains in the raised position on the 4 support pillars (1). (Fig. 2) After completion of the logging work, the logging tractor (14) returns to the ash spreader (15), enters the bottom and can be mounted on the logging spreader (14), gradually lowering the ash spreader (15). ) in the cargo area of the delivery tractor (14). The ash spreader (15) is then secured to the logging tractor (14), the support struts (1) are placed in the ash spreader (15) in the load bin and the logging tractor (14) together with the ash spreader (15) can return to the parking area.

Sources of information

1. Augusto, L., Bakker, M. R. & Meredieu, C. (2008). Wood ash Applications to Temperate Forest Ecosystems — Potential Benefits and Drawbacks. Plant and Soil, 306 (1-2), pp. 181-198.

2. Bardule, A. (2012). Wood ash recycling in Latvia [online]. Vaxjo. Available at: http://proiektwebbar.lansstyrelsen.se/wood-energy-andcleantech/SiteCollectionDocuments/Workshops/Ash%2OrecyclingiWood%20ash% 20recycling% 20in% 20Latvia.pdf. [Viewed 09/15/2012].

3. Klavina, D., Brown, L., Lazdina, D., Lazdina, A., Pennanen, T., Menkis, A. & Gaitnieks, T. (2015). Ectomycorrhizal community in conifer stands on peat soils 10 to 12 years after wood ash treatment. Proceedings of the Knowledge Based Forest Sector, Riga, Latvia, 2015. p 125. Riga, Latvia.

4. Kļaviņa, D., Lazdiņš, A. „Bardule, A., Nikolaev, V., Okmanis, M., Skranda, 1., Gaitnieks, T. & Menkis, A. (2016). Fine root development and mycorrhization in Norway spruce stands one year after fertilization with potassium sulphate and wood ash. Journal of Forest Science, 62 (No.1), pp. 17-23.

5. Klavina, D., Muiznieks, L, Gaitnieks, T., Nikolayeva, V., Lazdina, D., Lazdins, A., Bardule, A. & Menkis, A. (2016). Fungal communities in roots of scots pine and Norway spruce saplings grown for 10 years on peat soils fertilized with wood ash. Baltic Forestry, 22 (1), pp. 25-33.

6. Klavina, D., Pennanen, T., Gaitnieks, T., Velmala, S., Lazdiņš, A., Lazdiņa, D. & Menkis, A. (2015). The ectomycorrhizal community of conifer stands on peat soils 12 years after fertilization with wood ash. Mycorrhiza Available: http: //link.springer.comll0.1007/s00572-015-0655-2. [Viewed 8/13/2015]

7. Klavina, D., Pennanen, T., Gaitnieks, T., Velmala, S., Lazdiņš, A., Lazdiņa, D. & Menkis, A. (2016). The ectomycorrhizal community of conifer stands on peat soils 12 years after fertilization with wood ash. Mycorrhiza, 26 (2), pp 153-160.

8. Lazdiņa, D., Lazdiņš, A., Gaitnieks, T, Klaviņa, D., Okmanis, M. & Jansons, A. (2015). Impact of application of large amount of wood ash on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.) And Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings and soil properties., Riga, Latvia, 2015. p 106.

9. Lazdiņš, A., Bardule, A. & Bardulis, A. (2012). Effect of wood ash and potassium fertilizers on the dynamics of damage to the common spruce (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.), Riga, 2012. pp 81-84. Riga: University of Latvia.

10. LVMI Silava (2016). Guidelines for the processing and use of wood ash in forestry [online], Salaspils: LVMI Silava. (Tree Growth Improvement Research Program 2016-2021; 2016-02-V02).

11. Okmanis, M., Petaja, G. & Lupik, A. (2017). Estimation of costs and productivity of mechanically dispersed wood ash. International Scientific Practical Conference Science and Practice for the Development of the Sector Theses Role of Forest Science and Higher Forest Education in Increasing the Competitiveness of the Sector. 2017. p 35. Jelgava: LLU.

12. Okmani, M., Polmani, K. & Skranda, I. (2015). Economic Assessment of Wood Ash Spreading in Forest., Riga, 2015. pp 37-38. Riga.

13. Skagale, G. (2016). Ash spreader for Latvian forests. Agra Tops, (December), pp. 79-81.

14. Skranda, I. (2016). Effect of wood ash on the spruce Picea abies (1.) Hot, growth and undergrowth vegetation, Diss. Jelgava: Latvian University of Agriculture, Faculty of Forestry.

Claims (3)

An apparatus for assembling and dismantling a wood ash spreader on a logging tractor (14), characterized in that it comprises four two-piece sliding support struts (1), the upper part of the housing (2) of which is fitted with hydraulic cylinders (3); the lower frame housings (5) contain a ground-mount base (7) and the upper frame housing top (8) is compatible with the support brackets (9) in the corners of the ash spreader (15), the support stands (1) being formed by the possibility of stabilizing them by association with the longitudinal members (10). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (3) are connected by means of hydraulic hoses (11) to a single system which can be operated by a manually operated hydraulic pump (13); the upper part housings (2) of the two-piece sliding support struts (1) are slid into or out of the lower part housings (5) along the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders (3). A method for disassembling an apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: (a) positioning the timber delivery tractor (14) in a suitable location on stable soil; b) detaching the ash spreader (15) from the attachment points (12) of the ash spreader (15) on the feeding tractor (14), c) removing the two-piece sliding support columns (1) from the ashtray (15) and securing them to the ashtray (15), d) supporting the base (7) of the lower parts (5) of the support struts (1) against the ground and attaching the ends (8) of the upper parts (2) to the support brackets (9) in the corners of the ash spreader (15); e) stabilizing the support columns (1) mounted on both sides of the ash spreader (15) by connecting them to the longitudinal (10) to which the hydraulic hoses (11) are connected, the said hydraulic hoses (11) being connected to the hydraulic cylinders (3) a unified hydraulic system, f) feeding the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic system by means of a manually operated hydraulic pump (13) and pushing up the upper part housings of the two-part sliding support columns (1) relative to the lower part housings (3) by lifting the ash spreader (15) above a timber tractor (14), g) leaving the ash spreader (15) in the raised position, secured to the 4 support posts (1).