LV13022B - Method for biocomposting the organic waste in field conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

The approach proposed herein refers to the activities in agriculture and protection of environment. In particular, it refers to the technology of organic fertiliser production by processing dairy factory waste (unused cheese whey) and forestry waste (wood-sawdust) using different kinds (or strains) of micro-organisms. Composting process can be realised in field conditions in windrows. The first step of biodegradation can be realised in anaerobic regime, the second step - in aerobic regime. To promote the composting process, the use of the following micro-organisms have been applied: methanogenic bacteria (Methanosarcina methanica sp.-O-16, OG-3, Methanobacterium sp.A-5, Methanococcus sp.-D-1, Methanotrix soehngenii K-2), cellulose- and lignin-splitting bacteria (Trichoderma viride-LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) as well as bacteria for nitrification association, regulating the circulation of nitrogen (Pseudomonas sp.-DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp. DN-3 and Sarcina sp.-13-N). A portion of ready compost could be used as "inoculum" for composting new-formed windrows of organic wastes.

Description

THE MESSAGE MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES

1. The invention relates to the protection of the environment and to agriculture, in particular to the development of a technology for the extraction of organic fertilizers by processing waste from dairy (unused sponges) and forestry by means of various microorganisms: methane fermentation bacteria (Afe / Aanosarcina methanica sp-O-16). , OG-3, Methanobacterium sp-A-5, Methanococcus sp.-Dl, Methanotrix soehngenii K-2), cellulose degrading bacteria: (Trichoderma viride -LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) and nitrogen-promoting bacteria: ( Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp.DN-3 and Sarcina sp.

A method of extracting compost is known (LV 11798 from 07.04.1995 and LV 12107 from 20.08.1998). According to these methods, compost uses organic waste, which is placed in a closed container with forced ventilation. Used air is completely returned to the cycle by being returned to the compostable material without any additional oxygen supply to the closed container.

The disadvantage of the above method is, first of all, that the volume of the container is small and its size limits the amount of compostable material. Second, the container is vented with forced ventilation. The amount of waste we have in Lazdona dairy and Prauliena Parish forests requires huge containers. All of this would make the composting process very expensive. Not to mention the cost of the air handling unit needed to supply air.

2. The object of the present invention is to avoid contamination of the environment with organic waste (unused sponges and sawdust) which can be microbiologically converted into agricultural compost.

3. This objective is achieved by the gradual introduction, in a specially created composting area, of the said organic waste together with lime (to neutralize the pH of the environment) in a 3 m wide and 3 m high lichen, to which methane fermentation bacteria (Methanosarcina methanica sp.-O-16, OG-3,

-2Methanobacterium sp. A-5, Methanococcus sp.-D-1, Methanotrix soehngenii K-2). The length of the hoops is not limited. Initially, the sponges should be superior to provide a high level of moisture (anaerobic mesophyll-thermophilic regime).

4. The temperature gradually increases to 45-60 ° C. After about 7-10 days the temperature drops to 20-24 ° C. The stirrups are then mixed, cellulose disruptors (Trichoderma viride -LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) and nitrifying microorganism associations (Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp.DN-3 and Sarcina sp.) Are added. -13-N).

5. In order to maintain aerobic conditions in the compost, the drainage perforated pipes shall be placed at 1.5 m from the sides and on the surface.

6. As a "starter" for the formation of new organic waste composting hoops by methane fermentation (Mathanosarcina methanica sp.-O-16, OG-3, Methanobacterium sp. A-5, Methanococcus sp.-D-1, Methanotrix soehngenii K-2), cellulose disruptors (Trichoderma viride -LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) and nitrifying bacteria (Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp.DN-3 and Sarcina sp. -13-N) part of the finished compost can be used instead.

60-62g 12g 10g

45-47g

72000 - 77000

51600-55400

6.0 - 6.2 (tend to sour!)

1000 kg 2000 kg 20 kg

Method of biocomposting organic waste in open field

Example

Composition of the sponges (1):

Dry matter

Fat

Protein Lactose COD, mg / 1 BSPp, mg / 1 PH

Deciduous wood chips

Chalk or slaked lime Methane fermentation bacteria:

(Methanosarcina methanica sp.-O-16, OG-3,

Methanobacterium sp. A-5, Methanococcus sp.-D-1,

Methanotrix soehngenii K-2), 10%

Cellulose degrading bacteria: (Trichoderma viride -LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) 10%

Nitrogen promoting bacteria:

(Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2,

Nitrobacter sp.DN-3 and Sarcina sp. -13-N) 10%.

Forms compost hoops on a compacted or concreted basis: stacking deciduous wood chips about 3 m wide, 10 - 15 cm thick as needed, dampen them with sponges, add lime (pH of environmental reactions should be controlled - should be within 6 , 8 to 8.0) and finally, methane fermentation bacteria (Methanosarcina methanica sp. -O-16, OG-3, Methanobacterium sp. A-5, Methanococcus sp.-D-1, Methanotrix soehngenii K-2) are added.

Then repeat everything until the height of the compost hoop is 1 m. Allows microbiological processes to take place. The temperature rises from 40 to 55-60 ° C. During this time, the pile must be very wet due to anaerobic processes. When the temperature starts to drop,

-2 the pile is compacted, then the stack is back on top doing a new round as before. The compost hoops continue to stack up to a height of 3 m. After the temperature in the compost hoop has dropped, it is thoroughly mixed, thereby interrupting the anaerobic and aerobic regime. Cellulose disintegrators (Trichoderma viride -LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) and nitrogen promoters (Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp. DN-3 and Sarcina sp.) Are added simultaneously to the compostable material. -13 - N) bacteria. To intensify nitrification processes, compost hoops must be provided with sufficient air supply through a perforated drainage pipe 1.5 m per side from the center to the center of the stack.

Initially, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in compost is 100: 1, when the compost is ready: 20: 1 or 16: 1.

After 6 months, the compostable material is analyzed and determined for: total bacterial count, total N and C content and their N / C, amount and ratio of humic acid and fulvic acid, pH of environmental reactions. Biocompost has a soil-like odor, is a loose, brown color with a moisture content of 50-65%. In addition, the biocompost should contain nitrogen (N) about 0.5-0.8%, phosphorus (P) about 0.4 0.7%, potassium (K ₂ O) about 0.15-0.35%, pH of the environmental reaction should be in the range of pH 6.0 - 7.0. The total number of microorganisms per g of biocompost dry matter is from 10 ^{7 to} 10 ⁸ and the number of nitrifying cells is 60 IO'-IO ¹¹ .

A method of biocomposting organic waste in the open

Claims (6)

INVENTION FORMULA 1. Method of composting organic matter: unused sponges and deciduous sawdust in open fields using specific microorganism associations: methane fermentation bacteria (Methanosarcina methanica sp.-O-16, OG-3, Methanobacterium sp. A-5, Methanococcus sp. -D-1, Methanotrix soehngenii K-2), cellulose-degrading bacteria (Trichoderma viride -LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) and nitrogen-promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2), Nitrobacter sp.DN-3 and Sarcina sp. -13-N) and providing both anaerobic and aerobic treatment in the process. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the composting is first anaerobic with a temperature rise of 55 to 60 ° C and then followed by an aerobic process. 3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anaerobic process, which lasts for 5-10 days at 55-60 ° C, is provided by the increased moisture in the compost. A process according to any one of claims 1-3. A c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that anaerobic process results in the destruction of undesirable (relatively pathogenic) microflora in the material to be composted. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, in order to accelerate the composting process and to promote the production of a high quality finished product, the compostable material is mixed after the anaerobic process when the temperature has fallen and Trichoderma viride is added. LL-333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL-751) and nitrogen-promoting nitrifying bacteria (Pseudomonas sp. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp.DN-3 and Sarcina sp. -13-N). 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the air required for the compost is aerobically provided, - Introducing a hinged 1.5 mm perforated pipe on the sides and on the surface. 7. A process as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein a portion of the finished compost can be used as a "starter" for the composting of new organic waste by methane fermentation (Methanosarcina methanica sp.-O-16, OG-3, Methanobacterium sp. .A-5, Methanococcus sp. - D -1, 40 Methanotrix soehngenii K-2), cellulose disruptor (Trichoderma viride - LL - 333 and Trichoderma lignorum LL - 751) and nitric acid promoter - nitrifying (Pseudomonas s. -DN-1, Nitrosomonas sp. DN-2, Nitrobacter sp. - 3 and Sarcina sp. -13 - N).