LV11352B - Building element for external wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The application field of this invention is dwellings, public, heated industrial and agricultural building construction.The suggested outside wall element contains one thermo-insulating material layer, two bearing material layers parallel to the wall, of which the inner one is thicker than the outer one. They are interconnected among themselves with the use of vertical diaphragm walls made of bearing material with a rectangular horizontal cross-section, and connected to the layers parallel to the wall. The connection corners are sloping or rounded. Inclusions made of thermo-insulating material are arranged in the above-mentioned diaphragm walls at the outer bearing material layer of the element. The edges of the facade surface of the outside wall element are sloping or rounded, while the facade surface is finished, for example, with decorative relief.

Description

The proposed outer wall element contains one layer of thermal insulation material, two layers of load-bearing material parallel to the wall, the inner one being thicker than the outer one. They are interconnected by vertical diaphragms of the carrier material, which are of rectangular horizontal cross-section and are interconnected by layers parallel to the wall. The corners of the joints are oblique or rounded.

In said diaphragms, inclusions of heat-insulating material are formed at the outer carrier layer of the element. Edges of the facade surface of the exterior wall are inclined or rounded, but the facade surface of the element has a finish, for example, decorative relief.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a structural element of the exterior wall of buildings, and its field of application is the construction of residential, public, heated industrial and agricultural buildings.

An outer wall element (1) is known which comprises a layer of heat-insulating material and two layers of load-bearing material parallel to the wall, the inner one being thicker than the outer, and both of them interconnected by vertical diaphragms of the supporting material. The diaphragms have a trapezoidal horizontal cross-section and are attached to the inner, thicker layer of the carrier material with the widest half (longitudinal base) and to the outer, thinner layer with the narrower side (shortest base).

A disadvantage of the known external wall element is that the trapezoidal partitions between the two wall parallel layers of the block also require the creation of a (embedded) trapezoidal thermal insulation element, for example made of polystyrene foam. The disadvantage of this solution is the technological one, which is that it is difficult to make concrete inserts of this shape made of heat-insulating material (usually foam), because it requires individual shapes. It is much easier to make these insulated insulating inserts in the form of a rectangle, as they are obtained by cutting an expanded and hardened foam array with a heated wire or other device into rectangular parallelepipeds. This also applies to other thermal insulation materials, such as foam gypsum, fibrolite, etc. inserts production. The known solution also does not specify how to insulate the thermal insulation components that break the cold bridges into the diaphragms. It is merely stated that the diaphragms are made wholly or partly of heat-insulating material. In addition, the flat facade surface of the block is smooth and requires additional work and materials to finish the building.

The object of the invention is to simplify the technology of making a wall element, as well as to increase the degree of readiness for its construction.

For this purpose, it is proposed to connect the two layers of load-bearing material parallel to the wall with diaphragms having a horizontal cross-section. The corners of these diaphragms and wall-to-wall joints are inclined (most comfortable below two 135 angles) or rounded to avoid tension concentration and cracks in these corners during the transport of wall elements (blocks). In order to prevent the intense heat dissipation from the building through the diaphragm bearing material, which usually has a high heat conductivity, they are installed in the so-called. cold bridge breakers - special sections of thermal insulation material.

- 2 In order to provide the wall elements with maximum moments of inertia (maximum wall resistance), these heat flow arresters in the diaphragms are placed at the outer bearing layer of the element.

In order to increase the competitiveness of the block produced by improving its maturity and to save on finishing work, a matrix is formed (or attached) to the facade surface of the block by means of which decorative embossing is applied to the block facade surface.

Compared to the widely used cellular concrete or arbolite exterior wall units today, each of their components has only one building function, either load-bearing or heat-insulating. This allows each component to be used in the most efficient way possible, resulting in a significant increase in external heat resistance, as well as a reduction in weight and cost.

Information used

1. LV patent no. 10521 (issued April 20, 1995, on the basis of Application P-93-172, dated March 8, 1992)

Claims (5)

Formula of the Invention 1. An outer wall element comprising a layer of heat-insulating material and two layers of load-bearing material parallel to the wall, one of which is thicker than the outer and which is interconnected by vertical diaphragms of the load-bearing material partly formed of heat-insulating material. the diaphragms are formed by a rectangular horizontal cross-section. 2. An outer wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the corners of the connection between the diaphragm and the wall-facing layers are inclined or rounded. 3. An outer wall element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inclusions of the heat-insulating material in the diaphragms are arranged vertically against the outer carrier material layer of the element. An exterior wall element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the facade surface facets of the element are inclined or rounded. 5. An exterior wall element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its facade surface is provided with a finish, eg decorative embossing.