LU501237B1 - Floating Tunnel with Variable Buoyancy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating tunnel with variable buoyancy, which comprises a tunnel frame, a buoyancy controllable pontoon, a lane, a tunnel balance detection device, a tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device, a tunnel protection shell, a collision avoidance system and an escape system. The floating tunnel uses a buoyancy-controllable buoyancy box, and the buoyancy of the tunnel is changed by adjusting the buoyancy box, and the work of each part is controlled by the budget of vehicle position and instrument detection by the tunnel balance detection device. The suspension tunnel is simple in construction, simple in structure and convenient to maintain.

Description

DESCRIPTION 10001807 Floating Tunnel with Variable Buoyancy

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, particularly relates to a floating tunnel with variable buoyancy, which may change the buoyancy according to its own gravity and is suitable for oceans, lakes and reservoirs.

BACKGROUND As a new transportation, floating tunnel has been studied by many countries in the world. The transportation modes across rivers, lakes and seas are long-span bridges, floating tunnels, immersed tunnels and undersea tunnels from top to bottom, wherein long-span bridges, immersed tunnels and undersea tunnels are traditional traffic structures crossing rivers and lakes; immersed tube tunnel is to prefabricate the tunnel sections in sections, with temporary water stop heads set at both ends of each section, then float to the tunnel axis, and then sink into the pre-dug trench (foundation trench) to complete the underwater connection between the sections, remove the temporary water stop heads, backfill the foundation trench to protect the immersed tubes, and lay the internal facilities of the tunnel, thus forming a complete underwater channel. The deficiency of undersea tunnel construction is that the construction cost is high, and there are many complex problems to be solved in the construction process, such as geology, topography, rock cracks, water leakage, etc., so the total cost is also high and the construction period is long. Moreover, from the ecological point of view, the opening of the submarine tunnel will affect the normal living environment of marine organisms, especially benthic organisms.

Compared with the traditional traffic structures crossing rivers, lakes and seas, the suspended tunnel has unique characteristics and charm, and in many cases, it is also a very competitive option. Compared with other crossing modes, its advantages and competitiveness are reflected in the following aspects: the construction of the floating tunnel will not have a great impact on the surrounding natural environment, will not disturb the geological strata along the coast, and will not affect the natural landscape of the construction site. Moreover, the floating tunnel can operate around the clock, which is not affected by extreme weather conditions such as tsunami, 10001807 strong wind, heavy rain, dense fog, etc., compared with the span bridge of the general assembly, and can ensure the smooth urban traffic.

The suspension tunnel is generally set at 30-50 m underwater. Referring to the relevant information provided by the shipping department, this setting depth has little influence on the shipping on the water surface. Because the underwater suspended tunnel is suspended in water, it is different from immersed tunnel and submarine tunnel, and it will not be greatly influenced by the topography and hydrogeological conditions of the seabed.

The suspension tunnel is located higher than the immersed tube tunnel and submarine tunnel, which can reduce the climbing slope of the car, improve the traffic efficiency, reduce the fuel consumption of the car, save energy and protect the environment.

In addition, the suspension tunnel can also protect scenic spots in some waters, such as lakes formed by deep canyons between mountains. These advantages are almost impossible for the traditional crossing method to achieve, but the floating tunnel provides the transportation option in this water area, and it is the only option.

In terms of use function, the suspended tunnel can pass through cars, trains, small motor vehicles, etc, and can also allow optical fibers, communication equipment, cables, pipeline equipment, etc. that need to cross the ocean to pass under the sea.

The shortcomings of the existing suspended tunnels are that there is no systematic and complete theoretical system in the world at present, and it is necessary to break through the major core scientific problems such as the fluid-solid coupling mechanism of long-span suspended structures, the bearing capacity characteristics of suspended tunnels in deep water environment, the stability of structural support systems in severe sea conditions, and a series of engineering technical problems such as the formulation of structural design standard system, research and development of new materials with high toughness and high strength special structures, construction technology, construction methods, equipment manufacturing, risk assessment and so 10001807 on.

SUMMARY The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a floating tunnel with variable buoyancy, which is a floating tunnel that maintains its own balance completely by buoyancy.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is that a floating tunnel with variable buoyancy which comprises a tunnel frame, a buoyancy controllable pontoon, a driveway, tunnel balance detection device, tunnel collision avoidance float link device, tunnel protection shell, collision avoidance system and escape system; The tunnel frame is internally provided with a buoyancy controllable pontoon, a lane and a tunnel balance detection device, the buoyancy controllable pontoon is fixed on the frame, the lane is fixedly connected with the buoyancy-controllable pontoon, and a tunnel balance detection device is arranged at the lower middle position of the lane; a tunnel protection shell is arranged outside the tunnel frame; the two ends of the tunnel frame are respectively connected with the collision avoidance system through the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device; and the two ends of the tunnel are equipped with vehicle weight detection devices; The structural material of the tunnel frame is reinforced concrete, which can make the tunnel structure stronger; the external protection material of the tunnel is carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material; The buoyancy-controllable pontoon is arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions of the tunnel frame, and the buoyancy-controllable pontoon includes a shell with hemispherical heads at both ends; a controllable pontoon main bin and a controllable pontoon auxiliary bin are arranged in the shell, and the controllable pontoon auxiliary bins are located at both sides of the controllable pontoon main bin; the main cabin of the controllable pontoon is provided with two exhaust valves; the controllable pontoon sub-bin is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve, a water inlet and outlet valve and a water inlet pressure pump, and the buoyancy of the tunnel is changed by controlling the water inlet and outlet, air inlet and outlet;

The tunnel balance detection device is located below the middle of the driveway, 17001897 and the tunnel balance vehicle inspection device adopts a gyro instrument, which can provide accurate azimuth, level, position, speed and acceleration signals; the signals detected by each detection device are transmitted to a computer, and control signals are sent out through computer calculation and processing; The collision avoidance system is connected with the tunnel protection shell through the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device, and the collision avoidance system consists of an collision avoidance system internal connecting device, an collision avoidance pontoon protection shell and an collision avoidance system internal pontoon; the collision avoidance pontoon protective shell is triangular, one side of which is tightly attached and fixed to the tunnel protective shell; the collision avoidance system internal pontoon is located in the center of the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell, and is connected with the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell and the collision avoidance system internal pontoon through the collision avoidance system internal connecting device connecting frame to make them relatively fixed; the internal pontoon of the collision avoidance system is made of FRP material, and the structure of the external impacted part is guaranteed to sag inward with maximum strength without being damaged by its strength and toughness; The tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device uses a common mechanical connection structure, pins are installed on the tunnel protection shell and the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell, and connection holes are left on the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device; during installation, it is only necessary to align the connecting holes on the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device and the pins on the tunnel protection shell and the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell for insert link.

The escape system is located on both sides of the driveway, and both sides of the driveway are connected with the storage space of the escape cabin through the escape system entrance; each escape cabin storage space stores more than two escape cabins, and the upper surface of the escape cabin storage space is provided with an escape cabin ejection port, which is directly connected to the sea; the escape cabin is provided with an escape cabin entrance, an oxygen supply system, an escape cabin 10001807 seat and an escape cabin power system; the escape cabin entrance 1s connected with the cabin body by means of the cabin door translated outside the cabin and pressure sealing; the oxygen supply system is divided into two parts, one part is an oxygen storage device, which is arranged between the housing and the escape cabin seat, in which sufficient oxygen is stored, and the other part is an oxygen supply device, which is arranged on the escape cabin seat and connected with the supply device; the escape cabin seat is fixed by a safety belt; the escape cabin power system is placed at the bottom of the escape cabin and uses jet power and ejection to make the escape cabin rush out of the tunnel quickly; A concave-convex structure is arranged at the outermost part of the tunnel interface, and the concave-convex structure comprises a concave-convex waterproof structure groove and a concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove, and the concave-convex structure is sealed by waterproof sealing materials; push the nut post base forward along the screw, the female post fixing buckle rotates, and when the link nut post rotates forward, it is connected with the link nut interface of another section and turns into it; when rotating, the distance between the two tunnels is shortened, so that the convex groove of the concave-convex waterproof structure enters the concave-convex waterproof structure groove, and the waterproof sealing material is extruded.

Further, the left and right buoyancy controllable pontoones are provided with balance detectors.

Further, at least three reinforcing rings are arranged inside the shell of the buoyancy-controllable pontoon and are arranged at equal points of the shell.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Foamed concrete can provide a certain buoyancy for the tunnel; 2. Buoyancy-controllable pontoon is an important structure to maintain the up-down balance of the tunnel. Through adjusting the pontoon, the buoyancy of the tunnel is changed, and the change of its buoyancy is determined by the test of vehicle weight detection devices at both ends of the tunnel. 3. The external protection structure material uses carbon fiber composite materials,

which can play a good role in waterproof and protection. 4. By using the balance 10001807 detection system and related instruments, the balance state of the tunnel can be detected in real time through data, and digital signals can be generated, which can be processed by the computer system, and the working instructions of the controllable buoyancy pontoon can be generated to control the controllable buoyancy pontoon. 5. The suspension tunnel is simple in construction, simple in structure and convenient to maintain.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic view of section A-A of fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic view of section B-B of the buoyancy controllable pontoon of fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the C-C section of the lane of fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lane of the present invention; Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of the connecting nut post of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of the connecting nut interface of the present invention; Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the collision avoidance pontoon of the present invention; Fig. 11 is a horizontal sectional view of the escape system of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of fig. 11; Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 11; Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the interior of the escape cabin of the present invention.

In figure: 1. tunnel frame, 2. lane ventilation duct, 3. buoyancy controllable pontoon, 4. lane, 5. tunnel balance detection device, 6. tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device, 7. internal connection device of collision avoidance system, 8.

collision avoidance pontoon protective shell, 9. collision avoidance pontoon inside the 10001807 system, 10. concave-convex waterproof structure groove, 11. concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove, 12. escape cabin, 13. escape hatch ejection port,

14. link nut post, 15. tunnel protection shell, 17. link nut interface, 18. air inlet and outlet valve, 19. water inlet and outlet valve, 20. controllable float tank main bin, 21. controllable float tank auxiliary bin, 22. water inlet pressure pump, 23. lane ventilator,

24. nut column base, 25. Thrust telescopic column, 26. rotating power machine, 27. nut column fixing buckle, 28. escape system entrance, 29. escape cabin storage space,

30. escape cabin entrance, 31. oxygen supply system, 32. escape cabin seats, 33. escape cabin power system.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As shown in figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, a floating tunnel with variable buoyancy includes a tunnel frame 1, a buoyancy controllable pontoon 3, a lane 4, a tunnel balance detection device 5, a tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device 6, a tunnel protection shell 15, an collision avoidance system and an escape system. Firstly, prefabricate that lane 4 and the tunnel frame 1, welding the buoyancy controllable pontoon 3 to the tunnel frame 1, installing the lane 4 and the tunnel balance detection device 5 in the tunnel frame 1, and installing the lane ventilation pipe 2 and the lane ventilator 23 in the space above the lane 4; a tunnel protection shell 15 is installed outside the tunnel frame 1; the two ends of the tunnel 1 are respectively connected with the collision avoidance system through the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device 6; The structural material of the tunnel 1 is reinforced concrete, which can make the tunnel structure stronger and ensure the overall stability of the tunnel. The external protection material of tunnel 1 is carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material, which can play a good role in waterproof and protection.

There are 12 buoyancy-controllable pontoones 3, which are respectively arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions of the tunnel frame 1, with 8 in the upper and lower parts and 4 in the left and right parts. The upper and lower 8 pontoons are mainly used to change the buoyancy of the tunnel according to the traffic load to maintain the depth of the tunnel in water, the left and right 4 pontoons 17001897 are mainly used to maintain the left and right balance, and balance detectors are installed on the left and right buoyancy controllable pontoons.

According to the signal of the balance detector, the left and right pontoones are jointly detected and controlled by the tunnel balance detection device 5, so as to achieve higher detection accuracy of the tunnel and the best control effect; the signals detected by each detection device are transmitted to the computer, and the computer calculates and processes them, and sends out control signals to change the buoyancy of the left and right pontoons, so as to achieve the balance in the horizontal direction; the buoyancy-controllable pontoon 3 comprises a cylindrical shell, the main body of which is of carbon fiber structure, and the two ends of the shell are hemispherical heads, which are hermetically connected with the hemispherical heads by welding; the inside of the shell is divided into five sealed compartments along the axial direction of the shell by the bulkhead steel plate, one controllable pontoon main compartment 20 and four controllable pontoon sub-compartments 21, which are located on both sides of the controllable pontoon main compartment 20, with two on one side; two exhaust valves are installed on the main cabin 20 of the controllable pontoon, and an air inlet and outlet valve 18, a water inlet and outlet valve 19 and a water inlet pressure pump 22 are installed on the auxiliary cabin 21 of the controllable pontoon.

At least three reinforcing rings are arranged inside the shell and are arranged at equal points of the shell; the buoyancy of the pontoon is adjusted by the air inlet and outlet valve 18 and the water inlet and outlet valve 19. The buoyancy controllable pontoon 3 is used to complete the splicing and sinking of long-distance pipelines.

Tunnel balance detection device 5 is fixed under the middle of lane 4, and the gyroscope (futaba series gyroscope, GY 520 futaba belongs to the same level as jr G750T, and the highest end is GY701 (which integrates all the functions of GY520 and GV-1 speedometer)) is a mechanical device.

The main part is a rotor which rotates at a very high angular speed to the rotating shaft, and the rotor is installed in a bracket, By adding an inner ring frame to the central axis of the rotor, the gyroscope can move freely around two axes of the plane.

Then, an outer ring frame is added to the inner ring frame; this gyroscope has two balance rings, which can move freely around the plane three axes. The gyro can provide accurate signals 10001807 such as azimuth, level, position, speed and acceleration. The sen data obtained by that sensor are used for sensing whether the tunnel is balanced left and right, and the state of the tunnel is calculated through computer analysis and calculation, so that the computer sends out instructions to control the controllable buoyancy pontoon 3 to ensure the balance of the bridge; when the tunnel tilts to the left, the computer gives instructions to make the left buoyancy controllable pontoon 3 water and air inlet, and the right buoyancy controllable pontoon 3 water and air outlet, so as to make the tunnel achieve balance; when tilting to the right, the working principle is similar to that of tilting to the left. The buoyancy controllable pontoon 3 on the right has water inlet and air outlet, while the buoyancy controllable pontoon 3 on the left has water inlet and air outlet.

The two ends of the tunnel are equipped with vehicle weight detection devices, which can measure the weight of vehicles entering the tunnel with reference to the existing vehicle weight detection system on the expressway; by specifying the passing speed range of the automobile, the position of the automobile in the tunnel at any time period can be predicted by computer calculation, and then the computer sends out a signal instruction to control the controllable buoyancy pontoon to change the buoyancy force; generally, when the car flow is stable, the tunnel can maintain its own stability through its own inertia, and only when large freight cars and high-quality vehicles pass through, it is necessary to change its buoyancy to maintain the balance.

The collision avoidance system is connected with the tunnel protection shell 15 through the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device 6, which consists of the collision avoidance system internal connecting device 7, the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell 8 and the collision avoidance system internal pontoon 9, and is installed on both sides of the tunnel. The collision avoidance pontoon protection shell 8 is triangular in shape, one side of which abuts against and is fixed to the tunnel protection shell 15, and the collision avoidance system internal pontoon 9 is in the center of the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell 8, and the collision avoidance system internal pontoon protection shell 8 and the collision avoidance system internal pontoon 9 are connected through the collision avoidance system 17001897 internal connecting device 7 connecting frame to make them relatively fixed; the main function of the collision avoidance system is to provide buoyancy and reduce the impact of various underwater conditions on the tunnel to reduce the damage of the tunnel; the collision avoidance pontoon 9 in the system is made of FRP material (Fiber Reinforced Polymer, or Fiber Reinforced Plastic for short), which is a composite material made of reinforced fiber materials such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, etc, and matrix materials through winding, molding or pultrusion, etc.

According to the different reinforcing materials, the common fiber reinforced composites are divided into glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRP), carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP) and aramid fiber reinforced composites (AFRP). Because fiber reinforced composites have the following characteristics: (1) high specific strength and large specific modulus; (2) the material performance is designable; (3) it has good corrosion resistance and durability; (4) The coefficient of thermal expansion is similar to that of concrete; these characteristics enable FRP materials to meet the needs of modern structures for long-span, high-rise, heavy-load, light weight, high strength and working under harsh conditions, and also meet the requirements of modern building construction and industrial development.

Therefore, FRP materials are more and more widely used in various fields such as civil buildings, bridges, highways, marine, hydraulic structures and underground structures, etc.

With its advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength, it can ensure certain safety of tunnels.

This structure dissipates energy through the internal and external structures.

When encountering waves and other situations, the deformation of the external structure dissipates energy and dissipates energy.

The external structure of the impacted part is guaranteed to sink inward with the maximum strength without being damaged by its strength and toughness.

The external box structure at the same time relies on the excellent properties of FRP materials such as complete elasticity and low strain rate, and the external impact force is pushed back to do work by slowly releasing the deformation energy to form the reaction work of the pontoon, so as to further consume the impact force.

The inner layer structure of the collision avoidance pontoon 9 in the system has lower rigidity and weaker constraint 10001807 than the outer layer structure. When the outer layer structure of the pontoon is impacted, the inner layer structure has larger extrusion deformation space than the outer layer structure. When the outer structure is impacted, the residual energy is transferred to the inner member through the connecting structure of the inner and outer structures, and the inner structure absorbs the residual kinetic energy of the outer box structure of the pontoon after energy dissipation through its greater deformation energy dissipation and energy dissipation; the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device 6 is a common mechanical connection structure, pins are installed on the tunnel protection outer shell 15 and the collision avoidance pontoon protection outer shell 8, and a connection hole is left on the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device 6; during installation, it is only necessary to align the connecting holes on the link device 6 of the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon, and the pins on the tunnel protection shell 15 and the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell 8 are insert link.

The escape system is located on both sides of the lane 4, and both sides of the lane 4 are connected with escape cabin storage spaces 29 through escape system entrances 28. Each escape cabin storage space 29 stores more than two escape cabins 12, and the escape cabin storage spaces 29 are provided with escape cabin ejection openings 13, which can be directly connected to the sea. The escape cabin 12 has an escape cabin entrance 30, an oxygen supply system 31, an escape cabin seat chair 32 and an escape cabin power system 33. The escape cabin entrance 30 is connected with the cabin body by means of the cabin door translated outside the cabin and pressure sealing; the oxygen supply system 31 is divided into two parts, one part is an oxygen storage device, which is arranged between the housing and the escape cabin seat, in which sufficient oxygen is stored; the other part is an oxygen supply device, which is arranged on the escape cabin seat, and the oxygen storage device is connected with the response device; escape cabin seat 32, specifically using the safety belt fixing method, can ensure the safety of personnel on the escape cabin seat 32; The escape cabin power system 33 is placed at the bottom of the escape cabin 12, and uses jet 10001807 power and ejection to make the escape cabin 12 rush out of the tunnel quickly.

A concave-convex structure is arranged at the outermost part of the tunnel interface, and the concave-convex structure comprises a concave-convex waterproof structure groove 10 and a concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove 11, and high-strength composite rubber is used as the waterproof sealing material of the interface in the concave-convex structure; the rotating power machine 26 rotates to push the thrust telescopic column 25 to extend and push the nut column base 24 to rotate forward along the nut column fixing buckle 27. When the link nut column 14 rotates forward, it is connected with the link nut interface 17 of another section. When rotating, the distance between the two tunnels is shortened, so that the concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove 11 enters the concave-convex waterproof structure groove 10 and the waterproof rubber is extruded to achieve the sealing effect.

The suspension connection of the tunnel mainly uses the nut-type connection structure to connect the two ends. One section of the tunnel is connected with the telescopic nut column through the connection structure, and the connection structure is the rotary power machine 26 and the thrust telescopic column 25. The other section of the tunnel has the position of the corresponding nut interface. When connecting, the rotary power machine 26 and the thrust telescopic column 25 are started at the same time, thus pushing the nut column to rotate forward and then enter the nut interface of the corresponding end. Six connecting structure columns are set at the interface of each tunnel section, and basically six positions are evenly distributed to ensure its safety, concave-convex structure is used at the outermost part of tunnel interface, which has good sealing effect. In addition, the connecting structure should be the strongest position in the tunnel, with titanium alloy as the main material, supplemented by other metals; All the above components are connected with the tunnel frame, fixed on the frame, and then poured with foam concrete, so that the space of each component is filled, but there should be a channel for subsequent workers to carry out construction during filling; the whole tunnel is poured with foam concrete, which greatly improves 10001807 the stability and safety of the suspended tunnel.

The invention relates to a floating tunnel with variable buoyancy. The entrance and exit of the tunnel should be a certain distance away from the coast and shore, and a section of onshore tunnel should be left, which is mainly a device for installing the weight of vehicles. Accurate measurement of the weight of vehicles is the key to maintaining the balance of the tunnel. For the down-floating tunnel, both ends are closed, and the key pipe openings and traffic spaces at both ends are blocked with materials that can be disassembled internally, so that when the tunnel 1s not connected with the connecting part in the process of sinking, the internal water is not allowed to enter and the internal working environment is normal; in the process of tunnel floating down, the sinking and rising are controlled by fixing the construction vessel and changing its own buoyancy, which greatly reduces the difficulty of construction. When the tunnel sinks to a proper position, the tunnel is suspended through control, the tunnel is kept stable and moved slowly through the connection of the construction ship, so that the unconnected part of the tunnel is slowly close to the connected part, so that it is slowly combined, so that the concave-convex waterproof structure groove and the concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove are aligned, and then the rotating power machine is started to rotate the link nut column into the link nut interface, and the concave-convex structure 1s tightly pressed by rotating force to achieve the sealing and waterproof effect. In the well-connected part, construction personnel enter and dismantle the sealing materials to make the interior open to traffic normally; repeat the above installation process to connect each section.

It should be understood that the technical features that are not elaborated in this specification belong to the prior art.

Claims (3)

CLAIMS LU501237

1. A floating tunnel with variable buoyancy, characterized by comprising a tunnel frame (1), a buoyancy controllable pontoon (3), a driveway (4), tunnel balance detection device (5), tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device (6), tunnel protection shell (15), collision avoidance system and escape system; the tunnel frame (1) is internally provided with a buoyancy controllable pontoon (3), a lane (4) and a tunnel balance detection device (5), the buoyancy controllable pontoon (3) is fixed on the frame (1), the lane (4) is fixedly connected with the buoyancy-controllable pontoon (3), and a tunnel balance detection device (5) 1s arranged at the lower middle position of the lane (4); a tunnel protection shell (15) is arranged outside the tunnel frame (1); the two ends of the tunnel frame (1) are respectively connected with the collision avoidance system through the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device (6); and the two ends of the tunnel are equipped with vehicle weight detection devices; the structural material of the tunnel frame (1) is reinforced concrete, which can make the tunnel structure stronger; the external protection material of the tunnel (1) is carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material; the buoyancy-controllable pontoon (3) is arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions of the tunnel frame (1), and the buoyancy-controllable pontoon (3) includes a shell with hemispherical heads at both ends; a controllable pontoon main bin (20) and a controllable pontoon auxiliary bin (21) are arranged in the shell, and the controllable pontoon auxiliary bins (21) are located at both sides of the controllable pontoon main bin (20); the main cabin (20) of the controllable pontoon is provided with two exhaust valves; the controllable pontoon sub-bin (21) is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve (18), a water inlet and outlet valve (19) and a water inlet pressure pump (22), and the buoyancy of the tunnel is changed by controlling the water inlet and outlet, air inlet and outlet; the tunnel balance detection device (5) is located below the middle of the driveway (4), and the tunnel balance vehicle inspection device (5) adopts a gyro instrument, which can provide accurate azimuth, level, position, speed and acceleration signals; the signals detected by each detection device are transmitted to a 10001807 computer, and control signals are sent out through computer calculation and processing;

the collision avoidance system is connected with the tunnel protection shell (15) through the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon linking device (6), and the collision avoidance system consists of an collision avoidance system internal connecting device (7), an collision avoidance pontoon protection shell (8) and an collision avoidance system internal pontoon (9); the collision avoidance pontoon protective shell (8) is triangular, one side of which is tightly attached and fixed to the tunnel protective shell (15); the collision avoidance system internal pontoon (9) is located in the center of the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell (8), and is connected with the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell (8) and the collision avoidance system internal pontoon (9) through the collision avoidance system internal connecting device (7) connecting frame to make them relatively fixed; the internal pontoon (9) of the collision avoidance system 1s made of FRP material, and the structure of the external impacted part is guaranteed to sag inward with maximum strength without being damaged by its strength and toughness;

the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device (6) uses a common mechanical connection structure, pins are installed on the tunnel protection shell (15) and the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell (8), and connection holes are left on the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device (6); during installation, it is only necessary to align the connecting holes on the tunnel collision avoidance pontoon link device (6) and the pins on the tunnel protection shell (15) and the collision avoidance pontoon protection shell (8) for insert link;

the escape system is located on both sides of the driveway (4), and both sides of the driveway (4) are connected with the storage space (29) of the escape cabin through the escape system entrance (28); each escape cabin storage space (29) stores more than two escape cabins (12), and the upper surface of the escape cabin storage space (29) is provided with an escape cabin ejection port (13), which is directly connected to the sea; the escape cabin (12) is provided with an escape cabin entrance

(30), an oxygen supply system (31), an escape cabin seat (32) and an escape cabin 10001807 power system (33); the escape cabin entrance (30) is connected with the cabin body by means of the cabin door translated outside the cabin and pressure sealing; the oxygen supply system (31) is divided into two parts, one part is an oxygen storage device, which is arranged between the housing and the escape cabin seat (32), in which sufficient oxygen is stored, and the other part is an oxygen supply device, which is arranged on the escape cabin seat (32) and connected with the supply device; the escape cabin seat (32) is fixed by a safety belt; the escape cabin power system (33) is placed at the bottom of the escape cabin (12) and uses jet power and ejection to make the escape cabin (12) rush out of the tunnel quickly; a concave-convex structure is arranged at the outermost part of the tunnel interface, and the concave-convex structure comprises a concave-convex waterproof structure groove (10) and a concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove (11), and the concave-convex structure is sealed by waterproof sealing materials; push the nut post base (24) forward along the screw, the female post fixing buckle (27) rotates, and when the link nut post (14) rotates forward, it is connected with the link nut interface (17) of another section and turns into it; when rotating, the distance between the two tunnels is shortened, so that the convex groove (11) of the concave-convex waterproof structure enters the concave-convex waterproof structure groove (10), and the waterproof sealing material is extruded.

2. The floating tunnel with variable buoyancy according to claim 1, characterized in that the left and right buoyancy controllable pontoons (3) are provided with balance detectors.

3. The floating tunnel with variable buoyancy according to claim 1, characterized in that at least three reinforcing rings are arranged inside the shell of the buoyancy-controllable pontoon (3) and are arranged at equal points of the shell.