CN211312604U - Buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel, which comprises a tunnel frame, a buoyancy-controllable buoyancy tank, a lane, a tunnel balance detection device, a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device, a tunnel protective shell, an anti-collision system and an escape system; the floating tunnel adopts a buoyancy-controllable buoyancy tank, the buoyancy of the tunnel is changed by adjusting the buoyancy tank, and the work of each part is controlled by the budget of the vehicle position and the instrument detection of a tunnel balance detection device; and the suspension tunnel construction is simple, and the structural style is simple simultaneously, and it is comparatively convenient to maintain.

Description

Buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, specifically say a variable suspension tunnel of buoyancy, be one kind can be according to the floated tunnel of self gravity change buoyancy, be applicable to ocean, lake and reservoir.

Background art:

as a novel transportation mode, the suspension tunnel is researched in many countries in the world. The transportation mode of crossing rivers, lakes and seas is that from top to bottom, a large-span bridge, a suspension tunnel, an immersed tube tunnel and a submarine tunnel are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in terms of spatial position. The large-span bridge, the immersed tube tunnel and the submarine tunnel are traditional traffic structures crossing rivers and lakes; the immersed tunnel is that tunnel pipe sections are prefabricated in sections, temporary water-stopping heads are arranged at two ends of each section, then the sections are transported to the axis of the tunnel in a floating mode and are immersed in a pre-dug geosyncline (foundation groove), underwater connection among the pipe sections is completed, the temporary water-stopping heads are removed, the foundation groove is backfilled to protect immersed pipes, and internal facilities of the tunnel are laid, so that a complete underwater channel is formed. The disadvantages of the construction of the submarine tunnel: the construction cost is high, and the complex problems needing to be solved in the construction process are more, such as geology, topography, rock stratum cracks, water leakage and the like. Therefore, the total cost is also very high, and the construction period is long. The submarine tunnel has the defect that the open submarine tunnel can influence the normal living environment of marine organisms, particularly the submarine organisms, from the ecological perspective.

Compared with the traditional transportation structure crossing rivers, lakes and seas, the suspension tunnel has unique characteristics and self charm, is a very competitive selection scheme in many cases, and has the advantages and competitiveness compared with other crossing modes in the following aspects:

the construction of the suspension tunnel does not greatly influence the surrounding natural environment, does not disturb the geological rock stratum along the coast, and does not influence the natural landscape of the construction site; the suspension tunnel can be operated in all weather, and compared with a bridge with a large meeting span, the suspension tunnel cannot be influenced by extreme severe weather conditions such as tsunami, strong wind, rainstorm, dense fog and the like, and can ensure the smoothness of urban traffic.

The suspension tunnel is generally arranged at 30-50 m below water, and the influence of the arrangement depth on the shipping on the water surface is small by referring to relevant data provided by a shipping department; the underwater suspended tunnel is suspended in water, is different from an immersed tube tunnel and a submarine tunnel, and is not greatly influenced by the landform of a seabed, hydrogeological conditions and the like.

The placing position of the suspension tunnel is higher than that of the immersed tube tunnel and the submarine tunnel, so that the climbing gradient in the running process of the automobile is reduced, the passing efficiency is improved, the oil consumption of the automobile can be reduced, the energy is saved, and the environment is protected.

And can also protect scenic spots of partial waters, such as lakes formed by deep canyons between mountains. These advantages are almost impossible to achieve with conventional crossing, but the suspension tunnel offers a traffic option in this water situation and is the only option.

In the aspect of use function, the suspension tunnel can pass through automobiles, trains, small motor vehicles and the like, and can also allow optical fibers, communication equipment, cables, pipeline equipment and the like which need to pass through the sea to pass under the sea.

The existing suspension tunnel has the defects that a systematic and complete theoretical system is not formed in the world at present, and important core scientific problems such as a long-span suspension structure fluid-solid coupling mechanism, the bearing capacity characteristic of a suspension tunnel structure in a deep water environment, the stability of a structure supporting system in a severe sea condition and the like need to be broken through, and a series of engineering technical problems such as structural design standard system formulation, research and development of a high-toughness high-strength special structure new material, deep water complex condition construction process, a construction method, equipment manufacturing, risk assessment and the like need to be solved.

The utility model has the following contents:

the utility model aims at overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, and providing a buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel, which is a suspension tunnel completely maintaining self balance by buoyancy.

The utility model provides a technical scheme is: a buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel is characterized by comprising a tunnel frame, a buoyancy-controllable buoyancy tank, a lane, a tunnel balance detection device, a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device, a tunnel protective shell, an anti-collision system and an escape system;

the tunnel frame is internally provided with a buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank, a lane and a tunnel balance detection device, the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank is fixed on the frame, the lane and the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank are fixedly connected, and the tunnel balance detection device is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the lane; a tunnel protective shell is arranged outside the tunnel frame; the two ends of the tunnel frame are respectively connected with an anti-collision system through tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank connecting devices; vehicle weight detection devices are arranged at two ends of the tunnel;

the structural material of the tunnel frame is reinforced concrete, so that the tunnel structure is firmer; the external protection material of the tunnel frame is made of carbon fiber composite material or glass fiber composite material;

the controllable buoyancy tanks are arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions of the tunnel frame and comprise shells, the two ends of each shell are provided with hemispherical seal heads, controllable buoyancy tank main bins and controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bins are arranged in the shells, and the controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bins are positioned at the two sides of the controllable buoyancy tank main bins; two exhaust valves are arranged on the controllable buoyancy tank main bin; the controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bin is provided with an air inlet and outlet valve, a water inlet and outlet valve and a water inlet pressure pump, and the buoyancy force borne by the tunnel is changed by controlling water inlet and outlet, air inlet and outlet;

the tunnel balance detection device is positioned below the middle of the lane, and adopts a gyroscope which can provide accurate azimuth, level, position, speed and acceleration signals; the detection devices detect signals, transmit the signals to a computer, and send out control signals through computer calculation processing;

the anti-collision system is connected with the tunnel protective shell through a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank connecting device and consists of an anti-collision system internal connecting device, an anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell and an anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank; the anti-collision floating box protective shell is triangular, one side of the anti-collision floating box protective shell is tightly attached to and fixed on the tunnel protective shell, the anti-collision system internal floating box is arranged in the center of the anti-collision floating box protective shell, and the anti-collision system internal connecting device is connected with the anti-collision floating box protective shell and the anti-collision system internal floating box through the connecting frame so as to relatively fix the anti-collision floating box protective shell and the anti-collision system internal floating; the floating box in the anti-collision system is made of FRP materials, and the structure of the external collided part is ensured to be inwards sunken with the maximum strength on the premise of not being damaged by virtue of the strength and the toughness of the structure;

the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device adopts a common mechanical connecting structure, pins are arranged on the tunnel protective shell and the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell, and a connecting hole is reserved on the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device; during installation, only the connecting holes on the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank connecting device need to be aligned, and the pins on the tunnel protective shell and the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell are inserted and connected;

the escape system is positioned on two sides of the lane, the two sides of the lane are connected with escape compartment storage spaces through escape system inlets, more than two escape compartments are stored in each escape compartment storage space, and escape compartment ejection ports are arranged on the escape compartment storage spaces and are directly connected to the sea; the escape compartment is provided with an escape compartment inlet, and an oxygen supply system, an escape compartment seat and an escape compartment power system are arranged in the escape compartment; the escape cabin inlet is connected with the cabin body in a pressure sealing mode by adopting a cabin door which translates outside the cabin; the oxygen supply system is divided into two parts, one part is an oxygen storage device which is arranged between the shell and the escape compartment seat and stores sufficient oxygen, and the other part is an oxygen supply device which is arranged on the escape compartment seat and is connected with the oxygen storage device; the escape cabin seat adopts a safety belt fixing mode; the escape capsule power system is arranged at the bottom of the escape capsule, and the escape capsule is quickly flushed out of the tunnel by using jet power and ejection;

a concave-convex structure is arranged on the outermost surface of the tunnel interface, the concave-convex structure comprises a concave-convex waterproof structure groove and a convex-concave waterproof structure convex groove, and the concave-convex structure is sealed by using a waterproof sealing material; pushing the nut post base forwards to rotate along the nut post fixing buckle, connecting with the other section of the link nut interface when the link nut post rotates forwards, and transferring into the link nut interface; the distance between the two tunnels is shortened during rotation, so that the convex groove of the concave-convex waterproof structure enters the concave-convex waterproof structure groove, and the waterproof sealing material is extruded.

Furthermore, a balance detector is arranged on the left buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank and the right buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank.

Furthermore, at least 3 reinforcing rings are arranged inside the shell of the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank and are arranged at the equal division points of the shell.

The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the foam concrete is adopted, so that certain buoyancy can be provided for the tunnel; 2. the buoyancy-controllable buoyancy tank is an important structure for maintaining the vertical balance of the tunnel, the buoyancy of the tunnel is changed by adjusting the buoyancy tank, and the change of the buoyancy is determined by the test of vehicle weight detection devices at two ends of the tunnel; 3. the external protection structure material is made of a carbon fiber composite material which can well play a role in water resistance and protection; 4. the balance detection system and related instruments are adopted, the balance state of the tunnel can be detected in real time through data, digital signals are generated and processed by a vehicle computer system, and working instructions of the controllable buoyancy tanks are generated to control the controllable buoyancy tanks; 5. the suspension tunnel construction is simple, and structural style is simple simultaneously, and it is comparatively convenient to maintain.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic vertical section of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional C-C view of the roadway of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a roadway of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the coupling nut post of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the connection nut interface of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the anti-collision buoyancy tank of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a horizontal sectional view of the escape system of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view A-A of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 11;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of the inside of the escape capsule of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 tunnel frame, 2 lane ventilating pipelines, 3 buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks, 4 lanes, 5 tunnel balance detection devices, 6 tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking devices, 7 anti-collision system internal connecting devices, 8 anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shells, 9 anti-collision system internal buoyancy tanks, 10 concave-convex waterproof structure grooves, 11 concave-convex waterproof structure convex grooves, 12 escape cabins, 13 escape cabin ejection openings, 14 linking nut columns, 15 tunnel protective shells and 17 linking nut interfaces, the escape capsule comprises 18 air inlet and outlet valves, 19 water inlet and outlet valves, 20 controllable buoyancy tank main bins, 21 controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bins, 22 water inlet pressure pumps, 23 lane ventilator, 24 nut column bases, 25 thrust telescopic columns, 26 rotary power machines, 27 nut column fixing buckles, 28 escape system inlets, 29 escape capsule storage spaces, 30 escape capsule inlets, 31 oxygen supply systems, 32 escape capsule seats and 33 escape capsule power systems.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

for a better understanding and appreciation of the invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, a buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel comprises a tunnel frame 1, a buoyancy-controllable buoyancy tank 3, a lane 4, a tunnel balance detection device 5, a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device 6, a tunnel protection casing 15, an anti-collision system and an escape system; firstly, prefabricating a lane 4 and a tunnel frame 1, welding a buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank 3 to the tunnel frame 1, installing the lane 4 and a tunnel balance detection device 5 in the tunnel frame 1, and installing a lane ventilating duct 2 and a lane inner ventilator 23 in a space above the lane 4; a tunnel protection shell 15 is arranged outside the tunnel frame 1; two ends of the tunnel frame 1 are respectively connected with an anti-collision system through tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking devices 6;

the structural material of the tunnel frame 1 is reinforced concrete, so that the tunnel structure can be firmer, and the overall stability of the tunnel is ensured; the external protection material of the tunnel frame 1 is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber composite material, and can well play roles in water resistance and protection;

the number of the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks 3 is 12, the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks are respectively arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions of the tunnel frame 1, the upper surface and the lower surface of the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks are respectively 8, the left and the right sides of the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks are respectively 4, the upper and the lower buoyancy tanks are mainly used for changing the buoyancy of the tunnel according to the size of traffic load so as to maintain the depth of the tunnel in water, the left and the right buoyancy tanks are mainly used for maintaining the left and the right balance, balance detectors are arranged on the left and the right buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks, and the left and the right buoyancy tanks and the tunnel balance detection device 5 jointly detect and control according to signals of the balance detectors so as to achieve higher detection precision of the tunnel and; the detection devices detect signals and transmit the signals to a computer, and the control signals are sent out through the calculation processing of the computer to change the buoyancy of the left buoyancy tank and the right buoyancy tank so as to achieve the balance in the horizontal direction; the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank 3 comprises a cylindrical shell, the main body of the shell is of a carbon fiber structure, and two ends of the shell are hemispherical end sockets and are in sealed connection with the hemispherical end sockets through welding; the interior of the shell is divided into five chambers which are mutually sealed along the axial direction of the shell through a bulkhead steel plate, a controllable buoyancy tank main chamber 20 and 4 controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary chambers 21, the controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary chambers 21 are respectively positioned at two sides of the controllable buoyancy tank main chamber 20, and two controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary chambers are arranged at one side; two exhaust valves are arranged on the controllable buoyancy tank main bin 20, and an air inlet and outlet valve 18, an inlet and outlet valve 19 and an inlet pressure pump 22 are arranged on the controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bin 21; at least 3 reinforcing rings are arranged in the shell and are arranged at the equal division points of the shell; the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank is adjusted through the air inlet and outlet valve 18 and the water inlet and outlet valve 19, and the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank 3 is used for splicing and sinking the long-distance pipeline;

the tunnel balance detection device 5 is fixed under the middle of the lane 4, the gyroscope (futaba series gyroscope, with GY520 in the same level as jr G750T, and with GY701 at the highest end (integrating all functions of GY520 and gv-1 constant velocity instrument)) is a mechanical device, the main part of which is a rotor rotating at extremely high angular velocity to the rotating shaft, the rotor is mounted in a bracket; an inner ring frame is added on a central shaft of the rotor, so that the gyroscope can freely move around the two planar shafts; then, adding an outer ring frame outside the inner ring frame; the gyroscope has two gimbal rings that are free to move about three planar axes. The gyroscope can provide accurate signals of azimuth, level, position, speed, acceleration and the like; the sensor data is obtained through the sensor and used for sensing whether the tunnel is balanced left and right, the state of the tunnel is calculated through computer analysis and calculation, and therefore the computer sends an instruction to control the controllable buoyancy tank 3 to guarantee balance of the bridge; when the tunnel inclines to the left, the computer sends out an instruction to enable the left buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank 3 to discharge water and enter air, and the right buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank 3 to discharge water and discharge air, so that the tunnel is balanced; when the floating cage inclines to the right side, the working principle is similar to that of the left side, the floating cage 3 with controllable buoyancy on the right side is used for discharging water and air, and the floating cage 3 with controllable buoyancy on the left side is used for discharging water and air;

the two ends of the tunnel are provided with vehicle weight detection devices, and the weight of a vehicle entering the tunnel can be detected by referring to the existing motor vehicle weight detection system on the highway; the passing speed range of the automobile is specified, the position of the automobile in the tunnel in any time period can be predicted through computer calculation, and then the computer sends out a signal instruction to control the controllable buoyancy tank to change the buoyancy; in a general state, when the automobile flow is stable, the tunnel can maintain the stability of the tunnel through the inertia of the tunnel, and the buoyancy of the tunnel needs to be changed to maintain the balance only when a large-sized freight automobile and a large-mass transit tool pass through the tunnel;

the anti-collision system is connected with the tunnel protective shell 15 through a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank connecting device 6, consists of an anti-collision system internal connecting device 7, an anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell 8 and an anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank 9 and is arranged on two sides of the tunnel; the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell 8 is triangular, one side of the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell is tightly attached to and fixed on the tunnel protective shell 15, the anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank 9 is arranged in the center of the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell 8, and the anti-collision system internal connecting device 7 is connected with the frame to connect the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell 8 and the anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank 9, so that the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell and the anti-collision system internal buoyancy; the main functions of the anti-collision system are to provide buoyancy and reduce the impact of various underwater conditions on the tunnel so as to reduce the damage of the tunnel; the inner buoyancy tank 9 of the anti-collision system is made of an FRP material (Fiber Reinforced Polymer, FRP for short) which is a composite material formed by winding, molding or pultrusion a reinforcing Fiber material, such as glass Fiber, carbon Fiber, aramid Fiber, etc., with a base material; common fiber-reinforced composite materials are classified into glass fiber reinforced composite materials (GFRP), carbon fiber reinforced composite materials (CFRP), and aramid fiber reinforced composite materials (AFRP) according to the reinforcing material; the fiber reinforced composite material has the characteristics of (1) high specific strength and large specific modulus, (2) designability of material performance, (3) good corrosion resistance and durability, and (4) close thermal expansion coefficient to that of concrete; the characteristics enable the FRP material to meet the requirements of modern structures on large span, high rise, heavy load, light weight, high strength and work development under severe conditions, and can also meet the requirements of industrialized development of modern building construction, so that the FRP material is more and more widely applied to the fields of various civil buildings, bridges, highways, oceans, hydraulic structures, underground structures and the like; the tunnel has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength, and can ensure certain safety of the tunnel; the structure dissipates energy through the inner structure and the outer structure, when sea waves and other conditions occur, the deformation of the outer structure dissipates energy and dissipates energy, the outer structure of a collided part is guaranteed to be inwards sunken with the maximum strength on the premise of not being damaged by virtue of the strength and the toughness of the outer structure, and the peripheral box body structure reversely pushes external impulsive force to do work by virtue of the excellent performances of complete elasticity and low strain rate of FRP materials by slowly releasing the deformation energy to form the reverse work of the buoyancy box so as to further consume the impulsive force; the inner structure of the inner buoyancy tank 9 of the anti-collision system has lower rigidity and weaker constraint than the inner structure of the outer structure, when the outer structure of the buoyancy tank is impacted, the inner structure has larger extrusion deformation space than the outer structure, when the outer structure is impacted, the residual energy is transmitted to the inner member through the connecting structure of the inner structure and the outer structure, and the inner structure absorbs the residual kinetic energy after the energy dissipation of the peripheral tank body structure of the buoyancy tank through the larger deformation energy dissipation and energy dissipation of the inner structure; the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device 6 adopts a common mechanical connecting structure, pins are arranged on the tunnel protective shell 15 and the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell 8, and a connecting hole is reserved on the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device 6; during installation, only the connecting holes on the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank connecting device 6 need to be aligned, and the pins on the tunnel protective shell 15 and the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell 8 need to be inserted and connected;

the escape system is positioned at two sides of the lane 4, the two sides of the lane 4 are connected with escape cabin storage spaces 29 through escape system inlets 28, each escape cabin storage space 29 stores more than two escape cabins 12, and escape cabin ejection openings 13 are formed in the escape cabin storage spaces 29 and can be directly connected to the sea; the escape compartment 12 is provided with an escape compartment inlet 30, an oxygen supply system 31, an escape compartment seat 32 and an escape compartment power system 33; the escape capsule inlet 30 is connected with the capsule body in a translational capsule door outside the capsule body and a pressure sealing mode; the oxygen supply system 31 is divided into two parts, one part is an oxygen storage device which is arranged between the shell and the escape compartment seat and stores sufficient oxygen, and the other part is an oxygen supply device which is arranged on the escape compartment seat and is connected with the oxygen storage device; the escape compartment seat 32 is fixed by a safety belt, so that the safety of people on the escape compartment seat 32 can be ensured; the escape capsule power system 33 is arranged at the bottom of the escape capsule 12, and the escape capsule 12 is rapidly flushed out of the tunnel by using jet power and ejection;

the method comprises the following steps that a concave-convex structure is arranged on the outermost surface of a tunnel interface and comprises a concave-convex waterproof structure groove 10 and a concave-convex waterproof structure convex groove 11, and high-strength composite rubber is used as a waterproof sealing material at the interface in the concave-convex structure; the rotation power machine 26 rotates to push the thrust telescopic column 25 to extend, push the nut column base 24 to rotate forwards along the nut column fixing buckle 27, and when the linked nut column 14 rotates forwards, the linked nut column is connected with the other section of the linked nut interface 17, the distance between the two tunnels is shortened during rotation, so that the convex groove 11 of the concave-convex waterproof structure enters the concave groove 10 of the concave-convex waterproof structure, waterproof rubber is extruded, and the sealing effect is achieved;

the connection of the suspension tunnel mainly utilizes a nut type connection structure to connect two ends, one section of the tunnel is connected with a telescopic nut column through a connection structure, the connection structure comprises a rotary power machine 26 and a thrust telescopic column 25, the other section of the tunnel is provided with a position of a corresponding nut interface, and the rotary power machine 26 and the thrust telescopic column 25 are started simultaneously during connection, so that the nut column is pushed to rotate and advance, and then enters the nut interface of the corresponding end; six linking structure columns are arranged at the interface of each section of tunnel, and basically, six positions are evenly distributed to ensure the safety of the tunnel; the outer surface of the interface of the tunnel balance detection device adopts a concave-convex structure, so that the sealing effect is good; in addition, the connection structure is used as the firmest position in the tunnel, titanium alloy is used as the main material, and other metals are used as the auxiliary materials;

all the parts are connected with a tunnel frame and fixed on the frame, and then foam concrete is used for pouring to fill the space of each part, but a channel for subsequent workers to construct is reserved during filling; the whole tunnel is poured by foam concrete, so that the stability and the safety of the suspended tunnel are greatly improved.

The utility model discloses a variable buoyancy suspension tunnel, tunnel access & exit need to leave a section of tunnel on shore and bank certain distance, mainly be the device of installation vehicle weight, can accurately measure vehicle weight is the key of maintaining tunnel balance; for the tunnel floating downwards, two ends are closed, and key pipeline ports and traffic passing spaces at the two ends are plugged by using materials which can be disassembled inside; when the tunnel is not connected with the connecting part in the sinking process, water does not enter the tunnel, so that the internal working environment is normal; in the process of floating down the tunnel, the construction ship is fixed, and the self buoyancy is changed to control the sinking and rising, so that the construction difficulty is greatly reduced; when the tunnel sinks to a proper position, the tunnel is suspended through control, the tunnel is kept stable and moves slowly through the connection of a construction ship, the unconnected part of the tunnel is slowly close to the connected part, the connected part is slowly combined, the concave-convex waterproof structure groove and the convex-concave waterproof structure groove are aligned, then a rotating power machine is started, the linking nut column is rotated into the linking nut interface, and the concave-convex structure is tightly pressed through rotating force to achieve the sealing waterproof effect; in the connected part, constructors enter to remove the sealing materials to enable the interior to be normally communicated; the above installation process is repeated and the connection of each segment is made.

It should be understood that technical features not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art. The above embodiments are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A buoyancy-variable suspension tunnel is characterized by comprising a tunnel frame (1), a buoyancy-controllable buoyancy tank (3), a lane (4), a tunnel balance detection device (5), a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device (6), a tunnel protective shell (15), an anti-collision system and an escape system;

the tunnel frame (1) is internally provided with a buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank (3), a lane (4) and a tunnel balance detection device (5), the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank (3) is fixed on the frame (1), the lane (4) is fixedly connected with the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank (3), and the tunnel balance detection device (5) is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the lane (4); a tunnel protective shell (15) is arranged outside the tunnel frame (1); two ends of the tunnel frame (1) are respectively connected with an anti-collision system through tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking devices (6); vehicle weight detection devices are arranged at two ends of the tunnel;

the structural material of the tunnel frame (1) is reinforced concrete, so that the tunnel structure is firmer; the external protection material of the tunnel frame (1) is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber composite material;

the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks (3) are arranged at the upper, lower, left and right positions of the tunnel frame (1), each buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank (3) comprises a shell, the two ends of each shell are hemispherical end sockets, controllable buoyancy tank main bins (20) and controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bins (21) are arranged in the shells, and the controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bins (21) are positioned at the two sides of the controllable buoyancy tank main bins (20); two exhaust valves are arranged on the controllable buoyancy tank main bin (20); an air inlet and outlet valve (18), a water inlet and outlet valve (19) and a water inlet pressure pump (22) are arranged on the controllable buoyancy tank auxiliary bin (21), and the buoyancy force borne by the tunnel is changed by controlling water inlet and outlet, air inlet and outlet;

the tunnel balance detection device (5) is positioned below the middle of the lane (4), a gyroscope is adopted in the tunnel balance detection device (5), and the gyroscope can provide accurate azimuth, level, position, speed and acceleration signals; the detection devices detect signals, transmit the signals to a computer, and send out control signals through computer calculation processing;

the anti-collision system is connected with the tunnel protective shell (15) through a tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank connecting device (6), and consists of an anti-collision system internal connecting device (7), an anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell (8) and an anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank (9); the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell (8) is triangular, one side of the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell is tightly attached to and fixed on the tunnel protective shell (15), the anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank (9) is arranged in the center of the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell (8), and the anti-collision system internal connecting device (7) is connected with the frame to connect the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell (8) and the anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank (9) so that the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell and the anti-collision system internal buoyancy tank are relatively; the buoyancy tank (9) in the anti-collision system is made of FRP materials, and the structure of the external collided part is ensured to be inwards sunken with the maximum strength on the premise of not being damaged by virtue of the strength and toughness of the structure;

the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device (6) adopts a common mechanical connecting structure, pins are arranged on the tunnel protective shell (15) and the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell (8), and a connecting hole is reserved on the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device (6); during installation, only the connecting holes on the tunnel anti-collision buoyancy tank linking device (6) need to be aligned, and the pins on the tunnel protective shell (15) and the anti-collision buoyancy tank protective shell (8) are inserted and connected;

the escape system is positioned at two sides of the lane (4), two sides of the lane (4) are connected with escape compartment storage spaces (29) through escape system inlets (28), more than two escape compartments (12) are stored in each escape compartment storage space (29), and escape compartment ejection openings (13) are arranged on the escape compartment storage spaces (29) and are directly connected to the sea; the escape compartment (12) is provided with an escape compartment inlet (30), an oxygen supply system (31), an escape compartment seat (32) and an escape compartment power system (33) are arranged in the escape compartment; the escape cabin inlet (30) is connected with the cabin body in a pressure sealing mode by adopting a cabin door which translates outside the cabin; the oxygen supply system (31) is divided into two parts, one part is an oxygen storage device which is arranged between the shell and the escape compartment seat (32) and stores sufficient oxygen, the other part is an oxygen supply device which is arranged on the escape compartment seat (32), and the oxygen storage device is connected with the supply device; the escape compartment seat (32) adopts a safety belt fixing mode; the escape compartment power system (33) is arranged at the bottom of the escape compartment (12) and uses jet power and ejection to enable the escape compartment (12) to rapidly rush out of the tunnel;

a concave-convex structure is arranged on the outermost surface of the tunnel interface, the concave-convex structure comprises a concave-convex waterproof structure groove (10) and a concave-convex waterproof structure tongue (11), and the concave-convex structure is sealed by waterproof sealing materials; the nut column base (24) is pushed forwards to rotate along the nut column fixing buckle (27), and when the linked nut column (14) rotates forwards, the linked nut column base is connected with the linked nut interface (17) at the other section and is transferred into the linked nut interface; the distance between the two tunnels is shortened during rotation, so that the convex groove (11) of the concave-convex waterproof structure enters the concave-convex waterproof structure groove (10), and the waterproof sealing material is extruded.

2. The variable buoyancy levitation tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the left and right buoyancy controllable buoyancy tanks (3) are provided with balance detectors.

3. The variable buoyancy levitation tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy controllable buoyancy tank (3) has at least 3 reinforcing rings inside the hull and at equal division points of the hull.

Images