CN115305955A - Triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure, testing device and method - Google Patents
Triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure, testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/067—Floating tunnels; Submerged bridge-like tunnels, i.e. tunnels supported by piers or the like above the water-bed
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- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure, a testing device and a method, which are characterized in that: a triangular three-dimensional type floating tunnel body is connected through a connection channel, a floating bag is arranged on the periphery of the connection channel, and the floating weight ratio of the floating tunnel is adjusted through inflation or non-inflation of the floating bag; suspension tunnel body structure comprises as the outer tube jointly as the whole cast-in-place body that inner tube, 3D printed under water by the prefabricated tube coupling of connection, and the outer surface of outer tube is the structure line on similar sharkskin surface, and the outside of inner tube joint is with 3D printing material, inboard high performance waterproof geotechnological cloth and the high material that absorbs water of arranging under water. The invention uses the principles of the most stable triangle and the bionic sharkskin to overcome the leakage problem caused by splicing the prefabricated pipe joints by combining cast-in-place and prefabrication and assists in designing, building and researching the underwater suspension tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean engineering, in particular to a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure, a testing device and a method.
Background
The underwater suspension tunnel, also called Archimedes bridge, is proposed as a transportation mode across rivers, lakes and seas and is pursued by vast technologists. The underwater suspension tunnel fixing mode comprises a buoy type, an anchor cable type and a pile type. The underwater suspension tunnel body is mainly stabilized through the balance among buoyancy, self weight, traffic load and a fixing system; the device is generally arranged at the position of 30-50 m underwater, and has small influence on the shipping on the water surface; suspended in water, is relatively less influenced by the landform of the sea bed and the hydrogeological conditions. The construction of the underwater suspension tunnel has relatively small influence on the surrounding natural environment (including coastal geological rock layers and natural landscapes); compared with the traditional large-span bridge, the bridge can be operated in all weather, and is relatively less influenced by severe weather conditions such as strong wind, heavy rain and thick fog; compared with the traditional immersed tube tunnel and submarine tunnel traffic structure, the construction cost of unit length is relatively lower, and the total construction cost cannot be increased along with the increase of span. However, the underwater suspended tunnel is still in the research and feasibility demonstration stage at present, and no practical engineering application exists worldwide.
Before the application of the invention, chinese invention patent 'a suspension tunnel parameterized cross section geometric optimization shape and parameter seeking algorithm' (CN 11709079B) proposes an idea of designing the cross section geometric shape of the suspension tunnel body according to the water flow condition and the structural attribute, and improves the purpose of adapting the suspension tunnel body to the water flow; the invention discloses an underwater suspension tunnel (CN 112854300B), and provides a technical idea of isolating a cavity from water flow by using a shell, wherein the form or posture of the shell can be adjusted by combining the water flow and traffic operation load conditions in the cavity, so that the aim of controlling the floating-weight ratio of a suspension tunnel body is fulfilled. However, the cross section or the shell of the suspended tunnel body is special, which is not beneficial to the standardized design and construction, and is also not beneficial to the connection with the land tunnel on the bank slope, and the manufacturing cost is increased.
Before the application of the invention, chinese invention patent 'a double-pipe suspended tunnel pipe body joint device and a construction method' (CN 114150702B) and Chinese invention patent 'an underwater inverted arch-shaped suspended double tunnel positioned by using a steel cable and a construction method' (CN 110258643B) provide a joint or construction method of the double-pipe suspended tunnel, and more underwater suspended tunnels are designed or constructed aiming at the expansion of a single-pipe suspended tunnel. Whether single pipe or double pipe is considered from the functional point of view, not from the structural stability point of view of the underwater floating tunnel itself. The invention discloses a suspended tunnel system for inhibiting dynamic response (CN 112064678A), and provides an underwater suspended tunnel body device, wherein a buoyancy adjustable device is arranged above two travelling crane pipe bodies, and a rigid truss is arranged below the two travelling crane pipe bodies, so that the dynamic response of waves to the underwater suspended tunnel body structure is inhibited.
The underwater suspended tunnel body is generally assembled and spliced by prefabricating pipe joint components in a revetment dock and then hauling the prefabricated pipe joint components to a designed position, wherein a joint between the prefabricated pipe joint components is one of the weakest links of damage and water leakage. Before the application of the invention, a plurality of patents including ' a device for butting and installing pipe sections of an underwater suspension tunnel ' (CN 105275014B) ' and ' a pipe section connecting structure of an underwater inclined-pulling type suspension tunnel ' (CN 111254984B) of Chinese inventions all propose a connecting scheme of a connector of an underwater suspension tunnel body; however, in the conventional butt joint type, the male and female snap joint type or the horn type, gaps among prefabricated pipe joint components exposed in water exist, and the connecting joint has many and complicated parts and is easily corroded by seawater; gaps between these prefabricated pipe section components can develop into potential water leakage channels, which can bring safety hazards to the underwater suspended tunnel.
Bionics is a science that simulates the special skills of living things, and develops new machines or new technologies or solves the problems of mechanical technologies by understanding the structural and functional principles of living things. Shark is the king of velocity in the sea, and besides a perfect streamline body type, the rough microstructure of the skin surface, namely a three-dimensional interlocking rib structure, can improve the fluid structure and the flow state of a turbid current boundary layer flowing through the shark, thereby reducing the resistance; for example, the shark skin-imitated swimsuit developed by SPEEDO company can reduce the resistance born by swimmers by 4%; the American space navigation agency applies a shark skin-like rib structure to the surface of an aircraft, and air resistance in the flight process is reduced by 6.6%.
In addition, the existing model test device and method for the suspension tunnel are all based on the conventional gravity condition; the scale effect is obvious, and the problem of ending distortion is easily caused. Therefore, it is very important to develop a suspension tunnel body structure with better structural stability and more stable suspension tunnel body joint performance and to develop model test research under a real stress condition.
Disclosure of Invention
Before the invention, the following defects exist in the design, construction and experimental research process of the suspension tunnel: (1) The single-tube or double-tube tunnel form is adopted, and the self stability of the suspension tunnel body is poor; (2) The cavity function in the suspension tunnel body is positioned and used disorderly, and the traffic passing function, the lifeline engineering and the floating-weight ratio adjusting function are used in a mixed way, so that the long-term safe operation and maintenance are not facilitated; (3) The waterproof and anti-corrosion of the prefabricated pipe joint of the suspension tunnel are not really and effectively solved; (4) The device and the method for testing the performance of the surrounding suspension tunnel are based on a reduced scale model test under a normal gravity condition, and have the problems of obvious reduced scale effect and result distortion.
The invention aims to provide a centrifugal model test device and a centrifugal model test method of a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure and a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body model under the action of waves, aiming at providing technical support for design, construction and research of an underwater suspension tunnel.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the triangular three-dimensional type floating tunnel body is connected through a communication channel, a floating bag is arranged on the periphery of the communication channel, and the floating weight ratio of the floating tunnel is adjusted through inflation or non-inflation of the floating bag; suspension tunnel body structure comprises as the outer tube jointly as the whole cast-in-place body that inner tube, 3D printed under water by the prefabricated tube coupling of connection, and the outer surface of outer tube is the structure line on similar sharkskin surface, and the outside of inner tube joint is with 3D printing material, inboard high performance waterproof geotechnological cloth and the high material that absorbs water of arranging under water.
The suspension tunnel body is formed into a three-dimensional triangular three-dimensional form by three pipes through a communication channel and can be fixed through a float type, an anchor cable type, a pile column type or a float-anchor cable combined type; wherein the two pipes are parallel to the horizontal plane and are used as the traffic function of highways, railways or pedestrians; the third tube is positioned below or above the first tube and is used for the crossing function of the lifeline engineering; the triangular stereo form has good stability.
Preferably, the third tube, which is a lifeline engineering pass-through function, is arranged below the other two tubes, and has a smaller diameter than the two tubes, which are traffic passing functions, and the two tubes, which are traffic passing functions, have the same diameter.
Preferably, the triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body is S-shaped on the horizontal plane and has an energy dissipation effect on wave force.
The communication channel can be used for vehicle or pedestrian traffic among the three tubes, an inflator pump is arranged in the communication channel, and a floating bag is arranged on the outer wall of the communication channel; when the buoyancy needs to be improved, the floating bag on the outer wall of the communication channel is inflated by using the inflator pump in the communication channel; when the buoyancy needs to be reduced, the inflator pump is stopped and the inflation hole of the floating bag is opened, and the floating bag is gradually reduced under the action of water pressure.
The 3D printing material is a quick-setting high-performance anti-corrosion and anti-seepage concrete material.
The waterproof geotextile takes a plastic film as an anti-seepage base material, and a bentonite thin layer and a non-woven fabric material are sequentially arranged on two sides of the plastic film.
The high water absorption material can be polyacrylamide water-soluble high molecular polymer.
A method for building a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure is technically characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Prefabricating pipe joints and connecting channels on a revetment dock according to design requirements, wherein the pipe joints can be of equal diameter or variable diameter, and male and female buckles are arranged at two ends of the pipe joints; the outer side wall of the communication channel is provided with a floating bag.
(2) And combining the three pipe sections through communication channels to form a section of triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe section, and then prefabricating other triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe sections in sequence.
(3) Dragging the prefabricated triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe sections to a designed position by using a tugboat, and then sequentially splicing the triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe sections to complete full-length connection; the spliced integral suspension tunnel is S-shaped on the horizontal plane; the suspended tunnel pipe section joint can be of a constant-section male-female buckle type or a variable-section bamboo joint type.
(4) Carrying out cast-in-place construction on the outer side wall of the prefabricated suspended tunnel pipe section which is connected in the full length mode, particularly a joint section, by utilizing an underwater 3D printing technology; by designing a 3D printing path, forming a cast-in-place integral outer pipe with the wall thickness of 20-30 cm on the outer side of a prefabricated suspension tunnel pipe section, and integrally wrapping a full-length suspension tunnel to form a prefabricated and underwater 3D printing cast-in-place combined suspension tunnel body; the cast-in-place integral outer pipe with the integrated full length can play a good role in protecting the corrosion resistance of parts of the prefabricated pipe joint and the leakage prevention of joint gaps.
(5) After the cast-in-place construction of the suspended tunnel body is completed, the outer side wall of the cast-in-place integral outer pipe is carved by the underwater robot, so that the surface texture of the outer side wall is similar to the surface of sharkskin, and the acting force of water flow on the suspended tunnel body is reduced.
(6) Arranging high-performance waterproof geotextile and a high-water-absorption material at a joint at the inner side of a prefabricated suspension tunnel pipe section, regularly observing the properties of the high-water-absorption material in an operation and maintenance stage, and timely replacing the high-water-absorption material, thereby ensuring that the joint is watertight; and arranging an inflator pump in the connection channel, and connecting the inflator pump with a floating bag outside the connection channel to finish the construction of the floating-weight ratio adjusting system.
The utility model provides a three-dimensional suspension tunnel body structural stability's of triangle centrifugation model test device under wave action, its technical characterstic in that includes: geotechnical drum centrifuge, mould groove, high definition are camera under water, small-size wave making device, suspension tunnel body model, fixed system, ocean soil and sea water. The model groove is made of transparent toughened glass; the high-definition underwater cameras are provided with 3 cameras, are respectively arranged on the top surface and two orthogonal side surfaces of the model groove and are connected with the processing device through data lines; the small wave generator can move up and down, left and right along the sliding groove on the side wall, and the wave force formed by the small wave generator is vertical to the model of the suspended tunnel body or forms an angle of 45-90 degrees; the suspension tunnel body model is made of organic glass tubes, and the three tubes are connected through communication to form a triangular three-dimensional shape; the fixing system is respectively of a float type, an anchor cable type, a pile column type or a float-anchor cable combined type.
A test method of a centrifugal model test device for testing the stability of a triangular three-tube suspended tunnel body under the action of waves is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Arranging a model test; 4 mold grooves are made of transparent toughened glass, and sliding grooves capable of sliding up and down, left and right are formed in one side of each mold groove; determining the shape and size of a molding groove by combining the model of the geotechnical drum type centrifuge; filling a layer of ocean soil at the bottom of the model groove and filling 1/2-2/3 of the height of the model groove with seawater; making a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body model by using an organic glass tube, and putting the model into seawater in a model groove; in four cavities of the geotechnical drum type centrifuge, a floating drum type, an anchor cable type, a pile column type or a floating drum-anchor cable combined type is used for fixing a suspended tunnel body model.
(2) Monitoring system arrangement; arranging movable small wave generators on the sliding grooves of the model groove, and arranging underwater high-definition cameras on the top and two orthogonal side surfaces of the model groove; the small wave making device and the underwater high-definition camera are connected with the control device and the data acquisition and processing device through data lines respectively.
(3) Carrying out a test; after the relative positions of the suspended tunnel body model, the fixing system, the underwater high-definition camera and the small wave generator are determined, starting the centrifugal machine to a designed rotating speed; after maintaining for 3-5 minutes, checking whether the data acquisition of the underwater high-definition camera is stable and whether the suspended tunnel body model and the fixing system are stable; then, starting a small wave generator, and monitoring the dynamic response and stability of the suspended tunnel body model under the action of waves; and finally, simulating the included angles between different wave force magnitudes, wave action directions and the suspended tunnel body model by changing the power of the small wave generator and the relative position angle between the small wave generator and the suspended tunnel body model, and obtaining corresponding test data.
(4) The test is finished; and (3) closing the small wave generator, the underwater high-definition camera and the geotechnical drum type centrifugal machine in sequence, removing the suspended tunnel body model, the fixing system, the seawater, the ocean soil, the small wave generator and the underwater high-definition camera in the model groove, and completing the test.
Preferably, when the ocean soil in the centrifugal model test is transparent soil, a visual displacement field of interaction between the anchor cable type fixing system and the soil body can be observed and obtained in the test process.
Preferably, the floating-weight ratio can be adjusted by changing the number of the tiny balloons arranged outside the suspended tunnel body model, and the force system balance of the fixing system is coordinated.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body provided by the invention has self stability compared with the existing single-tube or double-tube suspension tunnel body by using the most stable principle of the triangle, and the traffic passing function, the lifeline engineering traversing function and the floating-weight ratio adjusting function are classified in a partition manner, so that the long-term safe operation, maintenance and management are facilitated.
(2) The suspension tunnel body provided by the invention is composed of the prefabricated pipe joints and the underwater 3D printed cast-in-place integral pipe body, and the problems of corrosion of prefabricated pipe joint parts and leakage of gaps of pipe joint structures are effectively solved by carrying out underwater 3D printed cast-in-place integral pipe body on the outer sides of the prefabricated pipe joints in a through-length mode.
(3) Based on bionics principle, 3D prints cast-in-place whole body surface of body and carves under water through underwater robot, forms the structure line of similar sharkskin, reduces wave, rivers and to the effect influence of suspension tunnel body.
(4) The centrifugal model test device and the centrifugal model test method for the stability of the triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body under the action of waves provided by the invention overcome the problem of the scale effect in the existing suspension tunnel model test device and method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a suspended tunnel body pipeline combining prefabrication and underwater 3D printing cast-in-place according to the patent of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a centrifugal model testing apparatus for stability of a triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body under the action of waves according to the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-traffic passing functional pipelines, 2-lifeline engineering crossing functional pipelines, 3-communication channels, 4-floating bags, 5-equal-section male and female buckle type prefabricated pipe joints, 6-variable-section bamboo joint type prefabricated pipe joints, 7-underwater 3D printing long cast-in-place pipe bodies, 8-high-performance waterproof geotextile and high water absorption materials, 9-model grooves, 10-suspension tunnel body models, 11-sliding grooves, 12-small wave generators, 13-underwater high-definition cameras, 14-buoy type fixing systems, 15-anchor cable type fixing systems, 16-pile column type fixing systems, 17-buoy-anchor cable combined fixing systems, 18-seawater and 19-ocean soil.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention patent will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body connected through a communication channel, which includes a traffic passage functional pipeline 1, a lifeline engineering pass-through functional pipeline 2 and a communication channel 3; the pipeline 1 serving as the traffic passing function is arranged in parallel with the horizontal plane, the pipeline 2 serving as the lifeline engineering traversing function is arranged above or below (in the embodiment, below) the pipeline 1 serving as the traffic passing function, and the suspension tunnel body can be fixed through a float type, an anchor rope type, a pile column type or a float-anchor rope combined type (in the embodiment, an anchor rope type); the triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body is S-shaped on the horizontal plane and has an energy dissipation effect on wave force.
The communication channel 3 can be used for vehicle or pedestrian traffic among three tubes, and is also provided with an inflator pump; a floating bag 4 is arranged at the periphery of the connecting channel 3, and the floating weight ratio of the floating tunnel is adjusted by inflating or not inflating the floating bag 4; when the buoyancy needs to be improved, the floating bag 4 on the outer wall of the communication channel is inflated by using the inflator pump in the communication channel 3; when the buoyancy needs to be reduced, the inflator pump is stopped and the inflation hole of the floating bag 4 is opened, and the floating bag 4 is gradually reduced under the action of water pressure.
The suspended tunnel body is completed by adopting connected prefabricated pipe joints and integrally cast underwater 3D printing, and the prefabricated pipe joints can be equal-section male and female buckle type prefabricated pipe joints 5 or variable-section bamboo joint type prefabricated pipe joints 6; the outer surface of the joint of the suspension tunnel body is attached with an underwater 3D printing material, and the inner side wall of the joint is provided with high-performance waterproof geotextile and a high water absorption material 8. The 3D printing material is a quick-setting high-performance anti-corrosion and anti-seepage concrete material. The waterproof geotextile takes a plastic film as an anti-seepage base material, and a bentonite thin layer and a non-woven fabric material are sequentially arranged on two sides of the plastic film. The high water absorption material can be polyacrylamide water-soluble high molecular polymer. The outer surface of the suspension tunnel body is provided with structural grains similar to the surface of sharkskin.
A method for building a triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body combined with underwater 3D printing comprises the following steps:
(1) According to design requirements, pipe joints (equal-section male and female buckle type prefabricated pipe joints 5 or variable-section bamboo joint type prefabricated pipe joints 6) and a connecting channel 4 are prefabricated in a revetment dock, the pipe joints can be equal in diameter or variable in diameter, and male and female buckles are arranged at two ends of the pipe joints; the outer side wall of the communication channel 3 is provided with a floating bag 4.
(2) And combining the three pipe sections through the communication channel 3 to form a section of triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe section, and then sequentially finishing suspended tunnel pipe sections of other sections.
(3) Dragging the suspended tunnel pipe sections to the designed positions by using a tugboat, and then sequentially splicing and connecting the suspended tunnel pipe sections to complete full-length connection; the spliced integral suspension tunnel is S-shaped on the horizontal plane; the suspension tunnel pipe section joint can be a uniform-section male-female buckle type prefabricated pipe section 5 or a variable-section bamboo joint type prefabricated pipe section 6.
(4) Performing cast-in-place construction on the outer side wall of the prefabricated suspended tunnel pipe section, particularly a joint section, which is subjected to full-length connection by using an underwater 3D printing technology; by designing a 3D printing path, forming a cast-in-place pipe body (20 cm in the embodiment) with the wall thickness of 20-30 cm on the outer side wall of a prefabricated suspension tunnel pipe section, integrally wrapping a full-length suspension tunnel, and forming a suspension tunnel body combining prefabrication and underwater 3D printing and cast-in-place; the integral full-length underwater 3D printing cast-in-place pipe body 7 can play a good role in protecting corrosion resistance of parts of the prefabricated pipe joint and leakage prevention of gaps of the joint structure.
(5) After the cast-in-place construction of suspension tunnel body is accomplished, utilize underwater robot to carve suspension tunnel body lateral wall, make its surface texture similar sharkskin surface to reduce the effort of rivers to suspension tunnel body.
(6) Arranging high-performance waterproof geotextile and a high-water-absorption material 8 on a joint section on the inner side wall of the prefabricated suspension tunnel pipe section, regularly observing the properties of the high-water-absorption material in an operation and maintenance stage, and timely replacing the high-water-absorption material, thereby ensuring that the joint is watertight; an inflator pump is arranged in the connection channel and is connected with a floating bag 4 outside the connection channel 3, so that the construction of the floating weight ratio adjusting system is completed.
Example 2:
the utility model provides a three-dimensional suspension tunnel body stability ability's of triangle centrifugation model test device under wave action, its technical characterstic in that includes: the device comprises a geotechnical drum type centrifuge, a model groove 9, a high-definition underwater camera 13, a small wave generator 12, a suspension tunnel body model 10, a buoy type fixing system 14 or an anchor cable type fixing system 15 or a pile type fixing system 16 or a buoy-anchor cable combined type fixing system 17, seawater 18 and ocean soil 19. The model groove 9 is made of transparent toughened glass; the three high-definition underwater cameras 13 are respectively arranged on the top surface and two orthogonal side surfaces of the model groove 9 and are connected with the processing device through data lines; the small wave generator 12 can move up and down, left and right along the sliding groove 11 of the side wall, and the wave force formed by the small wave generator 12 is vertical to the suspended tunnel body model 10 or at an angle of 45-90 degrees (vertical in the embodiment); the suspended tunnel body model 10 is made of organic glass tubes, and the three tubes are connected in a communication mode to form a triangular three-dimensional shape.
The testing method of the centrifugal model testing device for the stability of the triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body under the action of waves comprises the following steps:
(1) Arranging a model test; four model grooves 9 are made of transparent toughened glass, and one side of each model groove 9 is provided with a sliding groove 11 which can slide up and down, left and right; determining the shape and size of the molding groove 9 by combining the model of the geotechnical drum type centrifuge; filling a layer of ocean soil 19 and seawater 18 (1/2 in the embodiment) with the height of 1/2-2/3 of the model groove at the bottom of the model groove 9; a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body model 10 is made by using an organic glass tube and is placed into seawater 18 in a model groove 9; in the four cavities of the geotechnical drum centrifuge, the suspended tunnel body model 10 is fixed by using a float type, an anchor rope type, a pile column type or a float-anchor rope combined type respectively.
(2) Monitoring system arrangement; a movable small wave generator 12 is arranged on a sliding chute 11 of the model groove 9, and an underwater high-definition camera 13 is arranged on the top and two orthogonal side surfaces of the model groove 9; the small wave generator 12 and the underwater high-definition camera 13 are respectively connected with the control device and the data acquisition and processing device through data lines.
(3) Carrying out a test; after the relative positions of the suspended tunnel body model 10, the buoy type fixing system 14 or the anchor cable type fixing system 15 or the pile type fixing system 16 or the buoy-anchor cable combined type fixing system 17, the underwater high-definition camera 13 and the small wave generator 12 are determined, starting a centrifugal machine to a designed rotating speed; after maintaining for 3-5 minutes, checking whether the data acquisition of the underwater high-definition camera 13 is stable and whether the suspended tunnel body model 10 and the fixing system are stable; then, starting the small wave generator 12, and monitoring the performance of the suspended tunnel body model 10 under the action of waves; finally, by changing the power of the small wave generator 12 and the relative position angle between the small wave generator and the suspended tunnel body model 10, the included angles between different wave forces, wave action directions and the suspended tunnel body model 10 are simulated, and corresponding test data are obtained.
(4) The test is finished; and (3) closing the small wave generator 12, the underwater high-definition camera 13 and the geotechnical drum type centrifugal machine in sequence, removing the suspended tunnel body model 10, the fixing system, the seawater 18, the ocean soil 19, the small wave generator 12 and the underwater high-definition camera 13 in the model groove, and completing the test.
Preferably, when the marine soil 19 in the centrifugal model test is transparent soil, the interaction displacement field between the anchor cable type fixing system and the soil body can be observed and obtained in the test process. Preferably, the floating-weight ratio can be adjusted by changing the number of the tiny balloons arranged outside the suspended tunnel body model 10, and the force system balance of the fixed system is coordinated.
From the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications within the scope not departing from the technical idea of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications are within the scope of the present invention. The patent of the invention is not to be considered as exhaustive, and belongs to the common general knowledge of the technicians in the field.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional suspension tunnel body structure of triangle which technical characterized in that: the triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body is connected through a communication channel, a floating bag is arranged on the periphery of the communication channel, and the floating weight ratio of the suspension tunnel is adjusted through inflation or non-inflation of the floating bag; suspension tunnel body structure comprises as the outer tube jointly as the whole cast-in-place body that inner tube, 3D printed under water by the prefabricated tube coupling of connection, and the outer tube surface is the structure line on similar sharkskin surface, and the outside of inner tube joint is with 3D printing material, inboard waterproof geotechnological cloth of high performance and the high material that absorbs water under water with.
2. A method for building a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body structure is technically characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Prefabricating pipe joints and connecting channels on a revetment dock according to design requirements, wherein the pipe joints can be of equal diameter or variable diameter, and male and female buckles are arranged at two ends of the pipe joints; the outer side wall of the communication channel is provided with a floating bag;
(2) Combining the three pipe sections through communication channels to form a section of triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe section, and then prefabricating other triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe sections in sequence;
(3) Dragging the prefabricated triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe sections to a designed position by using a tugboat, and then sequentially splicing the triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel pipe sections to complete full-length connection; the spliced integral suspension tunnel is S-shaped on the horizontal plane; the suspended tunnel pipe section joint can be of a constant-section male-female buckle type or a variable-section bamboo joint type;
(4) Carrying out cast-in-place construction on the outer side wall of the prefabricated suspended tunnel pipe section which is connected in the full length mode, particularly a joint section, by utilizing an underwater 3D printing technology; forming a cast-in-place integral outer pipe with the wall thickness of 20-30cm on the outer side of a prefabricated suspension tunnel pipe section by designing a 3D printing path, and integrally wrapping a full-length suspension tunnel to form a prefabricated and underwater 3D printing cast-in-place combined suspension tunnel body; the cast-in-place integral outer pipe with integrated full length can play a good role in protecting the corrosion resistance of parts of the prefabricated pipe joint and the leakage prevention of joint gaps;
(5) After the cast-in-place construction of the suspended tunnel body is completed, the outer side wall of the cast-in-place integral outer pipe is carved by an underwater robot, so that the surface texture of the cast-in-place integral outer pipe is similar to the surface of sharkskin, and the acting force of water flow on the suspended tunnel body is reduced;
(6) Arranging high-performance waterproof geotextile and a high-water-absorption material at the joint on the inner side of the prefabricated suspension tunnel pipe section, regularly observing the properties of the high-water-absorption material in the operation and maintenance stage, and timely replacing the high-water-absorption material so as to ensure that the joint is watertight; and arranging an inflator pump in the connecting channel, and connecting the inflator pump with a floating bag outside the connecting channel to finish the construction of the floating-weight ratio adjusting system.
3. The utility model provides a three-dimensional suspension tunnel body stability ability's centrifugal model test device of triangle under wave action which technical characterized in that: the device comprises a geotechnical drum type centrifuge, a model groove, a high-definition underwater camera, a small wave generator, a suspension tunnel body model, a fixing system, ocean soil and seawater;
the model groove is made of transparent toughened glass; the high-definition underwater cameras are provided with 3 cameras, are respectively arranged on the top surface and two orthogonal side surfaces of the model groove and are connected with the processing device through data lines; the small wave generator can move up and down, left and right along the sliding groove of the side wall, and the wave force formed by the small wave generator is vertical to the suspended tunnel body model or 45 o ~90 o An angle; the suspension tunnel body model is made of organic glass tubes, and the three tubes are connected through communication to form a triangular three-dimensional shape; the fixing systemThe system is respectively a float type, an anchor cable type, a pile column type or a float-anchor cable combined type.
4. A test method of a centrifugal model test device for the stability of a triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body under the action of waves is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Arranging a model test; 4 mold grooves are made of transparent toughened glass, and sliding grooves capable of sliding up and down, left and right are formed in one side of each mold groove; determining the shape and size of a molding groove by combining the model of the geotechnical drum type centrifuge; filling a layer of ocean soil at the bottom of the model groove, and filling seawater at the height of 1/2 to 2/3 of the model groove; making a triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body model by using an organic glass tube, and putting the model into seawater in a model groove; fixing a suspended tunnel body model in four cavities of the geotechnical drum type centrifuge by using a float type, an anchor cable type, a pile column type or a float-anchor cable combined type respectively;
(2) Monitoring system arrangement; arranging movable small wave generators on a sliding chute of the model groove, and arranging underwater high-definition cameras on the top and two orthogonal side surfaces of the model groove; the small wave generator and the underwater high-definition camera are respectively connected with the control device and the data acquisition and processing device through data lines;
(3) Carrying out a test; after the relative positions of the suspended tunnel body model, the fixing system, the underwater high-definition camera and the small wave generator are determined, starting the centrifugal machine to a designed rotating speed; after maintaining for 3 to 5 minutes, checking whether the data acquisition of the underwater high-definition camera is stable and whether the suspension tunnel body model and the fixing system are stable; then, starting a small wave generator, and monitoring the dynamic response and stability of the suspended tunnel body model under the action of waves; finally, simulating different wave force magnitudes and included angles between the wave action directions and the suspended tunnel body model by changing the power of the small wave generator and the relative position angle between the small wave generator and the suspended tunnel body model to obtain corresponding test data;
(4) Finishing the test; and (3) closing the small wave generator, the underwater high-definition camera and the geotechnical drum type centrifugal machine in sequence, removing the suspended tunnel body model, the fixing system, the seawater, the ocean soil, the small wave generator and the underwater high-definition camera in the model groove, and completing the test.
5. The triangular stereoscopic type floating tunnel body structure of claim 1, wherein: the suspension tunnel body is formed by three pipes through connecting channels to form a three-dimensional triangular three-dimensional form and can be fixed through a float type, an anchor cable type, a pile type or a float-anchor cable combined type; wherein the two pipes are parallel to the horizontal plane and are used as the traffic passing function of highways, railways or pedestrians; the third tube is positioned below or above the first tube and is used for the crossing function of the lifeline engineering; the triangular three-dimensional form has good self-stability, preferably, the third pipe serving as the lifeline engineering crossing function is arranged below the other two pipes, the diameter of the third pipe is smaller than that of the two pipes serving as the traffic passing function, and the two pipes serving as the traffic passing function are consistent in diameter.
6. The triangular stereoscopic type floating tunnel body structure of claim 1, wherein: the communication channel can be used for vehicle or pedestrian traffic among the three tubes, an inflator pump is arranged in the communication channel, and a floating bag is arranged on the outer wall of the communication channel; when the buoyancy needs to be improved, the floating bag on the outer wall of the communication channel is inflated by using the inflator pump in the communication channel; when the buoyancy needs to be reduced, the inflator pump is stopped and the inflation hole of the floating bag is opened, and the floating bag is gradually reduced under the action of water pressure.
7. The triangular three-dimensional suspended tunnel body structure of claim 1, wherein: the 3D printing material is a quick-setting high-performance anti-corrosion and anti-seepage concrete material.
8. The triangular three-dimensional suspension tunnel body structure of claim 1, wherein: the waterproof geotextile takes a plastic film as an anti-seepage base material, a bentonite thin layer and a non-woven fabric material are sequentially arranged on two sides of the plastic film, and the high water absorption material can be a polyacrylamide water-soluble high polymer.
9. The testing method of the centrifugal model testing device for testing the stability of the triangular three-dimensional type suspension tunnel body under the action of waves according to claim 4, is characterized in that: preferably, when the ocean soil in the centrifugal model test is transparent soil, a visual displacement field of interaction between the anchor cable type fixing system and the soil body can be observed and obtained in the test process, and preferably, the floating-weight ratio can be adjusted by changing the number of the micro balloons arranged outside the suspension tunnel body model to coordinate the force system balance of the fixing system.
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Application publication date: 20221108 |