LU500662B1 - Intelligent test apparatus for loading-type plane model frame considering action of confined water - Google Patents
Intelligent test apparatus for loading-type plane model frame considering action of confined water Download PDFInfo
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- LU500662B1 LU500662B1 LU500662A LU500662A LU500662B1 LU 500662 B1 LU500662 B1 LU 500662B1 LU 500662 A LU500662 A LU 500662A LU 500662 A LU500662 A LU 500662A LU 500662 B1 LU500662 B1 LU 500662B1
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- model frame
- simulation area
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
Abstract
The present invention discloses an intelligent test apparatus for a loading-type plane model frame considering an action of confined water. A vertical model frame includes an elongated base, and vertical columns fixed vertically at both ends of the elongated base; a plurality of baffles are connected detachably between the same-side edges of the two vertical columns; the plurality of baffles, the two vertical columns and the elongated base are enclosed to form a loading simulation area; a loading mechanism is located at a top opening of the loading simulation area and installed between the top ends of the two vertical columns, and can apply pressure vertically to the interior of the loading simulation area; and a confined water simulation mechanism includes a water bag disposed at the bottom of the loading simulation area, and a pressure control assembly located outside the loading simulation area and connected with the water bag. The apparatus provided by the present invention is simple in structure, reasonable in design and convenient in use and operation, can overcome the defects of difficulty in top load application, non-uniformity in simulation of a stress field, missing of a seepage field and single test means in the existing plane similar model frame, and can meet the test requirements of simulation with different buried depths.
Description
INTELLIGENT TEST APPARATUS FOR LOADING-TYPE PLANE MODEL FRAME
CONSIDERING ACTION OF CONFINED WATER LU500662
The present invention relates to the technical field of plane similar models, in particular to a plane similar model loading apparatus and a test system, and particularly relates to an intelligent test apparatus and test system for a loading-type plane model frame considering an action of confined water.
A similar physical simulation test is a primary technical means to solve the deformation of stope surrounding rock and instability of roadways, and a plane similar model apparatus is a basic device for performing the similar physical simulation test. The essence of the similar physical simulation test is to make an actual rock stratum into a model according to a certain similarity ratio (a time similarity ratio, a stress similarity ratio, a geometric similarity ratio, etc.) and to excavate the model the rock stratum under the condition that a control model is similar to a prototype, so as to monitor and analyse features such as deformation damage of a stope roof and floor, instability of roadway surrounding rock and activation of faults.
At present, due to the limited size, the model frame cannot perform the simulation on the whole strata, and balancing weights are generally used to perform the loading pressure on the rock stratum roof. However, with the gradual increase of a mining depth, the number of stacked layers of the balancing weights is increased in the same proportion, which increases the danger of the test personnel to a certain extent. Moreover, the construction of the balancing weights is complicated, which leads to the impossibility of simulating the stress field of surrounding rock effectively. At the same time, the deep confined water poses a serious threat to the mining of the rock stratum, but the existing plane model frame usually only considers the impact of the stress field, and abandons the comprehensive action of confined aquifer water pressure and the seepage field. In terms of the test means, point sensors such as pressure boxes are usually arranged inside the model to test the internal stress field, however, the point sensors cannot obtain consecutive distributive data volume.
Therefore, for the plane similar model system of the stope surrounding rock, an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is to propose an intelligent test apparatus and test system for a loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water.
In view of this, the present invention provides an intelligent test apparatus for a loading-type plane model frame considering an action of confined water, which aims at solving the above technical problems.
To realize the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: U500662
The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water includes: — a vertical model frame, wherein the vertical model frame includes an elongated base and vertical columns fixed vertically at both ends of the elongated base; a plurality of elongated baffles are connected detachably between the same-side edges of the two vertical columns; and the plurality of baffles, the two vertical columns and the elongated base are enclosed to form a loading simulation area with an open top end and a closed periphery and bottom, and rock strata are laid in layers in the loading simulation area in a simulation manner, — a loading mechanism, wherein the loading mechanism is located at a top opening of the loading simulation area and installed between the top ends of the two vertical columns, and can apply pressure vertically to the interior of the loading simulation area; and — a confined water simulation mechanism, wherein the confined water simulation mechanism includes a water bag disposed at the bottom of the loading simulation area and a pressure control assembly located outside the loading simulation area and connected with the water bag.
Through the above technical solution, the apparatus provided by the present invention is simple in structure, reasonable in design and convenient in use and operation, can overcome the defects of difficulty in top load application, non-uniformity in simulation of a stress field, missing of a seepage field and single test means in the existing plane similar model frame, and can meet the test requirements of simulation with different buried depths.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water, the loading mechanism includes a fixed beam, an oil cylinder group, a first force application plate, a second force application plate and a spring group; both ends of the fixed beam are fixed at the top ends of the two vertical columns respectively; the oil cylinder group includes a plurality of oil cylinders fixed on the top surface of the fixed beam at equal intervals along a length direction of the fixed beam, and a telescopic rod of the oil cylinder passes through the fixed beam; the first force application plate is disposed below the fixed beam in parallel, and the top surface of the first force application plate is connected fixedly with the end of the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder; the second force application plate is disposed below the fixed beam in parallel, and the spring group is connected between the first force application plate and the second force application plate. The present invention adopts the oil cylinder group to apply accurate pressure to the simulated surrounding rock stratum, and the pressure measuring range can be regulated dynamically. At the same time, the applied pressure is transferred uniformly to the lower rock stratum through the two layers of force application plates and the spring group, so that compared with the traditional pressure application with the balancing weights, the simulated stress field is more in line with the actual pressure distribution feature of the stope.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame, 500662 considering the action of the confined water, the pressure control assembly includes a connecting pipe and a loading pump; one end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the water bag, and the other end of the connecting pipe passes through the vertical columns to be connected with an outlet of the loading pump; and a pressure gauge and a one-way valve are installed on the connecting pipe. The backflow of water is prevented by the one-way valve, and the dynamic change of the pressure in the water bag can be known in real time through the pressure gauge.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water, each of the elongated base, the vertical columns and the baffles is made of channel steel. Materials are convenient to be obtained, the production is convenient, and the structure is stable.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water, the cross section of the elongated base is of an shape. The structural stability is high.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water, the edges of the vertical columns and both ends of the baffles have corresponding connecting holes. The quick installation and disassembling of the baffles are facilitated, and the connecting structure is stable.
Preferably, the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water further includes a multi-field test system. The multi-field test system includes a strain field test unit, a displacement field test unit and a geoelectrical field test unit.
The strain field test unit includes distributed fibre sensors and a Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser; a plurality of distributed fibre sensors are arranged in the loading simulation area; and the Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser is located outside the loading simulation area, and the plurality of distributed fibre sensors are connected in series through an optical fibre communication wire and then connected with the Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser.
The displacement field test unit includes optical fibre grating displacement meters and a portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument, a plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters are arranged in the loading simulation area; and the portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument is located outside the loading simulation area, and the plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters are connected in series through the optical fibre communication wire and then connected with the portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument.
The geoelectrical field test unit includes copper micro-electrodes and a parallel electrical instrument; a plurality of copper micro-electrodes are arranged in the loading simulation area; and the parallel electrical instrument is located outside the loading simulation area, and the plurality of copper micro-electrodes are connected in series and then connected with the parallel electrical 00662 instrument through an aviation plug.
The test system in the present invention includes a plurality of physical fields which can collect the distributed, point, and through data of the model, so that the obtained data volume is diversified, and the reconstruction inversion may be performed on the deformation of the stope surrounding rock more accurately.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water, the vertical columns are provided with wire holes through which cables pass. The distribution of the sensors is facilitated.
Preferably, in the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water, the plurality of distributed fibre sensors, the plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters and the plurality of copper micro-electrodes are arranged in the loading simulation area in a snakelike distribution way. The detection range and the detection accuracy can be improved.
It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the prior art, the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts the oil cylinder group to apply accurate pressure to the simulated surrounding rock stratum, and the pressure measuring range can be regulated dynamically. At the same time, the applied pressure is transferred uniformly to the lower rock stratum through the two layers of force application plates and the spring group, so that compared with the traditional pressure application with the balancing weights, the simulated stress field is more in line with the actual pressure distribution feature of the stope. 2. The present invention considers the comprehensive action of the confined water and the seepage field to simulate the mining of the rock stratum under pressure in the deep stope, which is more in line with the actual situation. 3. The test apparatus provided by the present invention is simple to disassemble and low in cost; and at the same time, the force transfer performance of the spring group is better than an elastic plate. 4. The test system in the present invention includes a plurality of physical fields which can collect the distributed, point and through data of the model, so that the obtained data is diversified, and the reconstruction inversion may be performed on the deformation of the stope surrounding rock more accurately.
To more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art, the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be simply presented below. Apparently, the following drawings only show embodiments of the present invention, and for those ordinary skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained 00662 according to the provided drawings without contributing creative labour.
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a front surface of a test apparatus provided by the present invention; 5 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a back surface of a test apparatus provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a side view of a test apparatus provided by the present invention; and
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a test apparatus provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-vertical model frame; 11-elongated base; 12-vertical column; 121-wire hole; 13-baffle; 14-loading simulation area; 15-connecting hole; 2-loading mechanism; 21-fixed beam; 22-oil cylinder group; 23-first force application plate; 24-second force application plate; 25-spring group; 3-confined water simulation mechanism; 31-water bag; 32-pressure control assembly; 321-connecting pipe; 322-loading pump; 323-pressure gauge; 324-one-way valve; 4-strain field test unit; 41-distributed fibre sensor; 42-Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser; 5-displacement field test unit; 51-optical fibre grating displacement meter; 52-portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument; ©-geoelectrical field test unit: ©1-copper micro-electrode; 62-parallel electrical instrument
Technical solutions in embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in combination with accompanying drawings in embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those ordinary skilled in the art without creative labour shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, embodiments of the present invention disclose an intelligent test apparatus for a loading-type plane model frame considering an action of confined water, which includes:
a vertical model frame 1, wherein the vertical model frame 1 includes an elongated base 00662 11, and vertical columns 12 fixed vertically at both ends of the elongated base 11; a plurality of baffles 13 are detachably connected between the same-side edges of the two vertical columns 12; the plurality of baffles 13, the two vertical columns 12 and the elongated base 11 are enclosed to form a loading simulation area 14 with an open top end and a closed periphery and bottom, and rock strata are laid in layers in the loading simulation area 14 in a simulation manner; a loading mechanism 2, wherein the loading mechanism 2 is located at a top opening of the loading simulation area 14 and installed between the top ends of the two vertical columns 12, and can apply pressure vertically to the interior of the loading simulation area 14; and a confined water simulation mechanism 3, wherein the confined water simulation mechanism 3 includes a water bag 31 disposed at the bottom of the loading simulation area 14 and a pressure control assembly 32 located outside the loading simulation area 14 and connected with the water bag 31.
To further optimize the above technical solution, the loading mechanism 2 includes a fixed beam 21, an oil cylinder group 22, a first force application plate 23, a second force application plate 24 and a spring group 25; both ends of the fixed beam 21 are fixed at the top ends of the two vertical columns 12 respectively; the oil cylinder group 22 includes a plurality of oil cylinders fixed on the top surface of the fixed beam 21 at equal intervals along a length direction of the fixed beam 21, and a telescopic rod of the oil cylinder passes through the fixed beam 21; the first force application plate 23 is disposed below the fixed beam 21 in parallel, and the top surface of the first force application plate 23 is connected fixedly with the end of the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder; the second force application plate 24 is disposed below the fixed beam 21 in parallel; and the spring group 25 is connected between the first force application plate 23 and the second force application plate 24.
To further optimize the above technical solution, the pressure control assembly 32 includes a connecting pipe 321 and a loading pump 322; one end of the connecting pipe 321 is communicated with the water bag 31, and the other end of the connecting pipe 321 passes through the vertical columns 12 to be connected with an outlet of the loading pump 322; and a pressure gauge 323 and a one-way valve 324 are installed on the connecting pipe 321.
To further optimize the above technical solution, each of the elongated base 11, the vertical columns 12 and the baffles 13 is made of channel steel.
To further optimize the above technical solution, the cross section of the elongated base 11 is of an | shape.
To further optimize the above technical solution, the edges of the vertical columns 12 and both ends of the baffles 13 have corresponding connecting holes 15.
To further optimize the above technical solutions, the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water further includes a multi-field test system; and the multi-field test system includes a strain field test unit 4, 3500662 displacement field test unit 5 and a geoelectrical field test unit 6.
The strain field test unit 4 includes distributed fibre sensors 41 and a Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser 42; a plurality of distributed fibre sensors 41 are arranged in the loading simulation area 14; and the Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser 42 is located outside the loading simulation area 14, and the plurality of distributed fibre sensors 41 are connected in series through an optical fibre communication wire and then connected with the
Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser 42.
The displacement field test unit 5 includes optical fibre grating displacement meters 51 and a portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument 52; a plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters 51 are arranged in the loading simulation area 14; and the portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument 52 is located outside the loading simulation area 14, and the plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters 51 are connected in series through the optical fibre communication wire and then connected with the portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument 52.
The geoelectrical field test unit 6 includes copper micro-electrodes 61 and a parallel electrical instrument 62; a plurality of copper micro-electrodes 61 are arranged in the loading simulation area 14; and the parallel electrical instrument 62 is located outside the loading simulation area 14, and the plurality of copper micro-electrodes 61 are connected in series and then connected with the parallel electrical instrument 62 through an aviation plug.
To further optimize the above technical solution, the vertical columns 12 are provided with wire holes 121 through which cables pass.
To further optimize the above technical solution, the plurality of distributed fibre sensors 41, the plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters 51 and the plurality of copper micro- electrodes 61 are arranged in the loading simulation area 14 in a snakelike distribution way.
A test method of the intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of the confined water provided by the present embodiment includes:
Firstly, a foundation framework of the vertical model frame 1 is assembled in sequence, then a thickness of each simulated rock stratum is determined according to a certain similarity ratio, and the simulated rock strata are laid in layers in the loading simulation area 14 of the rock stratum. The water bag 31 is disposed below the rock strata, and the water bag 31 is ground in different positions to make the thickness smaller so as to simulate water bursting points. The strain field test unit 4, the displacement field test unit 5 and the geoelectrical field test unit 6 are arranged reasonably inside the simulated rock strata and well labelled.
When the simulated rock strata are laid, the front and rear baffles 13 need to be stacked synchronously to fix the rock strata. After the rock strata are laid completely, the loading pump 322 is used to precharge the water bag 31 to reach certain pressure; at the same time, the oil cylinder group 22 is used on the top to load the rock stratum model; a loading force is transferred to the spring group 25 through the first force application plate 23 and synchronously transferred 00862 to the second force application plate 24; and since the transfer apparatus has good elasticity, the second force application plate 24 can always be in close contact with the top interface rock stratum of the rock stratum model, thereby guaranteeing the force transfer stability.
After the rock stratum model is air dried and consolidated for one week (the time is determined according to the actual situation), the simulated rock stratum is excavated; an excavation step is determined according to the similarity ratio; after the rock stratum model is stabilized at each excavation, the multi-field test system is used to monitor the data of a stress field, a displacement field and a geoelectrical field, and the actual deformation feature of the rock stratum model is recorded. After the excavation is finished, the data is interpreted, and the abundant multi-field data is used to perform reconstruction inversion on the deformation damage of the surrounding rock.
Each embodiment in the description is described in a progressive way. The difference of each embodiment from each other is the focus of explanation. The same and similar parts among all of the embodiments can be referred to each other. For a device disclosed by the embodiments, because the device corresponds to a method disclosed by the embodiments, the device is simply described. Refer to the description of the method part for the related part.
The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to realize or use the present invention. Many modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principle defined herein can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principle and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent test apparatus for a loading-type plane model frame considering an action of confined water, comprising: a vertical model frame (1), wherein the vertical model frame (1) comprises an elongated base (11) and vertical columns (12) fixed vertically at both ends of the elongated base (11); a plurality of elongated baffles (13) are connected detachably between the same-side edges of the two vertical columns (12); and the plurality of baffles (13), the two vertical columns (12) and the elongated base (11) are enclosed to form a loading simulation area (14) with an open top end and a closed periphery and bottom, and rock strata are laid in layers in the loading simulation area (14) in a simulation manner, a loading mechanism (2), wherein the loading mechanism (2) is located at a top opening of the loading simulation area (14) and installed between the top ends of the two vertical columns (12), and can apply pressure vertically to the interior of the loading simulation area (14); and a confined water simulation mechanism (3), wherein the confined water simulation mechanism (3) comprises a water bag (31) disposed at the bottom of the loading simulation area (14) and a pressure control assembly (32) located outside the loading simulation area (14) and connected with the water bag (31).
2. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to claim 1, wherein the loading mechanism (2) comprises a fixed beam (21), an oil cylinder group (22), a first force application plate (23), a second force application plate (24) and a spring group (25); both ends of the fixed beam (21) are fixed at the top ends of the two vertical columns (12) respectively; the oil cylinder group (22) comprises a plurality of oil cylinders fixed on the top surface of the fixed beam (21) at equal intervals along a length direction of the fixed beam (21), and a telescopic rod of the oil cylinder passes through the fixed beam (21); the first force application plate (23) is disposed below the fixed beam (21) in parallel, and the top surface of the first force application plate (23) is connected fixedly with the end of the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder; the second force application plate (24) is disposed below the fixed beam (21) in parallel; and the spring group (25) is connected between the first force application plate (23) and the second force application plate (24).
3. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control assembly (32) comprises a connecting pipe (321) and a loading pump (322); one end of the connecting pipe (321) is communicated with the water bag (31), and the other end of the connecting pipe (321) passes through the vertical columns (12) to be connected with an outlet of the loading pump (322); and a pressure gauge (323) and a one-way valve (324) are installed on the connecting pipe (321).
4. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action 500662 of confined water according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein each of the elongated base (11), the vertical columns (12) and the baffles (13) is made of channel steel.
5. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to claim 4, wherein the cross section of the elongated base (11) is of an | shape.
6. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to claim 4, wherein the edges of the vertical columns (12) and both ends of the baffles (13) have corresponding connecting holes (15).
7. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to any one of claims 1-3, 5 and 6, further comprising a multi-field test system, wherein the multi-field test system comprises a strain field test unit (4), a displacement field test unit (5) and a geoelectrical field test unit (6); the strain field test unit (4) comprises distributed fibre sensors (41) and a Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser (42); a plurality of distributed fibre sensors (41) are arranged in the loading simulation area (14); and the Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser (41) is located outside the loading simulation area (14), and the plurality of distributed fibre sensors (41) are connected in series through an optical fibre communication wire and then connected with the Brillouin optical frequency domain analyser (42); the displacement field test unit (5) comprises optical fibre grating displacement meters (51) and a portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument (52); a plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters (51) are arranged in the loading simulation area (14); and the portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument (52) is located outside the loading simulation area (14), and the plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters (51) are connected in series through the optical fibre communication wire and then connected with the portable optical fibre grating demodulation instrument (52); the geoelectrical field test unit (6) comprises copper micro-electrodes (61) and a parallel electrical instrument (62); a plurality of copper micro-electrodes (61) are arranged in the loading simulation area (14); and the parallel electrical instrument (62) is located outside the loading simulation area (14), and the plurality of copper micro-electrodes (61) are connected in series and then connected with the parallel electrical instrument (62) through an aviation plug.
8. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to claim 7, wherein the vertical columns (12) are provided with wire holes (121) through which cables pass.
9. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the action of confined water according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of distributed fibre sensors (41), the plurality of optical fibre grating displacement meters (51) and the plurality of copper micro- electrodes (61) are arranged in the loading simulation area (14) in a snakelike distribution way.
10. The intelligent test apparatus for the loading-type plane model frame considering the 500662 action of confined water according to claim 7, wherein the elongated base (11) and the vertical columns (12) are assembled; the water bag (31) is ground and thinned in different positions to simulate water bursting points, and placed on the top surface of the elongated base (11) and then connected with the pressure control assembly (32); the baffles (13) are installed from bottom to top, and rock strata are laid by simulation in the loading simulation area (14) from bottom to top; the strain field test unit (4), the displacement field test unit (5) and the geoelectrical field test unit (6) are arranged simultaneously when the rock strata are laid; the pressure control assembly (32) is used to precharge the water bag (31), and the loading mechanism (2) is used to load the rock strata; after a rock stratum model is air dried and consolidated for set time, the simulated rock stratum is excavated; an excavation step is determined according to a similarity ratio; after the rock stratum model is stabilized at each excavation, the data of a stress field, a displacement field and a geoelectrical field are monitored, and the actual deformation feature of the rock stratum model is recorded; and after the excavation is finished, the data is interpreted, and the multi-field data is used to perform reconstruction inversion on the deformation damage of the surrounding rock.
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