LU500631B1 - Foal breeding method with high rate of survival - Google Patents
Foal breeding method with high rate of survival Download PDFInfo
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- LU500631B1 LU500631B1 LU500631A LU500631A LU500631B1 LU 500631 B1 LU500631 B1 LU 500631B1 LU 500631 A LU500631 A LU 500631A LU 500631 A LU500631 A LU 500631A LU 500631 B1 LU500631 B1 LU 500631B1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/20—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for horses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
A donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival. Probiotics are supplemented to a donkey foal in 60 days, such that the prevention ability and the intestinal adaptability are improved. Malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into a feed, such that health of intestinal tract is improved, digestive absorption is promoted and the immunity is improved. An acellular matrix of large intestine of the donkey serves as a carrier to place probiotics, such that the effect of the probiotics is guaranteed. A preventative purpose is achieved by inoculant intervention in advance and nutrition supplement, and combined with nutrition supplement of a she-ass, an integral environment is controlled finally, such that the infection probability is reduced. On the premise of improving self immunity, the probability of being infected with infectious diarrhea is reduced and meanwhile, the anti-infection is improved.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the technical field of breeding, in particular to a foal breeding method with high rate of survival.
BACKGROUND Unsaturated fatty acids in ass meat account for about 70% of total amount of higher fatty acids, such that ass meat is the ideal meat for patients with high blood pressure, obesity and arteriosclerosis and the old. The proportion of the content of essential fatty acids (EFA) in donkey milk in total fatty acids is three times as much as that in human milk and the content of selenium is as 5.2 times as much as that in milk. Donkey hide contains 18 amino acids and has eight functions of, for example, enriching the blood, stopping bleeding, resisting shock, enhancing the immunity of body and the like. Collagens enriched in donkey bones can be used for manufacturing healthcare products, beauty products and the like. Donkey blood contains rich proteins, trace elements and some other biologically active substances, which is called liquid meat. Donkey penis is mild in property and has the functions of reinforcing liver and kidney and strengthening the muscles and bones.
At present, the organizational degree and the scale degree of donkey industry are relatively low, and free-ranging is still the major mode. Scientific feeding and scientific management method are in short. Large scale farming of donkeys merely accounts for 4.5% of cultivation capacity, which is far lower than the cultivation level of other livestock such as chicks and pigs. In addition, as the gestation period of the she-ass is the longest, which reaches up to averagely 360 days, the basic pregnancy rate of the she-ass is merely 60-70%. A normal she-ass is hybridized at 2.5 years, three births in three years, one foal per birth. As a result of low reproductive capacity, it is important to ensure the index of rate of survival of the donkey foal. Infectious diarrhea is one of chronic diseases restraining donkey raising industry severely and is very high in death rate clinically. The death rate of the donkey foals in a donkey farm with severe epidemic reaches over 30%, which causes huge economical loss to breeding industry of donkeys.
SUMMARY In order to solve the problem of low rate of survival and large scale farming due to infectious diarrhea of the donkey foal at current stage, the present invention provides a donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival. A preventative purpose is achieved by inoculant intervention in advance and nutrition supplement, and combined with nutrition supplement of a she-ass, an integral environment is controlled finally, such that the infection probability 1s reduced. On the premise of improving self immunity, the probability of being infected with infectious diarrhea is reduced and meanwhile, the anti-infection is improved.
A donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival, including the steps: (1) 1-10 days old donkey foals: all the foals suck breast milk freely and are induced to eat colostrums; in winter and early spring, it should pay attention to keep warm, the humidity of the integral environment is 50-70% and the temperature is 20+/-5°C properly; (2) 10-30 days old donkey foals: the foals start to pick and eat auxiliary materials, wherein the nutritive index proteins of the auxiliary materials is not lower than 15%, the proteins are selected from lactoproteins or soy proteins, and fat is not lower than 5%; malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the auxiliary materials; the foals pick and eat fresh grass outdoors; in winter and early spring, it should pay attention to keep warm, the humidity of the integral environment is 50-70% and the temperature is 20+/-5C properly; (3) 30-60 days old donkey foals: the foals eat break milk normally assisted with forage and beneficiated burden materials, wherein it is needed to increase the forage continuously, the crude protein content in the forage is 10-15%, and the coarse fibers are over 5%, such that it is ensured that the feed is easily digested and is good in palatability; malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the beneficiated burden materials; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials: the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged,
4) in a weaning transitional period of 60-90 days old donkey foals: the foals pick and eat forage and beneficiated burden materials normally assisted with breast milk; the crude proteins in dry substances of forage grass is not lower than 9%, the coarse fat is not lower than 2% and the crude fibers are over 25%; the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials;
(5) the 90 days old donkey foals to those in weaning period: the foals pick and eat a granular feed or a prepared complete feed prepared from forage and beneficiated burden materials normally matched with crude feeds with high crude fiber contents such as maize flour; in the stage, the breast nursing numbers of times for the foals are decreased, and 1300-1600 mg of calcium and 500-1000 IU vitamin D are supplemented everyday; the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials; and
(6) management of public health: the temperature of a colony house of the donkey foals in winter is not lower than 10°C, the humidity is 45-60%, illumination is conducted with fresh air;
the area for an adult pregnant or lactating donkey is 2.3-2.5 m2, and the independent space for the donkey foal is not smaller than 0.8 m2; sterilization and disinfection: surface cleaning 1s performed on the donkey foal once every 10 days; in the V stage of the donkey foals, a preventive injection tetanus antitoxin is injected; and Streptococcus equi subspecies equi,S.equi is used in an epidemic area or under a condition of infection risk; the steps (1)-(5) further includes: fresh grass or carrots, quinoa, bean dregs and brown rice rich in vitamins are added into the she-ass fed to supplement ferrum and zinc to the she-ass and ensure sufficient water supply; and the she-ass is solarized frequently; the probiotics in the steps (3)-(5) are a mixture of bacillus subtilis with CFU/g not lower than 3.0*106, lactobacillus plantarum with CFU/g not lower than 2.0*106, donkey bacillus pumilus with CFU/g not lower than 3.0*106 and the acellular matrix of large intestine of donkey.
Preferably, malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the beneficiated burden materials in the steps (4)-(5).
Preferably, the forgave in the step (4) shall be pasture with high fiber content, it is easy to absorb nutrients, stem leaves are crisp and tender and juicy, and the forage is sweat, good in palatability and is further suitable for being ensiled or regulated.
The present invention has the beneficial effects that
1. High rate of survival
Malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into a feed, such that health of intestinal tract is improved, digestive absorption is promoted and the immunity is improved. By adopting the feeding way, the immunity of the donkey foal is improved and the rate of survival of the donkey foal is further improved on a premise of ensuring public health security and guaranteeing health of the she-ass and the donkey foal.
2. Strong anti-infection performance Probiotics are supplemented to a donkey foal in 60 days, such that the prevention ability and the intestinal adaptability are improved. An acellular matrix of large intestine of the donkey serves as a carrier to place probiotics, such that the effect of the probiotics is guaranteed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1 A donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival, including the steps: (1) 1-10 days old donkey foals: all the foals suck breast milk freely and are induced to eat colostrums; in winter and early spring, it should pay attention to keep warm, the humidity of the integral environment is 50-70% and the temperature is 20+/-5°C properly; (2) 10-30 days old donkey foals: the foals start to pick and eat auxiliary materials, wherein the nutritive index proteins of the auxiliary materials is not lower than 15%, the proteins are selected from lactoproteins or soy proteins, and fat is not lower than 5%; malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the auxiliary materials; the foals pick and eat fresh grass outdoors; in winter and early spring, it should pay attention to keep warm, the humidity of the integral environment is 50-70% and the temperature is 20+/-5C properly;
(3) 30-60 days old donkey foals: the foals eat break milk normally assisted with forage and beneficiated burden materials, wherein it is needed to increase the forage continuously, the crude protein content in the forage is 10-15%, and the coarse fibers are over 5%, such that it is ensured that the feed is easily digested and is good in palatability; malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the beneficiated burden materials; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials: the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged,
4) in a weaning transitional period of 60-90 days old donkey foals: the foals pick and eat forage and beneficiated burden materials normally assisted with breast milk; the crude proteins in dry substances of forage grass is not lower than 9%, the coarse fat is not lower than 2% and the crude fibers are over 25%; the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials;
(5) the 90 days old donkey foals to those in weaning period: the foals pick and eat a granular feed or a prepared complete feed prepared from forage and beneficiated burden materials normally matched with crude feeds with high crude fiber contents such as maize flour; in the stage, the breast nursing numbers of times for the foals are decreased, and 1300-1600 mg of calcium and 500-1000 IU vitamin D are supplemented everyday; the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials; and
(6) Management of public health
(D Insect repellent sterilization: body cleaning is conducted on the donkey foal once every days, a sterilizing liquid and water diluted in a volume ratio of (1-2): (2-3) are injected into a sprayer and are sprayed to every part of the body surface of the donkey foal, the body surface is brushed once with a soft hairbrush, and the body surface is washed with water in 2-3 hours;
(2) Prevention and immunization: in the V stage of the donkey foals, a preventive injection tetanus antitoxin is injected; and Streptococcus equi subspecies equi,S.equi is used in an epidemic area or under a condition of infection risk;
© Environmental disinfection: the temperature of a colony house of the donkey foals in winter is not lower than 10°C, the humidity is 45-60%, illumination is conducted with fresh air; the area for an adult pregnant or lactating donkey is 2.3-2.5 m2, and the independent space for the donkey foal is not smaller than 0.8 m2; sterilization and disinfection are conducted,
the steps (1)-(5) further includes: fresh grass or carrots, quinoa, bean dregs and brown rice rich in vitamins are added into the she-ass fed to supplement ferrum and zinc to the she-ass and ensure sufficient water supply; and the she-ass is solarized frequently; the probiotics in the steps (3)-(5) are a mixture of bacillus subtilis with CFU/g not lower than 3.0*106, lactobacillus plantarum with CFU/g not lower than 2.0*106 and the acellular matrix of large intestine of donkey.
Malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the beneficiated burden materials in the steps (4)-(5).
The forgave in the step (4) shall be pasture with high fiber content, it is easy to absorb nutrients, stem leaves are crisp and tender and juicy, and the forage is sweat, good in palatability and is further suitable for being ensiled or regulated.
The sterilizing liquid in the step (D) in the step (6) is prepared by the steps: agastache rugosus, coptis chinensis, folium artemisiae argyi, mint, fresh ginger, jasmine and pseudo- ginseng are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:2:4:2:3:3:2:1, the mixture is put in a pot and steamed isolated from water for 60 min, and the mixture is filtered to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
The sterilizing and disinfecting way in the step © in the step (6) is spraying thermokalite and saline solution in an open field to disinfect; broad-spectrum iodophor, 5% povidone-iodine solution and 0.1% benzalkonium bromide are sprayed indoors.
Example 2 In a certain scaled donkey farm in Liaocheng, Shandong, the donkey foals are bred according to the method in the embodiment 1, and a result is shown in a table 1.
Table 1 Donkey foal feeding condition Item Number of Number of Rate of born donkey | survived donkey | survival /% foals/head foals/head
Claims (3)
1. A donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival, including the steps: (1) 1-10 days old donkey foals: all the foals suck breast milk freely and are induced to eat colostrums; in winter and early spring, it should pay attention to keep warm, the humidity of the integral environment is 50-70% and the temperature is 20+/-5°C properly; (2) 10-30 days old donkey foals: the foals start to pick and eat auxiliary materials, wherein the nutritive index proteins of the auxiliary materials is not lower than 15%, the proteins are selected from lactoproteins or soy proteins, and fat is not lower than 5%; malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the auxiliary materials; the foals pick and eat fresh grass outdoors; in winter and early spring, it should pay attention to keep warm, the humidity of the integral environment is 50-70% and the temperature is 20+/-5C properly; (3) 30-60 days old donkey foals: the foals eat break milk normally assisted with forage and beneficiated burden materials, wherein it is needed to increase the forage continuously, the crude protein content in the forage is 10-15%, and the coarse fibers are over 5%, such that it is ensured that the feed is easily digested and is good in palatability; malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the beneficiated burden materials; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials: the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged,
4) in a weaning transitional period of 60-90 days old donkey foals: the foals pick and eat forage and beneficiated burden materials normally assisted with breast milk; the crude proteins in dry substances of forage grass is not lower than 9%, the coarse fat is not lower than 2% and the crude fibers are over 25%; the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials;
(5) the 90 days old donkey foals to those in weaning period: the foals pick and eat a granular feed or a prepared complete feed prepared from forage and beneficiated burden materials normally matched with crude feeds with high crude fiber contents such as maize flour; in the stage, the breast nursing numbers of times for the foals are decreased, and 1300-1600 mg of calcium and 500-1000 IU vitamin D are supplemented everyday; the outdoor picking and eating time is prolonged; and probiotics are added into water or mixed materials; and
(6) management of public health: the temperature of a colony house of the donkey foals in winter is not lower than 10°C, the humidity is 45-60%, illumination is conducted with fresh air; the area for an adult pregnant or lactating donkey is 2.3-2.5 m2, and the independent space for the donkey foal is not smaller than 0.8 m?; sterilization and disinfection: surface cleaning is performed on the donkey foal once every 10 days; in the V stage of the donkey foals, a preventive injection tetanus antitoxin is injected; and Streptococcus equi subspecies equi,S.equi is used in an epidemic area or under a condition of infection risk; the steps (1)-(5) further includes: fresh grass or carrots, quinoa, bean dregs and brown rice rich in vitamins are added into the she-ass fed to supplement ferrum and zinc to the she-ass and ensure sufficient water supply; and the she-ass is solarized frequently; the probiotics in the steps (3)-(5) are a mixture of bacillus subtilis with CFU/g not lower than 3.0*106, lactobacillus plantarum with CFU/g not lower than 2.0*106, donkey bacillus pumilus with CFU/g not lower than 3.0*106 and the acellular matrix of large intestine of donkey.
2. The donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival according to claim 1, malt, semen coicis, passion fruit peels and endothelium corneum gigeriae galli are added into the beneficiated burden materials in the steps (4)-(5).
3. The donkey foal breeding method with high rate of survival according to claim 1, the forgave in the step (4) shall be pasture with high fiber content, it is easy to absorb nutrients, stem leaves are crisp and tender and juicy, and the forage is sweat, good in palatability and is further suitable for being ensiled or regulated.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110472899 | 2021-04-29 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| LU500631B1 true LU500631B1 (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| LU500631A LU500631B1 (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-05-08 | Foal breeding method with high rate of survival |
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| LU (1) | LU500631B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022227107A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108419754A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 合肥卓畅农业科技有限公司 | A kind of meat donkey cultural method promoting growth |
| CN108835048A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-11-20 | 贵州宏伟富康牧业养殖有限责任公司 | A kind of commodity donkey method for quickly breeding |
| CN111548965B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-03-18 | 山东省农业科学院 | Donkey-derived bacillus pumilus and application thereof in preparation of medicine for treating diarrhea of donkey colt |
| CN111903612B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2022-05-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | Feeding method for breeding donkey in northern farming-grazing staggered manner |
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2021
- 2021-05-08 LU LU500631A patent/LU500631B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2021-05-08 WO PCT/CN2021/092335 patent/WO2022227107A1/en active Application Filing
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