LU500058A1 - Safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device and method - Google Patents

Safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
LU500058A1
LU500058A1 LU500058A LU500058A LU500058A1 LU 500058 A1 LU500058 A1 LU 500058A1 LU 500058 A LU500058 A LU 500058A LU 500058 A LU500058 A LU 500058A LU 500058 A1 LU500058 A1 LU 500058A1
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LU
Luxembourg
Prior art keywords
water
water injection
high voltage
hole
borehole
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Application number
LU500058A
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German (de)
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LU500058B1 (en
Inventor
Xiangchun Li
Baisheng Nie
Junqing Meng
Changxing Li
Kedi Wang
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Univ China Mining
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Publication of LU500058A1 publication Critical patent/LU500058A1/en
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Publication of LU500058B1 publication Critical patent/LU500058B1/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/06Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
    • E21C37/12Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/18Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by electricity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/18Plugs for boreholes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D3/00Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045Arrangements for electric ignition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The device includes a controller (4), a high voltage power supply (3), an energy storage capacitor (5), a discharge switch (6), a high voltage electrode (8), a hole packer (9), and a water injection system. The controller (4) is connected to each of the high voltage power supply (3) and the discharge switch (6). is used for controlling the high voltage power supply (3) to charge the energy storage capacitor (5), and controlling the on-off of the discharge switch (6) The energy storage capacitor (5) is connected to the high voltage electrode (8) through the discharge switch (6). The water injection water system is used for injecting water into the drilled hole (2) of the rock mass. The hole packer (9) is a rubber ring hole packer, and is used for sealing an orifice of the drilled hole (2) of the rock mass.

Description

DESCRIPTION LU500058
SAFE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY ROCK BLASTING DEVICE AND METHOD
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of rock blasting, and in particular to a safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device and method.
BACKGROUND With rapid development of industrialization process, the rock blasting technology has been widely used in urban construction, bridge and tunnel engineering, water conservancy and power engineering, mining, and various road engineering construction. Hard and brittle physical properties are possessed by rock, and its compressive strength is usually higher than its shear strength and tensile strength. In conventional rock blasting, rock masses are often broken by converting the explosion energy produced by using an explosive into mechanical energy. However, during rock blasting, there were certain potential safety hazard in transportation, storage and use processes of the explosive. In addition, a large number of broken flying stones would be produced during a blasting operation due to the uncontrollability of the explosion energy and the explosion shock wave direction of the explosive, which brings serious harm to personnel and equipment within a certain range of an operation. In addition, a large number of toxic and harmful smoke and dust particles were produced in a blasting process pollute the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to find an environmentally friendly and safe rock blasting technology and device which can replace conventional explosives. The explosive effect produced by this new technology and device could reach or even outperform traditional explosives.
SUMMARY The objective of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly and safe rock blasting device and method.
To achieve the above objective, the following solutions are provided: A safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device includes a controller, a high voltage power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a discharge switch, a high voltage electrode, a hole packer and a water injection system; The controller is connected to each of the high voltage power supply and the discharge switch in a manner of controlling the same. It is used for controlling the high voltage power supply to charge the energy storage capacitor, and controlling the on-off of the discharge switch;
The energy storage capacitor is connected to the high voltage electrode through the discharge switch; 17500056 The high voltage electrode is arranged in a rock mass borehole, and the rock mass borehole is a hole drilled in a rock mass to be blasted; The water injection water system is used for injecting water into the rock mass borehole; The hole packer is a rubber ring hole packer, and is used for sealing an orifice of the rock mass borehole; a cable hole used for a high voltage cable to penetrate is formed in the rubber ring hole packer; the high voltage cable is a cable for connecting the discharge switch and the high voltage electrode; the size of the cable hole is matched with that of the cross section of the high voltage cable.
Optionally, the water injection system includes a water injection pump, a water storage tank, and a water injection pipe. The water storage tank is connected to the water injection pipe through the water injection pump. The water injection pipe is used for injecting water into the rock mass borehole.Optionally, a water injection hole for the water injection pipe to penetrate is formed in the hole packer. The size of the water injection hole is matched with that of the cross section of the water injection pipe, and the water injection pipe is a high-pressure metal pipe.
Optionally, the water injection system further includes a water guide pipe. A water guide hole for the water guide pipe to penetrate is further formed in the hole packer. The size of the water guide hole is matched with that of the cross section of the water guide pipe, and the water guide pipe is a high-pressure metal pipe.
Optionally, the water injection system further includes high-pressure rubber hoses. The water injection pump is connected to each of the water injection pipe and the water storage tank through the high-pressure rubber hoses.
Optionally, the water injection system further includes a first valve, a second valve, and a third valve. The first valve is mounted on the high-pressure rubber hose between the water injection pump and the water storage tank. The second valve is mounted on the high-pressure rubber hose between the water injection pump and the water injection pipe. The third valve ismounted on the part, located on the outer side of the hole packer, of the water guide pipe.
A safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting method is provided by the present invention further. The method is applied to the rock blasting device provided by the present invention, and the method includes: Constructing a borehole with a set depth in a pre-blasted rock mass; Connecting a cable to a high voltage electrode after penetrating through a cable hole in a rubber ring hole packer; Lowering the high voltage electrode to a preset position of the borehole;
Fixing the rubber ring hole packer at a preset distance from the orifice in the borehole; Rotating a screw of the rubber ring hole packer to compress a rubber ring of the hole packer. 200058 and tightly sealing the gaps between the rubber ring and the cable, a water injection pipe, a water guide pipe, and a wall surface on the periphery of the borehole by using an expansion effect of the rubber ring, Turning on a water injection pump, injecting water into the borehole repeatedly, and shunting down the water injection pump until there is water overflowing at a nozzle of the water guide pipe and a drop value of a liquid level is less than a set value; Turning on a high voltage power supply, charging, through a controller, an energy storage capacitor by the high voltage power supply, and stopping charging when the energy storage capacitor 1s charged to a set voltage; Turning on, through the controller, a discharge switch to make the energy storage capacitor release electric energy to the high voltage electrode to complete a discharge blasting operation.
According to a specific embodiment provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects: in the rock blasting device and method provided by the present invention, the energy storage capacitor is charged by using the high voltage charging power supply. After a charging voltage reaches a breakdown voltage, the controller controls the discharge switch to turn on to transmit high electric energy in the energy storage capacitor to the high voltage electrode, so as to form a high voltage between a positive tip and a negative tip of the high voltage electrode. The high voltage breaks down a liquid medium in a gap between a positive electrode and a negative electrode to form a discharge channel. All the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor is released in the discharge channel within a short time and generates a high temperature and a high pressure. The liquid around the discharge channel is subjected to high temperature and high pressure to produce a strong detonation shock wave (the maximum pressure can reach several hundred to several thousand MPa), and the shock wave is transmitted outwards to blast the surrounding rock mass. In the present invention, the traditional explosive blasting 1s replaced by electric blasting. Because an electric blasting process may be operated remotely and there is no dangerous goods, such as an explosive, the safety in transportation, storage and use is high. In addition, the electric blasting method provided by the present invention does not generate toxic and harmful smoke that is generated by conventional explosive blasting. A blast hole is full of water during use, and there is no large amount of dust generated and flying in a rock crushing process, so that the method has the characteristic of good environmental friendliness.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings 99958 required for describing the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings according to these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock blasting device in the embodiments of the present invention.
1-rock mass; 2-rock mass borehole; 3-high voltage power supply; 4-controller; 5-energy storage capacitor; 6-discharge switch; 7-high voltage cable; 8-high voltage electrode; 9-hole packer; 10-water injection pipe; 11-water guide pipe; 12-high-pressure rubber hose; 13-water injection pump; 14-water storage tank; 15-first valve; 16-second valve; 17-third valve; 18-hole packer screw; 19-water.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are merely part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. On the basis of the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the above objective, features, and advantages of the present invention become more apparent and more comprehensible, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.
A safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device is provided in the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the rock blasting device includes a controller 4, a high voltage power supply 3, an energy storage capacitor 5, a discharge switch 6, a high voltage electrode 8, a hole packer 9, and a water injection system. The controller 4 is connected to each of the high voltage power supply 3 and the discharge switch 6 in a manner of controlling the same, and is used for controlling the high voltage power supply 3 to charge the energy storage capacitor 5, and controlling the on-off of the discharge switch 6. The energy storage capacitor 5 is connected to the high voltage electrode 8 through the discharge switch 6. The high voltage electrode 8 isarranged in a rock mass borehole 2. The water injection water system is used for injecting water into the rock mass borehole 2. The hole packer 9 is used for sealing an orifice of the rock mass borehole 2. The rock mass borehole 2 is a hole drilled in a rock mass 1 to be blasted. The 99956 hole packer 9 may be a rubber ring hole packer. A cable hole used for a high voltage cable 7 to pass through is formed in the rubber ring hole packer. The high voltage cable 7 is a cable for connecting the discharge switch 6 and the high voltage electrode 8. The size of the cable hole is matched with that of the cross section of the high voltage cable 7. When the rock blasting device is used, firstly, the high voltage electrode 8 is lowered into the rock mass borehole 2. Water is injected into the rock mass borehole 2 through the water injection system, a rubber ring of the hole packer 9 is compressed, and the orifice of the rock mass borehole 2 is sealed through the expansion of the rubber ring. Then, the energy storage capacitor 5 is controlled to transmit high voltage electric energy to the high voltage electrode 8, so as to form a high voltage between a positive tip and a negative tip of the high voltage electrode 8. The high voltage breaks down a liquid medium in a gap between a positive electrode and a negative electrode to form a discharge channel. All energy stored in the energy storage capacitor 5 is released in the discharge channel within a short time (about 1 to 10 us) to generate a high temperature and a high pressure. Because the liquid around the discharge channel is subjected to high temperature and high pressure, a strong shock wave is generated in the liquid around the discharge channel (the maximum pressure may reach several hundred to several thousand MPa) and the shock wave is transmitted outward to blast the surrounding rock mass.
In the present embodiment, the water injection system may include a water injection pump 13, a water storage tank 14, and a water injection pipe 10. The water storage tank 14 isconnected to the water injection pipe 10 through the water injection pump 13. The water injection pipe 10 is used for injecting water into the rock mass borehole 2. As a preferred implementation manner, a water injection hole for the water injection pipe 10 to pass through isformed in the hole packer 9. The size of the water injection hole is matched with that of the cross section of the water injection pipe 10, and the water injection pipe is a high-pressure metal pipe, for example, a high-pressure steel pipe.
In the present embodiment, the water injection system may further include a water guide pipe 11. A water guide hole for the water guide pipe 11 to pass through is further formed in the hole packer 9. The size of the water guide hole is matched with that of the cross section of the water guide pipe 11, and the water guide pipe 11 is a high-pressure metal pipe, for example, a high-pressure steel pipe.
In the present embodiment, the water injection system may further include high-pressure rubber hoses 12. The water injection pump 13 is connected to each of the water injection pipe and the water storage tank 14 through the high-pressure rubber hoses 12.
As a preferred implementation manner, the water injection system may further include a first valve 15, a second valve 16, and a third valve 17. The first valve 15 is mounted on the 00% high-pressure rubber hose between the water storage tank 14 and the water injection pump 13. The second valve 16 is mounted on the high-pressure rubber hose between the water injection pump 13 and the water injection pipe 10. The third valve 17 is mounted on the part, located on the outer side of the hole packer, of the water guide pipe 11.
In the present embodiment, an operation method for blasting by using the rock blasting device provided by the present invention can be specifically as follows:(1) The rock mass 1 is selected at the construction site, and a 10 cm diameter rock borehole 2 is drilled at the designated location of the pre-blasted rock mass. The drilling is stopped when the drilling depth reaches the design depth; then, a drill tool is withdrawn, and the drill cuttings in the drill hole are cleaned up; one end of the high-pressure cable 7, the water injection pipe 10 and the water guide pipe 11 are penetrated out from the cable hole, the water injection hole, and the water guide hole reserved in the rubber ring of the hole packer 9; the leading-out high voltage cable 7 is connected to the high voltage electrode 8 in a crimping manner; the connected high voltage electrode 8 is lowered to a preset position in the borehole; the hole packer 9 is moved to the position, 30 to 40 cm away from the orifice, in the rock mass borehole 2 on the high voltage cable 7 for fixing, so that the water injection pipe 10 and the water guide pipe 11 may be exposed from through holes in the hole packer 9; (2) A hole packer screw 18 is rotated to compress the rubber ring of the hole packer 9, so that the compressed rubber ring is in close contact with the gaps between the rubber ring of the hole packer 9 and the high voltage cable 7, the water injection pipe 10, the water guide pipe 11, and a wall surface on the periphery of the rock mass borehole 2 to seal the rock mass borehole 2 after expanding; (3) After above steps are completed, the first valve 15, the second valve 16 and the third valve 17 are opened in turn. The water injection pump 13 is turned on, and water is injected into the borehole 2. The water injection pump 13 is shut down to stop injecting water when the water is discharged from the water guide pipe 11. Water is injected again after five minutes. Water is injected repeatedly until water is discharged from the nozzle of the water guide pipe 11 and the water level does not drop significantly within 5 minutes (a drop value is less than a preset value). Then, the water injection pump 13 is shut down, and the first valve 15, the second valve 16, and the third valve 17 are closed; (4) The high voltage power supply 3 is turned on. The high voltage power supply 3 is controlled, through the controller 4, to charge the energy storage capacitor 5. The energy storage capacitor 5 is stopped being charged until is it charged to a preset voltage threshold value. The discharge switch 6 is controlled, through the controller 4, to turn on, so that the electric energy stored in the energy storage capacitor 5 is transmitted to the high voltage electrode 8 through the 7500058 high voltage cable 7, high electric energy is instantaneously released in the water between the two tips of the high voltage electrode, the water is gasified and expanded to generate high temperature and high pressure shock wave, and the high pressure shock wave acts on the rock mass 1 to damage and crack the rock mass 1.
By repeating above steps, repeated discharging operations may be completed until the blasting effect of the rock mass 1 meets an expected requirement.
The rock blasting device and method provided by the present invention mainly use a hydro-electric effect produced by high voltage electric pulse in the liquid water with incompressible property to convert the electric energy into mechanical energy in the liquid, and the mechanical energy acts on the surrounding rock mass in the form of high-pressure shock wave, causing crack of the rock mass. Compared with blasting a rock by using the conventional explosive, the method and the device have the following advantages: 1) The whole set is completely electromechanical equipment, acts relying on electric energy, and does not have a potential safety hazard in storage and transportation.
2) Discharge can be performed repeatedly. The maximum discharge energy can reach 600KJ. The energy can be regulated in stages. The whole set of device can be operated in a large range, has low energy consumption, low cost, small environmental impact, and is suitable for various blasting operating conditions.3) The device discharges in the water in borehole, which cannot produce a large amount of dust and smoke, so the device is green and environmentally friendly.
4) The device may be operated and controlled remotely, so that the safety of personnel in an operation area during discharging can be guaranteed.
Various embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of various embodiments may be referred to one another.
Herein, specific examples are used to describe the principle and implementation manners of the present invention. The description of the embodiments above is merely intended to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications based on the idea of the present invention with respect to the specific implementation manners and the application scope. In conclusion, the contents of the present specification shall not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (7)

CLAIMS LU500058
1. A safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device, comprising: a controller, a high voltage power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a discharge switch, a high voltage electrode, a hole packer and a water injection system, wherein the controller is connected to each of the high voltage power supply and the discharge switch in a manner of controlling the same, is used for controlling the high voltage power supply to charge the energy storage capacitor, and controlling the on-off of the discharge switch; the energy storage capacitor is connected to the high voltage electrode through the discharge switch; the high voltage electrode is arranged in a rock mass borehole, and the rock mass borehole is a hole drilled in a rock mass to be blasted; the water injection water system is used for injecting water into the rock mass borehole; the hole packer is a rubber ring hole packer, and is used for sealing an orifice of the rock mass borehole; a cable hole used for a high voltage cable to penetrate is formed in the rubber ring hole packer; the high voltage cable is a cable for connecting the discharge switch and the high voltage electrode; the size of the cable hole is matched with that of the cross section of the high voltage cable.
2. The rock blasting device according to claim 1, wherein the water injection system includes an injection pump, a water storage tank and a water injection pipe; the water storage tank is connected with the water injection pipe through the water injection pump, and the water injection pipe is used for injecting water into the rock mass borehole.
3. The rock blasting device according to claim 2, wherein a water injection hole for the water injection pipe to pass through is formed in the hole packer; the size of the water injection hole matches the size of the cross section of the water injection pipe, and the water injection pipe is a high-pressure metal pipe.
4. The rock blasting device according to claim 3, wherein the water injection system further includes a water guide pipe; a water guide hole for the water guide pipe to pass through is further formed in the hold packer; the size of the water guide hole is matched with the size of the cross section of the water guide pipe, and the water guide pipe is a high-pressure metal pipe.
5. The rock blasting device according to claim 4, wherein the water injection system further comprises high-pressure rubber hoses, and the water injection pump is connected to each of the water injection pipe and the water storage tank through the high-pressure rubber hoses.
6. The rock blasting device according to claim 5, wherein the water injection system further LU500058 comprises a first valve, a second valve, and a third valve; the first valve is mounted on the high-pressure rubber hose between the water injection pump and the water storage tank; the second valve is mounted on the high-pressure rubber hose between the water injection pump and the water injection pipe; the third valve is mounted on the part, located on the outer side of the hole packer, of the water guide pipe.
7. À safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting method, applied to the rock blasting device according to claim 4, comprising: constructing a borehole with a set depth in a pre-blasted rock mass; connecting a cable to a high voltage electrode after penetrating through a cable hole in a rubber ring hole packer; lowering the high voltage electrode to a preset position of the borehole; fixing the rubber ring hole packer at a preset distance from the orifice in the borehole; rotating a screw of the rubber ring hole packer to compress a rubber ring of the hole packer, so as to tightly seal the gaps between the rubber ring and the cable, a water injection pipe, a water guide pipe, and a wall surface on the periphery of the borehole by using an expansion effect of the rubber ring, turning on a water injection pump, injecting water into the borehole many times repeatedly, and shunting down the water injection pump until there is water overflowing from the nozzle of the water guide pipe and a drop value of a liquid level is less than a set value; turning on a high voltage power supply, charging an energy storage capacitor by the high voltage power supply through a controller, and stopping charging when the energy storage capacitor is charged to a set voltage; turning on, through the controller, a discharge switch to make the energy storage capacitor release electric energy to the high voltage electrode to complete a discharge blasting operation.
LU500058A 2020-03-23 2020-06-03 Safe and environmentally friendly rock blasting device and method LU500058B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010206379.7A CN111396049B (en) 2020-03-23 2020-03-23 Safe and environment-friendly rock blasting device and method

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LU500058A1 true LU500058A1 (en) 2021-10-20
LU500058B1 LU500058B1 (en) 2022-02-22

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LU (1) LU500058B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021189660A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA202103021B (en)

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ZA202103021B (en) 2022-07-27
CN111396049B (en) 2021-05-07
LU500058B1 (en) 2022-02-22
CN111396049A (en) 2020-07-10
WO2021189660A1 (en) 2021-09-30

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