CN112922597A - Coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112922597A CN112922597A CN202110234998.1A CN202110234998A CN112922597A CN 112922597 A CN112922597 A CN 112922597A CN 202110234998 A CN202110234998 A CN 202110234998A CN 112922597 A CN112922597 A CN 112922597A
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- carbon dioxide
- drilling
- phase change
- storage cavity
- liquid storage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine retaining wall type drilling and phase change fracturing device and a working method thereof, the device comprises a rod body, a release pipe, a conductive rod, a filling valve, a heating pipe and a constant pressure energy release sheet, wherein a small-diameter drilling hole is constructed to a set depth through spiral teeth on the outer surfaces of the rod body and the release pipe, then liquid carbon dioxide is injected into a liquid storage cavity through the filling valve, current is transmitted to the heating pipe through the conductive rod after the completion of the drilling, after the heating pipe starts to be heated, the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage cavity is subjected to phase change reaction and is instantly converted into carbon dioxide gas, the generated carbon dioxide gas can increase the pressure in the liquid storage cavity, so that the constant pressure energy release sheet is instantly opened under pressure and then enters the release pipe and releases all converted gas from a diversion hole, at the moment, the carbon dioxide gas impacts and fractures coal rock mass around the drilling, meanwhile, the coal wall can be prevented from being damaged by instability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal mine retaining wall type drilling and phase change fracturing device and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine pressure relief.
Background
With the large-scale deep mining of coal resources in China, the frequency and the strength of rock burst are increased day by day. The exploration of rock burst prevention and control theory under deep mining conditions and the implementation method thereof are gradually concerned by scholars and engineering technicians at home and abroad. At present, the main treatment technologies of rock burst include adjacent layer mining pressure relief, construction pressure relief drilling, pressure relief groove method, loosening blasting method, excavation pressure relief roadway or chamber method, cross mining method and the like. Although the method relieves the harm of rock burst to the safety production of coal mines to a certain extent, the method has the main problems that firstly, under the influence of the increase of the mining depth of the mines, the mines with protective layers are fewer and fewer, so the method has no universal applicability; secondly, drilling pressure relief is a coal seam pressure relief method generally adopted by a current mine, and the method is characterized by simple construction process and high safety, but the range of drilling pressure relief in each construction is small, and large-scale drilling can face the problems of high drilling cost, slow construction progress and the like. At present, large-diameter drilling holes (namely, the hole diameter is 120 mm-150 mm, the drilling depth is 15m, and the hole spacing is 1-3 m) are usually adopted for carrying out advanced pressure relief (namely, the ground stress is transferred from the front coal rock body after the drilling holes), so that the condition of rock burst in front of a working face is prevented. However, the high-density and large-diameter drill holes often damage the coal wall in front of the working face, so that the anchor rods for supporting the coal wall lose the stable anchoring ends, the anchor net supporting system fails, the coal wall of the mining roadway is finally damaged unstably, and the normal production of the working face is seriously influenced. Therefore, how to increase the pressure relief range during drilling each time and prevent the coal wall from being unstably damaged is the research direction of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device and a working method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device comprises a rod body, a release pipe, a conductive rod, a filling valve, a heating pipe and a constant pressure energy release sheet;
the outer surface of the rod body and the outer surface of the release pipe are both provided with spiral teeth, the spiral teeth are used for construction drilling, a liquid storage cavity is arranged in the rod body, two ends of the rod body are respectively provided with a liquid inlet hole and an air jet, the liquid inlet hole and the air jet are both communicated with the liquid storage cavity, the heating pipe is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the filling valve is arranged at the liquid inlet hole, and one end of the conductive rod extends into the liquid storage cavity through the filling valve and is connected with the heating; liquid carbon dioxide is filled in the liquid storage cavity;
the release pipe is internally provided with an air injection channel, one end of the release pipe is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the release pipe is provided with a drill bit, the air inlet is communicated with the air injection channel, the outer surface of the release pipe is provided with a plurality of flow guide holes, the flow guide holes are communicated with the air injection channel, the release pipe is coaxially connected with the rod body, and the air inlet is aligned with the air injection port; the constant-pressure energy release sheet is arranged between the air inlet and the air jet and used for releasing carbon dioxide gas in the liquid storage cavity into the release pipe at constant pressure.
Furthermore, the constant-pressure energy release sheet comprises two sealing gaskets and a shearing sheet, the shearing sheet is positioned between the two sealing gaskets, and the two sealing gaskets are respectively in compression contact with the air inlet and the air jet. When liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage cavity generates a phase change reaction to generate carbon dioxide gas, the internal air pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide is further increased, the carbon dioxide gas is applied to the shearing sheet to be damaged by larger shearing force, and the generated carbon dioxide gas is discharged to enter the release pipe. By adopting the structure, the leakage of liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage cavity is prevented, meanwhile, the two sealing gaskets prevent air leakage and protect the shear blade from being damaged by extrusion, and the shear blade also plays a role in sealing and releasing carbon dioxide gas.
Further, the diameter of the rod body and the diameter of the release pipe do not exceed 80 mm.
Further, the sealing gasket is made of rubber.
A working method of a coal mine bulkhead type drilling and phase change fracturing device comprises the following specific steps:
A. connecting a rod body of the coal mine retaining wall type drilling and phase change cracking device with a drilling machine, then performing drilling operation on a selected position, stopping drilling after a set depth is reached, and separating the drilling machine from the rod body;
B. connecting the filling valve with a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the liquid storage cavity through the liquid injection hole, closing the filling valve after a set amount is reached, and then connecting the conductive rod with the current control switch through a lead to finish the preparation work of phase change cracking;
C. closing a current control switch to enable current to reach a heating pipe through a conductive rod, enabling the heating pipe to start heating work, further enabling liquid carbon dioxide in a liquid storage cavity to be heated and subjected to phase change to generate carbon dioxide gas along with temperature rise, enabling air pressure in the liquid storage cavity to rise rapidly until internal pressure exceeds a constant pressure energy release sheet opening critical value, enabling the carbon dioxide gas to enter an air injection channel of a release pipe at the moment, finally enabling the carbon dioxide gas to be sprayed out of each flow guide hole of the release pipe, enabling the carbon dioxide gas to impact and crack coal rock mass around a drill hole, and completing the process of wall protection type drilling and phase change cracking of the drill hole after the carbon dioxide;
D. and (4) switching off the current control switch, taking the coal mine bulkhead type drilling hole and the phase change fracturing device out of the drilling hole, repeating the steps from A to C, constructing the next drilling hole, and circulating the steps to finish the pressure relief work of the required coal mine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the combination of the rod body, the release pipe, the current-conducting rod, the charging valve, the heating pipe and the constant-pressure energy-releasing sheet, firstly constructs the small-diameter drill hole to the set depth through the spiral teeth on the outer surfaces of the rod body and the release pipe, then liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the liquid storage cavity through the filling valve, after the liquid carbon dioxide is filled, the current is transmitted to the heating pipe through the conducting rod, after the heating pipe starts to heat, liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage cavity is subjected to phase change reaction and is instantly converted into carbon dioxide gas, the pressure in the tube reaches 160-180 MPa as the generated carbon dioxide gas is converted into gas, the volume is instantly expanded by 600 times, so that the constant-pressure energy-releasing piece is instantly opened under pressure, then the gas enters the release pipe and releases all converted gas from the diversion holes, and at the moment, the carbon dioxide gas impacts and cracks the coal rock mass around the drill hole, so that the pressure relief range of the drill hole is effectively enlarged finally. Therefore, the invention can increase the pressure relief range during drilling each time and simultaneously prevent the coal wall from being unstably damaged by combining the coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of FIG. 1 with the structure broken away;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the gasket of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shear slice in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a conductive rod, 2, a filling valve, 3, a liquid inlet hole, 4, a heating pipe, 5, a rod body, 6, a liquid storage cavity, 7, a constant pressure energy release sheet, 7-1, a sealing gasket, 7-2, a shear sheet, 8, an air injection channel, 9, a release pipe, 10, a drill bit, 11 and a flow guide hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a coal mine retaining wall type drilling and phase transition fracturing device comprises a rod body 5, a release pipe 9, a conductive rod 1, a charging valve 2, a heating pipe 4 and a constant pressure energy release sheet 7;
the outer surface of the rod body 5 and the outer surface of the release pipe 9 are both provided with spiral teeth, the spiral teeth are used for construction drilling, a liquid storage cavity 6 is arranged inside the rod body 5, a liquid inlet hole 3 and an air jet are respectively formed in two ends of the rod body 5, the liquid inlet hole 3 and the air jet are both communicated with the liquid storage cavity 6, the heating pipe 4 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity 6, the filling valve 2 is arranged at the liquid inlet hole 3, and one end of the conductive rod 1 extends into the liquid storage cavity 6 through the filling valve 2 to be connected with the heating pipe 4; liquid carbon dioxide is filled in the liquid storage cavity 6;
an air injection channel 8 is arranged in the release pipe 9, one end of the release pipe 9 is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the release pipe 9 is provided with a drill bit, the air inlet is communicated with the air injection channel 8, the outer surface of the release pipe 9 is provided with a plurality of flow guide holes 11, the flow guide holes 11 are all communicated with the air injection channel 8, the release pipe 9 is coaxially connected with the rod body 5, and the air inlet is aligned with an air injection port; the constant pressure energy release sheet 7 is arranged between the air inlet and the air jet and is used for releasing the carbon dioxide gas in the liquid storage cavity 6 into the release pipe 9 under constant pressure.
Further, the constant-pressure energy-releasing sheet 7 comprises two sealing gaskets 7-1 and a shearing sheet 7-2, the shearing sheet 7-2 is positioned between the two sealing gaskets 7-1, and the two sealing gaskets 7-1 are respectively in compression contact with the air inlet and the air outlet. When the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage cavity 6 is subjected to phase change reaction to generate carbon dioxide gas, the internal air pressure is further increased, the carbon dioxide gas is applied to the shear blade 7-2 to be damaged by large shearing force, and the generated carbon dioxide gas is discharged into the release pipe 9. By adopting the structure, the leakage of liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage cavity 6 is prevented, meanwhile, the two sealing gaskets 7-1 prevent air leakage and protect the shearing sheet 7-2 from being damaged by extrusion, and the shearing sheet 7-2 also plays a role in sealing and releasing carbon dioxide gas.
Further, the diameters of the rod body 5 and the release pipe 9 are not more than 80 mm.
Further, the sealing gasket 7-1 is made of rubber.
A working method of a coal mine bulkhead type drilling and phase change fracturing device comprises the following specific steps:
A. connecting a rod body 5 of the coal mine wall-protecting type drilling and phase change cracking device with a drilling machine, then performing drilling operation on a selected position, stopping drilling after a set depth is reached, and separating the drilling machine from the rod body 5;
B. connecting the filling valve 2 with a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the liquid storage cavity 6 through the liquid injection hole 3, closing the filling valve 2 after a set amount is reached, and then connecting the conductive rod 1 with the current control switch through a lead to complete the preparation work of phase change cracking;
C. closing a current control switch to enable current to reach a heating pipe 4 through a conductive rod 1, enabling the heating pipe 4 to start heating work, further enabling liquid carbon dioxide in a liquid storage cavity 6 to be heated and phase-changed to generate carbon dioxide gas along with the rise of temperature, enabling the air pressure in the liquid storage cavity 6 to rise rapidly until the internal pressure exceeds a constant pressure energy release sheet 7 opening critical value, enabling the carbon dioxide gas to enter an air injection channel 8 of a release pipe 9 at the moment, finally ejecting the carbon dioxide gas from each flow guide hole 11 of the release pipe 9, enabling the carbon dioxide gas to impact and crack coal rock mass around a drill hole, and completing the process of wall protection type drilling and phase change cracking of the drill hole after the carbon dioxide gas lasts for;
D. and (4) switching off the current control switch, taking the coal mine bulkhead type drilling hole and the phase change fracturing device out of the drilling hole, repeating the steps from A to C, constructing the next drilling hole, and circulating the steps to finish the pressure relief work of the required coal mine.
Claims (5)
1. A coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device is characterized by comprising a rod body, a release pipe, a conductive rod, a filling valve, a heating pipe and a constant pressure energy release sheet;
the outer surface of the rod body and the outer surface of the release pipe are both provided with spiral teeth, a liquid storage cavity is arranged in the rod body, a liquid inlet hole and an air jet are respectively formed in two ends of the rod body, the liquid inlet hole and the air jet are both communicated with the liquid storage cavity, the heating pipe is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the filling valve is arranged at the liquid inlet hole, and one end of the conductive rod extends into the liquid storage cavity through the filling valve and is connected with the heating pipe; liquid carbon dioxide is filled in the liquid storage cavity;
the release pipe is internally provided with an air injection channel, one end of the release pipe is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the release pipe is provided with a drill bit, the air inlet is communicated with the air injection channel, the outer surface of the release pipe is provided with a plurality of flow guide holes, the flow guide holes are communicated with the air injection channel, the release pipe is coaxially connected with the rod body, and the air inlet is aligned with the air injection port; the constant-pressure energy release sheet is arranged between the air inlet and the air jet and used for releasing carbon dioxide gas in the liquid storage cavity into the release pipe at constant pressure.
2. The coal mine bulkhead drilling and phase change fracturing device of claim 1, wherein the constant pressure energy release sheet comprises two sealing gaskets and a shear sheet, the shear sheet is arranged between the two sealing gaskets, and the two sealing gaskets are respectively in compression contact with the air inlet and the air outlet.
3. The coal mine bulkhead drilling and phase change fracturing device of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the rod body and the diameter of the release pipe are not more than 80 mm.
4. The coal mine retaining wall drilling and phase transition fracturing device of claim 2, wherein the sealing gasket is made of rubber.
5. The working method of the coal mine dado drilling and phase change fracturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. connecting a rod body of the coal mine retaining wall type drilling and phase change cracking device with a drilling machine, then performing drilling operation on a selected position, stopping drilling after a set depth is reached, and separating the drilling machine from the rod body;
B. connecting the filling valve with a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the liquid storage cavity through the liquid injection hole, closing the filling valve after a set amount is reached, and then connecting the conductive rod with the current control switch through a lead to finish the preparation work of phase change cracking;
C. closing a current control switch to enable current to reach a heating pipe through a conductive rod, enabling the heating pipe to start heating work, further enabling liquid carbon dioxide in a liquid storage cavity to be heated and subjected to phase change to generate carbon dioxide gas along with temperature rise, enabling air pressure in the liquid storage cavity to rise rapidly until internal pressure exceeds a constant pressure energy release sheet opening critical value, enabling the carbon dioxide gas to enter an air injection channel of a release pipe at the moment, finally enabling the carbon dioxide gas to be sprayed out of each flow guide hole of the release pipe, enabling the carbon dioxide gas to impact and crack coal rock mass around a drill hole, and completing the process of wall protection type drilling and phase change cracking of the drill hole after the carbon dioxide;
D. and (4) switching off the current control switch, taking the coal mine bulkhead type drilling hole and the phase change fracturing device out of the drilling hole, repeating the steps from A to C, constructing the next drilling hole, and circulating the steps to finish the pressure relief work of the required coal mine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110234998.1A CN112922597A (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device and working method thereof |
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| CN202110234998.1A CN112922597A (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Coal mine wall protection type drilling and phase change fracturing device and working method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114934747A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-23 | 中南大学 | Phase-change presplitting combined tunneling drill bit and method |
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2021
- 2021-03-03 CN CN202110234998.1A patent/CN112922597A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114934747A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-23 | 中南大学 | Phase-change presplitting combined tunneling drill bit and method |
| CN114934747B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-03-14 | 中南大学 | Phase-change presplitting combined tunneling drill bit and method |
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