CN112922575B - Electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method - Google Patents
Electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method which is suitable for underground coal mines. The method comprises the steps of firstly constructing a positive electrode guide drill hole and a negative electrode guide drill hole at the drilling terminal position of a construction motor in a coal seam, then injecting a conductive ion solution into the positive electrode guide drill hole and the negative electrode guide drill hole, impacting the drill holes by using a high-voltage electric pulse technology, carrying out hydraulic slotting, discharging the conductive ion solution in the electrode guide drill holes through a drainage pump after the slotting is finished, and then carrying out pulse blasting on the electrode guide drill holes which are subjected to the electric pulse hydraulic slotting. The annular gap formed by electric pulse hydraulic slotting is beneficial to the conductive ion solution entering the coal body, the conductivity of the coal body is enhanced, energy is convenient to accumulate during subsequent electric pulse blasting, a large number of fractures are generated in the coal body between drill holes, more coal bed gas moving fracture networks are formed, gas desorption is promoted, and the gas extraction rate of the coal bed is improved. The method has the advantages of high working efficiency, time and labor saving and strong pertinence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for increasing the permeability of a coal bed, in particular to a method for increasing the permeability of the coal bed by integrating electric pulse directional slotting and hydraulic blasting, which is suitable for being used underground coal mines and belongs to the technology of mine gas protection and treatment.
Background
Coal and gas outburst seriously threatens the safety production of coal mines, and gas extraction is an effective outburst prevention measure. The gas extraction amount of the coal seam can be increased by increasing the air permeability of the coal seam, and the conventional methods for increasing the air permeability of the coal seam include hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic slotting, deep hole blasting and the like, but the technologies have certain defects. The hydraulic slotting technology is used independently, the depth of a slotting is limited, gas can be effectively pumped and discharged only through a large number of drilled holes, the stress concentration degree is relieved in a local area with the danger of rock burst by using deep hole blasting, but coal is easy to loosen in the blasting process, and accidents are easy to happen in the mining process. However, by adopting the electric pulse hydraulic slotting-blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method, the slotting depth can be deeper, the number of hole cracks is increased, the air permeability of the coal seam is increased, the gas desorption is facilitated, and the gas extraction quantity of the coal seam is increased.
The prior art has the following problems: firstly, compared with an electric pulse fracturing technology, the adopted conventional hydraulic fracturing technology has the advantages that the number of cracks formed in a coal bed is small, the crack extension range is small, and the integral fracturing effect is poor; secondly, in engineering practice, the water pressure required to be injected in the water pressure blasting is very large, the expansion of cracks in the holes is not easy to control, and when the soft coal seam is applied, the explosive is difficult to be conveyed to a preset place by using a deep hole blasting technology. The patent CN107630717B discloses a coal bed permeability increasing method with electric pulse and coal bed water injection cooperated. There are the following problems: firstly, the coal body is cracked only by singly utilizing a high-voltage pulse technology, the aim of directionally removing the cracked coal body is not achieved, the action range is uncertain, the pulse energy loss is high, and the attenuation speed is high; secondly, the water injection is assisted only when the coal bed is fractured by the electric pulse, the deep hole blasting is not combined, the application range is limited by the pulse energy, and the bidirectional combination technology of the pulse directional fracturing and the blasting forms cracks comprising radial cracks and annular cracks and rich crack communication networks around the blasting holes through the huge impact force action of the high-pressure pulse and the hydraulic pressure blasting, so that the air permeability of the coal body is greatly improved. Compared with the patent CN104863561A, the patent CN104863561A discloses a method for directional fracturing and permeability increasing of a downhole coal seam pulse detonation wave, wherein holes are respectively drilled in the coal seam, then the electric pulse detonation fracturing is carried out on the coal seam, and gas is extracted after the completion. There are the following problems: firstly, only high-voltage pulse detonation waves are singly utilized to crack coal bodies, and the problem that the danger is high when the high-voltage pulse detonation waves are applied to engineering fields is not considered; secondly, the directional fracturing of the coal body can not be achieved by singly utilizing the high-voltage pulse detonation wave, the development of cracks in the hole is not easy to control, and the prefabricated cracks are difficult to maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency, time-saving and labor-saving electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method in order to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a water injection system and an electric pulse generation system are used, wherein the water injection system comprises a water injection pump and a drainage pump which are connected and controlled through a double-set electromagnetic valve; the electric pulse generating system comprises a high-voltage power supply and an energy storage capacitor, wherein a discharge switch is arranged on a positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, a negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the high-voltage power supply through a cable, and the energy storage capacitor is grounded through a grounding device; the water injection system and the electric pulse generation system are both connected with and controlled by the console;
a. a plurality of electrode drill holes are constructed in parallel at intervals on a mining working face in a coal seam by using a drill rod and a multifunctional drill bit, and then positive electrode guide drill holes and negative electrode guide drill holes are respectively constructed in the middle positions of the terminal end faces of all the electrode drill holes, wherein the positive electrode guide drill holes and the negative electrode guide drill holes are parallel to the hole faces of the drill holes;
b. connecting a water pipe with a water injection pump and a drainage pump through a double-arranged electromagnetic valve, and then arranging the water pipe into a sleeve;
c. a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor provided with a discharge switch respectively extend through a positive cable and a negative cable and are arranged in the sleeve;
d. a drill rod connected with a sleeve is used for extending the water pipe and the positive and negative cables into the constructed electrode drill hole;
e. respectively placing the positive and negative cables into the positive electrode guide drill hole and the negative electrode guide drill hole, and then arranging a microseismic instrument near the electrode drill hole;
f. starting a high-pressure water injection system through a console, closing an electric pulse generation system, adjusting a double-position electromagnetic valve to start a water injection pump, filling conductive ionic solution into a positive electrode guide drill hole and a negative electrode guide drill hole through a water pipe by using the water injection pump, then closing the water injection system, starting the electric pulse generation system to discharge through a positive cable and a negative cable, finishing crack initiation on a cutting seam around the drill hole through huge thermal expansion force and shock waves released instantly, and switching on a microseismic instrument to perform real-time monitoring during the process of cutting the seam along with microseismic information of crack expansion;
g. removing the drill rod and the multifunctional drill bit, connecting the positive electrode guide drill hole and the negative electrode guide drill hole by using the parallel double-head sleeve, and then adjusting the double-position electromagnetic valve through the console to switch on the drainage pump to discharge the residual conductive ionic solution;
h. the water injection system is closed by using the console, the electric pulse generating device is opened, the coal bed is directly discharged by using the positive and negative cables, and huge energy directly acts on the coal body;
j. and closing the electric pulse generating device system by using the console, withdrawing the parallel double-head casing pipe from the coal bed, conveying the extraction pipe into an electrode drill hole, then sealing the hole by using a hole packer, and finally connecting the extraction pipe by using a gas extraction device for gas extraction.
The horizontal distance between the plurality of electrode drill holes is 10-20m, the distance between the positive electrode guide drill hole and the negative electrode guide drill hole is 5-8m, and the distance between the positive electrode guide drill hole and the negative electrode guide drill hole is equal to the diameter of the electrode drill hole.
And discharging the positive and negative cables in the positive electrode guide drill hole and the negative electrode guide drill hole filled with the conductive ionic solution to complete annular gap cutting, and controlling the annular gap cutting range through the discharge field intensity and the length of the electrodes, wherein the action range at the extraction position is 5-10 times of the hydraulic seam cutting effect.
The parameters of the electric pulse generating device after the conductive ion solution is injected are as follows: the voltage is 30Kv, the generating frequency of electric pulses is 10Hz, and the number of the pulses is 200.
The parameters of the electric pulse generating device used after the extraction of the conductive ion solution are as follows: the voltage is 1000Kv, the generating frequency of the electric pulse is 50Hz, and the number of the electric pulses is 750.
Before the hole sealing of the hole sealer is used for gas extraction, a visual monitor is arranged in an electrode drill hole, and the data information of the gas extraction of the coal bed is monitored, detected and recorded in real time through the visual monitor.
Has the advantages that:
the method uses high-voltage electric pulse directional slotting in combination with deep hole blasting to overcome the defects of the traditional coal seam permeability increasing technology, utilizes high-voltage pulse shock wave directional slotting and deep hole blasting to further expand the generated cracks, and forms a cross crack network around the coal seam drilled hole. Meanwhile, the distance between extraction holes is increased, the engineering quantity of construction drilling is reduced, the annular gap formed by electric pulse hydraulic slotting is favorable for conductive ionic solution to enter a coal body, the added conductive ionic solution is favorable for improving the energy released by the discharge of high-voltage electric pulse, the conductivity of the coal body is enhanced, the breakdown voltage and the danger of the high-voltage pulse are reduced, the slotting depth is deeper, a large number of cracks are formed at the same time, and the energy accumulation during the subsequent electric pulse blasting is facilitated; the conductive ions further penetrate into the coal body from the surface of the coal body along with the cracks, and when electric pulse blasting is carried out, the shock wave is enhanced to act on the coal body, so that the number of the hole cracks can be increased, more new hole cracks are formed, the number of the cracks is greatly increased, the air permeability of the coal layer is greatly improved, gas desorption is promoted, the gas extraction rate of the coal layer is improved, and the problem that the gas is difficult to extract due to the small number of the cracks can be effectively solved.
Description of the drawings:
the technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of electric pulse-hydraulic slotting implemented by the electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric pulse-blasting technology performed by the electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method.
In the figure: 1-a console, 2-a high-voltage power supply, 3-an energy storage capacitor, 4-a grounding device, 5-a positive electrode, 6-a negative electrode, 7-a discharge switch, 8-a cable, 9-a water injection pump, 10-a water discharge pump, 11-a double-arranged electromagnetic valve, 12-a water pipe, 13-a sleeve, 14-a gas extraction device, 15-an extraction pipe, 16-an electrode drill hole, 17-a positive electrode guide drill hole, 18-a negative electrode guide drill hole, 19-a hole packer, 20-a visual monitor, 21-a coal bed, 22-a drill rod, 23-a drill bit and 24-a microseismic instrument.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method of the invention uses a water injection system and an electric pulse generation system, wherein the water injection system comprises a water injection pump 9 and a drainage pump 10 which are connected and controlled through a double-set electromagnetic valve 11; the electric pulse generating system comprises a high-voltage power supply 2 and an energy storage capacitor 3, wherein a discharge switch 7 is arranged on a positive electrode 5 of the energy storage capacitor 3, a negative electrode 6 is connected with the high-voltage power supply 2 through a cable 8, and the energy storage capacitor 3 is grounded through a grounding device 4; the water injection system and the electric pulse generation system are both connected with and controlled by the console 1;
a. a plurality of electrode drill holes 16 are parallelly constructed on a mining working face in a coal seam 21 at intervals by using a drill rod 22 and a multifunctional drill bit 23, and then positive electrode guide drill holes 17 and negative electrode guide drill holes 18 are drilled in the middle of the terminal end face of the electrode drill holes 16 in parallel with the drill hole faces; the horizontal distance between the electrode drill holes 16 is 10-20m, the distance between the positive electrode guide drill hole 17 and the negative electrode guide drill hole 18 is 5-8m, only one pair of positive and negative electrode guide drill holes are arranged in each electrode drill hole 16, and the distance between the positive electrode guide drill hole 17 and the negative electrode guide drill hole 18 is equal to the drill hole diameter of the electrode drill hole 16;
b. connecting a water pipe 12 with a water injection pump 9 and a drainage pump 10 through a double-arranged electromagnetic valve 11, and then arranging the water pipe 12 into a sleeve 13;
c. a positive electrode 5 and a negative electrode 6 of the energy storage capacitor 3, which are provided with a discharge switch 7, extend through a positive cable 8 and a negative cable 8 respectively and are arranged in a sleeve 13;
d. the water pipe 12 and the positive and negative cables 8 are extended into the constructed electrode borehole 16 by a drill rod 22 connected with the sleeve 13;
e. after the positive and negative cables 8 are respectively placed in the positive electrode guide drill hole 17 and the negative electrode guide drill hole 18, a microseismic instrument 24 is arranged near the electrode drill hole 16;
f. as shown in fig. 2, the high-pressure water injection system is started through the console 1, the electric pulse generation system is closed, then the double-set electromagnetic valve 11 is adjusted to start the water injection pump 9, the water injection pump 9 is used to fill the conductive ionic solution into the positive electrode guide drill 17 and the negative electrode guide drill 18 through the water pipe 12, then the water injection system is closed, the electric pulse generation system is started to discharge through the positive and negative cables 8, and the parameters of the electric pulse generation device for discharging are as follows: the voltage is 30Kv, the generating frequency of electric pulses is 10Hz, and the number of the pulses is 200; the huge thermal expansion force and shock wave released instantly finish the crack formation of the cutting seam around the drill hole, and the microseismic information accompanied with crack expansion is connected with the microseismic instrument 24 for real-time monitoring in the process of cutting the seam; the positive and negative cables 8 discharge in a positive electrode guide drill hole 17 and a negative electrode guide drill hole 18 filled with conductive ionic solution to complete annular gap cutting, the cutting range of the annular gap is controlled through the discharge field intensity and the length of the electrodes, and the action range at the extraction position is 5-10 times of the hydraulic cutting effect;
g. removing the drill rod 22 and the multifunctional drill bit 23, connecting the positive electrode guide drill hole 17 and the negative electrode guide drill hole 18 by using a parallel double-head sleeve, and then switching on the drainage pump 10 by adjusting the double-set electromagnetic valve 11 through the console 1 to discharge residual conductive ionic solution;
h. utilize control cabinet 1 to close the water injection system, open electric pulse generating device and utilize two cables 8 of positive negative pole directly to the coal seam 21 discharge, use electric pulse generating device parameter of discharging to be: the voltage is 1000Kv, the generating frequency of the electric pulses is 50Hz, the number of the pulses is 750, and huge energy directly acts on the coal body;
j. the electric pulse generating device system is closed by using the console 1, the parallel double-head casing is removed from the coal seam 21, the visual monitor 20 is arranged in the electrode borehole 16 to send the extraction pipe 15 into the electrode borehole 16, then the hole packer 19 is used for hole sealing, finally the gas extraction device 14 is used for connecting the extraction pipe 15 for gas extraction, and meanwhile, the data information of the coal seam gas extraction is monitored, detected and recorded in real time by the visual monitor 20.
Claims (6)
1. An electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a water injection system and an electric pulse generation system are used, wherein the water injection system comprises a water injection pump (9) and a drainage pump (10) which are connected and controlled through a double-position electromagnetic valve (11); the electric pulse generating system comprises a high-voltage power supply (2) and an energy storage capacitor (3), wherein a discharge switch (7) is arranged on a positive electrode (5) of the energy storage capacitor (3), a negative electrode (6) is connected with the high-voltage power supply (2) through a cable (8), and the energy storage capacitor (3) is grounded through a grounding device (4); the water injection system and the electric pulse generation system are both connected with and controlled by the console (1);
a. a plurality of electrode drill holes (16) are constructed in parallel at intervals on a mining working face in a coal seam (21) by using a drill rod (22) and a multifunctional drill bit (23), and then positive electrode guide drill holes (17) and negative electrode guide drill holes (18) are drilled in parallel in the middle position of the terminal end face of the electrode drill holes (16) and parallel to the drill hole face;
b. connecting a water pipe (12) with a water injection pump (9) and a drainage pump (10) through a double-arranged electromagnetic valve (11), and then arranging the water pipe (12) into a sleeve (13);
c. a positive electrode (5) and a negative electrode (6) of an energy storage capacitor (3) provided with a discharge switch (7) respectively extend through a positive cable and a negative cable (8) and are arranged in a sleeve (13);
d. a drill rod (22) connected with a sleeve (13) is used for extending a water pipe (12) and two cables (8) of a positive pole and a negative pole into an electrode drilling hole (16) after construction;
e. after the positive and negative cables (8) are respectively placed in the positive electrode guide drill hole (17) and the negative electrode guide drill hole (18), a microseismic instrument (24) is arranged near the electrode drill hole (16);
f. starting a water injection system through a console (1), closing an electric pulse generation system, adjusting a double-set electromagnetic valve (11) to start a water injection pump (9), filling a conductive ionic solution into a positive electrode guide drill hole (17) and a negative electrode guide drill hole (18) through a water pipe (12) by using the water injection pump (9), then closing the water injection system, starting the electric pulse generation system to discharge through a positive cable and a negative cable (8), finishing crack initiation on a cutting seam around the drill holes through huge thermal expansion force and shock waves released instantly, switching on a microseismic instrument (24) along with crack expansion microseismic information in the process of cutting the seam, and monitoring in real time;
g. removing the drill rod (22) and the multifunctional drill bit (23), connecting the positive electrode guide drill hole (17) and the negative electrode guide drill hole (18) by using a parallel double-head sleeve, and then switching on the drainage pump (10) by adjusting the double-set electromagnetic valve (11) through the console (1) to discharge residual conductive ionic solution;
h. the water injection system is closed by using the console (1), the electric pulse generation system is opened, the coal bed (21) is directly discharged by using the positive and negative cables (8), and huge energy directly acts on coal;
j. the electric pulse generation system is closed by using the console (1), the parallel double-head casing pipe is withdrawn from the coal seam (21), the extraction pipe (15) is sent to the electrode drilling hole (16), then the hole is sealed by using a hole sealing device (19), and finally the gas extraction device (14) is connected with the extraction pipe (15) to extract gas.
2. The electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the horizontal distance between the plurality of electrode drill holes (16) is 10-20m, the distance between the positive electrode guide drill hole (17) and the negative electrode guide drill hole (18) is 5-8m, only one pair of positive and negative electrode guide drill holes are arranged in each electrode drill hole (16), and the distance between the positive electrode guide drill hole (17) and the negative electrode guide drill hole (18) is equal to the drill hole diameter of the electrode drill hole (16).
3. The electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and the positive and negative cables (8) discharge in a positive electrode guide drill hole (17) and a negative electrode guide drill hole (18) filled with conductive ionic solution to complete annular gap cutting, the annular gap cutting range is controlled by the discharge field intensity and the length of the electrode, and the action range at the extraction position is 5-10 times of the hydraulic cutting effect.
4. The electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the parameters of the electric pulse generation system after the conductive ion solution is injected are as follows: the voltage is 30Kv, the generating frequency of electric pulses is 10Hz, and the number of the pulses is 200.
5. The electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the parameters of the electric pulse generation system used after the extraction of the conductive ion solution were: the voltage is 1000Kv, the generating frequency of the electric pulse is 50Hz, and the number of the electric pulses is 750.
6. The electric pulse directional slotting-hydraulic blasting integrated coal seam permeability increasing method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: before hole sealing extraction is carried out by using a hole sealing device (19), a visual monitor (20) is arranged in an electrode drill hole (16), and data information of coal bed gas extraction is monitored, detected and recorded in real time through the visual monitor (20).
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CN115030691B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-12-15 | 太原理工大学 | Low-permeability coal seam electric pulse heat injection collaborative reinforcement gas extraction method and device |
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