CN116517615A - Enhanced extraction method for coal body by controllable electric pulse burning explosion gas fracturing in drilling - Google Patents

Enhanced extraction method for coal body by controllable electric pulse burning explosion gas fracturing in drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116517615A
CN116517615A CN202310514226.2A CN202310514226A CN116517615A CN 116517615 A CN116517615 A CN 116517615A CN 202310514226 A CN202310514226 A CN 202310514226A CN 116517615 A CN116517615 A CN 116517615A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
explosion
hole
drill
electric pulse
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CN202310514226.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
闫发志
杨永丹
曾韬
杨萌萌
张兴华
高亚斌
李子文
谯永刚
高长炯
孟想
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Application filed by Taiyuan University of Technology filed Critical Taiyuan University of Technology
Priority to CN202310514226.2A priority Critical patent/CN116517615A/en
Publication of CN116517615A publication Critical patent/CN116517615A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/263Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of low-permeability coal seam gas extraction, and particularly relates to a method for reinforcing extraction of coal body by controllable electric pulse explosion gas in a drill hole; constructing a plurality of drilling holes in the coal seam, wherein the drilling holes are divided into explosion drilling holes and extraction drilling holes adjacent to the explosion drilling holes; the drill rod passes through the hole packer and is put into the explosion drilling hole, an electric pulse device and a gas injection pipe are arranged in the drill rod, and the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant-pressure fracture piece; the gas injection pipe is connected with a gas source of mixed gas of gas and oxygen, and the electric pulse device is connected with a control circuit of the electric pulse device; after the gas explosion in the drill rod breaks through the fixed pressure fracture plate, igniting the gas in the explosion drill hole to form secondary explosion, and disturbing the gas in the coal bed around the explosion drill hole; and larger shock waves are formed under the superposition of the two explosion waves, so that the coal body around the drilling hole generates rich cracks. The method burns and explodes the coal around the whole drilling hole, has good fracturing effect, low cost and simple operation, and can effectively improve the extraction efficiency of the gas around the drilling hole.

Description

Enhanced extraction method for coal body by controllable electric pulse burning explosion gas fracturing in drilling
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-permeability coal seam gas extraction, and particularly relates to a method for reinforcing extraction of coal body by controllable electric pulse explosion gas cracking in a drill hole.
Background
Coal mines in China are mostly high-gas and low-air permeability mines. The coal and gas outburst can be effectively prevented and treated through drilling negative pressure pre-extraction, the air permeability of the coal seam is poor along with deep mining of the coal seam at present, the extraction effect is not ideal, and the method becomes one of the main problems of limiting coal seam mining. Therefore, a technology for effectively fracturing and permeability-increasing deep coal bed gas and improving the air permeability of the coal bed is very necessary. The aim of enhancing gas extraction has proven to be an effective method for many years by the fracture caused by the action of explosive shock waves on the coal body. The traditional method is to fill explosive, damage coal body by using shock wave generated by explosion and generate cracks, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-reflection. However, the method has a plurality of limitations, the explosive and detonating cord are strictly controlled, and the explosive is very dangerous to process when being subjected to explosion rejection, and the explosion range is small. Therefore, based on the defects of the existing blasting fracturing, the method for effectively performing permeability-increasing fracturing on the deep coal seam is particularly important, and the method is low in cost, safe, reliable and capable of effectively performing permeability-increasing fracturing on the deep coal seam.
When the mixed gas with a certain concentration meets an ignition source, explosion can be initiated, and different conditions can occur for the mixed gas with different concentrations. When the concentration of the gas mixture is lower than 5%, explosion does not occur; the shock wave generated by the explosion of the gas is the largest when the concentration of the gas mixture is 9.5 percent, namely the explosion power is the strongest; when the mixing concentration exceeds 16%, the explosive capability is not provided. Gas explosion can generate high temperature and high pressure shock waves, and once the explosion is not effectively controlled, the gas explosion can harm the life of personnel and damage equipment of a mine. Meanwhile, the gas explosion can generate a plurality of toxic and harmful gases, which can cause poisoning hazard to personnel. However, when the gas explosion can be controlled manually, the impact force generated by the gas explosion can be utilized to crack and enhance the reflection of the coal bed around the drill hole, so that the gas extraction efficiency can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for strengthening extraction of coal body by controllable electric pulse explosion gas in a drilled hole, which is low in cost, safe, reliable and good in effect, aiming at the defects of low air permeability of underground coal seams and unsatisfactory traditional explosion fracturing effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for strengthening extraction of coal body by controllable electric pulse explosion gas in a drill hole includes constructing a plurality of drill holes in a coal seam, wherein the drill holes are divided into explosion drill holes and extraction drill holes adjacent to the explosion drill holes; the drill rod passes through the hole packer and is put into the explosion drilling hole, an electric pulse device and a gas injection pipe are arranged in the drill rod, and the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant-pressure fracture piece; the gas injection pipe passes through a sealing plate in the drill rod and then is connected with a gas source of mixed gas of gas and oxygen, and a circuit connected with the electric pulse device passes through the sealing plate and is connected with a control circuit of the electric pulse device; after the gas explosion in the drill rod breaks through the fixed pressure fracture plate, igniting the gas in the explosion drill hole to form secondary explosion, and disturbing the gas in the coal bed around the explosion drill hole; the extraction drilling hole is connected with a gas extraction pipeline for extraction.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a: constructing explosion drilling holes and extraction drilling holes in the low-permeability coal seam; the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant pressure fracture piece, and the rear side of the drill rod is sealed by a sealing plate; the electric pulse device is fixed in a sealed cavity between the fixed pressure fracture plate and the sealing plate, one end of the gas injection pipe is connected with the gas injection pump, the other end of the gas injection pipe penetrates through the sealing plate and enters the sealed cavity, the gas injection pipe is internally provided with the gas injection valve and the pressure gauge, and the gas injection pump is simultaneously connected with the gas storage tank and the oxygen storage tank;
b: the drill rod is connected with the hole packer and is sent into the blasting borehole, and a gas sensor probe of the gas sensor passes through the hole packer and is then sent into the blasting borehole; starting a hole packer to plug the explosion drilling hole;
c: after the explosion drilling hole is plugged, injecting mixed gas of gas and oxygen into the explosion drilling hole, observing a gas sensor, and stopping gas injection when the gas concentration is 9-10% and the gas injection pressure reaches 1-2 MPa;
d: discharging by an electric pulse device to ignite gas; the maximum shear stress of the fracture plate is destroyed when the gas explosion pressure in the drill rod exceeds the fixed pressure, and the gas exploded in the drill rod enters an explosion drill hole, so that the gas in the explosion drill hole is ignited to carry out secondary explosion, and a crack is generated in the coal body around the drill hole;
e: after the gas explosion is finished, connecting the extraction drilling hole with negative pressure for extraction, and measuring the gas concentration in the extraction drilling hole by a gas meter after a period of extraction;
f: when the gas concentration in the extraction drill hole is lower than 30%, injecting mixed gas of gas and oxygen into the blasting drill hole, observing a gas sensor, and stopping gas injection when the gas concentration is between 9 and 10%;
g: discharging by the electric pulse device to ignite gas, and expanding cracks around the drill hole again by gas explosion in the explosion drill hole;
and e-g, repeating the steps, and performing gas explosion fracturing on the explosion drilling holes for a plurality of times to expand cracks around the drilling holes.
Further, the diameters of the blasting drilling holes and the extraction drilling holes are 120mm, the drilling length is 90m, the blasting drilling holes and the extraction drilling holes are parallel, and the parallel distance is 5-10m.
Further, the first gas sensor probe extends into the bottom of the explosion drilling hole, and one gas sensor probe is arranged at intervals of 30cm along the hole depth.
Further, the hole packer performs hole sealing at a position 25m away from the explosion drilling hole opening.
Further, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the constant pressure fracture piece and the front end of the drill rod.
Further, the control circuit of the electric pulse device comprises a capacitor charging switch, a capacitor discharging switch and a capacitor charging power supply; and closing a capacitor charging switch to charge the capacitor, opening the capacitor charging switch after the capacitor charging is finished, stopping charging, closing a capacitor discharging switch, and discharging the gas mixture by a capacitor discharging anode and a capacitor discharging cathode in the electric pulse device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the drill rod is arranged in the explosion drill hole and is sealed by utilizing the constant-pressure rupture disc, and under the action of the electric pulse device, the mixed gas in the drill rod is ignited to generate explosion, so that explosion shock waves are formed, and at the moment, primary explosion is carried out, and after the constant-pressure rupture disc is damaged by the shock waves, the explosion gas in the drill rod enters the explosion drill hole to detonate the mixed gas for secondary explosion. And larger shock waves are formed under the superposition of the two explosion waves, so that the coal body around the drilling hole generates rich cracks. The method burns and explodes the coal around the whole drilling hole, has good fracturing effect, low cost and simple operation, and can effectively improve the extraction efficiency of the gas around the drilling hole. The traditional method is to fill gas into the drill hole and seal the drill hole for blasting. Compared with the traditional method, the extraction efficiency of coal seam gas is improved by more than 30%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for enhanced extraction of a gas-fracturing coal by controllable electric pulse combustion explosion in a borehole.
In the figure: 1-blasting and drilling; 2-extracting and drilling; 3-constant pressure rupture disc; 4-a gas sensor probe; 5-electric pulse device; 6-a capacitor discharge cathode; 7-a capacitor discharge anode; 8-gas injection pipe; 9-sealing plates; 10-an air injection valve; 11-a pressure gauge; 12-a capacitor discharge switch; 13-a capacitor; 14-a capacitor charging switch; 15-a capacitive charge source; a 16-gas sensor; 17-an air injection pump; 18-a gas storage tank; 19-an oxygen storage tank.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Please refer to fig. 1. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are not intended to be critical to the essential characteristics of the invention, but are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. Also, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention for which the invention may be practiced, but rather the relative relationship of the terms may be modified or adapted without substantial modification to the technical context.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for strengthening extraction of coal body by controllable electric pulse explosion gas in a drill hole comprises the steps of constructing a plurality of drill holes in a coal seam, wherein the drill holes are divided into an explosion drill hole 1 and an extraction drill hole 2 adjacent to the explosion drill hole 1; the drill rod passes through the hole packer and is put into the blasting borehole 1, an electric pulse device 5 and an air injection pipe 8 are arranged in the drill rod, and the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant pressure rupture disc 3; the gas injection pipe 8 passes through a sealing plate 9 in the drill rod and then is connected with a gas source of mixed gas of gas and oxygen, and a circuit connected with the electric pulse device 5 passes through the sealing plate 9 and is connected with an electric pulse device control circuit; after the gas explosion in the drill rod breaks through the fixed pressure fracture plate 3, igniting the gas in the explosion drill hole 1 to form secondary explosion, and disturbing the gas in the coal bed around the explosion drill hole 1; the extraction drilling hole 2 is connected with a gas extraction pipeline for extraction.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a: constructing a blasting drill hole 1 and a drainage drill hole 2 in a low-permeability coal seam; the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant pressure fracture plate 3, and the rear side is sealed by a sealing plate 9; the electric pulse device 5 is fixed in a sealed cavity between the fixed pressure fracture plate 3 and the sealing plate 9, one end of the gas injection pipe 8 is connected with the gas injection pump 17, the other end of the gas injection pipe 8 penetrates through the sealing plate 9 to enter the sealed cavity, the gas injection pipe 8 is internally provided with the gas injection valve 10 and the pressure gauge 11, and the gas injection pump 17 is simultaneously connected with the gas storage tank 18 and the oxygen storage tank 19;
b: the drill rod is connected with a hole packer and is sent into the blasting borehole 1, and a gas sensor probe 4 of a gas sensor 16 passes through the hole packer and is then sent into the blasting borehole 1; starting a hole packer to plug the blasting borehole 1;
c: after the explosion drilling hole 1 is blocked, injecting mixed gas of gas and oxygen into the explosion drilling hole 1, observing a gas sensor 16, and stopping gas injection when the gas injection pressure reaches 1-2MPa, wherein the gas concentration is 9-10%;
d: the electric pulse device 5 discharges and ignites the gas; the maximum shear stress of the gas explosion pressure exceeding the fixed pressure rupture disc 3 in the drill rod is destroyed, the gas exploded in the drill rod enters the explosion drill hole 1, and then the gas in the explosion drill hole 1 is ignited to carry out secondary explosion, so that cracks are generated on coal bodies around the drill hole;
e: after the gas explosion is finished, the extraction drilling hole 2 is connected with negative pressure for extraction, and after a period of extraction, a gas meter is used for measuring the gas concentration in the extraction drilling hole 2;
f: when the gas concentration in the extraction drilling hole 2 is lower than 30%, injecting mixed gas of gas and oxygen into the blasting drilling hole 1, observing the gas sensor 16, and stopping gas injection when the gas concentration is between 9 and 10%;
g: the electric pulse device 5 discharges and ignites gas, and the gas explosion in the explosion drilling hole 1 expands cracks around the drilling hole again;
and e-g, repeating the steps, and performing gas explosion fracturing on the explosion drilling hole 1 for a plurality of times to expand cracks around the drilling hole.
The action influence range of the controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing coal body is 6.2-7m, and the action range is improved by 12% compared with the traditional method. The extraction efficiency of gas extraction after 100 days by using the method is reduced by not more than 20%.
The diameters of the blasting drilling holes 1 and the extraction drilling holes 2 are 120mm, the drilling length is 90m, the blasting drilling holes 1 and the extraction drilling holes 2 are parallel, and the parallel distance is 5-10m.
The first gas sensor probe 4 extends into the bottom of the hole of the blasting drilling hole 1, and one gas sensor probe 4 is arranged at intervals of 30cm along the depth of the hole.
The hole packer is used for sealing holes at a position 25m away from the hole opening of the blasting borehole 1.
The joint of the constant pressure rupture disc 3 and the front end of the drill rod is provided with a sealing ring.
The electric pulse device control circuit comprises a capacitor charging switch 14, a capacitor 13, a capacitor discharging switch 12 and a capacitor charging power supply 15; and closing the capacitor charging switch 14 to charge the capacitor 13, opening the capacitor charging switch 14 after the charging is finished, stopping the charging, closing the capacitor discharging switch 12, and discharging the gas mixture by the capacitor discharging anode 7 and the capacitor discharging cathode 6 in the electric pulse device 5.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. A method for strengthening extraction of coal by controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing in a borehole is characterized in that: constructing a plurality of drill holes in a coal seam, wherein the drill holes are divided into an explosion drill hole (1) and a pumping drill hole (2) adjacent to the explosion drill hole (1); the drill rod passes through the hole packer and is put into the explosion drilling hole (1), an electric pulse device (5) and an air injection pipe (8) are arranged in the drill rod, and the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant-pressure fracture piece (3); the gas injection pipe (8) passes through a sealing plate (9) in the drill rod and then is connected with a gas source of mixed gas of gas and oxygen, and a circuit connected with the electric pulse device (5) passes through the sealing plate (9) and is connected with a control circuit of the electric pulse device; after the gas in the drill rod is burnt and exploded and broken into a fixed pressure fracture piece (3), igniting the gas in the burning and explosion drill hole (1) to form secondary burning and explosion, and disturbing the gas in the coal bed around the burning and explosion drill hole (1); the extraction drilling hole (2) is connected with a gas extraction pipeline for extraction.
2. The method for enhanced extraction of the gas-fracturing coal by controllable electric pulse explosion in the drill hole of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a: constructing a blasting drilling hole (1) and a drainage drilling hole (2) in a low-permeability coal seam; the front end of the drill rod is sealed by a constant pressure fracture plate (3), and the rear side is sealed by a sealing plate (9); the electric pulse device (5) is fixed in a sealed cavity between the fixed pressure fracture plate (3) and the sealing plate (9), one end of the gas injection pipe (8) is connected with the gas injection pump (17), the other end of the gas injection pipe passes through the sealing plate (9) and enters the sealed cavity, the gas injection pipe (8) is internally provided with the gas injection valve (10) and the pressure gauge (11), and the gas injection pump (17) is simultaneously connected with the gas storage tank (18) and the oxygen storage tank (19);
b: the drill rod is connected with a hole packer and is sent into the explosion drilling hole (1), and a gas sensor probe (4) of a gas sensor (16) passes through the hole packer and is then sent into the explosion drilling hole (1); starting a hole packer to plug the explosion drilling hole (1);
c: after the explosion drilling (1) is plugged, injecting mixed gas of gas and oxygen into the explosion drilling (1), observing a gas sensor (16), and stopping gas injection when the gas concentration is 9-10% and the gas injection pressure reaches 1-2 MPa;
d: the electric pulse device (5) discharges and ignites the gas; the maximum shear stress of the gas explosion pressure exceeding the fixed pressure rupture disc (3) in the drill rod is destroyed, the gas exploded in the drill rod enters the explosion drill hole (1), and then the gas in the explosion drill hole (1) is ignited to carry out secondary explosion, so that cracks are generated in the coal body around the drill hole;
e: after the gas explosion is finished, the extraction drilling hole (2) is connected with negative pressure for extraction, and after a period of extraction, a gas meter is used for measuring the gas concentration in the extraction drilling hole (2);
f: when the gas concentration in the extraction drilling hole (2) is lower than 30%, injecting mixed gas of gas and oxygen into the blasting drilling hole (1), observing a gas sensor (16), and stopping gas injection when the gas concentration is between 9 and 10%;
g: the electric pulse device (5) discharges and ignites gas, and the gas in the explosion drilling hole (1) is exploded to expand cracks around the drilling hole again;
and e-g, repeating the steps, and performing gas explosion fracturing on the explosion drilling hole (1) for a plurality of times to expand cracks around the drilling hole.
3. The method for strengthening and extracting the coal body by using the controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing in the drill hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the diameter of the blasting drilling hole (1) and the diameter of the extraction drilling hole (2) are 120mm, the drilling length is 90m, the blasting drilling hole (1) and the extraction drilling hole (2) are parallel, and the parallel distance is 5-10m.
4. The method for strengthening and extracting the coal body by using the controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing in the drill hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the first gas sensor probe (4) extends into the hole bottom of the blasting drill hole (1), and the gas sensor probes (4) are arranged at intervals of 30cm along the hole depth.
5. The method for strengthening and extracting the coal body by using the controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing in the drill hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the hole packer is used for sealing holes at a position 25m away from the hole opening of the blasting borehole (1).
6. The method for strengthening and extracting the coal body by using the controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing in the drill hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the constant pressure rupture disc (3) and the front end of the drill rod.
7. The method for strengthening and extracting the coal body by using the controllable electric pulse explosion gas fracturing in the drill hole is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the control circuit of the electric pulse device comprises a capacitor charging switch (14), a capacitor (13), a capacitor discharging switch (12) and a capacitor charging power supply (15); and closing a capacitor charging switch (14), charging the capacitor (13), opening the capacitor charging switch (14) after the charging is finished, stopping the charging, closing a capacitor discharging switch (12), and discharging the gas mixture through a capacitor discharging anode (7) and a capacitor discharging cathode (6) in the electric pulse device (5).
CN202310514226.2A 2023-05-09 2023-05-09 Enhanced extraction method for coal body by controllable electric pulse burning explosion gas fracturing in drilling Pending CN116517615A (en)

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CN202310514226.2A CN116517615A (en) 2023-05-09 2023-05-09 Enhanced extraction method for coal body by controllable electric pulse burning explosion gas fracturing in drilling

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117432461A (en) * 2023-12-15 2024-01-23 太原理工大学 Drilling gas pulse type extraction device and extraction method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117432461A (en) * 2023-12-15 2024-01-23 太原理工大学 Drilling gas pulse type extraction device and extraction method
CN117432461B (en) * 2023-12-15 2024-03-19 太原理工大学 Drilling gas pulse type extraction device and extraction method

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