LU102262B1 - A Laser-GMA Arc Composite Heat Source Wire-filled Welding Method - Google Patents

A Laser-GMA Arc Composite Heat Source Wire-filled Welding Method Download PDF

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Publication number
LU102262B1
LU102262B1 LU102262A LU102262A LU102262B1 LU 102262 B1 LU102262 B1 LU 102262B1 LU 102262 A LU102262 A LU 102262A LU 102262 A LU102262 A LU 102262A LU 102262 B1 LU102262 B1 LU 102262B1
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LU
Luxembourg
Prior art keywords
welding
laser
wire
heat source
arc
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Application number
LU102262A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Xuyou Wang
Haifeng Yang
Hongwei Li
Yandong Zhang
Xiaoyu Chen
Zhen Lei
Liang Xu
Fujia Xu
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Harbin Welding Inst Co Ltd
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Priority to LU102262A priority Critical patent/LU102262B1/en
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Publication of LU102262B1 publication Critical patent/LU102262B1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/211—Bonding by welding with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof

Abstract

Compared with traditional GMAW, a laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method has technical advantages such as fast welding speed, low welding heat input, small welding deformation, large weld penetration, easy to realize the single-sided welding and double-sided forming, refined joint structure, and improved joint performance. In the present invention, the laser beam and the GMA arc are compounded in a side-axis compounding manner, and a welding wire is additionally filled to the action area of the laser- GMA compound heat source. The compound heat source and the heat of the molten pool are used to realize the melting of the filler wire and consume the excess heat in the welding process of the composite heat source. Under the condition of not increasing the arc power, the welding deposition efficiency is improved, the weld metal structure performance is improved, the damage of the welding heat input to the material is reduced, and the welding deformation is reduced. The invention is used for wire-filled welding of laser-GMA arc composite heat source.

Description

Description A Laser-GMA Arc Composite Heat Source Wire-filled Welding Method Technical Field: The invention relates to a laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method.
Background Technology: At present, a laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding technology is an advanced welding technology with high efficiency and high quality. Compared with traditional GMAW, a laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method has technical advantages such as fast welding speed, low welding heat input, small welding deformation, large weld penetration, easy to realize the single-sided welding and double-sided forming, refined joint structure, and improved joint performance. In particular, the welding method can achieve high-stability arc welding under high-speed welding conditions, so that the welding method has significant technical advantages in the welding of medium and thin plates. When this process is used for workpiece welding, in order to effectively control the welding deformation, the characteristics of high-speed welding of this process should be fully utilized to increase the welding speed as much as possible. However, under high-speed welding conditions, in order to improve the deposition efficiency, the power of the GMA arc is generally increased to obtain a larger amount of welding wire deposition. However, this method of increasing the amount of deposited metal by increasing the power of the GMA arc tends to overheat the molten pool metal, which seriously affects the weld formation, and even causes defects such as weld collapse and undercut, as well as joint performance and structure damage. It can be seen that for the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding process, the traditional method of increasing the arc power to improve the deposition efficiency has very large drawbacks and technical limitations, which restricts the welding process to achieve higher technical bottleneck of welding efficiency.
Invention Summary: The present invention proposes a laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method to further improve the efficiency of the welding process method. 1
The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the laser beam and the GMA arc are compounded in a side-axis compounding manner, and a welding wire is additionally filled to the action area of the laser-GMA compound heat source. The compound heat source and the heat of the molten pool are used to realize the melting of the filler wire and consume the excess heat in the welding process of the composite heat source. Under the condition of not increasing the arc power, the welding deposition efficiency is improved, the weld metal structure performance is improved, the damage of the welding heat input to the material is reduced, and the welding deformation is reduced.
With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the combination of the laser and the GMA arc adopts a combination of laser in front and arc behind or a combination of arc in front and laser behind. The feeding position of the welding wire is fed from the front end of the welding direction or from the middle position of the laser beam and the arc or fed from the rear of the welding direction. The filled welding wire swings at a frequency of 0-100 HZ along the welding wire perpendicular to the welding direction, and the swing range is 0-5 mm, so as to ensure that the weld metal spreads well after the welding wire is filled.
With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the diameter of the filler wire is ©0.8 mm-®1.6 mm, and the wire feeding speed of the filler wire is 1.0 -
15.0 m/min, the welding speed is 0.5-5.0 m/min, the welding current is 50-350A, the laser power is >500 W, and the distance between the filaments is within the range of 1-8 mm.
With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the laser used is a Nd: a YAG laser, a dish laser, a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a CO» laser.
With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the test base material is 6005A aluminum alloy profile, the profile state is T6 state, and the profile specification is 1000x 500x120 mm, the thickness of the welding area is 4 mm, the joint form is a butt joint with a 30° groove, and the welding requires the root to be penetrated and fill the welding groove on the back. The welding wire used is ER5087 aluminum alloy welding wire 2 with a diameter of ®1.2 mm. The welding process adopts pulsed MIG arc, and the laser is in 0106262 front and the arc is in the back during compounding. During the implementation process, the parameters of laser-MIG compound welding are: the welding speed is 2.6 m /min, the laser power is 3600W, and the welding current is 205A; the laser-MIG composite heat source wire filler welding adopts three different methods: front wire feeding, middle wire feeding and rear wire feeding. The welding parameters of the front wire feeding method are: the welding speed is 3.6 m/min, the laser power is S000W, the welding current is 205A, the wire feeding speed of the filler wire is 7.0 m/min, the wire swing frequency is 5 HZ, and the swing is 2 mm; the laser used is a fiber laser, the shielding gas is industrial pure argon, and the shielding gas flow rate is 20 L/min. After welding, the three types of laser-MIG composite heat source filler wire welds have good weld formation. Among them, the welding seam formed by the front wire feeding and the middle wire feeding method is better. Compared with the traditional laser- MIG composite welding, the welding speed is increased by more than 1/3 and the welding deformation is smaller.
With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the test base material is Q235 low carbon steel, and the test plate size is 300x120x10 mm. The welding wire used is ER50-6 gas shielded welding wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm, and the welding process uses pulsed MIG arc. When compounding, the laser is in front and the arc is behind. The laser used is a fiber laser. The shielding gas is 80% Ar+20% CO», and the shielding gas flow rate is 20 L/min. The laser-MIG composite welding parameters during the implementation process are: the welding speed is 1.5 m/min, the laser power is 2000W, and the welding current is 280A. The parameters of laser-MAG composite heat source filler wire welding are: the welding speed is 2.5m/min, the laser power is 2000W, the welding current is 280A, and the wire feeding speed of filler wire is 6.0 m/min. The swing frequency is 5 HZ and the swing amplitude is 3 mm. The laser-MAG composite heat source filler wire weld obtained after welding has very good weld shape. The laser-MAG composite heat source wire-filled weld obtained after welding has very good weld formation. Under the condition of significantly increased welding speed, the weld width of the weld is basically equivalent to that of laser-MAG composite welding.
Benefits: Compared with traditional GMAW, a laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method has technical advantages such as fast welding speed, low welding heat input, 3 small welding deformation, large weld penetration, easy to realize the single-sided welding and double-sided forming, refined joint structure, and improved joint performance.
Under the premise of not increasing the GMA arc power, it makes full use of the inherent characteristics of the heat source energy concentration, high thermal efficiency, and high molten pool temperature of the composite heat source welding method, and realizes the melting of the welding wire by additionally filling the welding wire and using the excess heat of the welding process. Therefore, the welding wire deposition efficiency of the welding process is increased to meet the demand for high deposition efficiency of the laser-GMA arc composite heat source welding method under high-speed welding conditions, increase the welding speed, reduce the welding deformation, and improve the welding quality.
Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front wire feeding scheme of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the intermediate wire feeding scheme of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the post-wire feeding scheme of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Presently Preferred Embodiments Embodiment 1: With the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, the laser beam and the GMA arc are compounded in a side-axis compounding manner, and a welding wire is additionally filled to the action area of the laser-GMA compound heat source. The compound heat source and the heat of the molten pool are used to realize the melting of the filler wire and consume the excess heat in the welding process of the composite heat source. Under the condition of not increasing the arc power, the welding deposition efficiency is improved, the weld metal structure performance is improved, the damage of the welding heat input to the material is reduced, and the welding deformation is reduced.
Embodiment 2: According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method described in embodiment 1, the combination of the laser and the GMA arc adopts a 4 combination of laser in front and arc behind or a combination of arc in front and laser behind. HU102262 The feeding position of the welding wire is fed from the front end of the welding direction or from the middle position of the laser beam and the arc or fed from the rear of the welding direction. The filled welding wire swings at a frequency of 0-100 HZ along the welding wire perpendicular to the welding direction, and the swing range is 0-5 mm, so as to ensure that the weld metal spreads well after the welding wire is filled.
Embodiment 3: According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source filler wire welding method described in embodiment 1 or 2, the diameter of the filler wire 1s DO.8 mm-®1.6 mm, and the wire feeding speed of the filler wire is 1.0 -15.0 m/min, the welding speed is 0.5-5.0 m/min, the welding current is 50-350A, the laser power is =500 W, and the distance between the filaments is within the range of 1-8 mm.
Embodiment 4: According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3, the laser used is Nd: a YAG laser, a dish laser, a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a CO; laser.
Embodiment 5: According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, the 6005A aluminum alloy profile is welded with the method mentioned above, and the welding result is compared with the result of traditional laser-MIG hybrid welding, the test base material is 6005A aluminum alloy profile, the profile state 1s T6 state, and the profile specification is 1000x 500x120 mm, the thickness of the welding area is 4 mm, the joint form is a butt joint with a 30° groove, and the welding requires the root to be penetrated and fill the welding groove on the back. The welding wire used is ER5087 aluminum alloy welding wire with a diameter of ®1.2 mm. The welding process adopts pulsed MIG arc, and the laser is in front and the arc is in the back during compounding. During the implementation process, the parameters of laser-MIG compound welding are: the welding speed is 2.6 m /min, the laser power is 3600W, and the welding current is 205A; the laser-MIG composite heat source wire filler welding adopts three different methods: front wire feeding, middle wire feeding and rear wire feeding. The welding parameters of the front wire feeding method are: the welding speed is 3.6 m/min, the laser power is 5000W, the welding current is 205A, the wire feeding speed of the filler wire is 7.0 0106262 m/min, the wire swing frequency is 5 HZ, and the swing is 2 mm; the laser used is a fiber laser, the shielding gas is industrial pure argon, and the shielding gas flow rate is 20 L/min. After welding, the three types of laser-MIG composite heat source filler wire welds have good weld formation. Among them, the welding seam formed by the front wire feeding and the middle wire feeding method is better. Compared with the traditional laser-MIG hybrid welding, the welding speed is increased by more than 1/3 and the welding deformation is smaller.
Embodiment 6: According to the laser-GMA arc composite heat source filler wire welding method described in one of the embodiments 1-5. Using the above method, the comparative tests of laser-MAG composite heat source surfacing and laser-MAG composite heat source surfacing welding are respectively performed on the Q235 test board with the method mentioned above. The test base material is Q235 low carbon steel, and the test plate size is 300x120x10 mm. The welding wire used is ER50-6 gas shielded welding wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm, and the welding process uses pulsed MIG arc. When compounding, the laser is in front and the arc is behind. The laser used is a fiber laser. The shielding gas is 80% Ar+20% CO», and the shielding gas flow rate is 20 L/min. The laser-MIG composite welding parameters during the implementation process are: the welding speed is 1.5 m/min, the laser power is 2000W, and the welding current is 280A. The parameters of laser-MAG composite heat source filler wire welding are: the welding speed is 2.5m/min, the laser power is 2000W, the welding current is 280A, and the wire feeding speed of filler wire is 6.0 m/min. The swing frequency is 5 HZ and the swing amplitude is 3 mm. The laser-MAG composite heat source filler wire weld obtained after welding has very good weld shape. The laser-MAG composite heat source wire-filled weld obtained after welding has very good weld formation. Under the condition of significantly increased welding speed, the weld width of the weld is basically equivalent to that of laser-MAG composite welding.
6

Claims (7)

CLAIMS LU102262
1. A laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method, characterized in that: the method includes: the laser beam and the GMA arc are compounded in a side-axis compounding manner, and a welding wire is additionally filled to the action area of the laser- GMA compound heat source. The compound heat source and the heat of the molten pool are used to realize the melting of the filler wire and consume the excess heat in the welding process of the composite heat source. Under the condition of not increasing the arc power, the welding deposition efficiency is improved, the weld metal structure performance is improved, the damage of the welding heat input to the material is reduced, and the welding deformation is reduced.
2. The laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method according to Claim 1, characterized in that: the combination of the laser and the GMA arc adopts a combination of laser in front and arc behind or a combination of arc in front and laser behind. The feeding position of the welding wire is fed from the front end of the welding direction or from the middle position of the laser beam and the arc or fed from the rear of the welding direction. The filled welding wire swings at a frequency of 0-100 HZ along the welding wire perpendicular to the welding direction, and the swing range is 0-5mm, so as to ensure that the weld metal spreads well after the welding wire is filled.
3. The laser-GMA arc composite heat source filler wire welding method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the diameter of the filler wire is 0.8-1.6 mm, and the wire feeding speed of the filler wire is 1.0 —15.0 m/min, the welding speed is 0.5-5.0 m/min, the welding current is 50-350A, the laser power is =500 W, and the distance between the filaments is within the range of 1-8 mm.
4. The laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method according to Claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: the laser used is a Nd: a YAG laser, a dish laser, a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser or a CO; laser.
5. The laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method according to Claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: the test base material is 6005A aluminum alloy profile, the profile state is T6 state, and the profile specification is 1000x 500x120 mm, the thickness of the welding area is 4 mm, the joint form is a butt joint with a 30° groove, and the 7 welding requires the root to be penetrated and fill the welding groove on the back. The 0106262 welding wire used is ER5087 aluminum alloy welding wire with a diameter of ®1.2 mm. The welding process adopts pulsed MIG arc, and the laser is in front and the arc is in the back during compounding. During the implementation process, the parameters of laser-MIG compound welding are: the welding speed is 2.6 m /min, the laser power is 3600W, and the welding current is 205A; the laser-MIG composite heat source wire filler welding adopts three different methods: front wire feeding, middle wire feeding and rear wire feeding. The welding parameters of the front wire feeding method are: the welding speed is 3.
6 m/min, the laser power is 5000W, the welding current is 205A, the wire feeding speed of the filler wire is
7.0 m/min, the wire swing frequency is 5 HZ, and the swing is 2 mm; The laser used is a fiber laser, the shielding gas is industrial pure argon, and the shielding gas flow rate is 20 L/min. After welding, the three types of laser-MIG composite heat source filler wire welds have good weld formation. Among them, the welding seam formed by the front wire feeding and the middle wire feeding method is better. Compared with the traditional laser-MIG composite welding, the welding speed is increased by more than 1/3 and the welding deformation is smaller.
6. The laser-GMA arc composite heat source wire-filled welding method according to Claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the test base material is Q235 low carbon steel, and the test plate size is 300x120x10 mm. The welding wire used is ER50-6 gas shielded welding wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm, and the welding process uses pulsed MIG arc. When compounding, the laser is in front and the arc is behind. The laser used is a fiber laser. The shielding gas is 80% Ar+20% CO», and the shielding gas flow rate is 20 L/min. The laser- MIG composite welding parameters during the implementation process are: the welding speed is 1.5 m/min, the laser power is 2000W, and the welding current is 280A. The parameters of laser-MAG composite heat source filler wire welding are: the welding speed is 2.5m/min, the laser power is 2000W, the welding current is 280A, and the wire feeding speed of filler wire is 6.0 m/min. The swing frequency is 5 HZ and the swing amplitude is 3 mm. The laser-MAG composite heat source filler wire weld obtained after welding has very good weld shape. The laser-MAG composite heat source wire-filled weld obtained after welding has very good weld formation. Under the condition of significantly increased welding speed, the weld width of the weld is basically equivalent to that of laser-MAG composite welding.
8
LU102262A 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 A Laser-GMA Arc Composite Heat Source Wire-filled Welding Method LU102262B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU102262A LU102262B1 (en) 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 A Laser-GMA Arc Composite Heat Source Wire-filled Welding Method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU102262A LU102262B1 (en) 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 A Laser-GMA Arc Composite Heat Source Wire-filled Welding Method

Publications (1)

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LU102262B1 true LU102262B1 (en) 2021-06-07

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Effective date: 20210607