LT6882B - Holder of the subframe system for ventilated facades - Google Patents

Abstract

This description describes a new bracket of the subframe system for building facade cladding, characterized by high non-combustibility, high mechanical strength, minimal thermal conductivity, and a possibility to adjust the length of the facade bracket. The described bracket of the subframe system for facade cladding allows proper holding of facade cladding, without forming thermal bridges in the building structures. The bracket consists of three parts, two different materials. Two parts of the holder, one part (1), which is attached to the exterior wall, and the other part (2), which is attached to the external subframe system (not visible in the drawing), are made of metal. In order that the metal holder would not pass heat to the outside of the building, it is “interrupted”, inserting both metal parts of the bracket into the third part of the holder, i.e. a non-metal link (3) in the shape of a rectangular tube without a rigidity partition (Fig. 2), with one rigidity partition (7) (Fig. 3) or with two rigidity partitions (7) (Fig. 4). When inserted into the link (3), both the parts of bracket (1) and (2) are fixed by means of mechanical flanges (4) (blind rivets, screws, etc.), which results in a reliable and robust connection as, after the blind rivets are connected, the link is in contact with both the metal parts of the holder by a relatively large surface area, which allows reducing the load on the rivets evenly over the area of the link. This new generation bracket is similar in shape and structure to the prototype under analysis, with analogous mechanical properties, manufacturing costs, and low value of the point heat transfer coefficient, but with better non-combustibility properties due to the structural advantage, and with the possibility of adjusting the length of the holder during construction operations on site.

Description

The present invention relates to structural elements for building facades and is intended for the fastening of a finish and the transfer of loads acting on it to a load-bearing building structure, creating a gap between the finish and the load-bearing structures for the thermal insulation material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known patents DE29703013U1 (published April 3, 1997) and DE102004025760A1 (published December 22, 2005) disclose the construction of facade supports used in construction in order to achieve sufficient mechanical strength and lower thermal conductivity of the holder. Despite their different constructions, both constructions of the holder use the same principle of interrupting the flow of heat, i. when the two parts of the holder are connected to each other by side surfaces through an insulating gasket. This method of connecting the two parts of the bracket maintains the good mechanical properties of the bracket, but due to the limited intermediate thickness (up to 5 mm thick) and the riveted joints of the rivets, which have a significant heat transfer, do not allow to achieve sufficiently good thermal insulation properties. Therefore, this type of holder has insufficient practical applicability.

Known patent CA2896974A1 (published July 17, 2014) discloses the construction of a construction support that achieves sufficient mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity of the support.

The construction of this holder consists of two metal parts of the holder (wall part and facade part), which are separated from each other by a connecting plastic part, which is made of fiber-reinforced plastic by molding. The connecting part is made by spraying reinforced plastic around the metal wall and façade parts of the bracket.

Because both metal parts of the holder are molded into a plastic mold, these holders are made of fixed length and do not have the ability to adjust their length. This is a significant shortcoming of these brackets.

Known patents RU174989U1, RU174983U1, RU174986U1, RU174987U1, RU174988U1, RU174990U1 (published November 15, 2017) and

RU175375U1 (published on 01.12.2017) discloses a construction of façade girders used in construction based on the analogous principle of redistribution of a metal girder, where the metal facade girder is divided by a low thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity coefficient λ 1) non-metallic construction material insert, e.g. thermoplastic, tempered glass, fluoropolymer, non-flammable reinforced composite materials with thermosetting polymer matrix and Lt, which aims at sufficient mechanical strength, fire resistance and low thermal conductivity of the holder. This insert of non-metallic construction material is defined in all embodiments as a flat strip shape and is fastened by clamping the non-metallic insert to the metal parts of the holder on the side only with screws, self-tapping or rivets. The connecting elements and the insert material used in this way bear a significant part of the load at the connecting holes, as a result of which the stress concentration increases and the reliability of the mechanical strength decreases.

Patents EP2180115A1 (published April 28, 2010) and LT 6136 (published March 25, 2015) disclose the construction of supports used in construction to achieve sufficient mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity. All constructions of these brackets have a main connecting part for connecting the load-bearing structure of the building with an exterior finish made of a reinforced composite material or, in the case of EP2180115A1, other materials with a thermal conductivity λ <20 W / m * K can be used. In the brackets described in these patents, the entire connecting part of the bracket is made of a composite or other material and only the ends of the brackets have special fixings to connect the bracket to the load-bearing structure (building wall) and the façade (exterior) of the building. Possible shapes of the connecting part of the holder are provided: strip, U-profile, L-profile, etc. flat profiles. Facade girders of this construction and shape have a low point thermal conductivity, but the non-metallic composite end of the glazing on the outside (on the front side of the building) is not sufficiently fire resistant and does not meet the highest flammability requirements. Because this type of bracket is made of a fixed length, such a construction has another drawback - its length cannot be adjusted during construction. This shortcoming does not allow to achieve a more even installation plane of the building's exterior finish, which results in the appearance of the building's exterior finish, unreliable fastening of the finish to the bracket in some places, damage to the bracket itself or the finish, and so on.

The nearest patent LT 6656 (published 25/09/2019) discloses the construction of brackets used in construction, which aims at sufficient mechanical strength of the bracket and low thermal conductivity. The construction of this holder is quite similar to the designs of the holders disclosed in the above-described patents EP2180115A1 and LT 6136. An essential distinguishing feature of this holder is the intended use of basalt or natural fibers for the production of the composite part of the holder. Facade girders of this construction and shape have a low point thermal conductivity and may have sufficient mechanical strength. However, a major disadvantage of this holder design is the composite end of the holder on the outside of the insulating layer, which reduces the fire resistance of this holder and prevents it from meeting the highest flammability requirements. Also, this construction has a significant disadvantage - these brackets are made of a fixed length and do not have the possibility to adjust its length during construction. For this reason, the installation of the ventilated facade frame construction is more complicated, takes more time, and the reliability of the building frame system installation may suffer.

The object of the invention is to increase the fire resistance of a ventilated facade frame system holder, thus reducing the risk of fire and to adjust the length of the facade holder during construction, thus facilitating the installation of the facade frame system and improving the reliability of the frame system and finishing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS fig. the assembled holder and its components are shown.

fig. an unassembled bracket and its components are shown, and a non-metallic connection 3 without a stiffness partition.

fig. unassembled bracket provided, with one non-metallic connector 3 stiffness partition 7.

fig. unassembled bracket provided, with two non-metallic connector 3 stiffness partitions 7.

fig. a drawing of the assembled bracket mounted on a load-bearing structure (outer partition) and contained in a layer of insulating material is given. This drawing shows all the components of the holder, as well as the outer partition, the 1st and 2nd insulating layers. In this drawing, it can be seen that the non-metallic connection 3 of the holder is present in the insulating layers 1 and 2, and only the metal part 2 is present on the outside of the insulating layer.

The bracket consists of: 1 - a metal part of the bracket, attached to the load-bearing structure (external partition), 2 - a metal part of the bracket, attached to the external frame structure of the building, supporting the façade finish, 3 - a non-metallic connection of the bracket flanges (rivets / self-tapping / screw connections, etc.), 5 - elongated holes for adjusting the length of the holder within certain limits, 6 - rectangular longitudinal recesses in the metal parts 1 and 2 of the holder, which limit the maximum metal parts of the holder 1, 2 the depth of the insertion into the non-metallic connection of the holder 3, 7 - the rigidity partition 3 of the non-metallic part of the holder, which may be several (Fig. 3), 8 - an elongated hole (Fig. 1) in the metal part 1 of the holder. 9 - holes in the metal part of the bracket 2 (Fig. 1) for vertical profiles of the ventilated facade frame (not shown in the drawings) t for attachment to the bracket, 10 - a special retaining “tongue” (Fig. 1) is formed in the metal part 2 of the bracket to support the vertical profiles of the ventilated façade frame (not shown in the drawings) until they are attached to the bracket.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This description presents a new design of the ventilated facade holder of buildings, characterized by high non-flammability properties, the possibility to adjust the length of the facade holder during construction, high mechanical strength, minimum thermal conductivity and high energy efficiency.

The bracket (Fig. 5) is attached at one end to the building, on the outside of the external kites of the building, and to the other end 2 of the bracket are the profiles of the ventilated façade frame to which the finish is attached (not shown in the drawing). Ventilation gaps are installed between the outer surface of the partition and the finish, thermal insulation materials are placed. The brackets of the ventilated facade frame system must be mechanically strong to withstand the weight of the facade frame and finish, wind loads and possible icing. On the other hand, the bracket (Fig. 5) must have the lowest possible thermal conductivity, as it penetrates through the insulation layer to one end of the external façade frame system to which the façade finish is attached and which is exposed to external temperature fluctuations, and the other end to the building exterior. partitions to be protected against external temperature fluctuations.

The patented holder has a unique design and is made up of three parts, two different materials. The two parts 1, 2 of the holder are made of metal, usually aluminum alloy, galvanized steel or stainless steel. In order to prevent the metal holder from transferring heat to the outside of the building, it is "interrupted", ie the two metal ends 1, 2 of the holder are separated from each other and inserted into an overlapping reversible rectangular non-metallic material connection 3 with low thermal conductivity. λ <1.0 W / m * K. The non-metallic joint 3 can be made of reinforced composites, reinforced plastics or other suitable non-metallic materials with not only low thermal conductivity but also low flammability and high mechanical strength. Inserted into the connection 3, both parts of the holder are connected with 4 mechanical flanges (rivets, screws, etc.) or glue, which results in a strong connection. When rivets or bolted joints are joined, the non-metallic joint contacts its two horizontal surfaces with both parts of the metal holder over a relatively large surface area, which makes it possible to reduce the loads on the rivets.

The connector 3 of the holder described herein can be made of a composite rectangular tube. In this case, the rectangular tube of the composite joint 3 is made by pultrusion of fiber-reinforced polymers, and fibers made of glass, basalt, aramid, carbon or other suitable inorganic or organic materials can be used to reinforce the polymer. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the composite used is λ = 0.2 * 0.4 W / m * K.

The connector 3 of the holder provided in this description can also be made of a reinforced plastic rectangular tube. The reinforced plastic connection is made by injection molding (Plastic Injection Molding). Although polyamide, 30-50% by weight, is best suited for the production of this joint, other plastics and other reinforcing fillers are available.

In order for the non-metallic joint 3 to have higher mechanical strength, it can be manufactured with a stiffness partition (Fig. 3). If necessary, not one but several stiffness partitions can be used (Fig. 4). In order to have even better mechanical properties, it is necessary to have wider brackets, so the latter are produced in the range of 50-150 mm wide (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4). Depending on the weight of the planned façade cladding panels, the expected wind loads, and the expected energy properties of the building and the thickness of the insulation material, the metal bracket parts 1 and 2 and the connection 3 are selected for the optimal width.

In construction sites, it is quite often necessary to use façade brackets of different but close enough lengths. In this case, it is important that the facade brackets have the ability to adjust the length during construction. The design of the proposed holder allows you to adjust its length as required in the range of 20 mm. For this purpose, elongate holes 5 are formed in the metal part 2 of the holder (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5), and the metal part 2 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is formed. .) is supplied to the customer loose with non-metallic connection 3 (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5). In this way, the length of the façade bracket is determined and fixed during construction by connecting the metal parts 1 and 2 of the bracket to the non-metallic connection with 3 rivets, screws, etc. the methods of aggregation provided for.

This original design of the holder of the present invention allows us to achieve all the objects of the invention. The construction of the bracket is designed so that only the non-combustible metal part 2 of the bracket (Fig. 5) remains on the outside of the insulating layer during installation on the construction site, to which the frame profiles of the ventilated facade are attached (not shown in the drawing). And the partially flammable non-metallic joint 3 (Fig. 5) is in the non-combustible insulating layer. This reduces the flammability of the bracket and the entire carcass system. The non-metallic rectangular pipe shape ensures sufficient mechanical properties of the bracket construction and reliable and convenient locking of the metal bracket parts 1, 2 in the joint 3. It is also possible to adjust and lock the length of the façade bracket during construction, thus facilitating and accelerating works and increasing the reliability of the fastening of the facade side finish.

The new technical solution presented in this description does not have the disadvantages of the other brackets reviewed and listed above.

DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION

Claims (7)

Ventilated façade frame system bracket in the form of a rectangular L-profile using various types of metal or fiber-reinforced composite, characterized in that the metal parts of the bracket (1) and (2) are joined together by means of a rectangular tubular non-metallic joint ( 3), having a thermal conductivity of 0.2 ˂ λ ˂ 1.0 W / m * K, and the metal parts of the holder (1) and (2) are placed at different ends of the non - metallic connection (3) and fixed with mechanical flanges (rivets / self - tapping screws, etc.) ) or glue joints. Holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal parts of the holder (1) and (2) are connected to each other by means of a profile joint (3) of reinforced composite material made by pultrusion in the form of a rectangular tube, having a thermal conductivity λ = 0.2 ÷ 0.4 W / m * K, the metal parts of the holder (1) and (2) are inserted at different ends of the non-metallic connection (3) and secured with mechanical flanges (rivets / self-tapping screws, etc.) or adhesive connections. Holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal parts of the holder (1) and (2) are connected to each other by means of a hollow rectangular reinforced plastic profile connection made by injection molding, and the metal parts of the holder (1) and (2) are inserted into the different ends of the non-metallic joint (3) and secured by mechanical flanges or adhesive joints. Holder according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the non-metallic connection (3) of the holder is made with one or more rigid partitions (7), which improves the mechanical properties of the connection (3). Holder according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal parts of the holder (1) and (2) are provided with rectangular longitudinal recesses (6) of predetermined length, as a result of which these metal parts (1), (2) are not only inserted to the non-metallic connector (3), but these recesses (6) act as retainers for locking the maximum intended depth of insertion of the metal parts of the holder into the connector (3). Holder according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that 2 elongate holes (5) are formed in the metal part (2) of the holder, as a result of which the depth (3) of the insertion of the metal part (2) into the non-metallic connection the length of the bracket during installation on the construction site. Bracket according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bracket is designed in such a way that, during installation on the construction site, only the non-combustible metal part (2) of the bracket is attached to the outside of the insulating layer and the non-metallic connection (3) ) is in the non-combustible insulating layer.