LT6136B - Fiber glass composite construction element - Google Patents

Abstract

A construction element of buildings (1), best represented in Fig. 1, intended for transferring loads from additional (5) to the load bearing (6) structures of the building and providing a gap in between for thermal isolation purposes, without creating a heat bridge. This construction element (1) is made of fiberglass composite, which is manufactured by pultrusion method and possesses good specific mechanical and thermal isolation properties, compared to the conventional materials used in the buildings. The fibers (2) of the composite of this construction element are perpendicular to the axis of torque that is acting on it, this torque arising from the forces that act on the additional structures (5). The construction element (1) also features holes (3) or different points of attachment to be connected to other construction elements (5, 6, 8, 9).

Description

The present invention relates to structural elements of structures. More particularly, the present invention relates to structural members of structures for transferring loads between structures, including a space between them for thermal insulation purposes.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

The solution of thermoregulatory problems is especially important in modern buildings. The purpose of the building is to maintain a relatively constant temperature during the daytime and seasonal fluctuations of air temperature, sun exposure and other factors that influence the building temperature. For this reason, it is especially important to use properly selected materials used in building structures. Under ideal conditions, these materials should have the lowest thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient, or the latter should be as close as possible to the thermal expansion coefficients of other materials used in the building. When conventional materials, such as metal, are used for exterior cladding structures, even with a sufficient layer of thermal insulation material, these structural structures often provide thermal bridges that reduce the overall thermal insulation performance of the building.

Another particularly important property of materials used in modern building structures is the relationship between mechanical strength and material density. For ambitious shapes, it is often necessary to use materials that are light and strong enough. This results in a higher ratio between the load carrying capacity and the weight of the structures. Even with conventional structures, lighter materials achieve lower overall material consumption.

European Patent EP1460191, published September 22, 2004, describes a support for ventilated facade panels. This support consists essentially of a body to which at least one lateral bar is attached and in which said body can be fixed to a wall, while the lateral bar can support a facade panel. The support is distinguished by the fact that it is made of a refractory material, preferably steel. The present invention uses steel having a relatively high thermal conductivity to become a thermal bridge between the building facade and supporting structures. Also, due to the relatively high density of the steel, this plate support is quite light weight to achieve the same stiffness. This adds extra load to the supporting structure of the building.

European Patent EP2194208, published June 9, 2010, describes a wall bracket for facade panels. This bracket has separate metal and wall and facade panels. The element mounted on the facade panels has parallel surface areas with the wall element and is bolted to it. Between these parallel surfaces, there is an insulating element embedded in their overlap area. This insulating element is made of hard rubber, plastic or fiber-reinforced material, and one of the fixing elements is made of aluminum. Because the insulating element is sandwiched between the mounting elements and through bolts that directly connect both wall and facade panels, a thermal bridge is avoided. As a result, the thermal properties of the insulating element are not well utilized in the present invention.

THE SUBSTANCE OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a structural element of a building for transmitting loads and providing a gap for thermal insulation applications which does not have the above disadvantages. The construction element described is made of a fiberglass composite profile which is made by pultrusion. This method of production ensures high fiber quality and significantly reduces costs compared to conventional fiberglass composites.

Fiberglass composite has an exceptionally high relative mechanical strength compared to conventional materials used in building structures. Also, in the construction element of the invention, the fiberglass filaments extend longitudinally. For these reasons, the structural member provided by the invention is lighter and more robust than most analogs. Due to the low thermal conductivity of this material, this structural element is particularly suitable when it comes to the need to transfer mechanical loads through a non-rigid thermal insulation layer, for example through insulation made of glass wool without creating a thermal bridge. The best use of the invention is the attachment of facade panels or other exterior finishing elements to the supporting structure of the building.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

The drawings herein illustrate the most preferred embodiments of the invention and the embodiments thereof. These drawings are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit legal protection. The scale and proportions of the drawings may not be retained.

FIG. 1. Embodiments of one embodiment of the invention, wherein the structural member (1) is made of a flat rod.

FIG. Embodiments of one embodiment of the invention in which the structural member (1) is made of a T-shaped profile.

3. Embodiments of one embodiment of the invention in which the structural member (1) is made of an L-shaped profile.

FIG. Embodiments of one embodiment of the invention in which the structural member (1) is made of a U-shaped profile.

FIG. Shows a possible diagram of the use of a rod-shaped structural member (1) in a structure. Top view.

FIG. Shows a possible diagram of the use of a rod-shaped structural member (1) in a structure. Side view.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 1, the structural building element (1) of the present invention is a slit-glass composite rod made by pultrusion. The cuts shall be made perpendicular to the filaments of the fiberglass (2). The length of the element (1) is chosen according to the thickness, width and thickness of the formed thermal insulation gap - according to the selected element's long, predicted loads and allowable deformations under these loads. At the end of the element (1), to which the connecting structures (5) are to be mounted, there are two holes (3) equally spaced from the edge of the cut and symmetrical with respect to a line extending along the element. At the other end of the element two pairs of holes were drilled in the above configuration. The diameter of the holes is selected according to the geometry of the intended rivets (4) or bolts. The location of any of the holes (3) is selected such that a rivet (4) or bolt passing through it connects the fiberglass structural member (1) to the attachment (5) or to the supporting structure (6) only, or to one additional support. a member (8, 9) engaging said structures.

In other embodiments, the number of mounting holes (3) may be larger or smaller depending on the loads and other mounting circumstances.

The most suitable other number of mounting holes (3) is two pairs of holes, two at each end of the structural member (1). In yet another embodiment, especially when a narrow profile is used, all mounting holes (3) may be drilled through a center line extending along the structural member (1).

FIG. Figures 5 and 6 show one possible embodiment of the embodiment in a structure. In this embodiment, the building element (1) of the present invention transfers the loads of the exterior facade panels (5) to the supporting structure (6) of the building through additional structural elements (8, 9). The structural element (1) is fastened to the additional structural elements (8, 9) by means of rivets (4). The riveting part is that riveting heads having a larger surface contact area are supported by a fiberglass structural member (1). This structural element forms a gap between the supporting structure of the structure and the connecting structures, in this case the facade panels (5). This includes thermal insulation (7).

In another preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 2, the structural element (1) of the present invention is cut out of a T-shaped profile. In still other embodiments shown in Figs. 3 and FIG. 4, this structural member is cut from L and U-shaped profiles. These profiles can be used when the horizontal forces acting on the joints are higher.

In other embodiments, the structural member (1) of the structure provided may have mounting planes parallel to the surfaces of the attachment (5) and support members (6) and additional structures (8, 9). In these or other embodiments, various clamping, clamping or other geometries may be used to mechanically fix the provided structural member (1) instead of screws or rivets. In still other embodiments, this element can be cured into the bearing structure.

Claims (10)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Structural building element (1) for transferring loads or their own weight to the supporting structural structures (6) of the structural structures (5) to be attached, and the gap (7) between the two structures for thermal insulation, characterized in that it is made of glass. fiber composite. 2. A structural member according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiberglass composite used therein is made by pultrusion. 3. Structural element according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the glass fiber filaments (2) of this element are perpendicular to the axis of the applied torque resulting from the forces exerted by the connecting structures (5). A structural member according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has locations for attachment to the attachable structures (5) and the supporting structure (6) and / or other structural members (8, 9) joining the attachable structures. (5) and / or supporting structure (6). Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said fixing points are holes (3) for fastening with screws or rivets (4). 6. A structural member according to claim 5, characterized in that said holes (3) are arranged such that any of the bolts or rivets (4) passing through these holes do not directly connect the connecting (5) and support (6) to the structure. constructions. Construction element according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is in the form of a flat rod. A structural member according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a T-shaped cross-section. Construction element according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has an L-shaped cross-section. Construction element according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a U-shaped cross-section.