LT5173B - Water-power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to building of water-power plants. The power plant contains a dam, piers, a hydro turbine. A hydro hinge with mounted the hydro turbine (2) or the hydro turbines and a generator (3) therein aggregates a movable block (1) that is assembled between the piers (4) with possibility to move up and down. The movable block (1) can be one piece or built in sections. However, the water-power plant could be assembled by one movable block (1) or some ones.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to the construction of hydropower plants. The invention can be used to build new river dams or to repair old ones.

State of the art

Hydrotechnology began with civilization. The utilization of irrigated lands was of particular importance as the earliest focal points of civilization in Asia Minor, India, and China were formed under precisely these conditions. The oldest known dam was buried from lands in Egypt near Merfi around 3000 BC. pr. m. e. The height of the dam was 17 m, length about 500 m.

It is estimated that the oldest hydroelectric structures in Europe - the dam of the sea - began to be built in the Netherlands around 200 m. pr. m. e. In the Middle Ages, shipping canals, water mills and hydro-grazing structures were built.

A major leap in the development of hydraulic engineering began at the end of the 19th century, when a water turbine was invented and electric generators were developed. 20th century At the end of the year, the total hydroelectric power of the world was about 300 min. kW.

With the construction of hydroelectric power stations, dams have improved and their construction has increased.

One of the most common ways of constructing hydroelectric power plants is when the installation facilities for hydroturbines are fixed and the hydro-reservoirs are built separately (Ruplys, B., "Hydrotechnical Buildings", Vilnius: Science, 1988). Hydro turbine facilities can be located adjacent to the turbines and separately, at a distance, choosing an economically viable construction site. The main problems when designing hydroelectric power plants are:

- Flood water passage through hydro barriers; construction of a hydroturbine building;

- construction of hydro-barriers;

- construction of protective embankments.

All of these problems need to be resolved reliably, provided that there will ever be or have been a major flood with a probability of 0.1%, which will make construction very expensive.

From an engineering and economic point of view, it is beneficial to construct high dams (up to 100 meters high) in the mid-mountains or other geographically convenient locations.

Lithuania is a lowland country, so high dams are not possible due to large flooded land. The construction of low-rise dams creates the problem of flooding through dams.

The proposed hydroelectric lift should solve this and many problems and reduce construction costs

The essence of the invention

A raised hydroelectric plant has all the basic features of a previously built hydroelectric plant, i.e. a hydroelectric structure with a dam, a hydro-turbine building, hydro-reservoirs, which are used to generate electricity by passing water through the hydroturbines from the higher water bluff to the lower water bluff. What is new in this hydroelectric power plant is that between the cups with the ability to move upwards there is a hydro-turbine shield fitted with a hydro-turbine or hydro-turbines and a generator forming a movable unit.

The movable unit can be either continuous or prefabricated, it is equipped with all the equipment necessary for the operation of the power plant, fish and litter guard grilles, repair panels.

The movable unit is raised up and down by a lifting mechanism, which can be mounted on cups or mounted on the movable unit itself.

A hydroelectric power station may consist of one or more mobile units.

The type of lift hydroelectric power plant combines the facilities of hydropower and hydro turbines into one structure. The hydroelectric power plant thus installed fulfills all its functions.

A raised hydroelectric power plant shall be installed as follows:

- Cups under construction;

- Cup-mounted panels with hydroturbines forming the movable block of the hydroturbines are moved up and down together with the hydroturbines, maintaining the desired level of the pond - the normal level of flooding (NPL).

A dam is needed to build a hydroelectric plant. The construction of the dam starts with the construction of dams (supports) and concreting of the bottom according to the hydrotechnical requirements. Then, onshore (in part or in whole), the hydroturbine unit is assembled and assembled into which the hydroturbine (hydro turbine) with generators and control is mounted. All other equipment necessary for the operation of the hydroelectric plant shall be installed. The entire hydroturbine unit is constructed to be robust as required.

The entire assembled hydroturbine unit (or parts) is placed between the cups in the prepared position and connected to the hoist.

A hydroelectric plant constructed in this way can already start producing electricity. The hydro-turbine unit performs two functions, one as a hydroelectric power plant and one as a shield for regulating water in a dammed river.

During operation, moving the hydroturbine unit successfully maintains a normal level of the dam and generates electricity.

During tides and ice, the hydroturbine unit is raised to the required height. This makes it possible to control flood water very easily through hydro barriers.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dam with a hydroelectric power station.

FIG. Figure 2 is a sectional view of a hydropower plant.

Description of Embodiment of the Invention

A movable unit 1 comprising one or more hydroturbines 2 and a generator 3 is movable relative to the cups 4 by means of a lifting mechanism 5 which may be mounted on the cups 4 or mounted on the hydroturbine movable unit 1. The amount of cups to be built water volume, dam height, power).

FIG. The section of the hydroelectric power plant shown in Figure 2 clearly shows the water levels in front of the building (NPL) and the lower bluff water level (HFL) behind the building. Beneath the movable unit 1 is a lifting mechanism 5 adjustable clearance between the hydroturbine unit 1 and the concrete base (sill 6 and sill 7). This can successfully support the required NPL.

The hydroturbine movable unit 1 is operated by hydroturbines at various levels

2. Water runs through turbines installed inside the unit to generate electricity.

This design of the hydroelectric power plant ensures the normal operation of the hydro-turbines at various times of river water flow, and also allows successful passage of the highest floods.

This method of construction of lift hydroelectric power plants is recommended for use in dams up to 10 m high with high water content, up to several hundred m ³ / s water flow and high tides.

The newly proposed method of construction of a raised hydroelectric power plant reduces the cost of construction by about twice as much and has a lesser impact on nature. There is no need to flood large areas of land and build tall hydroelectric plants. The lift hydroelectric power station is easy to operate. It is easy to maintain the required level of normal flooding in the pond, even during floods. As the amount of water passes through, the raised shields allow the fish to migrate, which is very important in preserving valuable migratory species.

Claims (5)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION A raised hydroelectric power plant comprising a dam, a noble hydro-turbine, characterized in that a hydro-turbine shield with a hydro-turbine or hydro-turbines (2) and a generator (3) forming a movable unit (1) . 2. A lifting hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable unit (1) is either continuous or prefabricated, in which fish and litter guard grilles and repair panels are mounted. A lifting hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movable block (1) is lifted up and down by a lifting mechanism (5). Lifting hydroelectric power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the lifting mechanism (5) is mounted on the cups (4) or on the movable block (1). A lift hydroelectric power plant according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises one or more movable units (1).