LT5169B - Fertilizers composition containing humine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to production of fertilizers and may be applied in production of both liquid and granulated organic mineral fertilizers containing humine, a product of organic origin.@The invention claims novel fertilizers composition containing product of organic origin - humine. The composition contains nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassium fertilizers (NPK) and organic material comprising humine, the components ratio being as follows (in mass ():@Mineral fertilizers (NPK) 15-28@Organic material, comprising humine 40-70@Among them, soluble humine substances @(expressed as humic acids) 0,1-0,6.@The source of humine is peat and sludge. The replacement of peat extrahents - ammonia andpotassium carbonate with soda, and of synthetic mineral nitrogeneous, phosphatic and potassium fertilizers with natural raw materials - phosphorite powder, bone meal and amino acids, allows to obtain ecological fertilizers suitable for ecological agriculture.

Description

The present invention relates to the production of fertilizers and can be used for the production of liquid and granular organic mineral fertilizers containing a product of humic origin of organic origin.

Humic fertilizers are products of organic origin containing biologically active substances - humic and fulvic acids and their compounds. The most valuable are humic acids and their compounds - humates. These substances stimulate plant growth, increase yield and improve its quality. It also enriches the soil with organic matter, which supports the biochemical processes of the soil, improves its structure and restores humus. Peat is one of the main raw materials for the production of these fertilizers. When peat is treated with alkalis or other extraction solvents, its organic matter is decomposed and the water-soluble humic compounds - humic and fulvic acids - are obtained by extraction.

Known composition of Belneftesorb, a Belarusian scientific production association, containing a humic extract of peat and used as a plant growth stimulator, "Hydrohumat" (see TU RB 03535026.282-97, NPO "Belneftesorb"). Its disadvantage is that it has a high pH value (12), which is undesirable for neutral reaction soils and does not affect soil improvement.

Also known is the Russian OAO "Buiskij chimičeskij zavod" (Buisk chemical plant) made from peat organic mineral fertilizer "Universalna" containing 40% organic matter, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and trace elements. Their disadvantage is that they have no water-soluble humic substances, which promote plant growth and improve the quality of the crop.

The aim of the invention is to create an organic mineral fertilizer containing water-soluble humins that stimulate plant growth, increase yield and quality, in addition to enriching the soil with organic matter that supports the biochemical processes of the soil, improves its structure and restores humus. the object of the invention is achieved by adding to the fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (NPK) organic matter containing humic substances, while maintaining the following components by weight:

Mineral fertilizers (NPK) 15-28 Organic substances containing humic substances 40-70 Volume humic substances (converted to humic acids) 0,1 - 0,6

Examples of production of peat humic extract - humic liquid fertilizer:

table

Lot # Peat (45- 50% humidity) kg / t Saltwater, m ³ Potassium carbonate kg / t Ammonia water kg / t 1 441 2.0 80 20th 2 441 2.03 40 30th

example (lot # 1):

It feeds half a volume of water (1 m ³ ) into the reactor from a salt water pipeline and activates an electric mixer. Add 441 kg of centrifuged and crushed peat and 20 kg of ammonia water. The reactor lid is closed and ammoniated for 30 min. The reactor is then charged with 80 kg of potassium carbonate and the rest of the salt-free water and heated until the temperature in the reactor reaches 90-95 ° C. The pulp temperature should be 85-90 ° C with continuous mixing. Extraction time -1.5 hours. The resulting black or dark brown liquid mass is transferred from the reactor into plastic containers. After 2-3 days, the settled clear liquid is drained from the mud. The obtained peat humic extract (liquid humic fertilizer) has a pH of 9 - 10.5, humic substances converted to humic acids 1.5 - 5.0% by weight and a density of 1.01-1.05 g / cm.

sample (lot 2) - production analogous to example 1, quantities of raw materials are given in table 1.

Physical and chemical parameters of the obtained peat humic extract (liquid humic fertilizer):

table

Lot # Appearance PH Density, g / cm ³ Huminous materials read on humic acids,% 1 Dark brown unclear fluid 9.3 1.05 5.0 2 Same 9.0 1.03 2.8

Production sludge - sludge - is a decomposed organic matter containing 1.9-2.6% soluble humic matter (converted to humic acids). It is used as a raw material for the production of granular organic mineral, humic fertilizers.

Example - Production of granular organic mineral NPK fertilizers (fertilizer grade 8-612):

Raw materials are calculated in kg / l fertilizer.

table

Make of fertilizer Sludge Dry peat (812% moisture) Urea das Diammonium phosphate Potassium chloride NPK (%) 8-6-12 850 335 120 180 220 NPK (%) 6-5-13 730 400 95 200 240

850 kg of wet sludge is added to the reactor and mineral fertilizers (120 kg of urea, 180 kg of diammonium phosphate and 220 kg of potassium chloride) are added. After 15 minutes mixing pour 335 kg of dry ground peat and mix for 1 - 1.5 hours. The moisture content of the prepared fertilizer pulp is 45 - 50%. The pulp is fed into a grinder, the grinder. The wet fertilizer pellets flowing from the granulator onto the conveyor are dried in hot air until they enter the receiving hopper. It mixes and dries the pellets with hot air streams, then returns to the start of the belt conveyor for repeated drying cycles. Hot air temperature - 60-65 ° C. The size and shape of the granules depend on the size of the perforated mesh of the granulator.

example - production analogous to example 3, raw material quantities are given in table 3 (fertilizer brand 6-5-13).

Physical and chemical parameters of the obtained granular organic mineral NPK fertilizers:

table

Make of fertilizer Appearance Pellet strong mass, kg / gran. Bulk density, kg / m ³ Organic materials mass fraction % Soluble humic substances read to hu- going r. % NPK8-6-12 Black granules 2.5 560 50 0.6 NPK6-5-13 Dark gray granules 1.5 500 50 0.4

An example is the production of liquid complex NPK fertilizers with a humic additive. Raw materials are calculated in kg / lt of production.

table

Make of fertilizer Ammonium po- lifophosphate Urea Potassium chloride Peat humino passage Water NPK19-3-5 82 395 85 300 138

Add water and peat humid to the reactor, turn on the agitator and reactor heating. The temperature should be about 60-80 ° C. The urea is then added and stirred for a further 15 minutes while maintaining the same temperature. The reactor heating is then shut off and liquid ammonium polyphosphate is added. Stir for about 10 minutes. and turns off the mixer.

Physico-chemical parameters of the obtained liquid complex NPK fertilizers with humic additive:

table

Make of fertilizer Appearance PH Density, g / cm ³ Huminous materials read on humic acids,% NPK 19-3-5 Dark brown unclear fluid 8.4 1,235 0.65

Using the same technology, organic fertilizers can be produced using natural, natural raw materials. Extracting the extraction solvents ammonia water and potassium carbonate as the natural raw material - baking soda for the extraction of peat humic, the phosphorous flour, bone meal and amino acids are used instead of the synthetic mineral fertilizers urea and diammonium phosphate to produce granular organic fertilizers.

Fertilizers were tested for fertilization of field crops and vegetables by LUA. It is planned to continue the agrochemical testing of this fertilizer for another 2-3 years.

The patented humic fertilizer composition has many advantages over analogs;

- uses Lithuanian raw material - Poraistė UAB and JSC Agrochema peat for fertilizer production;

- according to the proposed composition it is possible to produce various fertilizers - liquid humin (peat humin extract), granular organic mineral NPK and liquid complex NPK fertilizer with the addition of humic substances, which extends the range of fertilizers and application in agriculture;

- By replacing minerals with natural ones like baking soda, phosphorus flour, bone meal and amino acids, organic fertilizers suitable for use in organic farming can be obtained;

- soluble humins in fertilizers stimulate growth, improve yields and improve quality, as well as enrich the soil with organic matter that supports its biochemical processes, improves structure and restores humus

- liquid humic fertilizers have a lower pH value (9-10.5) than their analogues (12), making them more suitable for use in neutral reaction soils;

DEFINITION OF INVENTION

Claims (7)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 0.1-5 remaining up to 100 percent. 1. A humic fertilizer composition comprising nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, characterized in that it is supplemented with an organic substance containing humic substances, with the following component weight content: mineral fertilizers (NPK) 15-28 organic substances containing humic substances 40 - 85 in the form of soluble humic substances (converted to humic acids) water 2. A huminous fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw material for the humic substances is peat. 3. The humic fertilizer composition according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the organic material containing humic is a peat humic extract. 4. A huminous fertilizer composition according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the humic organic material is a sludge from production. 5. The humic fertilizer composition according to claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the extraction solvents for the extraction of the peat humic extract are ammonia water and potassium carbonate. 6. The humic fertilizer composition according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the extraction solvent for the extraction of the peat humic extract is baking soda. 7. The humic fertilizer composition according to claims 1,2 and 3, wherein the source of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is phosphorus flour, bone meal and amino acids.