LT4929B - Concrete with elastic addition - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is in the construction industry. The goal of the invention is to improve the physical and mechanical parameters of the product, increase its lifetime and resistance to cold. The percentage of mass of the concrete is as follows: cement 12.6-35.6%; elastic supplement (recycled tyre rubber ground to size 0.125-4.0 mm pieces) 0.84-42.5%; water - the remaining amount. Also there can be 12.1-77.1% of fine filler (sand); 40.5-47.0% of rough filler (stone, granite, gravel or a mix of all these components); 0.03-.0.89% of plastic or superplastic.

Description

The invention relates to the construction industry, namely, concrete, mortar and concrete products.

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The known mass of concrete containing these components is known. %: Cement 18.00-23.0; coarse aggregate 16.0-21.0; fine filler 39.0-44.0; hydrophobic supplement 0.3-0.5; filler - iron dispersive blast furnace waste 6,0-14,0 and residual water. It uses blast furnace slag or quartz sand as a fine and coarse aggregate, and coarse aggregate - stone chippings (see RU Patent No. 2047580, TPK C 04 B 28/08, publ. 1995).

The physical mechanical properties of concrete products from known concrete mass are not good enough.

The object of the invention is to improve the physical mechanical properties, durability and frost resistance of a concrete product.

The essence of the invention is that the concrete with the elastic admixture containing cement and water is of the following composition. %:

Cement 12.6 - 35.6

Elastic Attachment 0.84 - 42.5

Water (H ₂ O) remaining.

The essence of the invention is also that the concrete contains 12.1 - 77.1 mass. %. small fills.

It is also an object of the invention that the concrete contains 40.5-47.0% by weight. % bulky fills.

The essence of the invention is also that the concrete contains 0.03-0.89 wt. % plastic or superplastic.

It is also the essence of the invention that the coarse aggregate is stone, granite, shingle or pebble, or a mixture of these components optionally.

The essence of the invention is also that the fine aggregate is sand.

It is also the essence of the invention that the elastic additive is crushed particles of rubber waste up to 0.125 mm 4.0 mm.

The optimum limits for the components included in the concrete composition have been determined during experiments.

Cement is a hydraulic binder commonly used in the production of concrete. It is a fine grayish-green powder. The composition of cement is expressed as a percentage of the oxides it contains, the most important of which are CaO (62-64%), SiO ₂ (20-24%), Al ₂ O ₃ (4.0-7.5%) and Fe ₂ O ₃ (2, 0-5.0%). Cement is obtained by finely grinding clinker with a certain amount of gypsum. Clinker is produced by calcination of calcareous limestones or mixtures of limestone and clay so that calcined silicates predominate in the calcined product.

Elastic accessory - rubber waste. Rubber is a vulcanized (sulfur-heated) rubber. Vulcanization gives the rubber durability and elasticity.

Fine aggregate, sand, is a mixture of loose natural rock with grain sizes up to 4 mm.

Coarse aggregate, crushed stone, is a building material made of crushed natural rock or artificial stone. Natural dense rock - stone, granite, pebble rubble is used for concrete aggregates. Granite is a rock made of quartz crystals, feldspar and mica. Shingle is also a building material used for concrete aggregates. It consists of natural rock grains between 4 and 32 mm in size.

Plastic and superplastic are concrete additives added in small amounts to the concrete mixture during mixing, which can reduce the water content of the concrete mixture without changing its consistency, or increase the slippage of the concrete mixture without changing the water content, or both. Plastics reduce the water content of the concrete mix by more than 5% and superplasticizers by more than 12%.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

an example of getting concrete. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement - 22.7, fine aggregate, sand - 28.6, coarse aggregate, pebble - 40.5, elastic additive, crushed rubber waste particles up to 0.125-4.0 mm, - 0.84, superplasticizer 0.57 and water remaining.

Stir the cement sand into the mixer with constant agitation, crushed particles of rubber to size 0.125 - 4.0 mm and add water. Stir the mixture for 50 s - 5 min. in the period until homogeneous mass formation. Forms concrete samples from the prepared mixture and cures them at room temperature or higher up to 80 ° C in a humid environment with a relative humidity of at least 60% until the concrete reaches its design strength.

an example of getting concrete. Similarly, Example 1 obtained concrete and formed concrete samples from it. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement -26,4, fine aggregate, sand - 12,1, coarse aggregate, stone chippings - 47,0, elastic additive, crushed rubber waste particles up to 0,125-4,0 mm, - 6,00, superplasticizer 0.66 and water the rest.

an example of getting concrete. Similarly, Example 1 obtained concrete and formed concrete samples from it. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement - 18.3, fine aggregate, sand - 26.5, coarse aggregate, granite crush - 43.3, elastic additive, crushed rubber waste particles up to 0.125-4.00 mm - 2.77 and water remaining quantity.

an example of getting concrete. Similarly, Example 1 obtained concrete and formed concrete samples from it. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement -12.6, fine aggregate, sand - 77.1, elastic additive, crushed to 0.125-4.0 mm rubber ¹ waste particles - 0.96, and water - remaining.

an example of getting concrete. Similarly, Example 1 obtained concrete and formed J concrete samples from it. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement 15.2, fine aggregate, sand 67.4, elastic additive, rubber waste particles reduced to 0.125 - 4.00 mm, 7.19, superplasticizer 0.38 and remaining water.

an example of getting concrete. Similarly, Example 1 obtained concrete and formed concrete samples from it. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement - 34.3, elastic additive, crushed rubber waste particles up to 0.125-4.00 mm, -40.7 and water - remaining.

an example of getting concrete. Similarly, Example 1 obtained concrete and formed concrete samples from it. Concrete composition as follows, mas. %: cement 35.6, elastic additive, crushed rubber waste particles up to 0.125-4.00 mm, 42.5, plastic 0.89 and water remaining.

The physical mechanical properties of concrete are given in the table.

Indicator Figure 1. Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6. Figure 7 Density, kg / m ^{J υ} 2385 Compressive strength, 2060 2240 2380 1970 1090 1165 MPa ²⁾ 60,0 Tensile strength determined by splitting 21.0 28.0 12.5 8.0 0.49 0.91 MPa ³⁾ 4.4 2.5 3.1 1.9 1.3 - -

Dynamic elasticity

module, GPa 37.0 21.0 28.0 22.5 15.0 - - Frost resistance, number of cycles ⁵⁾ 100 100 100 100 100 -

1) Determined in accordance with LST ISO 6275: 1995.

2) Determined in accordance with LST ISO 4012: 1995.

3) Determined according to ISO 4108.

4) Determined by kh. JlemuHCKHH M.IO. HcntrraHMe SeTOHa: CnpaBOMHoe nocoSue.— M.: CTpoiiH3ąaT, 1980. - 360 c.

5) Determined according to LST 1428/17: 1997 by soaking specimens in 5% sodium chloride solution.

The concrete composition of the declared composition exhibits sufficiently good physical mechanical properties: strong, durable and frost resistant. The use of an elastic additive - rubber waste, which is crushed to a size of 0.125-4.0 mm for the production of concrete - solves its recovery.

Claims (7)

Definition of the Invention 1. Concrete with an elastic aggregate containing cement and water, characterized in that it has the following composition. %: Cement 12.6 - 35.6 Elastic Attachment 0.84 - 42.5 Water (H2O) remaining. 2. Concrete with an elastic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains from 12.1 to 77.1 weight. % fine fill. 3. Concrete with an elastic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 40.5-47.0% by weight. % bulky fills. 4. Concrete with an elastic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.03-0.89 wt. % plastic or superplastic. 5. Concrete with an elastic additive according to claim 2, characterized in that the fine aggregate is sand. 6. Concrete with an elastic additive according to claim 3, characterized in that the coarse aggregate is stone chippings, granite chippings, shingle chippings or pebbles, or a mixture of these components optionally. 7. Concrete with an elastic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic additive is crushed particles of rubber waste up to 0.125-4.0 mm.