KR970009090B1 - Method for manufacturing a steel alloy and the same product - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a steel alloy and the same product Download PDF

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KR970009090B1
KR970009090B1 KR1019940035196A KR19940035196A KR970009090B1 KR 970009090 B1 KR970009090 B1 KR 970009090B1 KR 1019940035196 A KR1019940035196 A KR 1019940035196A KR 19940035196 A KR19940035196 A KR 19940035196A KR 970009090 B1 KR970009090 B1 KR 970009090B1
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corrosion resistance
alloy
iron
iron alloy
present
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KR1019940035196A
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KR960023163A (en
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김용석
송진화
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김만제
포항종합제철주식회사
신창식
재단법인 산업과학기술연구소
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/58—Oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a iron alloy with high corrosion resistance. A process for producingthe iron alloy comprises the steps of: vacuum melting a steel composed, by atom, of 21-25% of Al and Fe as the remainder, or 21-25% of Al, one or two kinds of 1-4% of Cr and up to 2% of Mo, and Fe as the remainder; solution treatment in the alpha Fe zone; rapidly quenching by oil; homogenization by heat treatment at a temperature of 400-530 deg.C for at least 24 hr; rapidly quenching by oil to produce the iron alloy with high corrosion resistance in which alpha-Fe and DO3(Fe3Al) coexist.

Description

내마식성이 우수한 철합금 및 그 제조방법Iron alloy with excellent corrosion resistance and manufacturing method

본 발명은 제철소 집진설비 또는 발전설비등의 판재로 사용되는 철합금 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 내마식성이 우수한 철합금 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an iron alloy used as a plate material, such as steel mill dust collector or power generation equipment, and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to an iron alloy excellent in corrosion resistance and a manufacturing method thereof.

일반적으로 마식이라함은 기체 또는 유체에 실려 유동되는 고체입자가 재질 표면과 충돌할 때 발생하는 마모의 한 형태로, 이와 같은 마식마모는 제철소 집진설비 또는 발전설비등과 같은 입자가 비산하는 조업조건하의 설비에서 많이 발생한다.Generally, abrasion is a type of wear that occurs when solid particles carried in a gas or a fluid collide with a material surface. Such abrasion is an operating condition in which particles such as steelworks dust collector or power generation equipment are scattered. It occurs a lot in the plant below.

이와 같은 마식마모에 대하여 종래에는 경도가 높은 소재일 수록 내마식성이 강하다는 개념하에 설비가 노출되는 마식 조건과 관계없이 경도가 높고 가격이 비싼 하드훼이싱 합금이 용접법에 의해 시공되어 널리 사용되어 오고 있다.In the past, such hard wear alloys have been widely used by welding because hard-harding alloys with high hardness and high price are constructed by welding, regardless of the wear conditions under which equipment is exposed. have.

그러나, 이러한 합금은 첨가되는 원소가 고가일 뿐만 아니라, 특히 소재의 경도만을 증가시켜 내마식성을 향상시키고자 하고 있기 때문에 실제 우수한 내마식성을 기대할 수 없다.However, such alloys are not only expensive to add elements, but in particular, since they are intended to improve the corrosion resistance only by increasing the hardness of the material, it cannot be expected to actually have excellent corrosion resistance.

이와 관련하여 본 발명자들이 최근에 행한 연구 및 실험에 의하면 재료의 내마식성을 개선시키는데에는 소재의 경도외에 소재의 가공경화 특성이 대단히 중요한 역할을 한다는 점을 인식하고, 이에 대한 연구결과를 제사한 바 있다.(대한 금속화회지 Vpl. 31, No. 10, pp 1299, 1993)In this regard, according to the recent researches and experiments of the present inventors, the present inventors have recognized that the work hardening characteristics of the material play a very important role in improving the corrosion resistance of the material. (Korean Journal of Metallization Vpl. 31, No. 10, pp 1299, 1993)

이에 본 발명은 이와 같은 연구결과에 기초하여 값비싼 합금 원소들을 사용하지 않거나 소량사용하여 소재의 경도뿐만 아니라 가공경화특성을 고려하므로서, 내마식성이 우수한 철합금 및 그 제조방법을 제공하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention is to provide an iron alloy excellent in corrosion resistance and a method of manufacturing the same, considering the hardness of the material as well as the work hardening properties by using a small amount of expensive alloying elements or a small amount based on the results of the study. There is this.

이하, 본 발명을 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.

본 원자%로, Al : 21-25% 및 잔부 Fe로 이루어지거나 또는 여기에 1-4%의 Cr 및 2% 이하의 Mo 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종이 함유되어 조성되고, 그 조직이 α상과 DO3(Fe3Al)의 금속간 화합물로 이루어지는 내마식성이 우수한 철합금에 관한 것이다.In this atomic%, it consists of Al: 21-25% and remainder Fe, or it contains 1 type or 2 types chosen from 1-4% Cr and 2% or less Mo, and the structure consists of an alpha phase and It relates to an iron alloy excellent in corrosion resistance composed of an intermetallic compound of DO 3 (Fe 3 Al).

또한, 본 발명은 상기 조성을 갖는 강을 진공용해한 후, α철 영역에서 용체화 처리한 다음, 유냉으로 급냉처리하고, 이어서 400-530α의 온도에서 24시간 이상 규칙화 열처리한 후 유냉으로 급냉처리하는 내마식성이 우수한 철합금의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention is vacuum-dissolved steel having the above composition, followed by solution treatment in the α iron region, and then quenched with oil cooling, followed by regular heat treatment at a temperature of 400-530α for at least 24 hours and then quenched with oil cooling It relates to a method for producing an iron alloy excellent in corrosion resistance.

이하, 본 발명 합금에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the alloy of the present invention will be described in detail.

본 발명에 있어 함유되는 알루미늄은 DO3(Fe3Al) 구조를 갖는 철과 알루미늄으로 구성된 철계 금속간화합물을 형성시키기 위한 목적으로 첨가된다.Aluminum contained in the present invention is added for the purpose of forming an iron-based intermetallic compound composed of iron and aluminum having a DO 3 (Fe 3 Al) structure.

상기 철과 알루미늄으로 구성된 철계 금속간화합물은 가공경화능이 뛰어난 것으로 알려져 있어, 내마식성에 그 우수한 가공경화능을 이용코자 함이다.The iron-based intermetallic compound composed of iron and aluminum is known to have excellent work hardening ability, and is intended to use its excellent work hardening ability for corrosion resistance.

이때, 첨가되는 Al의 함량은 최종 열처리를 통하여 철합금의 상이 α와 금속간화합물 DO3가 혼재된 상을 얻기 위하여 원자%(이하, %라함.)로 21-25%로 제한함이 바람직하다.At this time, the amount of Al added is preferably limited to 21-25% in atomic% (hereinafter referred to as%) to obtain a phase in which the iron alloy phase is mixed with α and the intermetallic compound DO 3 through the final heat treatment. .

만일, Al의 함유량이 이 범위를 벗어나게 되면 α상과 금속간화합물 DO3가 혼재된 상을 얻을 수 없게 된다.If the Al content is out of this range, a phase in which the α phase and the intermetallic compound DO 3 are mixed cannot be obtained.

또한, 본 발명에서는 높은 가공경화능과 함게 재질 경도를 높임으로서 더욱 뒤어난 내마식성의 증가 효과를 얻고자 하였는데, 이를 위해 상기 Cr 및 Mo을 첨가하면 철과 알루미늄으로 구성된 금속간화합물의 연성을 크게 저하시키지 않으면서도 경도를 높일 수 있다.In addition, the present invention was intended to obtain a further increase in the corrosion resistance by increasing the material hardness with a high work hardening ability, for this purpose, the addition of the Cr and Mo to greatly increase the ductility of the intermetallic compound consisting of iron and aluminum The hardness can be increased without lowering.

크롬의 경우 철계 금속간화합물의 연성 저하 효과가 거의 없이 경도를 높일 수 있는 합금이다.In the case of chromium, it is an alloy that can increase the hardness with little effect on the ductility of the iron-based intermetallic compound.

이때, 크롬에 의한 고용강화효과는 Cr의 함량이 높을수록 증가되나 경제성을 고려하여 Cr의 함량을 4% 이내로 제한하여 1∼4%의 범위로 첨가하면 충분하다.At this time, the solid solution strengthening effect by chromium is increased as the content of Cr increases, but considering the economical efficiency, it is sufficient to limit the content of Cr to within 4% and add it in the range of 1 to 4%.

반면에 Mo은 Cr에 비하여는 철계 금속간화합물의 상온연성을 저하시키는 단점을 지니고 있으나, 고융강화에 의한 경도증가의 효과가 크므로 첨가되었다.On the other hand, Mo has the disadvantage of lowering the room temperature ductility of the iron-based intermetallic compound compared to Cr, but was added because the effect of increasing the hardness by high melting strengthening.

그러나, 그 함량이 2%를 넘게 되면 상온 뿐 아니라 고온에서도 금속간화합물의 연성이 크게 저하되므로 Mo의 함량이 2% 이내로 제한하여 첨가함이 바람직하다.However, when the content exceeds 2%, the ductility of the intermetallic compound is greatly reduced at high temperature as well as at room temperature, and therefore, the content of Mo is preferably added within 2%.

상기 Cr 및 Mo은 상기 범위내에서 1종 또는 2종이 첨가되며, 이때 철합금의 조직은 α상과 DO3가 공존하도록 하여야만 내마식성이 우수하게 된다.The Cr and Mo is one or two are added in the above range, the structure of the iron alloy is excellent in corrosion resistance only if the α phase and DO 3 to coexist.

이하, 본 발명합금을 제조하는 방법에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the method for producing the alloy of the present invention will be described in detail.

우선, 상기한 조성을 지닌 철합금은 진공중에서 용해하여 주조하는데, 이때의 진공도는 10-1torr 이하의 통상조건으로 하면된다.First, the iron alloy having the composition described above is melted and cast in a vacuum, and the vacuum degree at this time may be set to a normal condition of 10 −1 torr or less.

상기와 같이 주조하여 다양한 형상으로 만들거나 또는 주조된 주편을 열간압연등 가공을 행하여 판재로 만들 수 있는데, 본 발명에서는 이러한 강의 형상은 제한하지 않고, 가공된 강 조성의 균질화를 위하여 α철 영역에서 용체화처리한 후 일반급냉 열처리용 기름중에서 급냉처리를 한다.The casting can be made into various shapes by casting as described above or the cast slab can be made into a plate by performing hot rolling or the like. In the present invention, the shape of the steel is not limited, and in the α-iron region for homogenization of the processed steel composition. After solution treatment, it is quenched in general quench heat treatment oil.

그다음 급냉처리된 합금이 우수한 내마식성을 지니기 위하여는 완전히 규칙화된 금속간화합물 상(DO3구조)과 α상이 혼재된 상을 지녀야 하므로, 용체화처리후 급냉된 합금을 400-530℃의 온도 영역에서 24시간 이상 유지한 후, 다시 일반 열처리용 기름중에서 급냉처리 하여야 한다.The quenched alloy must have a mixture of fully ordered intermetallic compound phase (DO 3 structure) and α phase in order to have excellent corrosion resistance. After holding for 24 hours or more in the area, it must be quenched in normal heat-treated oil.

만일 급냉처리된 합금을 상기 범위를 벗어나서 처리하게 되면 α상의 철이나 DO3상만이 존재하여 되어 본 발명에서 얻고자 하는 내마식 특성을 얻을 수 없다.If the quenched alloy is treated outside of the above range, only the α-phase iron or DO 3 phase is present, so that the anti-corrosion characteristics desired in the present invention cannot be obtained.

이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.

[실시예]EXAMPLE

하기 표 1과 같은 조성을 갖는 합금을 진공유도용해한 후 용해 주조된 주편을 열간압연하여 판재를 제조하였다.The alloy having a composition as shown in Table 1 was vacuum-induced, and then melt-cast cast slab was hot rolled to prepare a plate.

이때 열간압연은 1200℃에서 3시간 균질화 열처리후, 압하율 70-80%로 행하여으며, 마무리 압연온도는 650-700℃ 정도가 되었다.At this time, hot rolling was carried out at a temperature reduction rate of 70-80% after homogenizing heat treatment at 1200 ° C for 3 hours, and the finish rolling temperature was about 650-700 ° C.

그다음 압연된 판재를 α철 영역인 850℃에서 1시간 동안 용체화처리한 후, 유냉으로 급냉하고, 하기 표 1과 같은 열처리 조건에서 규칙화 열처리하고, 열처리된 소재로부터 길이 50mm, 폭 30mm의 마식시편을 기계가공하여 마식시험을 실시하였고, 그 결과를 하기 표 2에 나타내었다.The rolled sheet was then solution treated at 850 ° C. for 1 hour at α iron, and then quenched with oil cooling, followed by regular heat treatment under the heat treatment conditions shown in Table 1 below, and a 50 mm long, 30 mm wide finish from the heat treated material. The specimen was machined and subjected to abrasion test, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

상기 표 1에서 종래예(1)(2)의 합금성분은 중량%로 나타낸 것이고, 나머지 합금성분은 모두 원자%로 나타내졌으며, 종래예의 경우의 합금성분은 육성용접에 의한 용착금속의 합금성분을 보인 것이다.In Table 1, the alloy components of the prior art examples (1) and (2) are shown in weight percent, and the remaining alloy components are all expressed in atomic%. In the case of the prior art, the alloy components of the weld metal by the welding welding are represented. It is seen.

또한, 비교예(1)과 (2)는 발명예(3)과 발명예(5)와 각각 성분이 동일하나, 열처리 조건을 달리하여 열처리 효과를 보여주기 위한 비교예이고, 비교예(3)은 알루미늄 함량이 본 발명 조성을 벗어나는 합금으로 합금성분의 효과를 보이기 위한 비교예이다.In addition, Comparative Examples (1) and (2) are the same components as Inventive Example (3) and Inventive Example (5), respectively, but are comparative examples for showing the heat treatment effect by varying the heat treatment conditions, and Comparative Example (3) Silver aluminum is a comparative example for showing the effect of the alloy component in the alloy outside the composition of the present invention.

한편, 하기표 2의 마식마모량은 길이 50mm, 폭 30mm의 마식시편에 알루미나 입자(80mesh)의 입사각도를 30°, 60°, 90°로 달리하여 56m/sec의 입자속도로 5분간 충돌시키는 마식시험을 상온에서 행한 후 마식시험전 시편의 무게에서 마식시험후 시편이 무게를 뺀 무게를 마식마모량으로 하여 나타낸 것이다.On the other hand, the amount of abrasion wear shown in Table 2 is a friction that impacts the alumina particles (80 mesh) at 30 °, 60 °, 90 ° to the abrasion specimen of 50mm length, 30mm width for 5 minutes at a particle speed of 56m / sec After the test is performed at room temperature, the weight of the specimen after the abrasion test after the abrasion test is expressed as the amount of abrasion wear.

상기 표 2에서 나타난 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 성분 및 규칙화 열처리 조건을 갖는 발명예는 종래의 내마모 재료보다 더 우수한 내마식특성을 갖고 있으며, 특히 입자의 입사각도가 높은 마식조건에서 더욱 뛰어난 내마식특성을 보이고 있다.As shown in Table 2, the invention with the components and the ordered heat treatment conditions according to the present invention has a better wear resistance than the conventional wear-resistant materials, especially in a high wear angle conditions of the high incident angle of the particles Wear resistance is shown.

반면에 비교예(1)과 비교예(2)는 본 발명에 의한 합금성분을 지니고 있어도, α상과 규칙화된 DO구조의 금속화합물이 혼재된 상을 지니도록 열처리되지 않은 경우로서, 그 내마식성은 본 발명에 의한 열처리를 거친 시편에 미치지 못한다는 것을 알 수 있다.On the other hand, Comparative Example (1) and Comparative Example (2), even though the alloy component according to the present invention is not heat-treated to have a phase in which the α phase and the metal compound of the ordered DO structure are mixed. It can be seen that the diet is less than the specimen subjected to the heat treatment according to the present invention.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명은 고가의 합금원소가 아닌 알루미늄 또는 여기에 미량의 크롬과 몰리브데늄을 적절히 첨가하고, α상과 규칙화된 DO구조의 금속간화합물이 혼재되도록 규칙화 열처리를 거침으로써, 우수한 내마식성을 지니게한 합금이 제공되며, 이러한 합금은 부유입자 또는 유체에 실린 가속입자가 마식마모를 일으키는 발전설비, 제철소 원료관련 설비, 시멘트 제조설비등 마식마모가 심한 설비에 이용될 수 있는 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention appropriately adds a small amount of chromium and molybdenum to aluminum or non-expensive alloying elements, and undergoes a regular heat treatment to mix an α phase and an intermetallic compound having a regular DO structure. As a result, an alloy having excellent wear resistance is provided, and the alloy can be used for abrasion-resistant equipment such as power generation equipment, steelworks raw material-related equipment, and cement manufacturing equipment, in which suspended particles or accelerated particles in fluid cause wear. It is effective.

Claims (2)

원자%로, Al : 21∼25%, 및 잔부 Fe로 이루어지거나 또는 여기에 1-4%의 Cr 및 2% 이하의 Mo 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종이 함유되어 조성되고, 그 조직이 α상과 DO3(Fe3Al)의 금속간 화합물로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 내마식성이 우수한 철합금.Atomic%, consisting of Al: 21 to 25%, and the balance Fe, or contains one or two selected from 1-4% Cr and 2% or less Mo, the composition is composed of α phase and Iron alloy with excellent corrosion resistance characterized by consisting of an intermetallic compound of DO 3 (Fe 3 Al). 원자%로, Al : 21-25% 및 잔부 Fe로 이루어지거나 또는 여기에 1-4%의 Cr 및 2% 이하의 Mo 중에서 선택된 1종 또는 2종이 함유되어 조성된 강을 진공용해한 후, α철 영역에서 용체화 처리한 다음, 유냉으로 급냉처리하고, 이어서 400-530℃의 온도에서 24시간 이상 규치화 열처리한 후, 유냉으로 급냉처리 함을 특징으로 하는 내마식성이 우수한 철합금이 제조방법.Al-21% to 21% by weight and the balance of Fe, or 1 to 2% of Cr and 2% or less of Mo contained in one or two of the steel composition, vacuum-dissolved A method of producing an iron alloy having excellent corrosion resistance, characterized in that the solution is quenched in a region, then quenched with oil, followed by a quenching treatment for at least 24 hours at a temperature of 400-530 ° C., followed by quenching with oil.
KR1019940035196A 1994-12-20 1994-12-20 Method for manufacturing a steel alloy and the same product KR970009090B1 (en)

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