KR970001783B1 - Hammer crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Hammer crusher

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a hammer crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG.

Figure 2 is a rotor longitudinal section of the hammer crusher according to the present invention.

3 is a plan view of a rotor of a hammer crusher according to the present invention.

4 is an enlarged view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1, showing the periphery of the lattice of the hammer crusher according to the present invention.

5 is a perspective view showing a lattice according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6A is a side view showing the minimum clearance gap state of the grating shown in FIG. 5; FIG.

FIG. 6B is a plan view showing a minimum gap state of the lattice shown in FIG.

FIG. 7A is a side view showing a gap intermediate state of the lattice shown in FIG. 5; FIG.

FIG. 7B is a plan view showing a gap intermediate state of the lattice shown in FIG.

FIG. 8A is a side view showing the maximum gap state of the lattice shown in FIG. 5; FIG.

FIG. 8B is a side view showing the maximum gap state of the lattice shown in FIG.

9 is a perspective view showing a grating according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a perspective view showing a grating according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional hammer mill.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Casing 2: Inlet

3: outlet 4: grinding chamber

5: rotor 9: hammer

10 support shaft 12 impingement member

12b: step 14: grid

15: turning arm 16: axis

17 plate 18,20,22 lattice member

19,21,23: Lattice C: Hammer Crusher

D: grinding object E: gap

S: interval F: clearance adjustment mechanism

[Field of Invention]

The present invention relates to a hammer crusher for pulverizing a pulverized object, which is a waste (hereinafter referred to as a composite material) to which a resin or the like is attached or adhered to a metal, such as a refrigerator. The present invention relates to a hammer crusher for separating metals, resins, and the like.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, a composite material to be bonded or adhered to a metal, such as a refrigerator, or the like, is crushed by a hammer mill (M), as shown in FIG. The pulverized substance D is pulverized by the impact of the hammer 52 rotating at a high speed, and the pulverized substance D smaller than the gap 54 of the lattices 53 attached to the surroundings is discharged as a product, and the lattice ( The to-be-milled material D larger than the clearance gap 54 of 53 is discharged when the hammer 52 impact is crushed and becomes smaller than the grating 53 again.

Grinding by this hammer mill M grind | pulverizes the to-be-processed object D to a desired magnitude | size by grinding | pulverization by the impact of the hammer 52, and compression | pulverization between the hammer 52 and the lattice 53. In addition, the structure is such that only the to-be-processed object D smaller than the clearance gap 54 of the grating 53 mounted to the periphery is discharged | emitted. Therefore, it is a crusher which can regulate the maximum discharge | emission magnitude | size of the to-be-processed object D.

In addition, since the to-be-pulverized object D grind | pulverized in this way is a composite material which resin etc. adhere | attached to the metal, for example in a refrigerator, it is discharged in the state in which resin etc. were entangled in the metal. Thus, the pulverized material D thus pulverized is disposed of in landfills and the like.

[Summary of invention]

In recent years, however, it is required to effectively reuse limited resources (hereinafter referred to as recycling) by recovering important resources instead of simply crushing and burying waste.

As such recycling means, it is possible to effectively recycle the respective resources if the metal and the resin are separated in the pulverized material (D) made of a composite material in which the metal and the resin are mixed.

However, as described above, since wastes such as a refrigerator are adhered to a metal by a resin or the like, even when pulverized by the hammer mill M, the pulverized matter D is simply reduced, and the resin is attached to the metal. The resin is discharged as it is in a state where the resin is entangled in the metal.

Therefore, even if the magnetic substance such as iron is separated from the pulverized object D mixed with the metal and resin, for example, the magnet is discharged to the magnet side as the resin is entangled in the metal. It is the composite material which the back united. Such a to-be-ground object contained different materials also at the time of recycling, for example, it was not acquired by a scrap supplier for iron and a plastic supplier for plastic. In other words, in a composite material in which a metal, a resin, or the like are integrated, it is impossible to recycle each other without separating them.

As described above, in the conventional hammer mill, it is possible to simply pulverize the object to be shredded. However, it is possible to grind the material of the composite material in which the metal and the resin are integrally separated into small pieces and to separate the material by each material. It was impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a hammer crusher that can be separated by each material so as to be recycled at the same time as pulverizing a to-be-ground object to which a resin or the like is attached or attached to a metal. do.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the hammer crusher according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the inlet for inserting the pulverized material, the pulverized grain for pulverizing the pulverized material introduced from the inlet, and the pulverized material pulverized in the pulverization chamber are defined. In a hammer crusher having a lattice discharged to a size or less, in the grinding chamber, a rotor equipped with a plurality of hammers is provided, a collision member having a predetermined distance from the hammer is made, and the surface of the collision member is ground. It is characterized by forming a plurality of stepped portions in which water collides.

Moreover, the hammer crusher in 2nd invention made the clearance adjustment mechanism which adjusts a lattice clearance in the said 1st invention, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

[Action]

According to the configuration of the first invention, the pulverized material introduced into the pulverization chamber from the inlet is hit by a hammer attached to the rotor, and the impacted pulverized object is pulverized by colliding with the collision member made in the pulverized chamber. Since this collision member forms several steps on the surface, the to-be-processed object repeats several collisions between a hammer and a collision member.

Moreover, since this collision member is provided so that it may have a fixed space | interval with a hammer, a torsional force acts on the to-be-pulverized object which collides with the edge part at this space, and acts as a force to isolate | separate a metal, resin, etc., and a composite material. The to-be-milled material is separated from each other.

Thus, the pulverized matter which is smaller than the predetermined size of the lattice is discharged through the lattice.

Thereby, according to the configuration of the second invention, the discharge size of the pulverized object in the first invention is adjusted by adjusting the gap of the lattice by the gap adjusting mechanism.

EXAMPLE

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a hammer crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention, taken along line A-A in FIG. 2, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the rotor and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view seen from the arrow (b) of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the inlet 2 is made in the upper part, and the outlet 3 is made in the lower part in the casing 1 which forms the outer edge of the hammer crusher C, and between these. The grinding chamber 4 is made. The rotor 5 is provided in this grinding chamber 4, and this rotor 5 is supported by the drive shaft 7 supported by the bearing 6 in the casing 1. And this drive shaft 7 is comprised so that the fury 8 provided in the edge part may be driven by the prime mover which is not shown in figure.

The rotor 5 is formed by fixing a plurality of disks 5a and spaces 5b to the drive shaft 7 as shown in FIG. 2, and at the predetermined position of the disk 5a. The support shaft 10 which supports the hammer 9 which grinds water is made. This support shaft 10 is provided so as to penetrate through the some disk 5a, and is attached by fixing the fixing member 10a to the side surface of the disk 5a of both ends.

A plurality of hammers 9 are mounted on the support shaft 10. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, three pieces are provided in the width direction, and they are positioned at 180 ° off the same circumference. Two are provided, and three ring-shaped hammers 9 are attached to the positions 90 degrees apart between these hammers 9, respectively. Therefore, twelve hammers 9 are attached to the entire rotor 5. Moreover, in order to protect the disk 5a and the support shaft 10, the cover 11 is provided in the width direction between the hammers 9, The base part is inserted and hold | maintained through the said support shaft 10, and is hold | maintained. .

On the other hand, an impingement member 12 is provided on the inner surface of the casing 1 located downward of the hammer 9, and as shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a plurality of cross-sectional c-shaped members 12a are provided. ), The collision member 12 is formed by providing in parallel without a clearance. The U-shaped member 12a is mounted with the height of both sides being different and the high side facing the inlet 2 side, whereby a collision in which a convex end portion 12b is formed is formed on the surface of the U-shaped member 12a. The member 12 is comprised.

This collision member 12 is made so that the space | interval with the hammer 9 may become narrow gradually from the inlet port 2 side of the casing 1 to the lower part of a casing, and is substantially the same space | interval from the lowest part to the rotor 5 direction. It is made to stay.

Moreover, the casing 1 behind the rotor 5 is formed so that it may protrude upwards, The liner 13 which the to-be-pulverized object D hit by the hammer 9 collides with is made in this upper end part. .

The grating 14 is provided in the upper direction of the discharge port 3 made below the keying 1. As shown in Fig. 4, the lattice 14 is provided with a plurality of rods 14a, and the size of the pulverized substance D discharged by the gap E of the rod 14a is determined. Deciding.

Therefore, in the lower part of the grating 14, the turning arm 15 is made in order to remove the to-be-milled object D blocked by the clearance gap E of the grating 14, and this turning arm 15 is rotated longitudinally. The arm end rotates vertically so that the arm end protrudes through the gap E of the grating 14.

According to the hammer crusher (C) according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which is constituted as described above, the pulverized material (D) made of a composite material in which a metal and a resin are entangled is pulverized as follows, and the metal and It is made to separate with resin or the like.

First, the rotor 5 is rotated by rotating the drive shaft 7, and the hammer 9 attached to the rotor 5 is rotated at a predetermined peripheral speed. After the hammer 9 is rotated in this manner, when the to-be-milled object D is thrown from the inlet 2, the hammer 9 strikes the to-be-milled object D to collide with the collision member 12.

Since the collision member 12 is mounted so that the inlet 2 side may be higher, the to-be-ground object 12b is formed in a plurality of block shaped stepped portions 12b formed on the surface of the collision member 12. D) collides and moves to the lower part of the casing (1). Therefore, the to-be-processed object D conveyed downward with the rotation of the hammer 9 repeats the collision several times between the hammer 9 and the collision member 12, and also the lower part of the casing 1 In the back of the casing, the plurality of rotational collisions are repeated while being crushed and twisted as if they are crushed between the hammer 9 and the collision member 12.

The constitution which is twisted and crushed as if it is distorted between the hammer 9 and the collision member 12 is a characteristic part of this invention, and the to-be-processed object D is the hammer 9 and the collision member 12 By repeating the collision and the torsion between the plurality of convex step portions 12b formed on the surface of), the torsion effect (acting to twist between the hammer and the liner) is improved. By this, even in the case of a to-be-ground object D in which metal, resin, etc. are contacted or adhered, predetermined size is made small and these are separated.

Thus, since the space | interval S of the hammer 9 and the collision member 12 is formed so that it may become narrower over the lowermost part of the casing 1, the to-be-processed object D injected from the inlet 2 is a casing ( 1) It is easy to bite over the lowermost part, and it is comprised so that the crushing effect can be enhanced, and it isolate | separates and separates resin etc. from a metal in between. Moreover, since the substantially same space | interval S is hold | maintained from the lower part of the casing 1 to the back of the rotor 5, the effect | action which made to twist and collide with the to-be-pulverized object D between these acts, and a hammer By grind | pulverizing the to-be-processed object D between the 9 and the collision member 12 so that it may twist, it isolate | separates a metal, resin, etc. by the action similar to rubbing.

By the way, the to-be-milled object D grind | pulverized by the hammer crusher C is not limited to the thing which deform | transforms easily by the hit of the hammer 9, and puts a big load on the hammer 9 at the time of a hit. I may make it.

However, as shown in FIG. 1, the hammer 9 is mounted so as to rotate freely with respect to the support shaft 10 and to a predetermined range, and the hammer 9 is driven by centrifugal force during rotor rotation. It rotates in the state which protruded from the rotor 5, and is comprised so that the to-be-damaged material D may be hit.

Therefore, when more than necessary load is generated in the case where the to-be-processed object D injected between the hammer 9 and the collision member 12 was not deformed easily, the hammer 9 will damage in arbitrary directions. The load is prevented from being transmitted to the support shaft 10.

In the above embodiment, the two hammers 9 made around the rotor 5 are made by adjoining the adjacent hammers 9 and 90 ° phases, but two hammers 9 are made on the same circumference. Since the rotation of the rotor 5 is fast, when the distance between the hammers 9 is short, the chance of returning quickly and contacting the object D and the like often occurs, and this causes the bite of the object D to be worse. This is to prevent the crushed object D from being returned to the inlet 2 side, and to prevent the crushed object D from being thrown back. In addition to this, it is intended to improve the crushing effect.

The pulverized object D, which is pulverized as described above and separated therefrom, is struck by the hammer 9 above the casing 1 rear part and collided with the liner 13 formed on the inner surface of the casing 1. To fall on the grid 14. Therefore, the to-be-aggregated object D smaller than the space | interval E of the space | lattice 14 falls to the discharge port 3, but the to-be-ground object D larger than the gap E is again grind | pulverized chamber 4 Fall on. Moreover, although the to-be-processed object D of substantially the same width | variety as the clearance gap E of the grid | lattice 14 is contained in the grid | lattice 14, the turning arm which rotates vertically between the clearance gap E of the grid | lattice 14 It is comprised so that it may fall to the grinding chamber 4 again by (15). Then, in the grinding chamber 4 again, the hammer 9 and the collision member 12 are crushed and smaller than the gap E of the lattice 14 and discharged to the discharge port 3.

In addition, although the cover 11 shown to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is a consumable part, it replaces when it is appropriate, but since the hammer 9 and the cover 11 are supported by the support shaft 10 together, By removing the support shaft 10, it is easy to replace.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, although the liner 13 is made in the casing 1 in order to prevent abrasion, the liner provided in the upper part where the to-be-milled object D has many opportunities to contact is a rod liner 13a. Are installed in parallel. By removing this rod liner 13a from the casing 1 side surface, liner exchange is easy.

In addition, in the said embodiment, since the ring hammer formed around the some protrusion part of the hammer 9 is used, the other protrusion part grind | pulverizes the to-be-processed object D even if one part of the hammer 9 wears. The replacement frequency of the hammer 9 is at least good.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the collision member 12 is comprised by providing a plurality of U-shaped members 12a in parallel, in particular, it is not limited but plurality between the hammer 9 and the casing 1 is not limited. What is necessary is just to form the convex-shaped step part 12b.

By the way, the to-be-milled material D grind | pulverized with the hammer crusher C concerning this invention is entangled differently according to a product before the disposal. For example, since a heat insulating material enters in a refrigerator etc., metal and resin etc. are strongly adhered, and a washing machine etc. is comprised so that metal and resin etc. may be isolate | separated easily, and it is comprised so that it may be easily removed.

Therefore, it is determined whether the metal and the resin or the like are easily separated according to the wound method of the to-be-processed object D, and by adjusting the gap E of the lattice 14, By dividing the size, the hammer 9 causes the hammer or the torsion action between the hammer 9 and the collision member 12 to be repeated until the predetermined size is obtained.

That is, when the to-be-milled material D which has not passed through the clearance gap E of the grating 14 is judged that the metal and resin etc. are not separated yet, when the metal and resin etc. are firmly wound, the grating ( By narrowing the gap (E) of 14), the torsion action between the hammer 9 in the pulverization chamber 4 or the collision with the collision member 12 is repeated, and the metal and the resin are entangled. If it is weak, widen the gap E of the grating 14 so as to reduce the impact caused by the hammer 9 or the torsional action with the protruding member 12, so as to have an optimum efficiency in separating other members. The gap E of the grating 14 is adjusted.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention configured to be able to adjust the gap of the grating will be described below based on the perspective view of the grating shown in FIG. The second embodiment is another embodiment in which the configuration of the grating is changed in the above-described first embodiment, and the configuration other than the grating 14 and the swing arm 15 is the same as in the first embodiment. Since the description is omitted, only the structure of the lattice will be described. In the second embodiment, since the square gap E (open hole) may be formed in the plan view, the gap E is referred to in the following description.

In the second embodiment, the gap adjustment mechanism F for adjusting the gap of the lattice is made to adjust the gap E of the lattice so that the size of the pulverized material discharged to the outside of the machine can be easily adjusted. As shown in the figure, a plurality of small plate-shaped grating plates 17 are fixed to a shaft 16 on which rotation is freely formed to form a grating member 18, and the plate 17 of the grating member 18 is formed. Drive means (motor, gear, not shown) for forming a grating 19 formed by arranging the plurality of grating members 18 in parallel so as to form the houndstooth, and rotating the respective axes 16 of the grating 19. , A belt, a chain, etc.) to constitute the gap adjusting mechanism F for adjusting the gap E by independently or selectively rotating the grid member 18.

According to the second embodiment configured as described above, the gap minimum state shown in Figs. 6A and 6B to the intermediate state shown in Figs. 7A and 7B, and the maximum state shown in Figs. 8A and 8B are shown. Arbitrary clearance gap E is adjusted between and.

That is, as shown in Figs. 6A and 6B, the horizontal direction in the plan view of the longitudinal direction of all the plates 17 is perpendicular to the installation direction of the grating member 18 by the driving means (not shown). When the shaft 16 is rotated as much as possible, a substantially rectangular gap E having a horizontal length is formed between the plates 17 and the shaft 16. The gap E at this time becomes the minimum gap in the second embodiment.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, the predetermined axis | shaft 16 is made so that the horizontal direction and the vertical direction may be alternated in plan view of the board 17 of the gap member 18 made in the houndstooth shape. Turning to, a substantially square gap E having a horizontal length is formed between each plate 17 and the shaft 16. This gap E is about twice the size of the gap E in FIG. 6 and becomes an intermediate gap in the second embodiment.

Thus, as shown in Figs. 8A and 8B, when the shafts 16 are rotated so as to be in the vertical direction when all the plates 17 are viewed in a plane, they are continuous in the horizontal direction between the respective axes 16. Figs. An almost grooved gap is formed. This gap E is the largest gap E in the second embodiment, and has the same shape as the gap E in the first embodiment described above.

Thus, in the second embodiment, the grating 19 adjusts the gap E to a desired size (open hole) by selectively and properly rotating the grating member 18 formed by arranging a plurality of rows in parallel. It is possible to adjust the size of the discharged object to be discharged.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to easily adjust the gap E of the grating 19. This makes it easy to adjust the size of the substance to be discharged. In addition, in this case, even if the to-be-processed object D is clogged between the grating members 18, it will be easy to remove by rotating the grating member 18. FIG.

Also, as in the third embodiment shown in the perspective view of FIG. 9, two plates 17 are positioned between the grating member 18 and the plate 17 of the grating member 18 in the second embodiment. To form a lattice 21 made of alternating lattice members 20 adhered to each other so that the lattice member 20 or the lattice plate 17 of the lattice member 20 can be selectively viewed in a plan view. As a result, the gap E can be further adjusted.

Further, as in the fourth embodiment shown in the perspective view of FIG. 10, the lattice 23 is formed by forming a plurality of rows of the flat lattice members 22 free of rotational movement in parallel to form the lattice 23, and each lattice member 22 is not shown. The clearance adjusting mechanism F may be configured by rotating the constant angle independently or selectively by a non-driven means, and the gap E may be adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle of each grating member.

In addition, in the second to fourth embodiments, the gap adjusting mechanism F is constituted by rotating the grating members 18, 20 and 22, but these show an example of the gap adjusting mechanism F. will be. As shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 10, the gap adjusting mechanism may be configured so that the gap E can be adjusted by sliding the axis of the grating member 22 set at a predetermined angle along a guide not shown. Moreover, the clearance adjustment mechanism which combined these may be sufficient.

[Effects of the Invention]

Since this invention is comprised as demonstrated above, it has the same effects as described below. According to the first invention, the to-be-ground object to be fed from the inlet is pulverized as if it is twisted between the hammer and the collision member, so that even if the to-be-ground object such as metal and resin adheres to the adhesive humps in a predetermined size, It grind | pulverizes and isolate | separates a metal, resin, etc., and is.

Therefore, it becomes possible to recycle metals, resins, and the like, respectively, and have an effect of contributing to the effective use of important resources.

Further, according to the second invention, since the lattice gap is easily adjusted by making a gap adjusting mechanism for adjusting the gap of the lattice, it is easy to adjust the size of the pulverized matter discharged through the lattice and discharged from the discharge port. It becomes possible.

Claims (2)

In a hammer crusher having an inlet for inputting a composite material to be mixed with a composite material, a pulverizing chamber for pulverizing the pulverized material introduced from the inlet, and a lattice for discharging the pulverized material of a predetermined size or less pulverized in the pulverizing chamber, In the pulverization chamber, a rotor equipped with a plurality of hammers is provided, a collision member having a predetermined distance from the hammer is provided, and a plurality of stepped portions in which the pulverized object collides are formed on the surface of the collision member, and the collision The gap between the stepped portion of the member and the hammer is gradually formed narrowly in the direction from the inlet toward the lowermost part of the casing, and discharges the pulverized substance of a predetermined size or less to the discharge side of the pulverization, and the pulverized substance of the predetermined size or more is transferred to the grinding chamber. Hammer crusher characterized in that the falling grid is installed. 2. The grating member according to claim 1, further comprising a grating member having a gap adjusting mechanism for adjusting the gap of the grating and arranged in a plurality of rows of the gap adjusting mechanism, and a drive means for adjusting the gap by selectively rotating or sliding the grating member independently. Hammer crusher characterized in that the configuration.