KR960705284A - 암호 및 변경 검출기능을 갖는 기밀 데이타 프로세서(secure data processor with cryptography and tamper detection) - Google Patents

암호 및 변경 검출기능을 갖는 기밀 데이타 프로세서(secure data processor with cryptography and tamper detection)

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KR960705284A
KR960705284A KR1019960701013A KR19960701013A KR960705284A KR 960705284 A KR960705284 A KR 960705284A KR 1019960701013 A KR1019960701013 A KR 1019960701013A KR 19960701013 A KR19960701013 A KR 19960701013A KR 960705284 A KR960705284 A KR 960705284A
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고든 포스
티모시 디. 데이비스
리차드 엘. 둔칸
토마스 엠. 노르크로스
마이클 제이. 샤이
티모시 에이. 쇼트
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존 엠. 클락 3세
내쇼날 세미컨덕터 코포레이션
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/81—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer by operating on the power supply, e.g. enabling or disabling power-on, sleep or resume operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/10—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
    • G06F21/109—Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM] by using specially-adapted hardware at the client
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/50—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
    • G06F21/57—Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities
    • G06F21/572—Secure firmware programming, e.g. of basic input output system [BIOS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
    • G06F21/72—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information in cryptographic circuits
    • G06F21/725—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information in cryptographic circuits operating on a secure reference time value
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
    • G06F21/77—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information in smart cards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/86—Secure or tamper-resistant housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/002—Countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0894—Escrow, recovery or storing of secret information, e.g. secret key escrow or cryptographic key storage
    • H04L9/0897—Escrow, recovery or storing of secret information, e.g. secret key escrow or cryptographic key storage involving additional devices, e.g. trusted platform module [TPM], smartcard or USB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/12—Transmitting and receiving encryption devices synchronised or initially set up in a particular manner
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2101—Auditing as a secondary aspect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2135—Metering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2153—Using hardware token as a secondary aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Technology Law (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 특별히 기밀 데이터 프로세싱을 위하여 디자인된 마이크로 프로세서인 기밀프로세싱장치(SPU)를 구현한 것이다. SPU내에 키이들. 암호/해독 알고리즘을 집적시켜, 전 기밀 프로세스는 포터블하고 물리적 경계를 통해 쉽게 배치되어진다. 본 발명은 3개의 상관 시스템의 조합에 근거한다; (ⅰ)SPU를 존재에 대해 경계시키고 기밀 공격의 특성을 특징화시켜주는 검출기; (ⅱ) 다양한 검출기로부터 데이터를 상관시켜, 비밀 데이터 및 그 디자인에 대한 SPU의 보전에 해하여 극심한 공격을 가중시키는 필터; (ⅲ) 공격 또는 존재하는 공격을 처리하기 위하여, 환경하에서 가장 적절하게 필터에 의해 계산되는 대응책인 응답, 검출기, 필터 및 응답 모두에서 광범위한 능력을 갖는 본 발명은 기밀/정책의 적절한 레벨로 블록도 매우 높은 유연성을 SPU에 근거한 장치에 허용한다.

Description

암호 및 변경 검출기능을 갖는 기밀 데이터 프로세서(SECURE DATA PROCESSOR WITH CRYPTOGRAPHY AND TAMPER DETEDTION)
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 PDPS를 수행하기 위한 기밀처리장치(SPU)를 보여주는, 본 발명에따른 장치의 간략한 블록도,
제2도는 제1도에 도시된 파워블럭의 간략한 블록도,
제3도는 실리콘 방화벽의 개략적 표시도.

Claims (14)

  1. 시스템에 의해 입력되고 발생된 메세지와 메세지의 암호 및 해독에 사용된 키이를 구비하는 민감한 정보를 처리하고 저장하며, 전위공격에 대해 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 시스템에 있어서, (a) 제1키이를 사용하여 메시지에 대한 암호동작을 수행하기 위한 암호엔진과, (b) 공격의 사건특성을 검출하기 위한 하나 이상의 검출기와, (c) 검출된 사건에 대한 복수의 전위응답과, (d) 검출된 사건을 하나이상의 동작요소와 상관시키고 상관에 근거한 하나이상의 응답을 선택하고 발생시키는 프로그래머블 필터를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 시스템.
  2. 칩에 의해 입력되고 발생된 메시지와 메시지의 암호 및 해독에 사용된 키이를 구비하는 민감한 정보를 처리하고 저장하며, 전위공격에 대해 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 암호칩에 있어서, (a) 제1키이를 사용하여 메시지에 대한 암호동작을 수행하기 위한 암호엔진과, (b) 공격의 사건특성을 검출하기 위한 하나 이상의 검출기와, (c) 검출된 사건에 대한 복수개의 전위응답을 포함하여서, 공격으로부터 기밀이 유지되는 칩상에서만 민감한 정보가 암호화되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 암호 칩.
  3. 제2항에 있어서, 제1키이에 대한 암호동작을 수행하기 위하여 암호엔진에 의해 사용된 제2키이를 발생하기 위한 키이 발생기를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 암호 칩.
  4. 메시지와 메시지를 암호 및 해독하는 데 사용된 키이를 구비하는 민감한 정보를 처리하고 저장하며, 전위 공격에 대해 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 방법에 있어서, (a) 제1키이를 사용하여 메시지의 암호동작을 수행하는 스텝과,, (b) 하나 또는 그 이상의 공격사건특성을 검출하는 스텝과, (c) 검출된 사건에 응답하는 스텝을 포함하여서, 공격으로부터 기밀이 유지되는 칩상에서만 민감한 정보가 암호화되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 칩상에 제2키이를 발생하는 스텝과, 제1키이에 대한 암호동작을 수행하기 위하여 제2키이를 사용하는 스텝을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  6. 민감한 정보를 처리하고 전위공격에 대하여 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 칩에 있어서, (a) 칩상에서 수행되는 기능을 동기화시키는 내부시스템클럭과, (b) 칩에 의해 입력된 모든 외부 비동기신호를 내부 시스템 클럭에 동기시키는 외부신호동기장치를 포함하여서, 칩이 비동기 외부신호의 입력에 의해 불명한 상태로 되지 않도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  7. 제6항에 있어서, 외부신호동기장치는 내부시스템클럭에 의해 결정된 선택된 시간에서만 신호를 허용하고 사용하여 비동기 외부신호를 동기화시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  8. 민감한 정보를 처리하고 전위공격에 대하여 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 칩에 있어서, (a) 칩의 컴포넌트 사이의 정보를 전송하기 위한 내부버스와, (b) 칩의 내부 컴포턴트와 외부소자 사이에 정보를 전송하기 위한 입/출력포트와, (c) 내부버스를 따라 정보의 전송전후 입/출력포트의 내용을 주기적으로 비교하기 위한 버스 모니터를 포함하여서, 칩이 입/출력포트에 대하여 내부버스를 따라 전송된 민감한 정보의 인가받지 않은 재루팅을 검출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  9. 제8항에 있어서, 버스모니터는 (a) 내부버스를 따라 전송될 것이 요구되는 모든 민감한 정보 이하의 제1전송과, (b) 제1전송에 이어 입/출력포트의 내용의 변화가 검출되지 않을 경우, 남아 있는 민감한 정보의 제2전송의 전과 후에 입출력포트의 내용을 비교하여서, 칩이 입/출력포트에 대하여 내부버스를 따라 전송된 민감한 정보의 신임받지 않은 재루팅을 효과적으로 방지하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  10. 민감한 정보를 처리하고 전위공격에 대하여 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 칩에 있어서, (a) 실제적으로 지속적인 외부클럭주파수를 갖는 외부클럭발진기에 의해 콘트롤되는 실시간 클럭과, (b) 소정의 정혹도 범위내의 사이클 주파수를 갖으며, 칩상에서 수행되는 기능을 동기시키는 내부시스템클럭과, (c) (ⅰ) 칩이 소정수의 내부클럭사이클과 내부 시스템클럭의 정확도 범위에 근거한 예상된 외부클럭사이클의 소정 범위를 요구하는 기준동작을 하도록 하고, (ⅱ) 경과된 실제 외부클럭 사이클의 수가 예상된 외부클럭 사이클의 범위내에 있는가를 기준동작수행동안 실제 외부클럭카이클보다 경과된 내부클럭사이클의 수로부터 결정하는 클럭보전점검을 포함하여서, 칩이 외부클럭주파수의 인가받지 않은 변화를 검출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  11. 민감한 정보를 처리하고 전위공격에 대하여 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 칩에 있어서, (a) 실제적으로 지속적인 외부클럭주파수를 갖는 외부클럭발진기에 의해 콘트롤되고, 경과된 외부클럭사이클의 수를 카운팅하기 위한 카운터를 구비하는 실시간 클럭과, (b) 실시간클럭 카운터가 롤오버되었는가를 검출하는 롤오버 검출기와, (c) 실시간클럭 카운터의 롤오버 검출시 세트되는 롤오버 비트를 포함하여서, 카운트를 롤오버시키기 위한 충분한 외부클럭 사이클의 구가 요구되지 않는 동작동안 롤오버비트가 세트될 경우, 칩이 외부믈럭주파수의 인가받지않은 변화를 검출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  12. 민감한 정보를 처리하고 전위공격에 대하여 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 칩에 있어서, (a) 민감한 정보를 저장하기 위한 재기입가능한 메모리와, (b) 시스템 파워와 밧데리 파워의 손실이 있음을 검출하는 파워손실 검출기와, (c) 민감한 정보의 재기입메모리로의 로딩에 의해 세트되고 파워손실의 검출에 따라 리세트되며, 민감한 정보의 재기입메모리로의 로딩에 이어 시스템 파워와 밧데리파워가 충분한가를 나타내기 위한 VRT 비트를 포함하여서, 칩이 시스템과 밧데리 파워의 실제적인 손실이전에 민감한 정보의 저장에 대한 요구를 검출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  13. 제12항에 있어서, 재기입메모리의 수정을 검출하기 위한 재기입메모리 수정 검출기를 더 포함하여서, 칩이 민감한 정보의 재기입메모리로의 재로드에 대한 요구를 검출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
  14. 민감한 정보를 처리하고 전위공격에 대하여 정보를 기밀로 유지하는 기밀 칩에 있어서, (a) 실제적으로 일정 값을 갖는 민감한 정보를 저장하기 위한 재기입가능한 메모리와, (b) 재기입가능한 메모리의 각 셀의 내용을 주기적으로 반전시켜 주기위한 메모리 인버터와, (c) 재기입가능한 메모리의 각 셀의 내용이 실제상태 또는 반전된 상태인가를 나타내는 메모리 스테이트 비트를 포함하여서, 재기입메모리의 내용이 민감한 정보의 일정 값의 잔존표시를 효과적으로 포함하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 기밀 칩.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019960701013A 1994-06-28 1995-05-05 암호및변경검출기능을갖는기밀데이타프로세서 KR100341665B1 (ko)

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US08/267788 1994-06-28
US08/267,788 US5533123A (en) 1994-06-28 1994-06-28 Programmable distributed personal security
US08/267,788 1994-06-28
PCT/US1995/005582 WO1996000953A2 (en) 1994-06-28 1995-05-05 Secure data processor with cryptography and tamper detection

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DE69519662T2 (de) 2001-05-23
EP0965902A3 (en) 2005-12-21
EP0715733B1 (en) 2000-12-20
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US5533123A (en) 1996-07-02
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