KR960004340B1 - Brazing method by electro-beam - Google Patents
Brazing method by electro-beam Download PDFInfo
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- KR960004340B1 KR960004340B1 KR1019930031112A KR930031112A KR960004340B1 KR 960004340 B1 KR960004340 B1 KR 960004340B1 KR 1019930031112 A KR1019930031112 A KR 1019930031112A KR 930031112 A KR930031112 A KR 930031112A KR 960004340 B1 KR960004340 B1 KR 960004340B1
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- electron beam
- brazing
- rotation
- metal
- temperature
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- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037231 joint health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
Description
제1도 : 전자빔 브레이징 시편의 모식도.Figure 1: Schematic diagram of an electron beam brazing specimen.
제2도 : 본 발명에서 사용한 전자빔 용접기를 이용하여 전진(+) 회전 5°, 후진(-) 회전 3° 시켰을때의 전자빔 주사위치에서 시간에 따른 온도변화 곡선.2 is a temperature change curve with time in the electron beam dice when the forward (+) rotation 5 °, the reverse (-) rotation 3 ° using the electron beam welding machine used in the present invention.
제3도 : 본 발명에서 사용한 전자빔 용접기를 이용하여 전진(+) 회전 17°, 후진(-) 회전 11°시켰을때의 전자빔 주사위치에서 시간에 따른 온도변화 곡선.FIG. 3: Temperature change curve of the electron beam dice with time when the forward (+) rotation is 17 ° and the backward (-) rotation is 11 ° using the electron beam welding machine used in the present invention.
제4도 : 본 발명에서 사용한 전자빔 용접기를 이용하여 전진(+) 회전 9°~11°, 후진(-) 회전 7°~9°범위로 회전시켰을때의 전자빔 주사범위에서 시간에 따른 온도변화 곡선.4: Temperature change curve with time in the electron beam scanning range when rotating in the forward (+) rotation 9 ° ~ 11 ° and backward (-) rotation 7 ° ~ 9 ° using the electron beam welding machine used in the present invention .
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
1 : 금속재 튜브 2 : 세라믹 원판1: metal tube 2: ceramic disc
2 : 세라믹 두께 3 : 브레이징 용가재2: ceramic thickness 3: brazing filler metal
4 : 전자빔 스포트 4' : 전자빔폭4: electron beam spot 4 ': electron beam width
본 발명은 금속과 금속 또는 금속과 세라믹 재료를 브레이징(brazing)하는 방법에 관한 것으로써, 보다 상세하게는 전자빔을 이용하여 브레이징하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for brazing a metal and a metal or a metal and a ceramic material, and more particularly, to a method for brazing using an electron beam.
종래, 브레이징에 의해 재료를 접합하는 방법은 주로 진공로에서 접합하고자 하는 소자를 용융시키지 않고 중간에 삽입하는 용가재만을 용융시켜 두 소재를 접합하는 방법(이하, ＂브레이징＂이라 칭함)으로서 브레이징에 소요되는 일정한 온도까지 접합재료를 가열하여 접합을 하거나 또는 전자빔을 열원으로 이용할 때 접합재료를 일정속도로 회전시키면서 접합할 부위에 삽입된 브레이징 용가재 주변에 전자빔을 조사함으로써 접합재료가 계속 회전하면서 전자빔에 의해 온도가 상승되도록 하여 브레이징 온도에 도달되도록 하였다.Conventionally, the method of joining materials by brazing is a method of joining two materials by melting only the filler material inserted in the middle without melting the elements to be joined in a vacuum furnace (hereinafter referred to as “brazing”), which is required for brazing. When the bonding material is heated to a constant temperature to be bonded, or when the electron beam is used as a heat source, the bonding material is continuously rotated by irradiating the electron beam around the brazing filler material inserted at the portion to be bonded while rotating the bonding material at a constant speed. The temperature was allowed to rise to reach the brazing temperature.
제1도는 전자빔 브레이징 시편의 모식도를 나타내고 있는데, 종래의 방법에 의해 제1도와 같은 형상의 소재를 접합하고자 할때 금속재 튜브(1)안에 세라믹 원판(2)과 금속(1) 사이에는 두 재료의 열팽창계수의 차이가 크기 때문에 상온에서는 튜브(1)와 세라믹 원판(2)이 브레이징 용가재(3)를 삽입한 상태로 완전히 밀착되어 있다 하더라도 브레이징 온도에 도달하면 두 시편사이의 간격이 커지게 되어 접합이 불가능하다. 제1도에서 부호 ＂4＂는 전자빔 스포트(Electron beam spot)를 나타낸다. 즉, 금속재 튜브(1)는 열팽창에 의해 직경이 크게 증가하는 반면, 안쪽의 세라믹 원판(2)은 상대적으로 열팽창이 작아 직경의 증가가 작기 때문에 세라믹과 금속재 사이에 간격이 크게 됨으로써, 금속과 세라믹 사이에 놓여 있던 브레이징 용가재(3)는 용융된 상태에서 두 재료 사이에서 머물러 있지 못하고 바깥쪽으로 흘러나오게 되는 결점이 있다.FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electron beam brazing specimen. When a material of the same shape as that of FIG. 1 is to be joined by a conventional method, the two materials between the ceramic disc 2 and the metal 1 in the metal tube 1 Due to the large difference in coefficient of thermal expansion, even when the tube (1) and the ceramic disc (2) are in close contact with the brazing filler metal (3) inserted at room temperature, the gap between the two specimens increases when the brazing temperature is reached. This is impossible. In FIG. 1, the symbol '4' denotes an electron beam spot. That is, the metal tube 1 has a large diameter due to thermal expansion, while the inner ceramic disc 2 has a relatively small thermal expansion and a small increase in diameter, so that the gap between the ceramic and the metallic material is large, whereby the metal and ceramic The brazing filler metal 3 lying in between does not stay between the two materials in the molten state and flows outward.
본 발명자들은 종래방법의 결점을 해결하기 위하여 연구와 실험을 행하고, 그 결과에 근거하여 본 발명을 제안하게 된 것으로써, 본 발명은 전자빔을 조사하는 방법으로 종래의 방법과 같이 시편을 일정속도로 계속 회전시키고 않고 시편의 국부적인 위치를 브레이징 온도에서 적정 시간동안 유지될 수 있도록, 일정각도의 전진(+) 회전 및 전진(+) 회전보다 약간 적은량의 후진(-) 회전을 반복하면서 약간씩 전진시키므로써 시편을 전체적으로 가열하지 않고 일부분씩만 브레이징 온도에 도달시켜 연속적인 회전을 통하여 전체를 응력 집중이나 열변형없이 건전한 접합부를 연속적으로 얻을 수 있는 브레이징 방법을 제공하고자 하는데, 그 목적이 있다.The present inventors have conducted research and experiments to solve the drawbacks of the conventional method, and based on the results, the present invention proposes a method of irradiating an electron beam. Slightly advanced by repeating a small amount of reverse (-) rotation and a small amount of reverse (-) rotation over a certain angle so that the local position of the specimen can be maintained for a suitable time at the brazing temperature without continuing to rotate. The purpose of this invention is to provide a brazing method that can achieve a healthy joint continuously without stress concentration or thermal deformation through the continuous rotation by reaching the brazing temperature only a portion without heating the specimen as a whole.
이하, 본 발명에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.
본 발명은 전자빔을 조사하고 원형 시편을 회전시켜 브레이징하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 원형시편을 9°~11°범위의 전진(+) 회전과 7°~9°범위의 후진(-) 회전을 반복하여 브레이징하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention is a method of irradiating an electron beam and rotating a circular specimen to braze the circular specimen by repeating a forward (+) rotation in a range of 9 ° to 11 ° and a reverse (-) rotation in a range of 7 ° to 9 °. A method of brazing.
이하, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
제1도에 나타난 바와같이, 금속제(Cu) 튜브(1)의 안쪽에 세라믹 원판(2)을 약 50-100㎛ 두께의 브레이징 용가재(3)와 함께 꼭맞게 끼워 넣고 브레이징 용가재(3)의 외부를 감싸고 있는 금속재 튜브(1) 표면을 전자빔으로 조사하면서 시편을 전진(+) 회전과 후진(-) 회전을 반복하여 접합하였다. 여기에서, 금속튜브(1)와 세라믹(2)의 균일한 가열을 위하여 전자빔폭(4')을 세라믹의 두께(2')와 같도록 조건을 설정하여 전자빔을 조사하였으며, 용가재로는 72.5% Ag-19.5% Cu-5% In-3% Ti로 조성되고 융점이 820-880℃범위인 것을 사용하였다.As shown in FIG. 1, the ceramic disc 2 is fitted inside the metal (Cu) tube 1 together with the brazing filler metal 3 having a thickness of about 50-100 μm and the outside of the brazing filler metal 3 While irradiating the surface of the metal tube (1) surrounding the electron beam with an electron beam, the specimen was bonded by repeating forward (+) rotation and reverse (-) rotation. Here, the electron beam was irradiated by setting the condition of the electron beam width 4 'to be equal to the thickness of the ceramic 2' for uniform heating of the metal tube 1 and the ceramic 2, and as a filler material, 72.5%. Ag-19.5% Cu-5% In-3% Ti and a melting point in the range of 820-880 ° C were used.
제2도는 금속재 튜브의 안쪽에 세라믹 원판을 약 50-100㎛ 두께의 상기한 조성을 브레이징 용가재와 함께 꼭맞게 끼워넣고, 브레이징 용가재가 있는 바로 위의 튜브에 전자빔을 조사하면서 결합되어 있는 튜브를 5°전진(+) 회전, 3°후진(-) 회전을 반복했을 때 얻어진 한 점에서의 열싸이클, 즉 시간에 따른 온도 변화를 나타낸 것이다. 제2도에 나타난 바와같이, 용가재의 적정 브레이징 온도인 820-880℃ 범위로 충분히 가열되지 못하여 최고가열 온도가 적정 브레이징 온도인 823℃에 겨우 도달하기 때문에 변위량(온도변화에 따른 세라믹과 금속모재간의 간격변화, 823℃ : 0.909mm, 885℃ : 0.977mm)에 관계없이 브레이징이 불가능하다. 즉, 이러한 전자빔 주사조건으로는 브레이징을 할 수 없다. 그리하여 전자빔 주사부위의 온도를 높이기 위하여 회전각도를 17°전진(+) 회전, 11°후진(-) 회전시켜 열싸이클을 얻고, 그 결과를 제3도에 나타내었다.FIG. 2 shows a ceramic disc fitted inside the metal tube with a brazing filler metal of about 50-100 μm in thickness and fits the combined tube while irradiating an electron beam to the tube immediately above the brazing filler metal. It shows the thermal cycle at one point, that is, the temperature change over time, when the forward (+) rotation and the 3 ° reverse (-) rotation are repeated. As shown in FIG. 2, since the maximum heating temperature only reaches 823 ° C, which is the brazing temperature of the filler metal, it is not sufficiently heated to the proper brazing temperature of the filler metal. No change in spacing, 823 ℃: 0.909mm, 885 ℃: 0.977mm) That is, brazing cannot be performed under such electron beam scanning conditions. Thus, in order to increase the temperature of the electron beam scanning region, the rotation angle was 17 ° forward (+) rotation and 11 ° backward (-) rotation to obtain a thermal cycle, and the results are shown in FIG.
제3도에 나타난 바와같이, 너무 많은 면적이 가열되어 최고가열온도가 1.076℃로 과열이 일어나 세라믹과 금속모재간의 변위량도 2.475mm로 아주 커 금속과 세라믹 사이에서 브레이징 용가재가 용융되면서 흘러내려 브레이징이 불가능함을 알 수 있다. 상기한 제2도와 제3도의 결과를 토대로 여러가지 조건에 시험한 결과 전진(+) 회전 9°~11°와 후진(-) 회전 7°~9°사이에서 제4도와 같은 열싸이클을 얻을 수 있었다.As shown in FIG. 3, too much area is heated and the maximum heating temperature is overheated to 1.076 ° C, and the displacement amount between ceramic and metal base material is 2.475mm, which is very large. It can be seen that it is impossible. Based on the results of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, various conditions were tested. As a result, a thermal cycle as shown in FIG. 4 was obtained between 9 ° to 11 ° of forward rotation and 7 ° to 9 ° of reverse rotation. .
즉, 적정 브레이징 조건인 820℃-880℃ 범위에서 5-8분 동안 유지할 수 있었기 때문에 브레이징 용가재가 용융되어도 표면장력에 의해 흘러내리지 않게 되어 건전한 브레이징 접합부를 형성할 수 있었으며 다른 열싸이클 조건보다도 완만한 냉각곡선을 나타냄으로서 냉각시 문제점도 없었다. 즉 용가재가 충분히 용융될 수 있는 충분한 조건이 되며 전자빔이 약간씩 전진함으로서 응고가 시작되어 응력집중 없이 금속재 튜브와 세라믹 원판을 접합할 수 있게 된다.In other words, it could be maintained for 5-8 minutes in the proper brazing condition of 820 ℃ -880 ℃, so that the brazing filler metal could not flow down due to surface tension, forming a healthy brazing joint, which was gentler than other heat cycle conditions. There was no problem in cooling by showing the cooling curve. In other words, the filler metal is sufficiently melted and the electron beam advances slightly so that solidification can be started and the metal tube and the ceramic disc can be joined without stress concentration.
전자빔이 조사되는 튜브에서 어떤 한 점이 820℃ 이상의 온도에서 머물게 되는 시간은 약 5-8분 정도이지만, 튜브가 전진(+), 후진(-)을 반복하면서 전체적으로 1회전에 소요되는 시간, 즉 접합이 완료되는 시간은 약 20분 정도이므로 튜브의 약 1/6.6만이 820℃ 이상의 온도에 있는 상태이므로 종래기술에 비해 튜브의 열팽창의 정도는 매우작게 되어 용이한 접합을 할 수 있다.In the tube to which the electron beam is irradiated, a point stays at a temperature of 820 ° C. or more for about 5-8 minutes, but the tube takes one rotation as a whole while moving forward (+) and backward (-). Since the completion time is about 20 minutes, since only about 1 / 6.6 of the tube is at a temperature of 820 ° C. or more, the degree of thermal expansion of the tube is very small compared to the prior art, and thus easy bonding can be achieved.
본 발명은 전자빔 조사에 의한 브레이징시에 원형시편을 9°~11°범위의 전진(+) 회전과 7°~9°범위의 후진(-) 회전을 반복하면서 전진(+) 회전보다 적은 각도를 후진(-) 회전시킴으로서 전체적으로는 약간씩 전진하면서 국부 가열에 의해 응력집중이나 열변형이 없이 열팽창계수의 차이가 큰 소재를 결함없이 브레이징할 수 있게 된다.In the present invention, when brazing by electron beam irradiation, the circular specimen is repeatedly rotated forward (+) in the range of 9 ° to 11 ° and backward (-) rotation in the range of 7 ° to 9 °, and has less angle than the forward (+) rotation. By reversing (-) rotation, it is possible to braze materials with large difference in coefficient of thermal expansion without stress concentration or thermal deformation by local heating while advancing slightly overall.
상술한 바와같이, 본 발명은 접합재료의 전체적인 열팽창없이 일부분만 브레이징 온도로 유지함으로서 접합되는 두 재료사이의 간격을 증가시키지 않고 밀착시킨 상태에서 브레이징을 할 수 있기 때문에 브레이징 용가재의 흘러나옴 없이 접합을 가능케 하여 열팽창계수의 차이가 큰 이중 소재간의 브레이징에 아주 유용한 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention maintains the bonding without the flow of the brazing filler metal by allowing the brazing to be carried out in close contact without increasing the distance between the two materials to be joined by maintaining only a portion at the brazing temperature without the overall thermal expansion of the bonding material. This makes it possible to have a very useful effect on brazing between double materials with large differences in coefficient of thermal expansion.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019930031112A KR960004340B1 (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1993-12-30 | Brazing method by electro-beam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019930031112A KR960004340B1 (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1993-12-30 | Brazing method by electro-beam |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| KR950017054A KR950017054A (en) | 1995-07-20 |
| KR960004340B1 true KR960004340B1 (en) | 1996-04-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| KR1019930031112A KR960004340B1 (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1993-12-30 | Brazing method by electro-beam |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180046412A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-09 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Device for Brazing using Electron Beam and Method for Brazing using Electron Beam |
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1993
- 1993-12-30 KR KR1019930031112A patent/KR960004340B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180046412A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-09 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Device for Brazing using Electron Beam and Method for Brazing using Electron Beam |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR950017054A (en) | 1995-07-20 |
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