KR940004229B1 - Impact crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

[Name of invention]

Impact separator

[Brief Description of Drawings]

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the induction apparatus of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

5 to 8 show yet another embodiment of the present invention.

9 shows another embodiment of the triple-centrifugal rotor of the present invention.

10 shows another embodiment of a dual-centrifugal rotor of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of a four-centrifugal rotor of the present invention. FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: impact separator 2: electric motor

3: bolt 4: connection flange

5, 6: casing 7: impactor

8: inlet 9: centrifugal rotor

10: liner 11: shaft

12: screw 13: upper rotating plate

14: lower rotating plate 15: separation plate

16: guide bolt 17: double rotating body

18, 19: upper and lower centrifugal passages 20, 21: upper and lower impact surfaces

22: discharge pipe 23, 24: discharge path

30: guide device 31, 32: guide plate

33: plate 34, 35: upper and lower entrance passage

40: input part 41: discharge part

50: centrifugal rotor 51: triple centrifugal rotor

51, 52, 53: centrifugal passages 54, 55, 56, 61, 62: impact surface

60 double centrifugal rotor 70 double centrifugal rotor

Detailed description of the invention

[Technical Field]

The present invention relates to a separator for impact-separating grain particles, roughly ground grains, or ground milled grain materials, which has a concentric ring and a concentric inlet and annular discharge path on the outer circumference of the centrifugal rotor.

[Prior art]

A variety of impact devices are used in mills or mills.

The impact device is referred to as an impact separator or a sterilizer, depending on its use, and is called Entoleter in the English language.

From a process engineering point of view, in part, the same or very similar processes are problematic.

Depending on where it is used, the impact force or impact velocity applied to the material is controlled.

Regardless of the grain, roughly ground or smoothly ground, the material fed into the separator is quite rigid.

On the other hand, weevil (insects) eat the cavities grains are easily broken, insects and insect eggs are very weak to impact.

These facts are used in impact devices.

The impact device, called a sterilizer, thereby destroys the hollow grain particles and eradicates insects and their eggs.

Another basic purpose of the separator is also to separate the endosperm from the grain grains.

In the case of using the impact separator between the roller mill and the planar sieve, all the small lumps of powder generated during the roller mill are pulverized, and the flakes of oil (seal) that adhered to each other are also pulverized.

As shown in many different embodiments, the geometric ratios or states of the centrifugal rotors, each specially designed to have an optimum rotational speed of the outer periphery, have a very good effect on the working results.

Particularly in recent years, there is an increasing demand for maintaining the quality of the material or preventing the corruption in the basic food without using a thermopharmaceutical method having many disadvantages or a beam projection method whose effect is unclear.

This is a suitable mechanical action that allows total mechanical separation.

Therefore, one of the main objects of the present invention is to improve the mechanical solution in this sense.

The main drawback to the known solutions is that the quality of the product produced here is degraded when the raw material input to the impact machine is increased. In other words, it is related to the fact that it is difficult to identify immediately when eradicating microorganisms incorporated into a product that degrades the quality of the product.

At the same time, it is not easy to check whether the separation by oil and the impact of the body was performed best.

This led to widespread consensus among experts that impact devices would not work.

In addition, this could be proved in the actual survey of individual cases.

However, most of the fact that individual impactors were then harmed by the allowable passing capacity was recognized.

[Presentation of invention]

The object of the present invention is to improve the impact machine to make it possible to dispense the glass of endosperm (seed) from separate insects or grains, which can reduce the value of the product while increasing the amount of material input and maintaining the processing quality almost 100%. It is.

The new invention is characterized in that the centrifugal rotor has at least two centrifugal passages which are split by the shaft.

It has been recognized by the present invention that no attention has been paid to the flow of the product and the state of the impact.

Too much concentration of the material flow creates a cushion by the material on the impact surface at the same time as the flow of the material, which cushions the impact force, resulting in the destruction force necessary for crushing the grains of the perforated grain or insect eggs, You will not.

In the latter case, the flow of material causes too much material to flow in some areas and too little material in other areas, impeding propulsion.

Impact separators that process mixtures are difficult machines. This includes laws of air flow, such as ventilaters, and physical laws of product centrifugal force.

Thus, to this day, centrifugal flows are directly compared with water and air flow models. This is because in the centrifugal rotating device, the decomposition effect is sufficiently strong as the material suddenly turns and accelerates. By using one or more centrifugal passages in one machine, the induction of the product can be controlled.

Experimental results have shown that in this way, the through capacity of the material can be doubled with the same impact effect as the small expense for the installation. Surprisingly, the new invention has quite a lot of advantageous configurations.

One of the most advantageous one is the induction apparatus is placed in the inlet of the centrifugal rotor, which is firmly coupled to the centrifugal rotor and rotates with the centrifugal rotor.

The induction device has a plurality of inlet passages, which extend into a round target shaped centrifugal passage.

When the centrifugal passage is split by the shaft, inlet passages of various types are necessarily formed.

In addition, according to the results of several experiments, two inlet passages divided by shafts require several inlet passages, and a centrifugal passage far from the inlet must be assigned twice as many inlet passages as the centrifugal passage located near the inlet. Is that.

Therefore, the proportion of the corresponding area must be observed for the inflow of material in each case. Thus, the material is correctly separated in the two centrifugal passages. In other words, conditions are created to distribute the material in equal amounts from both centrifugal passages.

Further, if the inlet passages leading to the centrifugal passage away from the inlet have some internal structure that reduces the cross section around the outside, there is a further advantage.

At this time, the structure becomes narrower toward the axis of rotation and consists of a part of the ring.

Each identical inlet port lies symmetrically.

More advantageously, a ring-shaped impact surface is formed one by one in each centrifugal passage.

Optimal work for impact is created when the centrifugal rotor consists of a double rotor and the impact bodies have two impact surfaces lying facing each other.

In addition, one common material discharge pipe leading to the tangential material discharge path is connected to the dual rotor or two impact surfaces.

In the configuration of the present invention, the impact surfaces are configured as a truncated cone in a direction opposite to each other with respect to the dual rotor.

The induction device has a flat induction part not only for self-cleaning but also for the impact effect.

Furthermore, if the present invention continues to be further developed, a centrifugal rotor having three or four centrifugal passages separated by shafts can be realized.

In this case, the farther the centrifugal passage is viewed from the input, the more inlet passages lead to the centrifugal passage.

And separate impact bodies are disposed in each centrifugal passage.

Connecting the electric drive allows structural effort to be applied to the framework of the direct impact separator.

At this time, the number of revolutions of the centrifugal rotor is the same as the electric motor. For example about 3000R PM.

The material discharge passage may consist of two halves of the same type that can be separated in a vertical plane with respect to the axis of rotation of the centrifugal passage.

More advantageously, if the impact separator is configured in the form of a ventilator, material input and discharge can be made not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction in the apparatus.

This is very convenient for the construction of the processing plant and also makes it easier to access the design for a particular plant.

[Example]

First, look at FIG.

The upper part of FIG. 1 presents the impact separator 1 as a longitudinal section.

The connecting flange 4 of the electric motor 2 (lower half of the drawing) of about 3000 RPM and the casing 5 of the impact separator 1 fixed to the lower part are tightened with screws 3.

The connecting flange 4 is configured to put the closing device outward to fill the gap of the impact separator 1.

The upper casing 6 and the lower casing 5 are connected so that the impact body 7 is clamped between them.

One inlet 8 is connected to the upper casing part concentrically with the two parts 5, 6 of the casing. The material handled through the inlet is introduced into the impact separator 1.

In the casing portions 5, 6 a centrifugal rotor 9 is arranged which is connected to the shaft 11 of the electric motor 2 via the transfer liner 10 and the screw 12.

In the centrifugal rotor (9), the separating plate (15) located in the middle of the upper rotating plate (13), the lower rotating plate (14), and both rotating plates (13) and (14) is integrally formed by the guide bolts (16). It consists of the whole 17.

At this time, the upper centrifugal passage 18 close to the inlet 8 and the lower centrifugal passage 19 far from the inlet 8 are formed.

The impactor 7 has two inclined impact surfaces 20, 21 which form two truncated cones in opposite directions.

At this time, the upper impact surface 20 is configured on the upper centrifugal passage 18 and the lower impact surface 21 is disposed at a position opposite to the lower centrifugal passage 19.

In the circumferential direction of the centrifugal rotor 9 or the dual rotor 17, material discharge passages 23 to 24 extending toward the material outlet 22 (FIG. 2) are arranged.

3 and 4 show only the induction device 30.

The induction device 30 has two types of flat induction plates 31 and 32.

In other words, the short plate 31 and the lower centrifugal passage 19 (far away from the inlet 8) are used to direct the flow of material and air to the upper centrifugal passage 18 (near the inlet 8). It consists of an elongate plate body 32 which induces flow, but in FIG. 3 the short plate body 31 is indicated by vertical hatching and the long plate body 32 by horizontal hatching.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, for example, the induction apparatus 30 may be casted to be integrally formed, and the centrifugal passages 18 and 19 may be made of a thin steel sheet to form them as a unit.

In the centrifugal passage 19, when the diaphragm 33 in the form of a portion of the ring is installed at the input of the centrifugal passage 19, the centrifugal passage 19 is also completely self-calibrated (like the centrifugal passage 18). The amount introduced into the centrifugal passage 19 is corrected to balance the amount introduced into the centrifugal passage 18) (indicated by the shaded lines in FIG. 4).

In the case of the dual rotating body 17, the ratio of the number of the upper inlet passages 34 to the number of the lower inlet passages 35 is 2: 4. Is four.)

Experiments have shown that this form can maintain the flow of material for positive effects.

The mixture of material and air to be processed passes directly through the inlet 8 into the upper and lower inlet passages 34 and 35 of the induction apparatus 30 and is rotated. The mixture is accelerated in the upper and lower inlet passages 34 and 35 and subjected to the first impact in the guide bolt 16.

The impact effect was doubled by providing the guide bolts 16 around the rotary plates 13 and 14 in duplicate.

If the number of the guide bolts 16 is large, there will also be a guide effect to uniformly distribute the mixture in the circumferential direction.

The mixture of material and air is then separated by two centrifugal passages 18 and 19 and sprinkled onto impact surfaces 20 and 21, respectively.

It is easy to see that a 90 degree change in direction of both flows causes the mixture to separate immediately in opposite directions, with heavy material striking the impact surface provided at that time and air passing over it.

Even after impact, a stable flow of material and air is formed by both outlet passages 23 and 24 that are ring-shaped and basically symmetrically placed.

The steam turbine type and circumferentially extending material outlet tube 22 equalizes the function of the impact surfaces 20 and 21 and the mixture of material outlet tube 22 provides air and air which can be further transported with the aid of compressed air. Help to mix the ingredients.

5 to 6 show various arrangements of the internal structure.

Regardless of the position of the internal structure, the working effect of the impact separator 1 is always preserved.

In FIG. 5, the material to be processed is introduced into the impact grinder 1 vertically from the lower feed section 40, and is discharged to the horizontal discharge section 41. In FIG. From the vertical.

In contrast, in FIGS. 7 and 8 the material enters the impact separator 1 in the direction of the horizontal input 40.

The incoming material is sent to the vertical bottom outlet 41 in FIG. 7 and to the vertical top outlet 41 in FIG.

In figure 9 an embodiment of a triple centrifugal rotor 50 is presented.

Each centrifugal passage 51, 52, 53 has its own impact surfaces 54, 55, 56.

The flow of material is changed downward by the impact surfaces 55 and 56 and upward by the impact surface 54.

Here too, the induction device 30 is configured in the same way as in FIGS. 1 to 4 and ensures a uniform distribution of material for all passages through which material and air pass.

In FIG. 10, the centrifugal rotor consists of a double rotor 60, similarly as in FIGS. 1 to 4, where the difference is that the two cause the flow of material to bend in the same direction, i.e., downward. It has a shock surface 61 and 62 of.

In FIG. 11, the structure of FIG. 10 is doubled so that the material of which the centrifugal rotor 70 is divided into four can be redirected in two opposite directions.

Claims (19)

A centrifugal rotor (9) (17) (50) (60) comprising at least two axially directed centrifugal passages (18) (19) (51) (52) (53) and surrounded by a circular shock (7). In the centrifugal rotor (9) (17) (50) (60) (70) as an impact separator of flour, bran or grain particles having a (70), an inlet (8) and a product outlet (22). Is divided into the circular inlet 8 and a guide piece device or induction device 30 arranged to decompose the injected material into the centrifugal passages 18, 19, 51, 52 and 53. The impact surfaces 20, 21, 54, 55, 56 of the sieve are combined with each centrifugal passage 18, 18, 51, 52, 53 and the impact surface 20 of the impact body. Impact separator, characterized in that (21) (54) (55) (56) is configured in a conical shape opened in the opposite direction. Impact separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the induction device (30) is connected to the inlet (8) of the centrifugal rotor (9). Impact separator according to claim 2, characterized in that the induction device (30) is connected to a rotating centrifugal body (9). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inlet passages (34) and (35) of the induction device (30) are extended to guide the centrifugal passages (18) and (19) in the shape of a round target. Impact separator. A centrifugal rotor (9) according to claim 4, wherein the centrifugal rotor (9) has two centrifugal passages (18) and (19), each of which is fixedly divided by the side, and a plurality of upper and lower inlet passages (34) and (35). The lower inlet passage 35 through the centrifugal passage 19 farther from the center) is twice the size of the upper inlet passage 34 through the centrifugal passage 18 close to the inlet 8, and each inlet passage 34 ( 35) Impact separator characterized in that the corresponding induction plate body (31) (32) is assigned. Impact separator according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower inlet passage (35) flowing into the centrifugal passage (19) away from the inlet (8) has one diaphragm (33) which reduces the outer perimeter. . Impact impact separator according to claim 6, characterized in that the diaphragm (33) is arranged at the inlet of the induction device (30) and is configured as an annular tapering toward the rotation axis. Impact impact separator according to claim 5, characterized in that the same upper and lower centrifugal passages (34) are arranged symmetrically. The impact separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact surfaces (20) (21) of the ring-shaped impact bodies (7) separated from each other are assigned to each centrifugal passage (18). 10. The centrifugal rotor 9 is configured as a dual rotor 17, and the impactor 7 has two impact surfaces 20, 21 facing in different directions. Impact separator characterized by. Impact separator according to claim 10, characterized in that one common material discharge tube (22) is formed on the double rotor (17) and the two impact surfaces (20) (21). 12. Impact separator according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the material discharge pipe (22) opens to the rear discharge part (41). 11. Impact impact separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the impact surface (20) (21) is configured as a cone which opens in different directions with respect to the dual rotor (17). Separator according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the guide device (30) has a flat guide plate (31) (32). The centrifugal rotor (9) according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal passage (9) is merged into a greater number of centrifugal passages (51) (52) and (53) as the centrifugal passage is further away from the inlet. Impact separator, characterized in that it has three or four centrifugal passages (51) (52) (53) divided by the shaft. The impact separator according to claim 15, wherein the impact surfaces (54) (55) (56) are assigned to each centrifugal passage (51) (52) (53) one by one. Impact separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (2) is fixed directly to the casing (5) (6) of the impact separator (1). The material discharging passages 23 and 24 are made up of two substantially identical halves, which are separable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft 11 of the centrifugal rotor 9. Impact separator characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein the impact separator 1 is configured as a ventilator so that the input portion 40 and the material discharge portion 41 of the material can be selected not only in the vertical dimension but also in the horizontal dimension of the apparatus. Impact separator characterized in that.