KR940003596A - 흡착막에 의한 수소 회수 - Google Patents

흡착막에 의한 수소 회수 Download PDF

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KR940003596A
KR940003596A KR1019930014931A KR930014931A KR940003596A KR 940003596 A KR940003596 A KR 940003596A KR 1019930014931 A KR1019930014931 A KR 1019930014931A KR 930014931 A KR930014931 A KR 930014931A KR 940003596 A KR940003596 A KR 940003596A
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배스카라 라오 매드허카아
서어카아 쉬바지
마이클 애브라아도 조셉
프레드릭 바아드 윌리엄
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윌리암 에프. 마쉬
에어 프로덕츠 앤드 케미칼스, 인코오포레이티드
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Abstract

소공성 지지체에 의해 지된 미소공성 흡착 물질을 포함하는 복합 반투과성막은 압력 스웡 흡착(PSA) 시스템과 연속적으로 작동되며, PSA 거부 가스는 막성능을 항상시키기 위한 일소 가스로 사용된다. 통합 막-PSA 시스템은 수소와 탄화수소의 혼합물로부터 고순도의 수소를 회수하는데 특히 유용하며, 증기 -메탄 개질기차의 통합에 적합하다.

Description

흡착막에 의한 수소 회수
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도의 흡착막이 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템에 통합되어 있는 본 발명의 도식적 흐름도이다.
제2도는 흡착막이 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템 및 탄화수소 개질 시스템에 통합되어 있는 본 발명의 제2양태의 도식적 흐름도이다.
제3도는 흡착막이 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템 및 탄호수소 개질 시스템에 통합되어 있는 본 발명의 제3 양태의 도식적 흐름도이다.
제4도는 흡착막이 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템 및 분류기에 통합된 본 발명의 제4 양태의 도식적 흐름도이다.

Claims (17)

  1. 하나 이상의 제1성분 및 하나 이상의 제2성분을 포함하는 가스 피 이드 (feed) 혼합물로부터 상기 제1성분을 회수하는 방법으로서, 여기서, 상기 제2성분은 상기 제1성분보다흉착물질에 더 강하게 흡착되며, 상기 방법이 (a) 소공성 (porous) 지지체에 의해 지지된 미소공성(microporous) 흉착 물질을 포함하는 복합 반투과성 막(이 막은 피 이드쪽 및 투과물쪽을 가짐)을 함유하는 분리기 속으로 상기 피 이드 혼합물을 통과시키고, 상기 분리기로 부터 상기 제1 성분이 풍부한 불투과 중간 생성물 스트림(stream)을 회수하는 단계(여기서, 상기 제2 성분의 부분들은 상기 미소공성 홉착 물질에 의 해 선택적으로 흡착되며, 흡착된 유동상으로서 상기 막의 피이드쪽으로부터 투과물쪽으로 확산됨) : (b) 상긴 제2 성분을 포함하는 투과물을 상기 막의 투과물쪽으로부터 회수하는 단계 : (c) 상기 제1 성분을 포함하는 고순도의 생성물 스트림 및 상기 제2성분의 추가 부분을 포항하는 거부 스트림(rejectstream)으로 상기 불투과 중간 생성물 스트림을 분리하는 단계, 및 (d) 상기 막의 투과물 쪽을 가로질러 일소가스 (Sweep 9aS)로서 적어도 일부분의 상기 거부 스트림을 통과시키고, 상기 분리기로부터 일소 가스/투과 유출물 스트림을 회수하여 상기 제1 성분의 회수를 증가시키고, 상기 막을 통한 상기 제2 성분의 투과 속도를 증가시키는 단케를 포함하는 방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템 속으로 스트림을 통과시키고(이 때, 잔존하는 제2성분들은 선택적으로 흡착됨), 상기 시스템으로부터 제1성분을 포함하는 고순도의 생성물 및 상기 제2성분의 추가부분을 포함하는 거부 스트림을 회수하므로써, 중간 생성물 스트림이 단계(C)에서 분리되는 것인 방법.
  3. 제2항에 있어서, 제1 성분이 적어도 수소를 포함하는 것인 방법.
  4. 제3항에 있어서, 제2성분이 메탄, 에탄, 에틸렌, 프로잔, 프로필렌, 부탄, 이소부탄, 부틸렌, 이소부틸렌, 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 탄화수소를 포함하는 것인 방법.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 피이드 스트림의 압력이 20 내지 300 psig인 방법.
  6. 제5항에 있어서, 중간 생성물 스트림의 압력이 15 내지 295 psig인 방법.
  7. 제4항에 있어서, 일소 가스로서 사용된 거부 스트림의 압력이 2 내지 50 prig인 방법.
  8. 제4항에 있어서, 증기-메탄 개질기에서 메탄-함유 피이드 스트림을 개질시켜 수소, 탄소 산화물, 물 및 반응되지 않은 메탄을 포함하는 합성 가스를 생성시키고 압력 스윙 흡찰 시스템 앞의 중간 생성물 스트림과 상기 합성 가스를 합치는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  9. 제8항에 있어서, 증기-메탄개질기에서 연료로서 적어도 일부의 일소 가스/투과유출물 스트림을 이용하는 것을 추가로 포항하는 방법.
  10. 제4항에 있어서, 적어도 일부의 일소 가스/투과 유출물 스트림을 분류기 (dephlegmator)속으로 통과시키는 단계, 상기 분류기로부터 C3와 보다 무거운 탄화수소를 함유하는 탄화수소 생성물 스트림을 회수하는 단계, 또한 상기 분류기로부터 C9 보다 가벼운 성분들을 함유하는 가벼운 중간 탄화수소 스트림을 회수하는 단계, 상기 가벼운 충간 탄화수소 스트림을 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템 앞의 상기 중간 생성물 스트림과 합치는 단계는 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  11. 메탄-함유 피이드 가스, 및 수소와 탄화수소를 함유하는 가스 혼합물로부터 수소를 생산하는 방법으로서, (a) 소공성 지지체에 의해 지지된 미소공서 흘착 물질을 포함하는 복합 반투과성 막(이 막은 피이드쪽 및 투과물 쪽을 가짐)을 함유하는 분리기 속으로 상기 가스 혼합물을 통과시키고. 상기 분리기로부터 수소가 풍부한 중간 생성물 스트림을 최수하는 단계(여기서, 상기 제2성분의 부분들은 상기 미소공성 흉착 물질에 의해 선택적으로 흉착되며, 흡착된 유동상으로서 상기 막의 피이드쪽으로부터 투과물쪽으로 확산됨): (b) 상기 탄화수소를 포함하는 투과물을 상기 막의 투과물쪽으로부터 회수하는 단계: (C) 중기-메탄 개질기에서 메탄-함유 피이드 스트림의 일부분을 개질시켜 수소, 탄소 산화물, 물 및 반응되지 않은 메탄을 포함하는 합성 가스를 생성시키고, 상기 중간 생성물 스트림과 상기 합성 가스를 합치는 단계: (d) 단계(c)의 결과로 생긴 합헉진 스트림을 탄화수소 및 탄소 산화물이 선택적으로 흡착되는 압력 스윙 흡착 시스텡 속으로 통과시키고, 상기 시스템으로부터 고순도의 수소 생 성물, 및 탄화수소와 탄소 산화물을 포함하는 거부 스트림을 회수하는 단계 : 및 (e) 상기 막의 투과물쪽을 가로질러 일소 가스로서 상기 메탄-함유 피이드 가스의 잔존부분을 통과시키고, 상기 분리기로부터 일소 가스/투과 유출물 스트림을 회수하여, 수소의 회수도를 증가시키고 상기 막을 통한 탄화수소의 투과속도를 증가시키는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
  12. 제11항에 있어서, 증기-메탄개질기에서 연료로서 적어도 일부의 일소 가스/투과 유출물 스트림을 이용하는 것을 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  13. 제11항에 있어서, 증기-메탄개질기에서 추가 피이드로서 적어도 일부의 일소 가스/투과 유출물 스트림을 이용하는 것을 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  14. 제11항에 있어서, 증기-메탄 개질기에서 적어도 일부의 거부 스트림을 압력 스윙 흡착시스뎀으로부터 이용하는 것을 추가로 포함하는 방법.
  15. 하나 이상의 제1 성분 및 하나 이상의 제2 성분을 포함하는 가스 피이드 혼합물로부터 상기 제1 성분을 회수하는 방법으로서, 여기서, 상기 제2성분은상기 제1성분 보다흡착물질에 더 강하게 흡착되며, 상기 방법이 (a) 소공성 지지테에 의해 지지된 미소공성 흡착 물질을 포함하는 복합 반투과성막(이 막은 피이드쪽 및 투과물 쪽을 가짐)을 함유하는 분리기 속으로 상기 피이드 혼합물을 통과시키고, 상기 분리기로부터 상기 제1 성분이 풍부한 불투과 중간 릉성물 스트림을 회수하는 단계 (여기서, 상기 제2성분의 부분들은 상기 미소공성 흡착 물질 에 의해 선택적으로 흡착되며, 흡착된 유동상으로서 상기 막의 피이드쪽으로 부터 투과물쪽으로 확산됨) ; (b)상기 제2성분을 포함하는 투과물을 상기 막의 투과물쪽으로부터 회수하는 단계; (c) 상기 막의 투과물쪽을 가로 질러 일소 가스를 통과시키고, 상기 분리기로부터 일소 가스/투과 유출물 스트림을 회수시켜 (일소 가스는 상기 피이드 혼합물내에 존재하는 하나 이상의 동일한 제2성분을 포함함), 상기 제1 성분의 회수를 증가시키고 상기 막을 통한 상기 제2 성분의 투과 속도를 증가시키는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
  16. 하나 이상의 제1 성분 및 하나 이상의 제2 성분을 포함하는 가스 피이드 혼합물로부터 상기 제1 성분을 회수하기 위한 통합 분리 시스템으로서, 여기서, 상기 제2성분은 상기 제1성분보다 흡착 물질에 더 강하게 흡착되며, 상기 시스템이 (a) 소공성 지지테에 의해 지지된 미소공성 흉착 물질(이 물질은 상기 제2성분을 선택적으로 흡착할 수 있고 투과할 수 있음)을 포함하는 복합 반투과성 막(각각의 막은 피이드쪽 및 투과물쪽을 가짐)을 각각 함유하는 하나 이상의 분리기 모듀울(modules) ; (b) 상기 제2 성분을 선택적으로 흡착할 수 있는 알갱이 흡착 물질을 함유하는 복수의 흡착 용기를 포함하는 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템; (c) 상기 막의 피이드쪽의 각각의 상기 분리기 모듀을 속으로 상기 가스 피이드 혼합물을 주입하는 수단; (d) 각각의 상기 분리기 모듈울로부터 상기 막의 피 이드쪽의 불투과 중간 생성물 스트림을 제거하는 수단 및 상기 스트림을 상기 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템 속으로 주입하는 수단; (e) 상기 제1 성분을 포함하는 고순도의 생성물 스트림을 제거하는 수단 및 상기 제2 성분을 포항하는 거부 스트림을 상기 압력 스윙 흡착 시스템으로부터 제거하는 수단, (f) 적어도 일부의 상기 거부 스트림을 각각의 상기 분리기 모듀을 속으로 주입하고 상기 거부 스트림의 일부를 일소 가스로서 각각의 막의 투과물 쪽을 지나 통과시키는 수단: 및 (g) 상기 분리기 모듀울로부터 혼합 일소 가스/투과물 스트림을 회수하는 수단을 포함하는 통합 분리 시스템.
  17. 제16항에 있어서, 분리기 모듀울내에 소공성 지지체가 평평한 시이트, 실린더형 관, 공동(空洞) 섬유 또는 단일체(monolith)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 모양으로 제조되는 것인 시스템.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019930014931A 1992-08-03 1993-08-02 흡착막에 의한 수소 회수 방법 및 장치 KR0137440B1 (ko)

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