KR930011309B1 - Process for preparing super multi-filament yarn and manufacturing apparatus of therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The spinneret for manufacturing the sea-island type composite fiber, after composite-spinning the fiber-forming polymer and the easily- soluble polymer which is extracted and removed at the later stage, comprises an extruding plate (1) and a converging plate (2) simplified by eliminating pipe parts, a distributing plate (3) and a re-converging plate (4). All plates satisfy the following condition: 0.2 mm <= orifice diameter of extruding plate <= 2.0 mm, orifice diameter of extruding plate <= orifice diameter of converging plate <= orifice diameter of extruding plate + 2.0 mm, 8 <= orifice number of extruding plate <= 72, orifice number of converging plate = orifice number of extruding plate, 0.1 mm <= thickness of storage room of converging plate <= 2.0 mm.

Description

Manufacturing method and apparatus thereof

1 is a cross-sectional view of the island-in-the-sea spin pack according to the prior art.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the spinning pack used in the present invention.

Figure 3a is a cross-sectional view of the island-in-the-sea composite fiber using a conventional pack.

Figure 3b is a conventional split composite fiber cross-sectional view.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view during the spinning process of the composite fiber according to the present invention.

4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 2.

4B-4E are cross-sectional views taken along line B-B 'of FIG.

FIG. 4F is an example of cross section taken along line B-B 'in FIG. 2, and is poor in cross section formation.

Figure 4g is a four-sided section after the final aqueous alkali solution treatment.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Simply produced two-component discharge plate 2: Simply produced two-component joining plate

3: Redistribution Plate 4: Recombination Plate of Distributed Components and P2 Components

5: spinneret 6: first euro of P2 component

7: flow path of P1 component 8: introduction hole of 2 components first joined

9: 2nd euro of P2 component 10: Storage chamber of the primary joined component

11: introduction hole in which the primary joined components are redistributed

12: third euro of P2 component 13: storage chamber of redistributed component and P2 component

14: introduction hole where redistribution component and P2 component are introduced

15: confluence of the two components rejoined 16: spinneret ball

17: P2 component storage chamber 18: P1 component primary storage chamber

1 ': Plate with two-component (P1, P2) discharge hole made of pipe

2 ': plate joining two components 3': spinneret

4 ': flow path of P2 component 5': flow path of P1 component

6 ': Introduced two-component holes 7': Storage chamber of P2 components

8 ': confluence of two components joined 9': detention

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite fiber and a device for producing a conjugated fiber for producing a product having a new silk touch.

More specifically, the fiber-forming component (polyamide or polyethylene terephthalate) and the soluble component are prepared using a specially designed spinning device, and the soluble component ultrafine fibers are removed by chemical treatment. It relates to a method for producing a and an apparatus thereof.

The conventional composite yarn manufacturing technology has been mainly focused on the development of ultra miniaturization. For example, Japanese Patent Publications 44-18369, 46-25528, 46-3817, 46-26723, etc. manufacture sea island type composite fibers, while the same 48-28002, 48-28005, 48-37044, etc. are divided composite fibers. The present invention relates to a technique for producing an ultrafine by physical and chemical treatment. Furthermore, Japanese Laid-Open Patent No. 62-45721 relates to a filament manufacturing technique having a non-uniform cross section by properly mixing two polymers having different solubilities using a mixer. Also known is a method of producing a filament having a release cross section through a release spinneret.

However, the island-in-the-sea composite fiber manufacturing technology according to Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-18369, etc., due to the specificity of the device, each segment is impossible except for round shape. As two polymers are separated from each other until the final product, it is impossible to reduce dyeing fastness or cost, and it is difficult to control the degree of division.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-45721 obtains a highly nonuniform cross section by dissolving and removing a non-uniformly mixed component of two polymers, thereby obtaining a spun-like effect that was not possible with conventional composite fibers. However, there is a limitation in that the number of filaments in the manufacturing technology can not be miniaturized. In addition, as a well-known technique, a technique for manufacturing a filament of a release cross section using a release radiation mold is not possible to impart limitations in detention design and non-uniformity between filaments except for the disadvantage of not being miniaturized.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, in particular, to provide a technique for manufacturing a super-fine fiber in the shape of a butterfly wing.

More specifically, the present invention provides a fiber-forming component, polyamide (relative viscosity 2.5-3.0 at 95% sulfuric acid) or polyethylene terephthalate (relative viscosity 0.6-1.0 at 95% sulfuric acid), and a modified polyethylene terephthalate (usable component). Relative viscosity 0.4-0.8) in 95% sulfuric acid is prepared using a specially designed spinning device, and this soluble component is mixed with alkaline aqueous solution, ie, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution. Is 1-10wt%, the treatment temperature is 60-130 ° C., the treated acid is 10-60 minutes, and treated to remove the ultrafine butterfly-shaped fibers.

The forming component and the usable component used herein may be from the weight ratio of 80s to 20s to the weight ratio of 20s to 80, respectively, wherein the dissolution rate constant K of each polymer used satisfies the following equation. .

(Wherein R is the insoluble weight fraction (%) after t seconds)

t: treatment time, D: fineness, km: dissolution rate constant of the water-soluble component, kf: dissolution rate constant of the fiber-forming component, MVf: melt viscosity of the fiber-forming component, MVm: melt viscosity of the water-soluble component.

In the present invention, when the dissolution rate constant ratio is 3 or less, the time required for removing the soluble component is long, and the fiber-forming component is also dissolved at the same time, and the strength of the final product is remarkably lowered, and it is difficult to obtain a desired cross section. .

The spinning pack used in the present invention produced the spinning pack consisting of the island-in-the-sea spinning parts mentioned in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 44-18369 and the like, and the distribution and recombination plates specially devised by the present inventors, and thus, the present invention.

The structure of a conventional islands-in-the-sea pack is shown in FIG. 1 and the pack used in the present invention is shown in FIG. In order to explain the present invention in more detail, the present invention will be described according to the spinneret drawing of FIG.

When the fiber-forming component is referred to as P1 and the usable component is referred to as P2, first, P2 is partially stored through the P2 component primary flow path 6 of the discharge plate 1 having the simply made two-component discharge hole. ), And a part flows into the storage chamber 13 through the P2 component secondary flow path 9 and the tertiary flow path 12.

On the other hand, the fiber-forming component P1 flows down through the flow path 7 of the P1 component in the primary storage chamber 18 and merges with the P2 component in the storage chamber 17, and the joined two-component flows are introduced into the two-component introduction hole ( 8) through the storage compartment (10).

The two components gathered in the storage chamber have the same shape as the cross section by the conventional seam pack (Fig. 4A). The components collected in the storage compartment 10 are again classified into the storage compartment 13 by the redistribution plate 3 having the redistribution introduction hole 11 accurately adjusted, and recombines with the P2 component again in the storage compartment 13. The re-joined two-component streams are joined at the confluence unit 15 prepared in the spinneret 5 along the introduction hole 14. At this time, the conjoined bicomponent polymer core has a tangential cross section as shown in FIG. 4B and is finally discharged through the hole 16.

The supplementary explanation of the parts used here is that 8 to 72 of the P1 component is good, and if it is 8 or less, it will not be miniaturized, and if it is 72 or more, the pack will be relatively large to assemble. It becomes hard and the pressure in the pack rises, and it hardens between the polymer plates, causing a break in operation. The storage chamber 17 of the joining plate 2 has a good thickness of 0.1-2.0mm, and the flow of the P1 component is less than 0.1mm because the flow of the P2 component is not smooth. Interfering with the flow of the P1 component descended through the P1 components may be stuck together.

The two-component discharge plate 1 and the two-component confluence plate 2, which are simply manufactured without using pipes as described above, are considerably cheaper than conventional packs, are easy to maintain, and are compatible with conventional conventional radiation packs. Can be used. The confluence plate 2 and the redistribution plate 3 have a second flow path 9 and a third flow path 12 of the second component, and the P2 components through the flow paths 9 and 12 are introduced into the inlet hole 11. Redistribution descended through) and rejoin in the storage compartment (13). If there are no flow paths 9 and 12, the redistributed components are recombined in the storage chamber 13 and the confluence 15 so that the cross section desired by the present inventors is impossible.

At this time, the ratio of the P 2 component through the storage chamber 17, the flow paths 9 and 12 is 7: 3 to 3: 7 is more preferred, and more preferably 6: 4 to 4: 6. The redistribution plate 3 has a storage chamber similar to the merging plate 2, and preferably has a redistribution introduction hole 11 that is somewhat larger than the discharge plate 1 and the merging plate 2. According to the number of the introduction holes 11 and the arrangement of the introduction holes, various yarn cross sections can be obtained. It is preferable that the recombination plate 4 has the same storage compartment as the joining plate 2.

When the polymer thus discharged is manufactured into a composite fiber through winding and stretching according to a conventional spinning method, it has a segmented flap-like structure having a plurality of extremely non-uniform cross sections in each filament.

The spinning pack of the present invention for producing such a composite fiber can avoid the complexity of the pack, which is a disadvantage of the island-in-the-sea pack, since the pipe part is not required as compared to the island-in-the-sea reflection pack according to the prior art of FIG. There is no risk of damage to the pipe and maintenance is maintained. According to the present invention, the ultrafine composite fiber of the present invention has a non-uniformity of conventional islands-in-the-sea or split composite fibers, which enables the development of a product of a peach-skin group having a touch and luster close to natural fibers. It has a silky effect. The effect of the non-uniform cross section is that the glossiness is increased by this glossiness and diffuse reflection, so there is less waxy feeling and an elegant gloss. In addition, the cross-sectional area is wider than the island-in-the-sea yarn or the split microfiber yarn, so that dyeing and dyeing fastness are also improved. In addition, the complete removal of the soluble components does not require two-bath dyeing, which is a disadvantage of the conventional dividing yarn, so it is possible to reduce the relative manufacturing cost. Also, the capillary phenomenon of the dissolved portion increases water absorption and retention. Therefore, when used for the purpose of lingerie, etc. will have an excellent antistatic property than the existing products.

An Example is given to the following and this invention is further demonstrated to it.

Example 1

In the composite spinneret having the longitudinal cross section shown in FIG. 2, the flow path of p1 of the discharge plate 1 is 1.0 mm in diameter, the number is 16, and the thickness of the storage chamber 7 of the merging plate 2 is 0.2 mm. The diameter of the ball 8 is 1.5mm and the number is 16, the redistribution plate 3 is 0.2mm thick in the storage compartment 10, the introduction hole 10 is 1.0mm in diameter, the number is 19 and the recombination plate 4 is the storage compartment. A thickness of 0.2 mm (13), a diameter of 1.5 mm and a number of 19 of the introduction hole 14 were used, and the spinneret was a conventional one.

As the fiber-forming component, polyamide (95% sulfuric acid, relative viscosity 2.5) commonly used is used, and modified polyethylene terephthalate (95% sulfuric acid, 0.6 relative viscosity) is used as the usable component, and the component ratio is 8: 2. , 7: 3, 6: 4, 4: 6, 3: 2: 8, respectively.

The spinning conditions at this time were 20 grams / minute for the total discharge amount, the spinneret was 24 holes, the temperature of the pack was 290 ° C., the winding speed was 1000 meters per minute, and was carried out according to the usual method of stretching.

As a result of confirming the cross section of the yarn thus produced by electron microscopy, it was possible to obtain the antagonist phase cross section expected by the present inventors, and the physical properties, the cross-sectional formability, and the radiation operation properties at that time are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Example 2

In Example 1, the discharge plate 1, the joining plate 2, the distribution plate 3, and the re-combination plate 4 were different in shape, and spun under the same raw materials and conditions. The cross-sectional formability at that time is shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Numerous tests were carried out in addition to the above examples, and as a result, in order to improve the cross-sectional formability, it was found to satisfy the following equation.

1) 0.2mm ≤ hole diameter of discharge plate ≤ 2.0mm

2) Hole diameter of discharge plate ≤ hole diameter of joining plate <hole diameter of discharge plate + 2.0mm

3) 8≤discharge board number≤72

4) Airborne of joining board = Airborne of discharge board

5) 0.1 mm ≤ thickness of the junction plate storage room ≤ 2.0 mm

6) 0.2mm≤pore size of distribution plate≤2.0mm

7) pore size of distribution plate ≤ pore size of recombination plate ≤ pore size of distribution plate + 2.0mm

8) 8≤ distribution of valves≤72

9) Airborne plate ≤ Airborne plate ≤ Airborne plate +60

10) 0.1 mm ≤ thickness of storage compartment plate ≤ 2.0 mm

11) Airborne Distributions = Airborne Recombination Plates

12) 0.1 mm ≤ thickness of the junction plate storage room ≤ 2.0 mm

Example 3

In spinning with the same raw materials and conditions as in Example 1, the ratio between the storage chamber 17, the flow passages 9 and 12 in the flow path of the P2 component was changed to 100: 0 to 20: 80, and then the cross section was observed. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Example 4

The same pack as in Example 1 was used, and the composite fiber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the fiber forming component as polyethylene terephthalate (95% sulfuric acid, relative viscosity 0.7). Appeared almost similar to the cross-sectional example 1 at this time, it was found by the inventors that the morphology of the cross section (Morphology) depends largely on the pack rather than the composition of the fiber-forming component.

Example 5

The same pack as Example 1 was used, and polyethylene (melt index 2.0) was used as the usable component. At this time, the cross section looks much more advanced than Example 1, which indicates that the lower the melt viscosity of the usable component, the easier the cross section is formed, and it is better to satisfy the following equation in selecting two components. .

Example 6

Fabrics were prepared by conventional methods using the yarns obtained in Examples 1 and 4, and microfiber fabrics were prepared by completely removing the soluble component with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.

Comparative Example 1

A microfiber fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 using a yarn obtained by the same method as in Example 1 using a conventional pack.

Comparative Example 2

Using a yarn obtained by the same method as in Example 1 using a conventional multi-component composite yarn pack, the microfiber fabric was prepared by dividing by a conventional method and comparing the texture and dye absorbency of the fabric. In addition, the superiority of the fabric according to the present invention was evaluated as compared with the conventional method. Here, touch is a synthesis of the progress measured by the KES method and evaluated by 30 users.

TABLE 4

Claims (5)

In the spinneret for producing island-in-the-sea composite fiber by eluting and removing the soluble component after complex spinning using a fiber-forming polymer and a water-soluble polymer, the discharge plate 1 and the joining plate simplified because there is no pipe part. ), Spinneret for making a superfine microfilament on the ground, characterized in that it consists of a distribution plate (3) and a re-combination plate (4). The spinneret according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the discharge plate, the joining plate, the distribution plate, and the recombination plate satisfies the following equation. 1) 0.2mm ≤ hole diameter of discharge plate ≤ 2.0mm 2) Hole diameter of discharge plate ≤ hole diameter of joining plate <hole diameter of discharge plate + 2.0mm 3) 8≤discharge board number≤72 4) Airborne of joining board = Airborne of discharge board 5) 0.1 mm ≤ thickness of the junction plate storage room ≤ 2.0 mm 6) 0.2mm≤pore size of distribution plate≤2.0mm 7) pore size of distribution plate ≤ pore size of recombination plate ≤ pore size of distribution plate + 2.0mm 8) 8≤ distribution of valves≤72 9) Airborne plate ≤ Airborne plate ≤ Airborne plate +60 10) 0.1 mm ≤ thickness of storage compartment plate ≤ 2.0 mm 11) Airborne Distributions = Airborne Recombination Plates 12) 0.1 mm ≤ thickness of the junction plate storage room ≤ 2.0 mm A method for producing a tangential ultrafine filament characterized by spinning the fiber-forming component and the water-soluble component rate using the spinneret described in claim 1 to satisfy the following formula. (Wherein R is the insoluble weight fraction (%) after t seconds) t: processing time D: fineness km: Dissolution rate constant of soluble component kf: dissolution rate constant of fiber-forming component MVf: Melt viscosity of fiber-forming component MVm: Melt viscosity of the water-soluble component. 4. The method for manufacturing a tacky superfine filament according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of the water-soluble component flowing into the storage compartment of the merging plate and the amount flowing into the storage compartment of the recombination plate is 30:70 to 70:30. Fabrics, knits, nonwovens and the like produced from composite fibers obtained from packs satisfying any one of claims 1 to 3.