KR920001523B1 - Manufacturing method of sea island type conjugated fiber and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

2 different thermoplastic resins which differ in solubility against same solvent are used as base materials for sea-island fiber. Soluble component is to be sea-component, while insoluble fiber- forming component is to be island component. Conventional polyester or hihg shrinkage polymer which shrinks 1.5-2.0 times as many as polyamide fiber is used as island component. When cross-sections of extrusion orifices of island component are modified, round cross-section is aligned at the outer-most portion, flat cross-section at the inner-most portion, and Y cross-section between them. In case of same cross-section of island component, cross-section's surface are a is modified so that fineness ratio is 1:2 - 1:5.

Description

Method for producing island-in-the-sea composite fiber of different cross-section of different fineness and apparatus for manufacturing same

The drawings show an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the assembly of the radiation defect and the detention according to the present invention.

2 is an enlarged view of the distribution plate 2 of FIG.

3 is a lower cross sectional view of an island component lead-in hole in the distribution plate of FIG.

4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the spinneret of FIG.

5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional angled spinneret.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: first distribution plate 2: second distribution plate

3: spinneret 4: peck

5: Island Component Reservoir in the First Distribution Plate

6: Island component drawing hole in the first distribution plate

7: Sea component Reservoir in the first distribution

8: Derivation of sea components from the first distribution plate

9: Island component Reservoir in the second distribution

10: island component drawing hole in the second distribution plate

11: Sea component extraction hole in the second distribution plate

12: Reservoir of sea component in the second distribution

13: spinneret upper introduction hole

14: outermost circumference in the arrangement of island component discharge holes in the second distribution plate

15: fourth outer peripheral part of the island component drawing hole arrangement in the second distribution plate

16: third outer peripheral part of the island component drawing hole arrangement in the second distribution plate

17: 2nd outer peripheral part in the arrangement of island component drawing holes in the second distribution plate

18: first outer peripheral part of the island component drawing hole arrangement in the second distribution plate

19: diameter of the spinneret upper introduction hole

20: diameter of the lower spinneret introduction hole

21: length of inlet required to be curved

22: Surface radius of the surface treatment opening

23: introduction hole angle of the angled introduction hole

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing island-in-the-sea composite fiber in which dozens to hundreds of heterogeneous fiber bundles having different fineness and cross-sectional shapes exist in one filament cross section.

Here, the term 'island' refers to the part of the component to be dissolved and removed after spinning, and it is called 'sea'. As islands', the fiber composed of sea component and island component in the cross section of the monofilament immediately after spinning is referred to as island-in-the-sea composite fiber.

In particular, not only the microfibers of conventional islands-in-the-sea composite fibers, but also the fiber bundles of different fineness are mixed, and the fiber bundle can be strongly reinforced and the fabric feel can be improved. It is possible to improve the gloss according to the fabric made of the fibers have a very similar gloss and feel of natural leather.

Since the island-in-the-sea composite fiber dissolves and removes sea components in the post-spinning process to form fiber bundles with only island components, there is a problem such as waste of resin and selection of an appropriate solvent. Due to being manufactured, non-woven type artificial suede (Suede) is widely used as a material such as artificial leather.

In order to obtain such sea island yarn, spinnerets such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-43605 have been published. However, when spinnerets are spun with such spinnerets, the cross-sectional shape and fineness of the island components are uniform, resulting in the feel and luster of natural leather. It is difficult to do it, and the sea component flow path is wrapped in a cis-core structure for each single sea component draw hole, so that the separate distribution plate for the sea component flow is relatively reduced as a separate distribution plate is required to create the sea component flow path. The lead hole also became relatively long, and thus, it was difficult to completely clean even when cleaning the spinneret after spinning.

In addition, in order to facilitate the formation of radioactive and island-in-the-sea cross-sections, spinnerets such as U.S. Patent No. 4,015,924 may be devised, but the spinneret has a radius (R) up to the orifice curved surface of the orifice (Z). The spinneret is inversely proportional to the square root of), which is irrelevant to the flow behavior of the viscous polymer. The higher the viscosity, the greater the difference in flow velocity of the polymer passing between the orifice wall and the inner layer. When viewed from the wall of the orifice, a hyperbolic curve is produced. Therefore, the spinneret of the patent type is not suitable for spinning of a highly viscous polymer, but also is not suitable because turbulence may occur.

In order to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention, while manufacturing the island-in-the-sea composite fiber that can make artificial leather with a touch and luster similar to that of natural leather, while increasing the number of pores of drawing ingredients and solving problems in detention cleaning As a result of the study, the present invention has reached the present invention. That is, natural leather has a structure in which not only circular but also fibers or yarns having various cross sections such as flat or Y axis are mixed, and the fineness of the fiber is different for each cross section. Focusing on the point, in the present invention, the cross section of the island component is configured in the form of a mixture of a circle, a Y, and a flat shape in the existing circle, and each cross section has a fineness ratio of about 1: 2 to 1: 5 respectively. It was designed to have.

The following describes the details of the present invention. In the present invention, all the polyester-based fibers and polyamide-based fibers in the thermoplastic resin may be used, and high shrinkage of the island component is required after dissolving the sea component, and thus, a heat shrinkage factor higher than that of the conventional fiber is used. The sea component may be modified polyester or modified polyamide-based, olefin-based and vinyl-based polymers.

The two resins should have a significant difference in solubility in the same solvent, and a solvent capable of dissolving and removing only sea components without affecting the island components should be selected.

Solvents capable of dissolving vinyl polymers are known to have many solvents such as benzene and toluene, and modified polyesters have faster dissolution rates in alkaline liquids than ordinary polyesters. Can melt.

First, the sea component polymer flows into the second distribution plate through the sea component distribution hole of the first distribution plate 1, and then fills the leisure bore at the bottom of the second distribution plate 2, and then radiates through the upper introduction hole of the spinneret. You get out of detention.

The island component polymer is also introduced into the second distribution plate 2 through the island composition distribution hole of the first distribution plate 1, and the spinneret 3 through the island composition extraction hole 10 in the second distribution plate 2. ) Leads to the upper introduction hole (13).

At this time, the degree component drawing hole of the second distribution plate 2 has 60 to 150 degree component drawing holes per hole of the upper part of the spinneret, the introduction hole 13, the overall size of the radiation peg (4) and the purpose of use of the product In some cases, the derived maneuver may be different.

Latitude component derivation maneuver is impossible unless the island-shaped cross-section configuration mechanism as in the present invention.

In the cross-sectional shape of the bottom part of the island component drawing hole, it was processed into round, Y-shape and flat shape to release the island components. : 5 is appropriate, but if the degree of fineness is larger than this, the fineness of the attitude yarn is too large, and it is difficult to expect the improvement of the touch due to the mixed island effect. If it is small, it is difficult to express the feel and gloss like natural leather, which is not suitable.

The method of making islet yarns in the same distribution board can be made by adjusting the diameter and slit length of the circle at the bottom of the exit hole using the Power-law formula.

The odd ratios of Taesum Dosa and Sesum Dosa in each section are about 1: 2 ~ 1: 5, which means that even if only a small amount of Taesom Dosa is mixed in Sesum Dosa, the strength of Sesom Dosa and the touch will be remarkably improved. If the number of Taesomdosa and Sesamedosa is the same, or if the number of Taesomdosa is more than the number of Sesamedosa, only the characteristics of Taesomdosa become so prominent that the characteristics of Sesomdosa are almost disappeared and the characteristics as microfiber yarn It will be destroyed. In addition, if the odd ratios of Taesumdo and Sesamedosa are greater than 1: 5, the function of Taesomdosa will be deteriorated, and the strength of the fabric such as nonwoven fabrics made of the above fibers will be reduced and the touch will not be improved.

Although the second component (2) is derived from each of the island-like polymers in the form of heteromorphic form, the upper portion of the spinneret is combined with the sea component polymer, and the cross-sectional shape is different from that of the lead-hole. In some cases, the shape is maintained, but in the case of Y-type, the triangular cross section is obtained, and in the case of flatness, a cross-sectional shape in which the flatness is much lower than the flatness of the lead hole is obtained.

In order to maintain the release cross section of the island component in the second distribution plate 2 with the sea component to some extent, the flat cross section deviated more from the roundness in the center, the circular cross section in the outermost circumference 14, and Y It is preferable to arrange the mold cross section therebetween.

In the conventional spinning system for manufacturing island-in-the-sea composite fiber, the sea component drawing hole wraps the individual island drawing holes for the smooth formation of the islands cross section, and accordingly, even if a problem arises in securing the space of the island drawing holes. Not only can the number of parts not be sufficiently increased, there are problems such that the island component lead-out hole becomes too long, requiring considerable time for complete cleaning at the time of cleaning the distribution plate.

However, in the present invention, the derivation hole of the sea component does not cover the island component, but the shape of the island component penetrates into the already formed sea component reduces the area occupied by the hole of the island component, thereby designing a relatively large number of island component extract holes. Not only that, but also the length of the island component lead-out hole was remarkably shortened.

That is, in the second distribution plate 2, the sea component polymer is stagnated in the leisure bore 12 at the bottom of the distribution plate through the sea component extraction hole 1, and then the introduction hole 13 at the top of the spinneret 3 is opened. When exiting through the island component polymer penetrates into the sea component leisure bore (12) along the island component extraction hole to form a sea island cross-section.

The island-in-the-sea composite fiber, unlike the conventional composite fiber, has a wide distribution of the island component extracting holes 10 in the second distribution plate 2 so that the polymer on the top of the spinneret 3 can be made into a single filament. The shape of the introduction hole 13 becomes very important, that is, a spinneret polymer introduction hole capable of moving the sea island cross section formed in the second distribution plate 2 to the bottom of the spinneret without damage to the cross section is required.

Therefore, the inventors have simulated using various types of spinneret upper introduction holes 13, and have come to devise an introduction hole like FIG. 4 which is very good in polymer flow while maintaining the seam cross section. The radius was calculated by the following equation.

here,

If it is sacrificed with a spinneret having a conventional angled introduction hole as shown in Fig. 5, not the shape of the introduction hole, it was confirmed that problems such as fusion of the island components or protruding out of the sea component occur. .

The island-in-the-sea fiber is cut to a certain length after spinning and manufactured in the form of a nonwoven fabric. After dissolving and removing the sea component by an artificial method, the nonwoven fabric is made to minimize the voids between the nonwoven tissues formed by dissolving the sea component. The fabric is highly retracted.

At this time, the fabric is shrunk using hot water, steam, and hot air. As a result, ordinary polyester or polyamide has a constant heat shrinkage rate, which makes it impossible to contract more than a certain level.

Accordingly, the present inventors used an improved polymer having a thermal shrinkage of about twice that of polyester or polyamide, which is usually used as a coating component. Accordingly, the shrinkage of the nonwoven fabric after dissolution is higher than that of conventional polyester or polyamide. I found much more happening.

In addition, it was found that the physical properties of the final product after raising and post-shrink after shrinkage were significantly improved.

When the composite islands-of-sea fiber are woven using the spinning device in the present invention, the island-in-the-sea cross-section is more smoothly formed, and the spinning and stretching process can be significantly improved.

In addition, if the artificial islands or artificial suede are made of composite fibers using heterogeneous islands as described above, they can not only solve the problem of strong deterioration caused by the existing ultra islands, but also the microfiber yarns of various sections are mixed. As a result, it exhibits a unique luster and feel not found in existing artificial leather and artificial suede.

However, in order to effectively carry out the present invention, the heat shrinkage ratio is preferably 1.5 to 2.0 times. When the shrinkage rate is less than 1.5 times, the gap between the fibers is not sufficiently reduced. When the heat shrinkage rate is larger than 2.0 times, the shrinkage of the nonwoven fabric is poor. Will be done.

Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1

The island component used was a polyester copolymer having a thermal shrinkage of about 1.5 times larger than that of conventional polyester fibers. The intrinsic viscosity measured at 35 ° C. ortho chlorophenol was 0.675. The seaweed component was also used as a polyester copolymer, which is about 5 to 10 times faster in alkali dissolution than conventional polyester. The number of derivation labors for 20 degrees of flatness, 40 for Y-type, and 60 for prototypes was 120. The degree of fineness in each section was 1: 3, and the number ratio of Taesumdosa and Sesumdosa was 1: 3.

The island component drawing holes are all arranged in a five-week arrangement, with a flat Taesomdosa in the first outer peripheral part 18, a flat sesamedosa in the second outer peripheral part 17, and a Y in the third outer peripheral part 16. The four-fiber yarns and the three-fiber yarns are arranged in the fourth outer circumferential portion 15, the Y-shaped fine-fiber yarns, the circular-shaped fine yarns and the circular fine-fiber yarns are arranged in the outermost periphery 14, respectively. The number of spinnerets in the spinneret 3 was 80 pieces, and all the inlet holes 13 in the upper part of the spinneret were processed by the formula (1).

Using the above peck parts, the solution: island component ratio was set to 30:70, the spinneret block temperature was set to 260 ° C, and 8 rolls were wound at a speed of 1500m per minute to obtain 14400 denier and 640 filament sub-toes.

The combined tow was stretched to 3 times the draw ratio in 80 ℃ boiling water to prepare a stretched tow of 38400 denier and 5120 filaments.They were also crimped and cut to make a multimodal fiber of 38mm and monofilament denier 7.5. The fiber was obtained. Before dissolving the islands-in-sea fibers, the cross-sectional area of the island components in each monofilament was calculated using the Leitz imager and the fineness of each island-based island composition was calculated as follows.

Although the sea component and island component meet in ratio in the leisure boa (12 in FIG. 2), the device has a structure that forms a cross section, but a poor cross section in which the island components are fused is not seen. And no bad cross section where the island component protruded out of the sea component was seen.

Example 2

After producing the radial islands-in-the-sea fibers using the peck part of the present invention in the same manner as in Example 1, the result of disassembling and washing the spin peck part is as follows. Here, the washing solution was a mixed solution containing sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, and sodium nitrite at a predetermined ratio, and was washed at 420 ° C. The time required for the cleaning of the island-based components until the acceptance product was 90 minutes, which is not much longer than the 60 minutes required for the conventional spinneret cleaning.

Comparative Example 1

The same components as in Example 1 were used for the island and sea component polymers, and the spinning and stretching conditions were the same, and other parts were used as they were. However, the spinneret was a general spinneret different from the present invention. The inlet hole angle at the top of the spinneret was 60 °. The result of observing the cross section of the island component in the unstretched filament before spinning after spinning is shown in the following table (total number of filaments: 80).

The fusion of two or more island components within one filament occurred especially in the outer part of the filament, and about 8 out of 10 occurred.

As described above, even if the same distribution plate is used, if the upper introduction hole of the spinneret is poor, it can be seen that a lot of defective cross sections occur.

Comparative Example 2

The sea component was the same as in Example 1 and the island component was spun by using the spinning apparatus of the present invention using a conventional polyester. The intrinsic polyester had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.635 measured using 35 ° C orthochlorophenol as the solvent. After spinning, cutting and non-woven fabrics, after dissolution and shrinkage, the product and the physical properties of Example 1 were compared. The results are shown in the table below.

The tear strength was measured by KS K 0535 ~ 0537 and the burst strength was measured by KS K 0350.

As shown in the above results, it can be seen that the nonwoven fabric in the case of using a high shrinkage polyester has better overall physical properties than in the case of using a conventional polyester.

Claims (6)

The island component introduction hole of the distribution plate in the apparatus for producing island-in-the-sea fibers using two kinds of thermoplastic resins having different solubility in the same solvent as the sea component and the insoluble fiber forming component as the island component. The apparatus for producing islands-in-the-sea composite fiber of a heterogeneous cross-section of different fineness, characterized in that two or more forms are formed so that the introduction hole of the spinneret is curved. The cross-sectional area of the same-type island component lead-out hole is changed so that the fineness ratio is 1: 2-1: 5, and the odd ratios of the Taesumido and Sesame yarn of the island-based polymer are 1: 2 ~ in each cross section. 1: 5 is an apparatus for producing an island-in-the-sea composite fiber of different cross-sections of different fineness, characterized in that configured to be. The seawater-derived hole is not a sheath-core structure in which individual seawater-derived holes are wrapped around the seawater-derived holes. Apparatus for producing islands-in-the-sea composite fiber of heterogeneous cross-section of different fineness characterized in that it is configured so as to form a sea island cross-section. The apparatus for producing island-in-the-sea composite fiber of a heterogeneous cross section of different fineness according to claim 1, wherein the upper introduction hole of the spinneret is configured to satisfy the following equation.

here,

In the method for producing island-in-the-sea fibers using two kinds of thermoplastic resins having different solubility in the same solvent, a circular cross section of the island-in-the-sea yarn manufacturing method in which the island component of the island-in-the-sea yarn is obtained by deforming the cross section of the island-inducing hole is obtained. And a flat cross section at the innermost circumference and a Y-shape therebetween for spinning. The island-in-the-sea composite of claim 5, wherein the island component is manufactured using fibers made of polyester or a high shrinkage polymer having a heat shrinkage of 1.5 to 2.0 times that of the polyamide fibers. Method of making fibers.

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