KR900002153B1 - Dunnage material - Google Patents

Abstract

A packaging material comprises dunnage particles of expanded, resilient and thermoplastic synthetic resin and a frictionenhancing additive. The additive is deposited on at least a major portion of the outer surface of the majority of the particles. The particles have an average max. cross-sectional dimension of at least 1.27cm. The particles are pref. (a) a polymer contg. at least 70 wt.% of alkenyl aromatic cpd., (b) an aliphatic olefin polymer or (c) a halogenated aliphatic olefin polymer.

Description

Filling material and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to an improved filler and a method for producing the same.

It is known that dunnage materials such as foamed thermoplastic particles or strands are very desirable for product packaging. Foamed particles or strands protect the product during shipment by absorbing shock and separating the product from shipping container walls. Typical particles or strands are described in US Pat. Nos. 3,188,264 and 3,723,240.

The dunze material is typically located at the top of the product to be packaged, on the perimeter of the product and underneath to separate the product from the container wall. It is effective to pack a relatively light product in this way. However, it is less effective to package precise and relatively heavy products (eg electronic or optical instruments) in this way.

It has been found that there is a tendency to settle and move the dunze material when vibrating or handling relatively heavy products. For example, the movement of these heavy products often continues until breakage or other damage occurs in contact with the shipping container wall when shipping on a truck, van or train. Destruction due to this and other causes can be on the order of 15% or more, especially if the shipping or handling period is extended.

Many attempts have been made to reduce the migration of Dungeons.

US Pat. No. 3,292,859 to Landen describes the use of small foamed, dawned particles having a surface coating of adhesive or viscous material.

U. S. Patent No. 3,188, 246 to Holden describes particles having numerous concave surface indentations that enhance the connection between the particles.

U. S. Patent No. 3,723, 240 to Skoddopol et al describes asymmetrically expandable strands that are curled upon foaming, typically forming a helical structure. The helical structure is connected to some extent when pressure is applied.

U.S. Patent No. 3,251,728 to Humbert et al. Describes a dunze material consisting primarily of entangled connecting masses of elongated nonlinear flakes of foamed polymer.

US Pat. No. 3,047,136 to Graham describes a dunze material consisting of a string of multiple compressible hollow cylinders, each of which is partially cut apart. The application of elastic or rubbery outer coverings to the strings can reduce the slippage of the strings associated with each other as well as aid in the connection between the strings.

In one aspect, the present invention provides an amount of friction enhancing additive capable of improving friction, having an average maximum transverse length of at least 1.27 cm (0.5 inch) and attached to at least most of the majority of the outer surface of the particle particles. Wherein the additive provides improved filler properties to the filler and reduces the tendency of the product to move by the dunze particles; It is about.

In a related aspect, the present invention provides a plurality of foamed particles having an average maximum transverse length of at least 1.27 cm, and an amount of friction-enhancing that can improve friction at least in most of the outer surface portions of the majority of foamed particles. An improved method of making a filler in the form of foamed dunze particles, characterized by the application of an additive.

In yet another related aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing a package comprising: (a) having at least one wall, top and bottom, and containing one or more products to be packaged and a sufficient amount of filler particles to separate the product from the top, bottom and walls of the container. Provide a sufficient size of the packaging container, (b) add to the packaging container an amount of improved filler particles sufficient to provide a layer of suitable thickness that separates the product to be packaged from the bottom of the container, and (c) Placing the product to be packaged on a layer, and (d) adding an additional amount of improved filler particles to the packaging container, the additional amount being applied to the perimeter, between and top of the product to separate the product from the wall and top of the container and from other products. This amount should be slightly in excess of the packaging container), and then (e) pressed down from the excess top, A method of using an improved filler in a method for packaging a product, characterized by sealing the packaging container so that the self is somewhat compact.

One method of deformation is to add a step of placing the first deformable sheet material on a layer of dunze particles added to the container and placing the second deformable sheet material on the product to be packaged. When pressure is applied, the deformable first and second sheets are generally deformed such that portions of the second deformable sheet come into contact with portions of the first deformable sheet to form a sheath covering the product circumference.

The second method of deformation is to wrap the product around one or more deformable sheet materials before placing the product on a layer of dunze particles. Improved fillers can also be advantageously used if the product to be packaged is placed in contact with the wall, top or bottom of the container.

Dawn particles suitable for use in the present invention are readily made of various synthetic resin thermoplastic polymers.

Suitable groups of thermoplastic polymers are polymers containing at least 70% by weight of one or more alkenyl aromatic compounds in chemically bonded form. Such compounds are compounds of formula (I).

Wherein Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon or benzene-substituted halohydrocarbon radical and R is hydrogen or methyl radical.

Examples of such alkenyl aromatic polymers are homopolymers of styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, ortho-, meta- and para-methylstyrene, Ar-ethylstyrene, tert-butyl-styrene and Ar-chlorostyrene, two or more alkenyl Copolymers of aromatic compounds with one another, and copolymers of one or more alkenyl aromatic compounds with a small amount of other readily polymerizable olefinic compounds such as divinylbenzene, methylmethacrylate, or acrylonitrile.

A second group of thermoplastic polymers suitable for producing foamed Dunes particles are aliphatic olefin polymers, which are typically solid polymers, obtained by polymerizing one or more alpha-mono-olefin-based aliphatic hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 carbon atoms per molecule. Examples of these hydrocarbons are ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, 3-methylbutene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, 4-methylhexene-1, and 5-methylhexene-1. The hydrocarbons may be polymerized alone, with each other or with various other polymeric compounds. Polymers of ethylene or propylene alone are preferred because they form tough, elastic, micro-foamed, chemically inert products.

Suitable polymerizable organic compounds capable of polymerizing with ethylene or propylene include vinyl acetate, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl acrylates (e.g. ethyl acrylate), styrene, lower alkyl esters of methacrylic acid (e.g. methyl methacrylate). , Tetrafluoroethylene and acrylonitrile.

Copolymers containing, in chemically bound form, at least 75% by weight of ethylene or propylene and at least 25% by weight of at least one other polymerizable organic compound also exhibit desirable results.

Aliphatic olefin polymers can be modified by mixing with the polymeric material. Examples of polymeric materials are polyisobutylene, acrylonitrile / butadiene rubber, poly (2-chlorobutadiene-1,3), polyisoprene, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymers and ethylene / vinylacetate copolymers.

The third group of thermoplastic polymers suitable for the preparation of foamed dunze particles is not only halogenated aliphatic olefin polymers, but also polymers of various ethylenically unsaturated monomers forming the foamable thermoplastic compositions. Examples of these polymers are isopropenyl toluene, vinyl naphthalene, esters of alpha-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acids (e.g. methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, 2- Chloroethyl acrylate, 2-chloropropyl acrylate, 2,2'-dichloroisopropyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl alpha-chloro acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and methyl Methacrylates), nitriles (e.g. acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile), vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate, vinyl chloroacetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl laurate and vinyl stearate), vinyl ether Eg vinyl methyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether and vinyl 2-chloroethyl Le), vinyl ketones, methyl isopropenyl ketones, isobutylene, vinylidene halides (e.g. vinylidene chloride and vinylidene chloro fluoride), N-vinyl compounds (e.g. N-vinyl pyrrole, N-vinyl carbazole , N-vinyl indole, N-vinyl succinimide, acrolein, methacryolein, acrylamide, methacrylamide and N-methylol acrylamide), and allyl compounds (e.g. allyl alcohol, metallyl alcohol, allyl acetate, Allyl methacrylate, allyl lactate, allyl alpha-hydroxy isobutyrate, allyl trichlorosilane, allyl acrylate and metallyl phosphate).

The foamable composition of the polymer is readily prepared by mixing a gas, a volatile liquid, a gas-emitting solid foaming agent, or a mixture of two or more thereof, into the polymer, causing the foaming of the polymeric material upon heating.

In order to improve the elasticity according to the invention, it is preferred to use foamed dunze particles having an average maximum transverse length of at least 0.5 inch. Preferably, the particles have an average minimum cross length of at least 1.27 cm.

In one method of making an improved filler, a thermoplastic plasticized mass of synthetic resin material is provided in the first step. Thermoplastic masses contain blowing agents. This mass can be foamed to form a number of independent gas-filled bubbles. In a second step, the thermoplastic mass is kept under reduced pressure. In a third step, the thermoplastic mass is cooled below the temperature at which it foams under pressure. In this step, a cooled thermoplasticized mass is obtained. In the fourth step, elongated, unfoamed, cooled plasticizer mass is extruded into a molding machine to produce the stretched strand. In a fifth step, the stretched strand is cut to produce a plurality of relatively high bulk density foam components. Alternatively, the extruded cooled thermoplastic pellets are pelletized using a die face cutter or similar apparatus. In a sixth step, the foamable component, or pellet, is heated to an elevated temperature. The elevated temperature produces foamed particles with sufficient constituents. In the seventh step, an additive in an amount sufficient to improve friction is applied to at least one portion of the outer surface portion of the majority of the foam particles.

Friction-enhancing additives are specific substances that meet three criteria. First, it must be able to attach to the outer surface area of the Dunize particles. Second, it must remain on the outer surface area of the Dunes particles for a useful period of time. A useful period of time is sufficient time to allow one or more products to be packaged in dunze particles, to be shipped or shipped to or without the intermediate storage period or to the destination during the intermediate storage period, and to avoid unpacking without or during the intermediate storage period. to be. Third, the additive must provide an increased frictional force constant on the outer surface area of the Dunize particles. Preferably, the additive enhances the amount of adhesion between the grain size particles to a minimum amount or more.

In order to determine whether the additive meets the above criteria, a modified peel test is carried out. The correlation between the tests is established by comparing the results of the peel test with those of the vibration settling test. The description of the test is as follows.

Materials meeting the above criteria are synthetic polymer latex, pressure sensitive adhesives and glues, low molecular weight polymers, waxes, tack cements, starch adhesives, urethane adhesives and proteinaceous adhesives.

Low molecular weight polymers as used herein are polymers having a ring-shaped softening point of at least about 30 ° C., preferably at least about 50 ° C. Cyclic softening point is measured according to ASTM test E-28.

Starch adhesives are pastes (eg wheat pastes, dextrins, borate dextrins, jelly gums, etc.). Suitable starch is a starch which can be represented by the general formula (C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₅ ) _n where n is from 1 to 1,000,000.

Proteinaceous adhesives are animal glue, casein and the like.

Useful synthetic polymer latexes are polymer latexes that meet the above criteria and are aqueous colloidal suspensions of polymer particles obtained by emulsion polymerization. Colloidal suspensions are usually stabilized by the addition of one or more suitable surfactants.

Suitable latexes are, for example, based on copolymers of styrene-butadiene copolymers, acrylic copolymers, butadiene acrylonitrile polymers, vinylidene chloride copolymers, vinyl chloride copolymers and vinyl alkanoates (e.g. vinyl acetate). I did it.

If the polymer latex has carboxyl functionality, beneficial results are obtained. Suitable amounts of carboxyl functional groups are from 0.01 to 25% by weight of the polymer. Carboxyl functional groups are obtained by containing at least one alpha, beta-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and other polymerizable monomers used in the above-described latex preparation.

Suitable carboxylic acid monomers contain 3 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule. Such acid monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, alpha-chloroacrylic acid, alpha-cyanoacrylic acid, crotonic acid, beta-acryloxypropionic acid, hydrosorbic acid, sorbic acid, alpha-chlorosorbic acid, cinnamic acid, Beta-styrylacrylic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, mesaconic acid and aconitic acid. Beneficial results can be obtained with carboxylic acid monomers containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule (eg acrylic acid and methacrylic acid).

Satisfactory results are obtained when the additive is a latex of styrene-butadiene copolymer with carboxyl functionality. Such copolymers are typically polymerized from 40 to 70 weight percent styrene, 15 to 40 weight percent butadiene, and 0.1 to 20 weight percent carboxylic acid monomers, based on the copolymer.

Acrylic copolymers are typically polymerized polymers of one or more alkyl acrylates having 1 to 8 carbon atoms per alkyl residue with one or more monomers copolymerizable therewith. Alkyl acrylates are advantageously those having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms per alkyl moiety. Examples of alkyl acrylates include butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, heptyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, nonyl acrylate, decyl acrylate and various isomers of these acrylates (e.g. isooctyl acrylate and 2- Ethylhexyl acrylate).

If the additive is an acrylic copolymer or interpolymer polymerized with 40 to 80% by weight of one or more alkyl acrylates and 20 to 60% by weight of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable therewith, satisfactory results are obtained. .

Examples of copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers include alpha-olefins having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, vinyl esters of alkanoic acids having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (e.g. vinyl acetate and octoate), ethyl and methyl esters of methacrylic acid, styrene, and Vinyl chloride.

Vinyl chloride latexes containing vinyl chloride homopolymers or interpolymers of vinyl chloride also provide satisfactory results. Vinyl chloride interpolymers are typically polymerized from 50 to 97% by weight of vinyl chloride, and from 3 to 50% by weight of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable therewith. Examples of copolymerizable monomers are the alkyl acrylates described above, the vinyl esters of the alkanoic acids described above, the alkyl esters of methacrylic acid having 1 to 4 carbon atoms per alkyl moiety, and vinylidene chloride.

Latexes are generally prepared by emulsion polymerization with anionic or nonionic surfactants or mixtures thereof. Suitable anionic surfactants are sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium diamyl self succinate, sodium self succinate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium doteyl benzene sulfonate. Examples of nonionic surfactants are nonyl or octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol condensates which may have an ethylene oxide content of 5 to 50 moles. Typically, two or more of these nonionic surfactants can be used. Conventional polymerization methods are used to produce the latex.

Polymeric latexes containing up to 60% by weight based on total solid polymer can be conveniently sprayed. In order to obtain optimal results, a solid concentration of 35 to 55% is preferred.

Any spraying method capable of spraying the additive can be used. Thus, the particular spray method is not critical to the production of the improved dunze particles of the present invention. Therefore, air, airless or aerosol systems can be used.

These are recommended because they can minimize the haze and overspray of the adhesive to the ambient atmosphere due to low fluid release rates and low spray pressures. The most suitable fluid discharge system is an airless atomizer with an air pump attached. Other suitable sprayers are pressurized vessels and peristaltic pumps assembled with conventional air sprayers.

The additive to be sprayed is usually supplied to the sprayer at a rate of 50 to 500 wet g / min, preferably 100 to 400 wet g / min. The required spray pressure will be proportional to the adhesive release rate and is typically 35 to 550, preferably 70 to 550 kilopascals.

Application of additives to foamed turn-on particles is not limited to spraying apparatuses and methods using such spraying apparatuses. Thus, the additive may be applied by brush, roller or other method when a sufficient amount of additive is applied to the throw particles.

When prepared and dried prior to packaging, the improved dunze particles can be made simple to use by applying hard water mist or steam spray to their surfaces. Haze or spraying may be applied to the improved dunze particles prior to, concurrent with or after addition to the packaging container. If the improved dunze particles are agglomerated with each other, such as when the improved dunze particles are reused, advantageously, the additives are wetted sufficiently by misting and spraying so that the improved dunze particles can be used individually or in small clumps. can be separated by clump.

When the additive provides a peel strength of at least 1.5 g / cm under the modified peel test described below, the additive is acceptable. The additive advantageously provides a peel strength of at least 9 g / cm. The additive preferably provides a peel strength of at least 40 g / cm. The additive most preferably provides a peel strength of at least 150 g / cm. Larger peel strengths are also allowed but not required.

Another method of determining whether an additive is acceptable is to measure the total sedimentation value under the modified vibrational sedimentation test described below. The total sedimentation value is less than 65, but advantageously less than 45, preferably less than 30 and most preferably less than 25.

The above peel strength and total sedimentation value are easily obtained with an additive amount of 1400 to 6000 g of wetting additive per m ³ of foamed dunze material. Advantageous results are obtained with an additive amount of 1600-3400 g of wetting additive per m ³ of foamed dunze material.

An amount of additive of 6000 g or more of the wet additive per m ^{3 of the} dunze material will satisfactorily modify the coefficient of friction of the foamed dunze material. That is, the amount of the wet additive of 10,000 g or more of the wet additive per m ³ of the dunze material may be used according to the present invention. However, this amount is excessive and undesirable for various reasons, such as cost efficiency, uneconomical drying speed and damage to the product to be packaged.

Additive amounts of less than 1400 g of wetting additive per m ^{3 of} foamed dunze material are usually undesirable because they do not provide sufficient coverage of the foamed dunze material.

One advantage of the improved dunze particles of the present invention is that they provide lower vibration settling values than conventional dunze particles. That is, product movement through the improved dunze particles is less than with conventional dunze particles.

A second advantage is that when used for packaging, the improved dunze particles provide reproducible elastic properties. Conventional throw particles provide irregular elastic properties. Reproducibility is extremely desirable for packaging.

A third advantage is that when the additives are adhesives, glues, pressing cements, etc., the improved dunze particles of the present invention tend to adhere to each other until they are separated. It is known that conventional dunze particles do not tend to adhere to each other and are pushed to the edge of the package and scatter on the surface on which the package is placed. Collecting scattered Duneze particles is uneconomical. Depending on the amount of additive, the improved dunze particles can be removed from the package as small clumps of several particles or as rather large chunks of a few particles.

A fourth advantage is that a wide range of packaging can be obtained by varying the amount of additive used in the improved dunze particles. That is, it is possible to provide improved dunze particles that meet specific needs. For ordinary dunze particles, the range of the packageability is very narrow.

These advantages are achieved by relatively low amounts of additives. Applying additives to dunze particles is neither complicated nor expensive. When a small amount of the additive is used, the drying time is short, thereby minimizing the inconvenience in the conventional packaging handling method.

[Modified Peeling Test]

1101)로서 다우 케미칼 캄파니가 시판하고 있다. 폭 2.54cm 및 33cm 크기의 샘플을 필름으로부터 절단하여 후자의 칫수를 기계방향으로 둔다.General purpose polystyrene films with one surface sulfonated are used for the peel test. The film has a thickness of 6.35 micrometers and is under the trademark Tricite 1101 (Trycite).

1101) is commercially available from Dow Chemical Company. Samples of widths of 2.54 cm and 33 cm are cut from the film and the latter dimension is placed in the machine direction.

The sample is subjected to the peel test in the following manner. Using # 10 Meyer sticks, one end of the sulfonated side of the film sample is coated with about 10 cm with the additive to be tested. The film sample is then superimposed and contacted with the portion covering the equivalent distance of the sulfonated side from the other end of the sample. The film sample is then placed in the desiccator for 72 hours. Desiccators have a relative humidity of 17 to 20% and a set temperature of 21 to 24 ° C.

After the time elapses, the sample is removed from the desiccator. The sample has a combined end and a loop end. The loop ends are then cut to produce two free ends of approximately equal length. This free end was not coated with any additives.

Peel strength is measured using an Instron Universal Testing Machine, Model No. 1123. Instron testing machines have two sets of jaws that are spaced apart from each other. One set of jaws is fixed and attached to the machine. Another set of jaws is attached to a load cell attached to the machine's fluidized bed crosshea.

The free end of the sample is placed in two sets of encounters. One free end is fixed by the encounter of a fixed set. The second free end is secured by a set of jaws attached to the load cell. The crosshead of the machine is actuated to separate the set of jaws attached to the load cell from the set of jaws fixed at a speed of 200 or 254 mm / min. The speed of the crosshead does not affect the peel strength. Pull the sample until it is separated to the full distance. The load cell shows the peel strength for the sample.

[Vibration sedimentation test]

The purpose of this test is to determine whether a product packaged in a dunze material moves due to vibration, and if so, how far it moves. This test is a variation of the vibration sedimentation test (see, eg, US Patent Application PPP-C-1683, Section 4.9 for expanded polystyrene loose-fill cushioning material).

Approximately 57,000 cm ³ of dunze material is placed in a top-opened box. The box is 100 cm long, 60 cm wide and 60 cm high. Place a 0.635 cm mesh screen on the opening of the box.

Dyes to be tested for improved friction using a Craftsman Model 919.1561410 spray gun, available from Sears, Roebuck and Co., capable of air-mixing internal or external fluids. The mixture of additives is sprayed onto the dunze material through the screen. Dye is used to visually check the coverage of the additives on the dunze material. The spray gun has a reservoir for storing the mixture for use of the mixture on the dunze material. The reservoir is pressurized with 275 kilopascal gaze to provide a flow rate of about 0.11 liters of mixture per minute. Provide sufficient blowing force for the flow rate to mix the dunze material with the box.

Visually inspect the dunze material and continue spraying until a generally homogeneous coating of the mixture is indicated on the dunze material.

Spray rate (additive wet g / min) is varied by the additive to be applied. In other words, changing the density of the additive also changes the spray rate. For example, an additive having a specific gravity of about 1.0 at 24 ° C., when applied using a spray gun as described above in a pressure 275 kilopascal gauge, adds about 100 to about 140 additives for a typical flow rate of 125 wet g / min of additive. It has a flow rate of wet g / min.

A cardboard test box of 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm of internal dimensions is half filled with a coated dunze material. A load box with an outer dimension of 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm and weighing 2.4 or 7.3 kg is placed in the test box and a 7.6 cm (± 2.54 cm) gap is made between the top of the test box and the top of the load box. Load 1035 N / m2 using a 2.4 kg load box. Load 3105 N / m 2 using a 7.3 kg load box.

An additional amount of coated dunze material is added to the test box and filled to the top of the test box. Following the recommended packaging guidelines for foamed thermoplastic loose-fill throw material, the test box is overfilled in the form of a pyramid or crown of coated throw material. The crown has a depth of about 2.54 cm, which is measured from the top of the test box to the top of the crown. It is then sealed with the lid of the box and glued with fiberglass-reinforced tape.

After sealing, the test box and their contents are dried at 21 ± 9 ° C. for about 16 hours. No special control of humidity or temperature is attempted during drying.

A small hole 0.356 cm in diameter is made in the upper center of the test box.

Insert a stiff piece of 0.356 cm diameter stainless steel wire into the hole and push it through the dunze material until it comes in contact with the top of the load box. Measure the wire length between the top of the test box and the top of the load box and record as "initial movement value".

The test box and its contents are placed on a table capable of oscillating at a frequency of 4.5 Hertz and moving vertically to 2.54 cm. This table is manufactured as MTS Series 840 (servohydraulic vibration test system) and can be purchased from MTS Systems Corporation.

This table has a surface that accepts a 90 cm square sample on one side. Internal threaded holes with a diameter of 0.953 cm are machined at each corner of the sample receiving surface. Connect an external threaded rod to each threaded hole. Four rubber strips 66 cm long, 1.91 cm wide and 0.64 cm thick, with hooks attached to each end thereof, are connected between adjacent threaded bars to form a perimeter boundary around the table. Four rubber strips known as boundary strips are separated on the table surface at a distance of about 13 cm. Two additional strips identical to other rubber strips are connected to opposite boundary strips to divide the sample into four equal square sample support areas with the receiving surface.

Four test boxes of approximately equal weight and made as described above are placed on the sample receiving surface. Place one of the test boxes within each sample support area. The test box is not fixed to the table as instructed (see US Patent Application PPP-C-1683, Section 4.9). The test box shall have approximately the same weight to maintain a balanced load on the table.

Four test boxes are placed on each of these sample support areas and then the table is run. After 30 minutes, the table is stopped. Insert the same stiff part of the wire into the hole once again until it comes in contact with the top of the load box. The length of the wire between the top of the test box and the top of the load box is measured and recorded as "final movement value".

Convert the increase in length from the initial shift to the final shift in% and report as "% settling".

It was found that the settling% value of the 3105 N / m 2 load (7.3 kg load box) was much greater than the settling% value of the 1035 N / m 2 load (2.4 kg load aza). To determine the pass-fail meaning, the total sedimentation value is calculated. The total sedimentation value is obtained by multiplying the sedimentation value of 1035 N / m 2 load by the correction factor of 6.71, and then calculating this value by adding the 3105 N / m 2 load sedimentation value.

The following experiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Numerous additives are evaluated for suitability using the "peel test" and "vibration sedimentation test" described above. Table I describes the additives along with the outlined codes for these additives. Table II describes the peel test data and vibration settling test for each control with no additives applied. The Dunges material used for the vibration sedimentation test was a foamed polystyrene particulate material sold by Dow Chemical Company under the tradename Pellaspan-Pak ^™ , which particles had an average minimum transverse length of about 1.27 cm (0.5 inch) and It has an average maximum cross length of about 2.86 cm (1.125 inches).

TABLE 1a

Additive Check

TABLE 1b

TABLE 2

Examination data

Vibration sedimentation test

sedimentation%

* Comparative experiment not the present invention

From the data provided in Table II, it is clear that there is a difference between the various additives. Some additives such as A3, A4, A7 to A9, A11, A12 and A13 excellently reduce the total sedimentation of the dunze material. Other additives such as A1 and A2 actually promote sedimentation, as indicated by increased total sedimentation.

The reduction in total settling value is desirable because the dunze material thereby effectively gives the elasticity of the packaged product.

Claims (10)

An amount of friction-enhancing additive that can improve frictional force attached to at least most of the outer surface of most dunze particles (this additive provides improved elastic properties to the filler and the product is Decreases the tendency to migrate, and has an average maximum transverse length of at least 1.27 cm (0.5 inches) of Dunes particles, wherein the Dunes particles heat the foam pellets to an elevated temperature sufficient for the foam pellets to foam; And a plurality of elastic and thermoplastic foamed synthetic resin particles. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein the dunze particles contain at least about 70% by weight of at least one alkenyl aromatic compound in (a) chemically bonded form, (b) an aliphatic olefin polymer having 2 carbon atoms per molecule Fillers made from a synthetic resin material selected from the group consisting of (c) a halogenated aliphatic olefin polymer, and (c) a halogenated aliphatic olefin polymer. The filler of claim 1 wherein the friction-enhancing additive is selected from the group consisting of synthetic polymer latex, pressure-sensitive adhesives, glues, low molecular weight polymers, waxes, tack cements, urethane adhesives, starch adhesives and proteinaceous adhesives. 4. The polymer of claim 3 wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene copolymers, acrylic copolymers, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, vinylidene chloride copolymers, vinyl chloride copolymers and vinyl alkanoate copolymers. Filler which is a synthetic latex containing. The filler according to claim 3, wherein the polymer is polymerized in an amount of 40 to 70% by weight of styrene, 15 to 40% by weight of butadiene, and 0.1 to 20% by weight of acrylic acid (based on the weight of the polymer). The filler according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the additive is 1400 to 6000 g of the wetting additive per m 3 of foamed dunze particles. 4. The filler according to claim 3, wherein the additive provides a peel strength of at least 1.5 g / cm and a total settling value of less than 65. Providing a large number of foamed particles having an average maximum transverse length of at least 1.27 cm, applying an amount of friction-enhancing additive to at least a majority of the outer surface portion of the majority of foamed particles, wherein the foaming property is foamable Heating the foamable pellet to an elevated temperature sufficient for the pellet to foam, the method of producing a filler in the form of foamed dunze particles. (a) providing a packaging container of sufficient size to have one or more walls, top and bottom, and to contain one or more products to be packaged and a sufficient amount of filler particles to space the product from the top, bottom and walls of the container, (b) adding to the packaging container an amount of improved filler particles sufficient to provide a layer of suitable thickness that separates the product to be packed from the bottom of the container, and (c) placing the product to be packaged on the layer of filler particles, ( d) an additional amount of improved filler particles in the packaging container, which amount is added to the perimeter, between, and the top of the product to separate the product from the walls and top of the container and from other products, where the additional amount is applied to the packaging container. Should be sufficient to slightly exceed), and then (e) pressing down from the top of the excess A method of packaging a product comprising sealing an inner, the amount of frictional force-enhancing additive capable of improving frictional force attached to at least most of the outer surface portions of the majority of the dunze particles, the additive being improved in the filler. Elastic and thermoplastic foamed synthetic resin particles having a mean maximum transverse length of at least 1.27 cm (0.5 inch), wherein the product provides elastic properties and reduces the tendency of the product to migrate by the particle particles. Dunes particles are prepared by a method comprising heating the foam pellets to an elevated temperature sufficient for the foam pellets to foam). 10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step (c) the first deformable sheet material is placed on a quantity of dunze particles, and then the product to be packaged is placed on the first sheet material and the second deformable sheet material is placed on the product to be packaged. How to include.