KR870000590B1 - Polyester weaving and knitting making method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method to make new polyester was described. Thus, a polyester (viscosity=0.645) contg. 2 wt.% 40m micron-size amorphous silica was mixed with a polyester (viscosity=0.495) copolymerized with 7mol% sulfonate salt at 50 denier/24 filament to give a 3-fibril complex fiber. After the fiber was extended at the rate of 1300m/min at 73≰C, the final product showed the properties of shearing force=3.8g/d, elasticity=28%, and U%=2.4%.

Description

Novel polyester fabrics, knitted fabrics

Figure 1a, b is a cross-sectional view of the composite fiber produced by the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of the manufacturing process of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an illustration of the spinneret apparatus used in the present invention.

4A and 4B are cross sectional views of the spinneret as sectional views taken along line X-X 'of FIG.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a woven and knitted fabric having the advantages of polyester while combining the modification, composite spinning and yarn processing techniques of a polyester polymer, exhibiting a silky structure similar to the structure and properties of silk.

Original silk is usually composed of 70-75% fibroin and 25-30% sericin. Fibroin is composed of two transparent triangular fibers of 1.2 denier and sericin is removed from the refining process to preserve the characteristics of the silk.

The fibroin structure is a porous fiber composed of numerous microfibrils and has a nonuniform thickness in the fiber axis direction and a natural winding.

The silk yarn has an elegant luster due to the transparent substrate and triangular cross-section of the fibroin. By giving a sense of thickness while giving a flexible and elastic touch.

In addition, it has a low refractive index and easy dyeing with acid dyes, so it has good color development and has a natural sense due to uneven fineness and winding.

Several attempts have been made to approach the properties of these silks in the manufacture of conventional synthetic fibers, in particular polyester filaments.

For example, US Pat. No. 2939201 et al. Attempted to show the elegant gloss and innocence of a dog by using a polyester fiber cross section as a triangle. After that, a method of adjusting the fiber cross section to four and five angles or adjusting the kurtosis was attempted. The fiber was aged to about 0.7 denier to improve drape.

However, the method produced in this way could not satisfactorily show the aesthetic abundance because of the metallic luster.

Afterwards, the process of dissolving soda was developed and applied to the industry in order to make the gloss and elegance by forming voids between the fibers and imparting pupils on the surface of the fibers, but there were considerable difficulties in quality control and process control.

In the U.S. Patent No. 3117362, Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-18933, etc., if the shrinkage ratio is different or the fine fibers are mixed and processed, the fine loops appear on the fabric due to the difference in fiber properties and the bulkiness is improved. It is introduced to have a soft feeling of elasticity with a sense of thickness.

However, this technique is also insufficient to express the luxury and sensual appearance of the present dog, especially for the production of products aiming for uniform and delicate side effects.

The present inventors are almost similar in structure and properties of silk fibers, and while fully exhibiting the aesthetics, they have been able to develop special polyester fibers having the characteristics of polyester fibers in terms of functionalities such as washing resistance, wash and wear resistance, fusitivity, and durability. With this in mind, the present invention has been completed.

To summarize the technical content researched and tested to achieve the above object is as follows.

1) The fiber of the present invention is composed of two kinds of polymers composed of sea component and island component, and 3-6 fibrils are arranged in one section as shown in Fig. 1, and the sea component ratio is 15-25 of the whole. % Level.

2) The island component polymer is a polyester resin containing 1-5% by weight of soluble particulate silica in caustic soda having a refractive index of 1.45,

3) Sea component is low-polymer polyester resin copolymerized with 5-10 mole% of sulfonate salt. Intrinsic viscosity is less than 0.5 in 25 ° C Ortho Chloro Phenol solution, and the dissolution rate in caustic soda solution is much faster than that of ceramic. .

4) The draw ratio is 70-80% of the undrawn yarn cutting elongation, and the unstretched portion randomly exists in the filament axial direction.

Described the method for producing a polyester fiber and its features according to the present invention,

The method of preparing a polymer is a chemically inert, alkali-soluble amorphous silica fine particles dispersed in ethylene glycol to make a slurry and high efficiency dispersion in a sand milling device. Make ester resin.

This resin becomes a fibrill component of the fiber of the present invention and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6-0.65.

At this time, the primary particle size of the silica powder is in the range of 16-80mμ, and when removing the sea component in the refining process, some silica on the surface of the fibrils melts and countless pores of 0.1-1μ are generated on the surface, resulting in surface diffuse reflection. As a result, the gloss is softened, and after dyeing, a clear and deep color can be obtained. In addition, the pupil increases the surface friction coefficient, thereby eliminating the defects of the smooth synthetic fibers and causing the distinctive silkiness.

Silica remaining dispersed inside the fiber has a refractive index of 1.45, which brings the light characteristics of polyester with high refractive index closer to the silk, giving a milky soft luster.

The sea component polymer is a polyester copolymerized with 5-10 mole% sulfonate heat in the polyester polymer polymerization process, and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.45-0.50 and a wide range of amorphous regions exist in the molecular structure, such as caustic soda. Easily dissolve in

When the present invention fiber is added to 4% caustic soda solution and kept at 90 ° C, the sea component is completely dissolved within 20 minutes, and the loss of island components is within 5%.

In addition, the melting temperature of the sea component polymer is about 10 ℃ lower than that of the island component polymer, the heat setting temperature is another feature is low.

The polymer resin of the island component and the sea component prepared as described above is dried and spun in a composite spinning machine manufactured separately for the fabrication of the present fiber.

The detailed drawing of the process and the detention apparatus of the compound spinning machine is shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG.

In FIG. 3, the island component is A, the sea component is introduced through B, filtered, and is mixed at X-X 'through a distribution device to form a cross section, and then is discharged through an orifice through a inlet.

At this time, depending on the desired number of fibrils, the dispensing device can be used interchangeably. (See Figure 4)

The yarn discharged through the detention orifice is rehabilitated through a 150mm lower cooling tube, and is fed with a spinning oil to give the yarn accessibility and smoothness, and then wound at a speed of 1000m / min-1500m / min through the induction roller. .

The cross section of the fiber obtained here is as shown to FIG. 1 a, b.

In the cross section of the figure, the sea component occupies 15-25% of the total area. If the sea component is removed in the refining process after weaving, only the island component remains. At this time, silica fine particles dispersed on the surface of the island component are also eluted to remove fibrils on the uneven surface. Get In addition, the fibril fineness is about 0.3-0.5 denier per unit, and it is possible to obtain a micro-shaped cross section having a large degree of release and a sharp attachment, which is hardly obtained by a general spinning method, and the number of filaments is increased by 3-6 times.

By removing the sea component, the fiber becomes extremely fine, drape property is extremely good, and the number of filaments is increased, and the parts are kept intact, voids are generated between the fibers and the binding force is reduced, so that they can be soft, flexible, thick, and have sensual elasticity. do.

In addition, the cross section of the fibril fiber has a high kurtosis triangular cross section, and the surface is irregular and the optical characteristics of the internal silica particles give a soft and elegant gloss to enhance the appearance of the fabric.

Here, since the sea component and the island component are the same polyester resin, the adhesive property is good, and even if the sea component does not surround the island component, the operability is not deteriorated by the division in the post-processing such as drawing, flamming and twisting. High release cross section can be obtained.

Because of this morphology, it is possible to at least reduce the amount of sea components to be eluted.

In drawing the thus drawn non-drawn yarn, a general hot drawing machine may be used.

The unstretched yarn wound on the drum is stretched at a constant magnification between the feed roller, which is heated to the secondary transition temperature of the sea component at a thermal roller with a constant tension, and then rotates faster than the thermal roller.

The drawn yarn is wound on the bobbin at a speed of 500-900 m / min in the lower winding device.

At this time, in order to obtain the fineness nonuniformity and random microskeletal effect, which is one of the characteristics of the dog, the drawing ratio is slightly higher than the natural drawing ratio and lower than the maximum drawing magnification, and it is stretched to about 70-80% of the undrawn yarn cutting line. As a result, it is characterized by taking a condition that the minute unstretched portion is randomly distributed.

The stretching temperature is in the range of 65-75 ° C based on the secondary transition temperature of the sea component to promote non-uniform stretching of fibrils.

Thus, by adjusting the draw ratio and draw temperature mutually, it is possible to adjust the state of occurrence of the undrawn portion.

The distribution of the unstretched portion can be easily determined by staining the stretched yarn with an optical microscope. The length of the unstretched portion is within 1 mm and the thickness is 20-25% larger than that of the normal stretched portion, and the distribution is 5 per 25 mm. Random distribution of about -10 results in the best lateral form.

This fiber has different shrinkages of the stretched and unstretched portions of the fibrils with respect to heat, and the dye is randomly nonuniform.

When the fiber is heat treated under 95 ° C × 20 minutes in the state of complete relaxation after weaving or knitting, irregular micro winding occurs on the surface of the knitted fabric, giving the silk its natural appearance and soft texture.

Another processing characteristic of the fiber of the present invention is the side effect which has been difficult to obtain with polyester fiber. In general, the silk gives a torque to give and give the torque, the sericin is fixed, the torque is latent and weaved, then the sericin is removed to reproduce the strong torque to give a delicate and uniform crepe on the fabric surface.

For ordinary polyester fibers, ointment is applied at a temperature of 80-90 ° C and the torque is reproduced at high temperature after weaving.

In the case of the fiber of the present invention, by fixing the sea component at a low temperature and softening and removing the sea component after weaving, the torque is reproduced so that the torque is large and the crepe density is high, so that delicate and uniform side effects such as silk can be obtained.

In general, the relaxation heat treatment process for removing microvoluntary expression and the process of removing the sea component can be effected simultaneously in one process.

The characteristics of the present invention polyester fabric, knitted fabric produced as described above

1) After removing sea component, fibrill has countless pupils of 0.1-1μ size on the surface and transparent silica particles with refractive index similar to that of the inside, so that the surface reflected light is soft and color development is good, and it gives clear and deep color. In addition, the light entering the interior is balanced by scattering reflection transmission, resembling the characteristics of the dog, giving off a milky elegant luster.

2) The cross section of the fibrils is a triangular section with a pointed end, and the surface has irregularities so that the coefficient of friction is high and the texture is firm.

3) When removing sea component, fibrill's fineness is 0.3 ~ 0.5 denier, fibril number is increased 3-6 times, and sea component is removed while maintaining volume, so voids are generated between fibers and therefore the binding force between fibers is low Becomes

Therefore, while there is a sense of thickness in the fabric state, it has a drape and a good elasticity. In addition, air gaps are contained in the inter-fiber voids, so that the insulation is excellent.

4) In particular, it can be fixed at low temperature without affecting fibril properties after twisting in the manufacture of woven fabrics. Therefore, high torque is generated when sea component is removed, and the fineness is low, so delicate and uniform side effects are obtained.

5) Stretched yarn The unstretched part finely distributed in the lateral direction shows a random microspun side on the fabric surface during the relaxation heat treatment after weaving, giving a sensual touch of the spun like, and the shrinkage rate increases to add a sense of thickness.

Example 1

It is a sea component of a polyester resin with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.495 in which a polyester resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.645 containing 2 wt% of alkali-soluble amorphous silica particles having a size of primary particles of 40 mμ is copolymerized with 7 mol% of sulfonate salt. As a result, a composite fiber having a three-fibrils cross-sectional shape as shown in Fig. 1a was spun with 50 denier / 24 filaments.

The seafood component ratio was determined to be 23%.

The undrawn yarn wound at a spinning speed of 1300 m / min was stretched in a Japanese ISHIKAWA thermal stretching machine at a temperature of 73 ° C. and a stretching ratio of 2.78 times.

At this time, the operation of spinning was very good and the properties of the stretched yarn were as follows.

Cutting strength: 3.8g / d

Elongation at break: 28%

Boiling Water Shrinkage: 12%

U%: 2.4%

Undrawn section distribution: Average 8 / 25㎜

Example 2

The fiber obtained in Example 1) was twisted at 2200T / M and fixed at 70 ° C. in a vacuum fixing device, and then wefted. The filament which had not been twisted was used as a warp yarn with a light density of 69 bones / cm and a gas density of 39 bones / cm. Crepede Chine fabric was woven.

The woven fabric was subjected to 95% × 20 minutes of slow heating in a caustic soda solution of 35g / 1 with a continuous refiner, and 25% of the weight loss was removed to remove sea components, preset for 180 ℃ × 45 seconds, and finally set for 160 ℃ × 45 seconds after dyeing. .

At this time, the operability of the weaving or weaving process was good, and the processed fabric showed the soft and elastic high-quality silk fabric with delicate crepe on the surface closely.

In addition, the fabric had a characteristic of a polyester fabric with good wrinkle resistance and good washing resistance.

Example 3

75 denier / 24 filament yarns were produced in the cross section as shown in Fig. 1b, in which the resin used in Example 1 was used as a detoxification component and six fibrils in short fibers were arranged.

At this time, the sea component ratio was 18%.

The undrawn yarn wound at a spinning speed of 1300 m / min was stretched in an ISHIKAWA thermal stretching machine at a temperature of 75 ° C. and a draw ratio of 2.69 times.

At this time, the operability of the radial stretching was very good, and the drawing break rate was 1.0%.

Stretched material properties are as follows.

Cutting strength: 4.2g / d

Elongation at break: 30%

Boiling Water Shrinkage: 13%

U%: 2.2%

Undrawn part distribution: 8 pieces / 25㎜

Single thread fineness after dissolution: 0.4 denier

Example 4

The fabric obtained in Example 3) was used as a theodolite, and the fabric was woven into the flat bud.

After weaving the thermite density of 35 bones / cm × 35 bones / cm, we relaxed and heat treated at 95 ℃ × 15 minutes in a continuous refiner, and then 20% reduction treatment at 30g / 1NaOH reducing tank at 95 ℃ × 20 minutes to remove the sea component. .

The fibers of the processed paper, which were dyed at 130 ° C for 45 minutes and finally set at 160 ° C for 45 seconds, were observed by electron microscopy.

The blend of processed fabrics was soft and thick, showing the blend of elastic dogs, giving a clear and elegant luster.

Comparative Example 1

The fabric obtained by weaving the same tissue as that of Example 1) using a normal polyester 50-day / 36 filament was reduced by 25% in a 35 g / 1 NaOH aqueous solution at 95 ° C. for 50 minutes, and dyed and processed. The fabric fabric characteristics were compared.

Compared with Examples, the processed fabric obtained in the Comparative Example exhibits a metallic gloss and has no dignity, low thickness, and poor drape.

In addition, the surface of the fabric is flat and slippery, and it can be seen that there is no aesthetic appearance such as silk.

Claims (3)

Primary resin size of 16-80 mμ and optical refractive index of 1.45 amorphous silica powder containing 1 to 5% by weight of the resin component, containing 5 to 10% by weight of sulfonate salt intrinsic viscosity of 0.5 or less Composite spinning with polyester resin as a sea component is drawn in the range of 70-80% of the elongation of unstretched yarn at 65 ℃ -75 ℃, and 3-6 flat components are arranged in the circumferential direction in the fiber cross section. A method for producing a novel polyester woven or knitted fabric comprising a polyester filament yarn having a sea component occupying 15-25% of the total cross-sectional area between the island components as a yarn, and then treated with a caustic soda solution and heat treated. The method for producing a novel polyester woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the woven fabric is treated with a caustic soda solution of 4% or less. The method for producing a novel polyester woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the woven fabric is heat treated in a fully relaxed state.

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