KR20240040960A - Method and apparatus for manufacturing waste plastic reusable bricks using heat compression - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and device for manufacturing bricks by reusing waste plastic. More specifically, the waste plastic is pulverized, and the heating temperature can be set according to preset conditions according to the main components of the pulverized waste plastic and heated. It relates to a method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heated compression, which can produce bricks by compression by mixing additives with heated waste plastic according to a preset ratio.
This invention includes a pulverizing step in which waste plastic is pulverized; A heating step in which the waste plastic pieces pulverized in the pulverizing step are heated according to preset conditions; A mixing step in which additives are mixed with the waste plastic pieces heated in the heating step according to a preset ratio; and a molding step in which the waste plastic pieces mixed with additives in the mixing step are molded into bricks according to preset conditions.

Description

{Method and apparatus for manufacturing waste plastic reusable bricks using heat compression}

The present invention relates to a method and device for manufacturing bricks by reusing waste plastic. More specifically, the waste plastic is pulverized, and the heating temperature can be set according to preset conditions according to the main components of the pulverized waste plastic and heated. It relates to a method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heated compression, which can produce bricks by compression by mixing additives with heated waste plastic according to a preset ratio.

The most widely used material in everyday life today may be plastic.

Plastics can be organic-based polymer materials and mixtures thereof that can be molded by heat or pressure. They are light, have excellent physical properties, are inexpensive, and can be shaped into various shapes by heat or pressure.

Products widely used in our daily lives include films, synthetic fibers, bottles, tubes, and toys.

The biggest problem with plastic, which is widely used, is that it takes a long time for natural decomposition when discarded after use, making it very difficult to dispose of, making it one of the main causes of environmental pollution, including soil and oceans.

Globally, the recycling rate of waste plastic is known to be 30 to 40%, and 60 to 70% is landfilled and incinerated. In Korea, the recycling rate is only about 20%.

Many methods for recycling waste plastic are being researched and developed.

There are three major recycling methods for waste plastic.

It can be divided into material recovery, which uses waste plastic itself as a raw material for recycling, fuel recycling, which uses waste plastic as a form of energy, and emulsification, which chemically decomposes waste plastic and turns it back into raw materials or oil.

The problem with these conventional recycling methods is that waste plastics are composed of various materials such as PE, PP, PET, PVC, and ABS, so even if the same material is recycled, technologies and processes must be applied differently for each material depending on the processing method and additives used. This makes recycling of waste plastic difficult.

In particular, the biggest advantage of plastic is its low price, so the cost of recycling is higher than the manufacturing cost of plastic.

Accordingly, the need for a waste plastic recycling method with a simple process and low cost is increasing.

KR 10-2022-0117546 A KR 10-2021-0000932 A

The present invention was invented to improve the above-mentioned problems. A shredder is used to crush the waste plastic to form waste plastic pieces, and a heating mixer is used to heat the waste plastic pieces in three stages according to preset conditions. They are separated and heated, and inorganic additives are mixed with the heated waste plastic pieces at a preset ratio, and a compression molding machine is used to mold the waste plastic pieces with the additives mixed into bricks. The heat compression process is simple and the cost of the process is low. The purpose is to provide a manufacturing method and device for recycled waste plastic bricks.

The object of the present invention is not limited to the objects mentioned above, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood from the description below.

A pulverizing step in which waste plastic according to the present invention is pulverized to achieve the above object; A heating step in which the waste plastic pieces pulverized in the pulverizing step are heated according to preset conditions; A mixing step in which additives are mixed with the waste plastic pieces heated in the heating step according to a preset ratio; and a molding step in which the waste plastic pieces mixed with additives in the mixing step are molded into bricks according to preset conditions.

In addition, the heating step is characterized by being divided into three stages with different heating temperatures depending on the main components of the waste plastic pieces.

In addition, the additive mixed in the mixing step is characterized by using an inorganic additive in which processing additives, anti-aging agents, phase and safety additives are mixed in the same ratio.

In addition, the molding step is characterized in that a compression molding machine is used, and molding is performed at a compression strength of 0.1 to 1.0 kg/cm² and a mold temperature of 20 to 60 degrees.

In addition, bricks formed by a method of manufacturing recycled waste plastic bricks using heat compression are characterized by having a plurality of holes on the top, bottom, left and right sides.

The present invention with the above configuration can expect the following effects.

It becomes possible for waste plastic to be reused to form bricks.

The materials used in conventional brick manufacturing were a mixture of cement, soil, and water to produce bricks, but there was a problem in that a large amount of cement and soil was consumed, and the price of the materials was high, resulting in high manufacturing costs.

However, in the present invention, cement and soil are not used, and waste plastic is used to make bricks.

Waste plastic is reused, making it possible to avoid environmental pollution caused by waste plastic during brick manufacturing.

In the past, when recycling waste plastic, there was a problem that different processes were required depending on the ingredients, processing methods, and additives.

However, the present invention is not divided according to ingredients, processing methods, and additives, and can be recycled in one process.

Regardless of ingredients, processing methods, and additives, waste plastic is crushed and heated to melt the waste plastic.

Waste plastic melted by heating can be mixed with additives and molded into high-quality, durable bricks.

Molds are used to make it possible for bricks to be formed by compression.

At this time, it is possible to form bricks of various shapes due to the model of the mold used.

Figure 1 shows the overall process of a method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the setting conditions of the heating step, mixing step, and forming step of the method and device for manufacturing a reused waste plastic brick using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an exemplary view of a brick formed in a method and apparatus for manufacturing a reused waste plastic brick using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the overall process of the manufacturing method and device for waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 shows the overall process of waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the setting conditions of the heating step, mixing step, and molding step of the manufacturing method and device, and Figure 3 is an example of a brick molded in the method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. .

The method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a crushing step (S100), a heating step (S200), a mixing step (S300), and a forming step ( S400).

First, we look at the waste plastic that is recycled using the above components.

Plastic is a general term for polymer compounds that can be molded with heat and pressure. It can be easily made at a low cost, is strong and light, and can be formed in various shapes and colors.

It may be possible for these plastics to be composed of a variety of ingredients.

In detail, it may be possible to largely divide the main components of plastic into HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS, PVC, PET, and nylon.

To explain in detail the main components of plastic, HDPE is a high-density polyethylene that is safe for toxicity and is harmless to the human body. It is mainly used in detergent bottles, shampoo bottles, and children's toys, has a high heat resistance temperature of 70 to 100 degrees, and is recyclable. It may be possible to classify it as plastic.

Next, LDPE is a low-density polyethylene that is less hard than HDPE, has transparent characteristics, is easy to process, and is a flexible material. It is mainly used in plastic bags, plastic gloves, cup noodle containers, and milk cartons, and is classified as a plastic that is difficult to recycle. It may be possible.

Next, PP is polypropylene, which is lightweight and durable, and has a very high heat resistance temperature of 120 to 165 degrees, so it does not deform or generate environmental hormones even at high temperatures, so it is mainly used in airtight containers, kitchen utensils, and delivery containers. It is a recyclable plastic. A distinction may be possible.

Next, PS is polystyrene, which is very cheap, light, and easy to mold, so it has very high utilization, but it is characterized by a heat resistance temperature of 70 to 90 degrees and is weak to heat. It is mainly used in Styrofoam, disposable cutlery, and disposable cups, and is classified as a plastic that is difficult to recycle. It could be possible.

Next, PVC is polyvinyl chloride, which is characterized by being inexpensive and very easy to mold. It is mainly used in artificial leather, bags, raincoats, and wire coverings. It is very difficult to recycle due to the use of many additives, and environmental problems occur when disposed of. It may be possible.

Next, PET is polyethylene terephthalate, which is transparent, lightweight, and has the characteristics of blocking carbon dioxide gas and oxygen well. It is mainly produced as PET bottles. It is manufactured in various shapes, sizes, and colors, and can be recycled depending on the color and additives used. It may be possible for things to change.

Lastly, nylon is a composite material that is made up of nylon, a synthetic fiber, as its main ingredient. It is lightweight, has excellent wear resistance and self-lubrication, and is mainly used in mechanical parts such as gears, bearings, and cams. It is classified as a plastic that is difficult to recycle due to the composite material. It may be possible.

Next, look at the grinding step (S100).

In the pulverizing step (S100), waste plastic may be pulverized to form waste plastic pieces.

A shredder 10 is used to form waste plastic pieces, and the size of the pulverized waste plastic pieces may be less than 8 cm.

Additionally, it may be possible for the waste plastic to undergo a classification process (S110) before the waste plastic is pulverized in the pulverizing step (S100).

The composition of waste plastic is very diverse, and it is formed by using one ingredient or multiple ingredients, but even waste plastic formed from the same ingredient has different recyclability and ratio depending on the processing method and added additives. It may be possible.

In the classification process (S110), it may be possible to classify waste plastic according to its recycled content.

Specifically, in the classification process (S110), waste plastics made of components such as HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS, PVC, PET, and nylon are classified and washed to be used in the manufacturing method and device of the present invention. It may be possible.

It may be possible for the waste plastic that has been classified in the classification process (S110) to form waste plastic pieces of 8 cm or less in the crushing step (S100).

Additionally, the shredder 10 in which the waste plastic is shredded in the shredding step (S100) is a commonly used shredder 10, in which the waste plastic flows into the inlet (not shown), and the waste plastic flows into the shredder (not shown). It may be possible for the plastic to be pulverized and the pulverized waste plastic pieces to be discharged through an outlet (not shown).

At this time, the shredder 10 used may be a variety of shredders 10, such as low-speed, medium-speed, and high-speed shredders. The type of shredder 10 used is not limited, and depends on the amount of waste plastic and the size of the work space, etc. It may be desirable to use a type of grinder 10 suitable for various operating requirements.

Next, look at the heating step (S200).

In the heating step (S200), it may be possible to heat the waste plastic pieces formed in the pulverizing step (S100) in a size of 8 cm or less.

In detail, in the heating step (S200), it is possible to melt the waste plastic pieces by reaching the melting point by applying heat at a predetermined temperature rather than directly heating the waste plastic pieces by bringing fire close to them.

At this time, it may be possible to prevent fire from coming close to the waste plastic pieces, so that harmful substances and carcinogens that pollute the environment are not generated.

In the heating step (S200), it may be possible to divide the waste plastic pieces formed in the pulverizing step (S100) into three stages with different heating temperatures depending on the main components of the waste plastic pieces formed in a size of 8 cm or less.

Depending on the main components of waste plastic pieces such as HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS, PVC, PET and nylon, it may be possible to melt the waste plastic by heating it at three stages of heating temperature of 150 degrees, 200 degrees and 270 degrees.

In detail, it may be possible to melt waste plastic by dividing the heating temperature according to the main component as shown in Table 1 below.

heating temperature chief ingredient 150 degrees LDPE, PS, PVC 200 degrees HDPE 270 degrees PP, nylon, PET

Additionally, the heating step (S200) may be performed using a heating mixer (20).

The heating mixer 20 is not limited to a commonly used heating mixer 20, but it may be preferable to use a heating mixer 20 that combines heating and mixing functions.

Next, look at the mixing step (S300).

In the mixing step (S300), it may be possible to mix additives with the melted waste plastic pieces located inside the heating mixer (20) in the heating step (S200) according to a preset ratio.

At this time, the additives to be mixed may be composed of processing additives, anti-aging agents, phase and safety additives.

In detail, in the heating step (S200), additives are mixed with the melted waste plastic pieces located inside the heating mixer 20 according to a preset ratio, and at this time, the mixing ratio of processing additives, anti-aging agents, phase and safety additives. It may be possible to mix in equal proportions.

※Processing additives: Anti-aging agent: Phase and safety additives = 1:1:1

It may be possible to set a ratio when mixing melted waste plastic pieces and additives in the mixing step (S300).

In detail, when mixing melted waste plastic pieces and additives, the mixing ratio may be set to 80 to 85 wt% of melted waste plastic pieces and 15 to 20 wt% of additives.

Additionally, it may be possible to form high-quality bricks in the molding step (S400), which will be described later, by using three processing additives, anti-aging agents, and phase and safety additives.

First, the processing additive used at this time prevents excessive decomposition from occurring in the process of melting waste plastic due to heating in the heating step (S200), and deforms and deforms the bricks formed by sunlight and heat in the forming step (S400), which will be described later. It may be possible for damage to be prevented.

Next, the anti-aging agent plays a role in preventing and delaying the oxidation reaction from occurring in the process of melting the waste plastic due to heating in the heating step (S200), and the bricks formed in the forming step (S400) to be described later undergo an oxidation reaction. It may be possible to prevent it.

Lastly, it may be possible for the phase and safety additives to play a role in suppressing and slowing down the combustion of the molded bricks in the molding step (S400), which will be described later.

In the mixing step (S300), a heating mixer 20 or a mixer (not shown) with a mixed mixing function may be used to mix the melted waste plastic pieces and each additive.

In detail, if the heating mixer 20 has a mixing function, it is automatically mixed after heating. If the heating mixer 20 does not have a mixing function, the waste plastic pieces melted in the heating mixer 20 are moved to the mixer. It may be possible to mix them in a mixer.

Next, we look at the forming step (S400).

In the molding step (S400), it may be possible for the waste plastic pieces mixed with the additives in the mixing step (S300) to be molded into bricks according to preset conditions.

In detail, in the molding step (S400), it may be possible for waste plastic pieces mixed with additives to be placed inside the compression molding machine 30 and molded into bricks according to preset compressive strength and mold temperature.

At this time, the preset compressive strength may be set to 0.1 to 1.0 kg/cm², and the mold temperature may be set to 20 to 60 degrees to enable molding into bricks.

Bricks formed by compression may generate heat due to the temperature of the mold, and may be cooled by a fan (not shown) after forming the bricks.

In detail, the temperature of the mold is set to 20 to 60 degrees, and the compressed and completed brick generates heat, so that the molded brick can be cooled by being exposed to a fan for a certain period of time.

At this time, the exposure time to the fan is not limited, but exposure for 10 to 15 minutes may be preferable.

It may be possible for one or more holes to be formed inside the molded brick.

Specifically, when bricks are used to form a wall, it is possible to stack multiple bricks. At this time, a large load can be generated due to the multiple bricks, so the weight is reduced, the load is distributed, and the bricks are used to increase the lateral force when forming the wall. It may be possible for one or multiple holes to be formed inside.

At this time, one or more holes located inside the brick are formed top/bottom or left/right, and the number and size of the holes are not limited, but it may be possible to form them within a range that supports the load when forming the wall.

Additionally, a commonly used compression molding machine 30 may be used as the compression molding machine 30 for forming bricks, but may be equipped with a mold (not shown) so that bricks can be molded by compression.

A mold is a frame used to mass-produce products of the same standard. A piece of waste plastic mixed with additives is placed in the mold, and it may be possible to mold bricks according to preset conditions.

Based on the above-described configuration, the working status of the present invention will be examined.

Using the present invention, it becomes possible for waste plastic to be recycled and made into bricks.

First, workers can classify waste plastic through the classification process (S110) before the crushing step (S100).

In the classification process (S110), it is possible to classify waste plastic according to its main components and wash the classified waste plastic.

Waste plastic that has been sorted and washed can be pulverized in the pulverizing step (S100).

Waste plastic is introduced into the shredder 10 by an operator and pulverized, and the size of the pulverized waste plastic can be 8 cm or less.

The waste plastic pieces that have been pulverized in the pulverizing step (S100) can be heated in the heating step (S200).

In the heating step (S200), waste plastic pieces of 8 cm or less can be placed inside the heating mixer (20) and heated.

Waste plastic pieces that are heated can be divided into heating temperatures of 150 degrees, 200 degrees, and 270 degrees depending on their main components.

The waste plastic pieces are heated to a set temperature and are melted, allowing additives to be mixed in the mixing step (S300).

Additives can be used by mixing processing additives, anti-aging agents, phase and safety additives in a ratio of 1:1:1.

The ratio of melted waste plastic pieces and additives can be mixed to 80 to 85 wt% of melted waste plastic pieces and 15 to 20 wt% of additives.

The waste plastic pieces mixed with the additives that have been mixed in the mixing step (S300) can be molded into bricks in the forming step (S400).

At this time, the compression molding machine 30 is used to form the brick, and it is possible to mold the brick with a compressive strength of 0.1 to 1.0 kg/cm² and a mold temperature of 20 to 60 degrees.

Additionally, the model of the brick can be set by means of a mould.

The bricks formed by the compression molding machine 30 can be cooled by being exposed to a fan for 10 to 15 minutes.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative, and various modifications thereof are possible for those skilled in the art.

Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should include not only the above embodiments but also other variously modified embodiments according to the technical spirit of the invention described in the following claims.

S100: Grinding stage
S110: Classification process
S200: Heating step
S300: Mixing stage
S400: Forming stage
10: Grinder
20: Heating mixer
30: Compression molding machine

Claims (5)

A pulverizing step in which waste plastic is pulverized;
A heating step in which the waste plastic pieces pulverized in the pulverizing step are heated according to preset conditions;
A mixing step in which additives are mixed with the waste plastic pieces heated in the heating step according to a preset ratio; and
A molding step in which the waste plastic pieces mixed with the additives in the mixing step are molded into bricks according to preset conditions. According to clause 1,
The heating step is divided into three stages with different heating temperatures depending on the main components of the waste plastic pieces. A method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reuse bricks using heat compression. According to clause 1,
The additive mixed in the mixing step is an inorganic additive mixed with processing additives, anti-aging agents, phase and safety additives in equal proportions. A method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reusable bricks using heat compression, characterized in that the additives are used. According to clause 1,
In the forming step, a compression molding machine is used, and a method and device for manufacturing waste plastic reusable bricks using heat compression, characterized in that the molding is performed at a compressive strength of 0.1 to 1.0 kg/cm² and a mold temperature of 20 to 60 degrees. A method and device for manufacturing a waste plastic reusable brick using heat compression, wherein the brick formed by the method of manufacturing a waste plastic reuse brick using heat compression of claim 1 has a plurality of holes on the top, bottom, left, and right sides.